GUIDE TO LAW ONLINE: United States Native American Peoples Indian Treaty Council National Congress of american Indians native american american Indian Resources (Oklahoma Dept. of Libraries) includes the http://www.loc.gov/law/guide/usnative.html
Extractions: Guide to Law Online ... Index United States: Native Americans Texts Commentary Agencies Other Links A Century of Lawmaking, 1774-1873 (Law Library/National Digital Library Program) searchable Congressional documents and debates; including Serial Set No. 4015 (Indian Land Cessions in the United States) Code of Federal Regulations, Title 25 (Indians) (GPO Access) April 1, 2003 edition and the previous six years Code of Federal Regulations, Title 25 (Indians) (Cornell's Legal Information Institute) Constitutions (University of Oklahoma Law Library / National Indian Law Library) Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties (OSU Library Digitization Center) - Includes treaties from 1770 to 1883, as published in Vol. II of Charles J. Kappler's 1904 compilation. Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible to Receive Services from the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs 68 Fed. Reg. 16,180 (2003) PDF; from the December 5, 2003 Federal Register
The Plains Indians The native Americans came to trade, to visit, and later to sign treaties andreceive annuities. Early relations between the traders at the Fort and the http://www.nps.gov/fola/indians.htm
Extractions: During most of its early history, Fort Laramie was a social and economic center for several tribes of Plains Indians. The Native Americans came to trade, to visit, and later to sign treaties and receive annuities. Early relations between the traders at the Fort and the Indians were amicable, but as the tide of emigrants swelled along the Oregon Trial, resentments and friction began to emerge. In an effort to end hostilities, a council attended by representatives of the United States and more than 10,000 Indians was called near Fort Laramie in 1851. The council give birth to the Treaty of 1851 that was signed by the United States and tribal representatives. In return for $50,000 per year of annuities, the Indians agreed to stop harassing the wagon trains. The Treaty was not effective, however, and subsequent incidents resulted in deaths of Native Americans, emigrants, and soldiers alike. The Bozeman Trail, which headed North to the gold fields of Montana, was soon swarming with emigrants who passed through the prime bison hunting lands of the Sioux and the Cheyenne tribes. The Army constructed three Forts along the Trail to provide for the safety of the travelers. The Native Americans resented the intrusions, and the high plains were soon aflame with conflict. A new treaty, the Treaty of 1868 was signed in which the Army agreed to withdraw from the Bozeman Trail and evacuate the forts along it. It addition, the treaty provided a reservation for the Indians along with rights to their traditional hunting grounds.
History Page With the railroad act of 1862 it was written that native Americans right to Three of the 1863 treaties Treaty with the ShoshoneGoship, Treaty with the http://www.nps.gov/gosp/history/Native_American_RR.html
Extractions: Historical Essay The Last Spikes Everlasting Steam Last Spike Site Reading List Essay Native Americans and the Railroad By Kerry Brinkerhoff As the first white men came into the west their stories became larger than life to those in the east and around the Anglo world. They told of a "Great Desert" that was almost impossible to cross. They said it was impossible to live in, but would mention that it was inhabited by Native Americans and that they were perplexed in how the Native Americans could survive in the "Great Desert". As early as the 1830s' men were asking for a transcontinental Railroad but no one could believe that rails could cross the "Great Desert". Those who believed in a railroad from the east to the west were considered by most as "crazy". I find it interesting that it took a civil war to get the idea of linking a country to become a reality. As men in the North fought with their brothers in the South to free the slave, the government was also at war with the Native American fighting to take away their rights. With the railroad act of 1862 it was written that Native Americans right to lands along the route must be taken away as quickly as possible to make way for a railroad. At about the same time Col. Connor and 700 Volunteers would be sent from California to Utah to clear the way. They killed many Native Americans along the way. The same month that the Central Pacific would break ground would also be one of the darkest in Native American History. The Bear River massacre would take place on Jan 29, 1863, when Col. Connor and his California Volunteers surrounded a Shoshone tribe and massacred over 450 men, women and children.
