G6202 Disease Prevention In Home Vegetable Gardens, MU Extension These same diseases can be devastating on young plants if pathogens are presentearly in the season. Debris from diseased plants should not be added to a http://muextension.missouri.edu/explore/agguides/hort/g06202.htm
Extractions: Department of Horticulture Vegetable gardening is the number one hobby in the United States. Keeping a garden healthy and attractive requires attention not only to its size and location but also to the soil, water availability, sunlight and air circulation in the garden. These environmental conditions can determine susceptibility to plant diseases. Diseased plants are unsightly and also detract from the enjoyment and fruits of the hobby.
Wildlife Trust :: Hurricanes And Emerging Plant Diseases Emerging infectious diseases of plants pathogen pollution, climate change andagrotechnology drivers. TREE. 19(10)535544. Citrus canker on grapefruit http://www.wildlifetrust.org/news/2005/0801_hurricane.htm
Extractions: Hurricanes and Emerging Plant Diseases by Nikkita Patel With the hurricane season in full swing, most media attention is focused on its devastating affects on infrastructure and human life. However, another important story relates to how this destructive force can ravage plant health and food security through the spread of plant diseases. For example, gale-force winds, excessive amounts of rain and saturated soils provide favorable conditions for the spread and introduction of pathogens into new areas. Bacterial and fungal diseases tend to increase in severity after hurricanes. Winds twist and break branches, damage leaves and injure fruits. Injuries to plants provide entry sites for pathogens, especially bacteria. Fungal spores are often kicked up from their resting states in the soil and are carried long distances in the weather currents. Predictive models show that they can persist for 48 hours in the air and travel hundreds of miles. Vectors, insects that act as carriers of a pathogen from one plant to another plant, also can be displaced great distances in hurricane conditions and spread plant diseases to distant locales. Leading Factors of Plant Diseases A recent study explored factors that drive plant diseases of cultivated and wild plants, which have increased in incidence, increased in geographical or host plant range, or are newly recognized. A systematic analysis was conducted of seven years of ProMED postings (January 1996-December 2002). ProMED is a global electronic reporting system for outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases and toxins.
AgNIC Portal - Browse Online Guide to plant Disease Control Oregon State University Based on sectionsof text from the 2004 Pacific Northwest plant Disease Management Handbook, http://www.agnic.org/agnic/Browse/browse?node=Plant Pathogens&recformat=Brief&am
Extractions: U.S.A. Introduction Agricultural issues include not only the production of food, feed, and fiber products, but also issues such as food safety, environmental quality, and use of biotechnology. People have to make decisions on these issues, which directly impact their lives. However, in the U.S.A. only two percent of the population is directly involved in production agriculture, so few Americans have the information needed to make these decisions soundly, a problem known as agricultural illiteracy. In order to increase student's understanding of agricultural/science related issues we have developed a World Wide Web site that addresses topics relating to the social impacts of historically important plant diseases. On our site, Plants, Pathogens, and People , plant disease epidemics are used as case studies to illustrate important issues that involve agriculture. These case studies expose undergraduate and high school students to scientific and societal issues relating to agriculture, and through this exposure to increase the students understanding of the agricultural system. Depending on the intent of the instructors who use the materials on this site, the focus can be on the issues and how they pertain to the particular field of study (e.g. biology, history, health), or on the agricultural system itself. The site also gives students a better appreciation for the scientific process and methods of experimentation. Currently the site allows students to explore the topics of late blight and the Irish potato famine, and Dutch elm disease and the decline of the American elm. Additional case studies will be added in the near future.
Extractions: by P. Narayanasamy This totally revised and expanded reference provides the most recent information on the detection, identification, and differentiation of all microbial plant pathogens-presenting modern protocols for rapid diagnosis of diseases based on biological, physical, chemical, and molecular properties. This book also contains current methods for the selection of disease-free seeds and vegetatively propagated planting materials and quarantine techniques for screening newly introduced plant materials. It also discusses novel enhancements in diagnostic sensitivity, reliability, and rapidity and covers: Development of effective crop disease management systems using diagnostic methods Up-to-the-minute techniques to prevent fungal, bacterial, phytoplasmal, viral, and viroid pathogens Newly "imported" diseases affecting crop economics State-of-the-art procedures for the protection of numerous agroecological environments And more!
