US Department Of State Background Note Gabon November 2003 Rassemblement National Des BucheronsRassemblement pour le gabon gabon hasat least 40 ethnic groups, with separate languages and cultures. http://commercecan.ic.gc.ca/scdt/bizmap/interface2.nsf/vDownload/BNOTES_0556/$fi
Extractions: U.S. Department of State Background Note: Gabon November 2003 PROFILE OFFICIAL NAME: Gabon Geography Area: 267,667 sq. km. (103,347 sq. mi.); about the size of Colorado. Cities: CapitalLibreville (pop. 673,995). Other citiesPort-Gentil (118,940), Franceville. Terrain: Narrow coastal plain; hilly, heavily forested interior (about 80% forested); some savanna regions in east and south. Climate: Hot and humid all year with two rainy and two dry seasons. People Nationality: Noun and adjectiveGabonese (sing. and pl.). Population (2000 est.): 1.32 million (figs. disputed). Annual growth rate (2003 est.): 0.75%. Ethnic groups: Fang (largest), Myene, Bapounou, Eshira, Bandjabi, Bakota, Nzebi, Bateke/Obamba. Religions: Christian (55-75%), Muslim, animist. Languages: French (official), Fang, Myene, Bateke, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi. Education: Years compulsoryto age 16. Attendance60%. Literacy63%. Health: Infant mortality rate60/1,000. Life expectancy56 yrs. Work force (500,000 est.): Agriculture52%; industry and commerce16%; services and government33%. Government Type: Republic. Independence: August 17, 1960. Constitution: February 21, 1961 (revised April 15, 1975; rewritten March 26, 1991; revised July 29, 2003). Branches: Executivepresident (head of state). Legislativebicameral legislature (National Assembly and Senate). Governmentprime minister and appointed Council of Ministers (current government of 40 appointed January 2002). JudicialSupreme Court. Administrative subdivisions: 9 provinces, 37 prefectures, and 9 subprefectures. Political parties (including number of seats in 120-member Assembly elected in 2001-02: Parti Democratique Gabonais (PDG-88), Rassemblement National Des Bucherons-Rassemblement pour le Gabon (RNB-RPG-8), Parti Gabonais Du Progres (PGP-3), Independents and other parties24. Suffrage: Universal, direct. Central government budget (2001 est.): Receipts$1.6 billion; expenses$1.2 billion; defense (1999)3.0% of government budget. Economy GDP (2003): $4.8 billion. Annual real growth rate (2004 est.): 1.1%. Per capita income (2004 est.): $4,579. Avg. inflation rate (2004 est): 2.1%. Natural resources: Petroleum (43% of GDP), timber, manganese, uranium. Agriculture and forestry (7% of GDP): Productscocoa, coffee, rubber, sugar, and pineapples. Cultivated land1%. Industry (9% of GDP): Typespetroleum related, wood processing, food and beverage processing. Trade (2003): Exports$2.6 billion: petroleum, wood, manganese. Major marketsU.S., EU, Asia. Imports$0.7 billion: construction equipment, machinery, food, automobiles, manufactured goods. Major suppliersU.S., France, China. PEOPLE Almost all Gabonese are of Bantu origin. Gabon has at least 40 ethnic groups, with separate languages and cultures. The largest is the Fang (about 30%). Other ethnic groups include the Myene, Bandjabi, Eshira, Bapounou, Bateke/ Obamba, Nzebi, and Bakota. Ethnic group boundaries are less sharply drawn in Gabon than elsewhere in Africa. French, the official language, is a unifying force. More than 7,000 French people live in Gabon, and France predominates foreign cultural and commercial influences. Historical and environmental factors caused Gabon's population to decline between 1900 and 1940. It is one of the least densely inhabited countries in Africa, and a labor shortage is a major obstacle to development and a draw for foreign workers. The population is generally accepted to be just over 1 million but remains in dispute. HISTORY During the last seven centuries, Bantu ethnic groups arrived in the area from several directions to escape enemies or find new land. Little is known of tribal life before European contact, but tribal art suggests rich cultural heritages. Gabon's first European visitors were Portuguese traders who arrived in the 15th century and named the country after the Portuguese word "gabao," a coat with sleeve and hood resembling the shape of the Komo River estuary. The coast became a center of the slave trade. Dutch, British, and French traders came in the 16th century. France assumed the status of protector by signing treaties with Gabonese coastal chiefs in 1839 and 1841. American missionaries from New England established a mission at Baraka (now Libreville) in 1842. In 1849, the French captured a slave ship and released the passengers at the mouth of the Komo River. The slaves named