USDOJ: OTJ: : Policy On Indian Soveriegnty DOJ Seal Pictures of native Americans Pictures of native Americans In earlyIndian treaties, the United States pledged to protect Indian tribes, http://www.usdoj.gov/otj/sovtrb.htm
Extractions: RELATIONS WITH INDIAN TRIBES PURPOSE: To reaffirm the Department's recognition of the sovereign status of federally recognized Indian tribes as domestic dependent nations and to reaffirm adherence to the principles of government-to-government relations; to inform Department personnel, other federal agencies, federally recognized Indian tribes, and the public of the Department's working relationships with federally recognized Indian tribes; and to guide the Department in its work in the field of Indian affairs. From its earliest days, the United States has recognized the sovereign status of Indian tribes as "domestic dependent nations." Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 30 U.S. (5 Pet.) 1, 17 (1831). Our Constitution recognizes Indian sovereignty by classing Indian treaties among the "supreme Law of the land," and establishes Indian affairs as a unique area of federal concern. In early Indian treaties, the United States pledged to "protect" Indian tribes, thereby establishing one of the bases for the federal trust responsibility in our government-to-government relations with Indian tribes. These principles continue to guide our national policy towards Indian tribes. A. THE EXECUTIVE MEMORANDUM ON GOVERNMENT-TO-GOVERNMENT RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND INDIAN TRIBES
Web Guide For Native American Religions native american religions both in the UIUC library system and on the Web including treaties, legislation, census information and more general resources. http://www.library.uiuc.edu/edx/natamreligion/nar.htm
Extractions: Native American religions both in the UIUC library system and on the Web Introduction: The study of Native American Religions is a highly interdisciplinary topic, and draws together materials from disciplines such as History, Anthropology, Literature, Law, and Religious Studies. A good place to start for general resources for Native American Studies can be found at Guide to Sources on Native Americans , a Resource Guide from the Education and Social Sciences Library. Additional guides are available at the Native American Studies Library Resources site. Article Databases: Almost any general article database will contain some material on Native American religions. The specific purpose and topic of your research will determine the best database to use. If you are writing a freshman-level term paper or if you need background information to help select a topic, use a database with general coverage, such as
Anishinabe Chippewa Ojibwe Native American Social Studies native Americans Canada/US General resources. By peoples, tribes, associations http//edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=369 http://www.archaeolink.com/chippewa_ojibwe.htm
Extractions: Anishinabe / Ojibwe / Chippewa History People Culture Home Native Americans - Canada/US General resources By peoples, tribes, associations Abenaki Social Studies Acolapissa Social Studies Acoma Pueblo ( Sky City ) Social Studies Alabama-Coushatta Social Studies ... Zuni Pueblo Social Studies By Regions Eastern Woodland Indian Tribes page 1 Eastern Woodland Indian Tribes page 2 Northern Plains Indian Tribes page 1 Northern Plains Indian Tribes page 2 ... Pacific Northwest Indian Tribes page2 Special Pages Native Americans in the Military Métis Anishinabe _"The Anishinabe are the third largest Indian tribe in North America... they were the only Indian nation to defeat the Sioux." Get some good information about this people's history and culture. Highlighted text will take you to pages about the topic at hand. - Illustrated - From emuseum - http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/history/mncultures/anishinabe.html Anishinabe - Ojibwe - Chippewa: Culture of an Indian Nation _"This lesson provides information and activities about one American Indian Nation, the Anishinabe, called Ojibwe in Canada and Chippewa in the U.S., and engages students in research on its history, location, and past and present culture." - 1 photo - From EDSITEment -
Native American Canadian First Nation Social Studies native americans american Indians / First Nations Social Studies The Chiefsand Headsmen who negotiated the treaties also had the wisdom and forethought http://www.archaeolink.com/native_americans_american_indian_general_resources.ht