Plant Pathology: Concepts And Laboratory Exercises plant pathology and historical perspectives; What is a disease Studying theecology, systematics and evolution of plant pathogens at the molecular level http://www.chipsbooks.com/planpath.htm
Extractions: and Alan Windham Instructors, students and researchers in plant pathology have been searching for a primary text that combines an informal, easy-to-read style with a thorough introduction to the concepts and terminology of plant pathology. Plant Pathology Concepts and Laboratory Exercises answers their demand by presenting pathology principles, protocols and procedures, serving as a valuable resource tool for both students and researchers. This guide explains definitions of disease, characteristics of organisms that cause disease, and how diseases interact with hosts and the environment. Each topic is addressed by an expert in the field, and is supported by one or more lab exercises. The structure of the text allows for easy reading, with references minimized and major concepts highlighted at the beginning of each chapter.
Applied Genetics News: PCR Detects Plant Pathogens Full text of the article, PCR Detects plant pathogens from Applied Genetics With increasing numbers of insect carriers, Pierce s disease is a looming http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0DED/is_5_22/ai_81211904
Extractions: Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Cepheid, Inc. (1190 Borregas Ave., Sunnyvale, CA 94089-1302; Tel: 408/541-4191, Fax: 408/541-4192; Website: www.cepheid.com) has entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to develop DNA tests for rapid, field diagnosis of plant diseases threatening major cash crops. The tests will be developed and optimized for use on Cepheid's portable Smart Cycler TD and its GeneXpert systems. Scientists with the USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) will design DNA primers and probes to detect organisms responsible for several diseases posing serious threats, including citrus canker, Karnal bunt of wheat, Pierce's disease in grape vines, and plum pox in stone fruits. Cepheid retains first rights to license resulting diagnostic tests for commercial use on its systems. The company expects to supply the first samples of lyophilized, high- stability, high-performance testing kits for evaluation by the USDA during the first half of 2002.
Extractions: Academy of Marketing Science Review Accounting Historians Journal, The Accounting History AgExporter ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Guarding Against a Plant Disease Epidemic - Brief Article Agricultural Research August, 2000 by Ben Hardin Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Curiosity compels some people to research their family tree. But to ARS scientists like microbiologist Kerry O'Donnell and molecular geneticist Corby Kistler, reconstructing the genealogy of plant pathogenic fungi goes beyond curiosity. O'Donnell, at Peoria, Illinois, and Kistler, at St. Paul, Minnesota, along with colleagues at North Dakota State University (NDSU), Fargo, are doing research that may help keep grains from becoming contaminated with toxins that threaten food safety and plant health.
Welcome To ISPPWeb It is the disease, not the pathogen, which is being named. 5) Lists of proposedapproved common names of plant diseases for each host plant will be http://www.isppweb.org/names_common.asp
Extractions: Welcome to ISPPWeb Common names Bacterial Names Plant Pathology Internet Guide Book ISPP World Directory of Plant Pathologists Committee on Common Names of Plant Diseases As announced in the October 1999 issue of the ISPP Newsletter (5): 2, ISPP appointed its 21st committee, the Committee for Common Names of Plant Diseases (ISPP-CCN). This Committee will work with plant pathologists worldwide to establish principles (guidelines) for the naming of new plant diseases. Also, where multiple names, sometimes as many as 7 or 8 names, are being used for the one disease, the Committee will undertake discussion aimed at choosing the most appropriate name. The aim is to encourage the use of common names which describe a major symptom of a disease in words which are internationally meaningful. Eventually lists of internationally approved common names of plant diseases will be produced, which will assist authors, editors, quarantine officers and others communicating internationally. These lists will be placed on this ISPP-CCN website. You are invited to comment on the Committees Aims, which include recommended Principles (guidelines) and Working Rules (see the ISPP-CCN website below). Send your comments immediately to the Committee Chair, Dr David Teakle, at
U Of A - Department Of Plant Pathology Our Department is dedicated to teaching professionals about diseases and their HostPathogen Interactions. Plants exhibit a wide range of responses when http://www.uark.edu/depts/plntpath/departmt.html
Extractions: Biological Control Milus Rothrock TeBeest Fungal Biology A wide range of research activities are conducted on the biology, ecology, epidemiology, genetics, and molecular biology of economically important fungal plant pathogens. Research strengths include work on diseases caused by Albugo, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Hypoxylon, Peronospora, Phomopsis, Phytophthora, Puccinia, Pyricularia, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Thielaviopsis. Research efforts also are directed at managing numerous fungal diseases on several important crops in Arkansas including cotton, rice, soybean, wheat, corn and sorghum, spinach, tomato, cucurbits, peach and apple. Cartwright Correll Fenn Lee ... Yang Host-Pathogen Interactions Plants exhibit a wide range of responses when they are infected by a pathogen or wounded by an insect. As a defense mechanism, plants often express sets of specific genes and produce their own defense chemicals inducing the plant to become more resistant to subsequent attack. Several laboratories in the department are using advanced molecular techniques to examine the interactions between plants and pests to identify and characterize novel genes expressed after pathogen infection or insect damage. The characterization of plant defenses at the molecular level could ultimately lead to novel strategies for increasing plant resistance to important insects and pathogens.
U Of A - Department Of Plant Pathology PLPA 4103 plant Disease Control = Principles, methods, and mechanics of plant PLPA 5103 Fungal plant pathogens = Methods employed in identifying fungal http://www.uark.edu/depts/plntpath/graduate.html
Extractions: contact Dr. S.M. Lim (Department Head) **New Distinguished Doctoral Fellowships** **Graduate Student Financial Opportunities** The Department The Department of Plant Pathology at the University of Arkansas has a strong graduate faculty and offers programs leading to the Bachelor of Science, Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees. The B.S. degree in plant protection and pest management provides students with a well rounded background in managing plant health while the M.S. and Ph. D. curricula offer intensive training in applied and fundamental aspects of the science of plant pathology. The Department maintains well-balanced research programs ranging from fundamental studies of host-parasite physiology to more applied studies of disease control methods for major crops including rice, soybean, cotton, wheat, sorghum, fruits and vegetables. The Department has particularly strong areas of emphasis in biological control of diseases and weeds, virology, fungal biology and nematology. The Curriculum U ndergraduate studies: The B.S. degree in Plant Protection and Pest Management. This curriculum provides students pursuing a B.S. degree in agriculture with sound basic training in the biological and physical sciences, in communications and humanities and specific instruction in Plant Pathology. Students completing this curriculum are generally well prepared to pursue graduate studies or enter positions in private industry or government agencies requiring a strong background in plant protection, summer internships are available in Plant Pathology with
Plant Health Problems Living disease agents, called biotic agents or plant pathogens, include microorganismssuch as fungi and bacteria. Both abiotic and biotic agents will be http://www.caes.state.ct.us/PlantPestHandbookFiles/pphIntroductory/pphdisease.ht
Extractions: Introduction and Historical Impact of Plant Health Problems Plants in landscapes, gardens, production fields, forests, and interiorscapes are subject to a wide variety of problems that threaten their health. These problems can affect the aesthetics of the plant or can pose more serious consequences which result in plant disfigurement, crop loss due to reductions in yield and quality, and plant death. Throughout time, plant diseases have had profound effects on the history of human civilization and culture and plant health problems continue to impact our daily lives. Plant diseases affect food, fiber, and ornamental plants as well as those in natural areas. Notable among these diseases is potato late blight. This disease, caused by Phytophthora infestans , was responsible for widespread epidemics throughout Ireland and Europe in the 1840s. This devastating disease not only resulted in famine, but was also responsible for the emigration of 1.5 million people from Ireland to the United States and Canada. Late blight continues to threaten potato production in many regions of the U.S. as new strains of the fungus develop.