Extractions: Native American s American Indians / First Nations Social Studies General Resources Home To General Resources - Africa, African Anthropology To General Resources - Australia Aboriginal People To General Resources - Native Americans To African Tribal Resources To Native American Tribal Resources To Native South Americans To Indigenous Asian General Resources To Anthropology General Index Native Americans - Canada/US General resources - Native Americans/First Nations Lesson Plans By peoples, tribes, associations Abenaki Social Studies Acolapissa Social Studies Acoma Pueblo ( Sky City ) Social Studies Alabama-Coushatta Social Studies ... Zuni Pueblo Social Studies By Regions Eastern Woodland page 1 Eastern Woodland page 2 Northern Plains page 1 Northern Plains page 2 ... Pacific Northwest page2 Special Pages Native Americans in the Military Métis Native Americans By State Alabama Indian Tribes Alaska Indian Tribes Arizona Indian Tribes Arkansas Indian Tribes ... Wyoming Indian Tribes First Nations by Province and Territory Alberta British Columbia General Resources Manitoba ... Yukon 500 Nations This is a website jam packed with news about Native Americans. You will find history, anthropology, current events, even casino news, just about everything you can imagine relating to Native Americans. You will find information broken down by US states and Canadian Provinces. - illustrated - From 500 Nations -
Native American History - Native Americans And The United States The Treaty of Greenville, one of the most important nativeamerican treaties,marked the end of years of warfare between the United States and the Miami http://americanhistory.about.com/od/nativeamericans/
Extractions: zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help American History Social History Native Americans Homework Help American History Essentials 13 Original Colonies ... Help w(' ');zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); Sign Up Now for the American History newsletter! See Online Courses Search American History Read about the people and events important to Native American History. Alphabetical Recent Cheyenne Chief: Tall Bull Tall Bull led the Dog Soldiers in battle, but his death at Summit Springs ended Southern Cheyenne power. From Wild West Magazine. Long Walk of the Navajos After centuries of conflict with other Indians, Spaniards and Mexicans, the Navajo people took on Kit Carson and other Mexicansonly to face removal from their beloved homeland to the arid Bosque Redondo. From Wild West Magazine. "Cochise" Review In two recent books, Peter Aleshire examines the lives of an Apache woman warrior and a great Apache chief. Read the reviews from Wild West Magazine. Everyday Life Among the American Indians: 1800-1900 Review Read a review about this book focusing daily life among 19th century Native Americans written for Wild West Magazine.
Native American Way Please visit the native american Way Blog. It s updated weekly. Ojibwe Historiesand Narratives ( treaties, native american Policy Law, Sovereignty, http://www.legendarysurfers.com/naw/
Extractions: Native American Way Inspired by the writings of James Willard Schultz (Apikuni), I've put together in one location links to resources for Wisdom and Ways of Our People. The site is still in construction mode, so bear with me. Your help identifying broken links will be greatly appreciated! Please report broken links by emailing Malcolm Also, by ordering your Amazon.com items here, you support this site with a small percentage of the purchase: Search: All Products Keywords: Radio: AIROS Indian Radio Stations Locations Listen to AIROS AIROS Indian News Links ... CBC News: Yellow Knife (Canada) [not functioning?] CBC News: Whitehorse (Canada - includes non-native programming) Native Radio [functioning?] Print/Electronic Media: Native American Public Telecommunications (parent of AIROS) U.S. Department of the Interior
Treaty Research: Sources And Tips treaties between native Americans and the United States or Canada AmericanForeign Policy and Treaty Index (gov. Docs. Index/Ref JX1417 . http://www.lib.msu.edu/schaubm1/treaties.htm
Extractions: This guide is far from comprehensive; rather, it provides information on a selection of the most important starting points and strategies. Most of the materials listed below are located in Main Library Reference, the Government Documents Library, or are accessible via the WWW. Please ask at the Main Library Reference Desk (Main Library, 1st floor East) if you need further assistance. Treaty Texts Special Topics: Native Americans Special Topics: Tax Treaties Special Topics: Tips for Tracking ... To the Top Index to Multilateral Treaties: A Chronological List of Multiparty International Agreements from the 16th Century through 1963, with Citations to Their Texts . (Reference JX171 .H35) Produced by the Harvard Law School Library, this volume provides subject and country access to over 3800 treaties concluded between 1596 and 1963. Citations to the full text are provided. Information on Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOS) and Law in the MSU Libraries: Information by Subject is a selective bibliography of subject-specific compilations of multilateral treaties and conventions. Broad subject areas include: Arms Control, Disarmament and War; Culture and Cultural Heritage; Education; Environment; Fisheries, Food and Agriculture; Health; Human Rights; Intellectual Property; Labour; Oceans and Law of the Sea; Outer Space; Peacekeeping; Telecommunications; Trade; and Women's Rights. Links to full-text resources are provided.