Science -- Sign In Some Emerging plant pathogens. Disease, Hosts, Geographic Distribution. FUNGAL.Late Blight, Potato, tomato, Spreading worldwide http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/292/5525/2270
Extractions: You do not have access to this item: Full Text : Moffat, Finding New Ways to Fight Plant Diseases, Science You are on the site via Free Public Access. What content can I view with Free Public Access If you have a personal user name and password, please login below. SCIENCE Online Sign In Options For Viewing This Content User Name Password this computer. Help with Sign In If you don't use cookies, sign in here Join AAAS and subscribe to Science for free full access. Sign Up More Info Register for Free Partial Access including abstracts, summaries and special registered free full text content. Register More Info Pay per Article 24 hours for US $10.00 from your current computer Regain Access to a recent Pay per Article purchase Need More Help? Can't get past this page? Forgotten your user name or password? AAAS Members activate your FREE Subscription
Extractions: Abiotic plant diseases The list below includes all the plant pathogens contained in the knowledge expectations for the Category B California PCA exam. Remember, in addition to knowing these organisms, there are many other knowledge expectations for this exam. Get the complete list of knowledge expectations from DPR. Each pathogen is linked to pages within the UC IPM Web site that contain information and photos to help you identify it and understand the basic biological and management information specified in the knowledge expectations. For some pathogens, a number of links are available. If a pathogen causes disease in several crops, links are listed to the UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines for crops where it is most important. It is important to be aware of pathogens that have a broad host range, although not necessary to learn details of every disease situation. Use the knowledge expectations to determine what information you should focus on. Pathogens which are also problematic in urban situations such as gardens and landscapes are linked to Pest Notes.
SOMETIMES SOURCES OF PLANT DISEASE CAN HIDE IN PLAIN SIGHT But, a plant disease specialist in Penn State s College of Agricultural Sciences Many plant pathogens can enter a dormant state when temperatures become http://aginfo.psu.edu/News/april00/disease.html
Glossary Of Plant Terms Pathogenicity, The capability of a pathogen to cause disease. Rust, Rust isa plant disease that gives a rusty appearance to a plant and http://www.ento.okstate.edu/Pddl/glossary.htm
Extractions: Alternate host: One of two kinds of plants on which a parasitic fungus (e.g., rust) must develop to complete its life cycle. Bactericide A chemical compound that kills or inhibits bacteria. Biological Control: Total or partial destruction of pathogen populations by other organisms. Blight Rapid death of leaf, stem, or branch tissues.
Extractions: alert("Could not get JavaScript: buttonJava.js to load") Acervulus (pl. Acervuli) - A saucer-shaped, spore-producing body of a fungus embedded in host tissue. Actinomycetes - Filamentous bacteria that produce several antibiotics and give soil its earthy smell. Alternate Host - One of two kinds of plants on which a parasitic fungus (e.g., rust) must develop to complete its life cycle. Anthracnose - Disease caused by acervuli-forming fungi (order Melanconzales ) and characterized by sunken lesions and necrosis. Antibiotic - A complex chemical substance produced by one microorganism that inhibits or kills other microorganisms (e.g., streptomycin). Antibody - A specific protein formed in the blood of warmblooded animals in response to the injection of an antigen. Antigen - Any foreign chemical (normally a protein) that induces antibody formation in animals. Antiseptic - A substance that prevents, retards, or destroys microorganisms. Apothecium - An open, cuplike, or saucer-shaped sexual fungal fruiting body containing asci. Ascomycetes - A group of fungi characterized by the production of sexual spores within an oval or tubular membranous sac called an ascus.
PLANT PATHOLOGY I. Definition of plant Pathology. A. Disease triangle. 1. Pathogen. 2. Susceptiblehost. 3. Environmental conditions. a.Moisture. b.Temperature http://www.hcs.ohio-state.edu/mg/manual/path.htm
Extractions: PLANT PATHOLOGY T hroughout history, loss of crop yields from disease have had severe effects on the human race. There are at least 50,000 diseases of crop plants. New diseases are discovered every year. About 15% of the total U.S. crop production is lost annually to infectious diseases despite improved cultivars and disease control techniques. Damage from disease has not been eliminated. Disease-causing organisms (pathogens) multiply and mutate rapidly. They develop genetic resistance to chemical controls and have the ability to infect new hybrids. Good gardening practices and an understanding of plant pathology are the first line of defense against disease.
Vegetable Pathology Team Disease Gallery Host, Disease, Pathogen, Source (diseased plant on left; healthy on right),Plasmodiophora bassicae, WA Anderson. Cauliflower http://mtvernon.wsu.edu/path_team/diseasegallery.htm