Exhibit: Black Hills Treaty Many of the treaties extinguished native Americans title to land. Other agreementsrelated to the pursuit and maintenance of peace, the status of tribes as http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals/sioux.html
Extractions: from the Sioux Indians," December 26, 1876 The history of Native Americans in North America dates back thousands of years. Exploration and settlement of the western United States by Americans and Europeans wreaked havoc on the Indian peoples living there. In the 19th century the American drive for expansion clashed violently with the Native American resolve to preserve their lands, sovereignty, and ways of life. The struggle over land has defined relations between the U.S. government and Native Americans and is well documented in the holdings of the National Archives. Treaty of 1868, April 29, 1868, top of page 1 The Black Hills of Dakota are sacred to the Sioux Indians. In the 1868 treaty, signed at Fort Laramie and other military posts in Sioux country, the United States recognized the Black Hills as part of the Great Sioux Reservation, set aside for exclusive use by the Sioux people. However, after the discovery of gold there in 1874, the United States confiscated the land in 1877. To this day, ownership of the Black Hills remains the subject of a legal dispute between the U.S. government and the Sioux. Page 2 bears the signatures of the American commissioners who represented the United States (including Lt.-Gen. William T. Sherman) , while page 3 features the names and markings of the Sioux chiefs. You can see high- resolution images of the treaty:
Extractions: January 28, 2005 FACT SHEET "Since our Nation's birth, pluralism and diversity have been hallmarks of the American experience and success. In 1782, the Founding Fathers chose as our national motto âE Pluribus Unum,â which means âout of many, one.â Today, America's unity, derived from a mix of many diverse cultures and people, grandly embodies the vision expressed by our Founders. American Indian and Alaska Native cultures have made remarkable contributions to our national identity. Their unique spiritual, artistic, and literary contributions, together with their vibrant customs and celebrations, enliven and enrich our land." President Bush
MN Ed Commissioner Denies Genocide Against Native Americans Whereas the United States Government violated many of the treaties ratified the american Indian Freedom of Religion Act, and the native american Grave http://www.aimovement.org/moipr/resolution.html
Extractions: We first want to commend Senator Sam Brownback-R of Kansas, and Co-Sponsors Senators Ben Campbell-R of Colorado, and Daniel Inouye-D of Hawaii, as well Representative JoAnn Davis-R of Virginia, and other members of the United States Congress for their work, and support on the Resolution of Apology to Native People, S.J. Res.37 in the Senate and in the House of Representatives, H.J. Res.98. We know you to be honorable people with honorable intentions, and you mean to do Native peoples good by your kind and over-due proposals for the beginning of reconciliation between the United States government, state governments, the American people and Native Nations and peoples. The American Indian Movement Grand Governing Council, however, firmly rejects as unacceptable the Resolution of Apology to Native people, S.J. Res.37. In its present form, it falls short in that it does not address solutions. The Resolution initiated by Senator Sam Brownback-R of Kansas and co-sponsored by Senators Daniel Inouye-D of Hawaii, and Ben Campbell-R of Colorado, and entered into the congressional record on May 6, 2004, is, at this date, still pending in the Senate. The hopes were to announce its passage in the Senate and the House during the opening of the new National Museum of the American Indian on September 21, 2004. Representative JoAnn Davis-R of Virginia introduced similar legislation in the House, H.J. Res.98.
Resolution Of Apology To Native American Peoples Ray Levesque May 12 An historic Resolution of Apology to the native american peoples was Many treaties were made between this Republic and the american Indian Tribes. http://www.nativevillage.org/Messages from the People/resolution_of_apology_to_n
Extractions: Resolution of Apology to Native American Peoples by Ray Levesque May 12, 2004 HISTORIC RESOLUTION OF APOLOGY TO NATIVE PEOPLES INTRODUCED IN U.S. CONGRESS May 6, 2004 A Call for Prayer for Passage and Action by the President An historic Resolution of Apology to the Native American peoples was introduced in the U.S. Congress by Senators Sam Brownback (R-KS), Ben Nighthorse Campbell (R-CO) and Daniel K. Inouye (D-HI) on the evening of the May 6, 2004, National Day of Prayer. In his remarks on the Senate floor, Sen. Brownback stated, "This is a resolution of apology and a resolution of reconciliation. It is a first step toward healing the wounds that have divided us for so long-a potential foundation for a new era of positive relations between Tribal Governments and the Federal Government .Before reconciliation, there must be recognition and repentance. Before there is a durable relationship, there must be understanding. This resolution will not authorize or serve as a settlement of any claim against the United States, not will it resolve the many challenges still facing the Native Peoples. But it does recognize the negative impact of numerous deleterious Federal acts and policies on Native Americans and their cultures." Senator Brownback and the initiators of this Resolution are asking for concerted prayer and action that many Senators will quickly sign on as co-sponsors, that it will be passed by both chambers and acted on by President George W. Bush (see Section 1 - (6) of the Resolution) before the September 21, 2004 formal opening of the new National Museum of the American Indian which is nearing completion on the Mall in Washington, DC.
Extractions: The Native American Liaison Program What does it mean when a Indian tribe is federally recognized? The term "federally recognized tribe" means an Indian or Alaska Native tribe, band, nation, pueblo, village or community that the Secretary of the Interior acknowledges as an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally Recognized Indian List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 479a). What are the federally recognized Indian tribes in the Northeast Region and where are they located? There are a total of 17 federally recognized Indian tribes in the Northeast Region, including: Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians, Presque Isle, Maine Cayuga Nation, Versailes, New York Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation, North Stonington, Connecticut Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians, Houlton, Maine Mashantucket Pequot Tribe, Ledyard, Connecticut Mohegan Tribe of Indians, Uncasville, Connecticut Narragansett Indian Tribe, Charlestown, Rhode Island Oneida Indian Nation, Vernon, New York Onondaga Nation, Nedrow, New York Passamaquoddy - Indian Township Reservation, Princeton, Maine
Native Americans Some of the rocks have been changed only slightly by native Americans and may date Through a series of treaties, their land was ceded to the government, http://www.fws.gov/midwest/horicon/nativeamericans.html
Extractions: The prehistoric people of the Effigy Mound culture, a division of the Woodland Indian people, lived in the upper Midwest from around 500 A.D. to 1400 A.D. The mound builders left behind little evidence of a permanent village. Their origins are unknown. They disappeared around 1400 A.D. leaving few traces of their culture or of what happened to them. However, one interesting artifact of their life remains: the effigy mounds they built. Mound-building is considered an art form. Their effigy mounds are earthen mounds and vary in size from 25 feet to over 300 feet long, average three feet in height, and were formed into animal or geometric shapes. Animal shapes include panther, bear, bison, deer, birds, and others. Still other mounds are shaped into lines and circles (linear and conical mounds). Some mounds that have been excavated contain artifacts including pottery, bone tools, and copper awls. The Horicon Marsh-Kettle Moraine-Sheboygan Marsh area was an apparent center of religious worship, a trail-shrine complex. Along the east side of Horicon National Wildlife Refuge, County Z generally follows an ancient Indian trail below the high ledge of the Niagara Escarpment. Mound groups face the trail and the marsh.
Native American Pathfinder native american Almanac A Portrait of native America Today this site presentsthe complete texts to major treaties between native american tribes and http://library.wvstateu.edu/printouts/hisnaweb.html
Extractions: Introduction The purpose of this pathfinder is to introduce patrons of West Virginia State College's Drain-Jordan Library to items on Native Americans, which can either be found in, or accessed from, the Drain-Jordan Library. Those items include books, magazines, journals, and CD ROM databases in the library; and online databases and web sites on the Internet. Getting Started About Library of Congress Subject Headings. Before searching the online card catalogue (VTLS), it helps to know a few Library of Congress subject headings. One method for identifying these subject headings is to look up plausible terms in the Library of Congress Subject Headings , the 5 red-bound volumes which are located on shelves in front of the Reference Desk. Another method is to locate an item that you already know is about the topic in the online catalogue, and to scroll down and click on the item's card icon to see what Subject headings have been assigned to this item. For example, the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) uses the term "Indians" for the indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere. More specifically, LCSH uses "Indians of North America" for those peoples indigenous to the United States and/or Canada. Often, if an item is about one particular tribe, the item will have the tribe's name as its subject heading. "Algonquian Indians," "Comanche Indians," "Dakota Indians," "Eskimos," and "Oglala Indians"- all are a few examples of Library of Congress subject headings found by searching for a particular tribe. (In addition to entering Library of Congress subject headings, try entering "Native Americans," "American Indians," " Indigenous people," or even the name of a specific American Indian leader, when looking for information with search engines on the Internet.)
Native Americans - Crow http//www.osmre.gov/montana.htm Treaty With Crow Tribe, 7 May 1868 native american Site The Tachi Yokut Tribe - treaty library - CA casino updates http://www.nativeamericans.com/Crow.htm
Native Americans - Cherokee the first native american newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, began publication . Cherokee treaties produced by the Oklahoma State University Library http://www.nativeamericans.com/Cherokee.htm