their settlement Libreville"free town." An American, Paul du Chaillu, was among the first foreigners to explore the interior of the country in the 1850s. French explorers penetrated Gabon's dense jungles between 1862 and 1887. The most famous, Savorgnan de Brazza, used Gabonese bearers and guides in his search for the headwaters of the Congo River. France occupied Gabon in 1885 but did not administer it until 1903. In 1910, Gabon became one of the four territories of French Equatorial Africa, a federation that survived until 1959. The territories became independent in 1960 as the Central African Republic, Chad, Congo (Brazzaville), and Gabon. GOVERNMENT Under the 1961 constitution (revised in 1975 and rewritten in 1991), Gabon became a republic with a presidential form of government. The National Assembly has 120 deputies elected for a 5-year term. The president is elected by universal suffrage for a 7-year term. The president appoints the prime minister, the cabinet, and judges of the independent Supreme Court. In 1990 the government in 1990 made major changes to the political system. A transitional constitution was drafted in May as an outgrowth of a national political conference in March-April and later revised by a constitutional committee. Among its provisions were a Western-style bill of rights; creation of a National Council of Democracy to oversee the guarantee of those rights; a governmental advisory board on economic and social issues; and an independent judiciary. After approval by the National Assembly, the PDG Central Committee and the president, the Assembly unanimously adopted the constitution in March 1991. Multiparty legislative elections were held in 1990-91, despite the fact that opposition parties had not been declared formally legal. After a peaceful transition, the elections produced the first representative, multiparty National Assembly. In January 1991, the Assembly passed by unanimous vote a law governing the legalization of opposition parties. The president was re-elected in a disputed election in 1993 with 51% of votes cast. Social and political disturbances led to the 1994 Paris Conference and Accords, which provided a framework for the next elections. Local and legislative elections were delayed until 1996-97. In 1997 constitutional amendments were adopted to create an appointed Senate, the position of vice president, and to extend the president's term to 7 years. Facing a divided opposition, President Bongo was re-elected in December 1998, with 66% of the votes cast. Although the main opposition parties claimed the elections had been manipulated, there was none of the civil disturbance that followed the 1993 election. The president retains strong powers, such as authority to dissolve the National Assembly, declare a state of siege, delay legislation, conduct referenda, and appoint and dismiss the prime minister and cabinet members. Peaceful though flawed legislative elections in 2001-02 produced a new National Assembly dominated by the president's party and its allies. Observers expect Bongo to run again for reelection in 2005. For administrative purposes, Gabon is divided into 9 provinces, which are further divided into 36 prefectures and 8 separate subprefectures. The president appoints the provincial governors, the prefects, and the subprefects. Principal Government Officials President of the Republic, Founder of the Gabonese Democratic Party El Hadj Omar Bongo Vice PresidentDidjob Divungi Di Ndinge Prime Minister, Head of GovernmentJean Francois Ntoutoume-Emane Minister of Foreign Affairs and CooperationJean Ping Ambassador to the United StatesJules Marius Ogoouebandja Ambassador to the United NationsDenis Dangue-Rewaka Gabon maintains an embassy in the United States at 2034 - 20th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 (tel. 202-797-1000). POLITICAL CONDITIONS At the time of Gabon's independence in 1960, two principal political parties existed: the Bloc Democratique Gabonais (BDG), led by Leon M'Ba, and the Union Democratique et Sociale Gabonaise (UDSG), led by J.H. Aubame. In the first post-independence election, held under a parliamentary system, neither party was able to win a majority. The BDG obtained support from three of the four independent legislative deputies, and M'Ba was named prime minister. Soon after concluding that Gabon had an insufficient number of people for a two-party system, the two party leaders agreed on a single list of candidates. In the February 1961 election, held under the new presidential system, M'Ba became president and Aubame foreign minister. This one-party system appeared to work until February 1963, when the larger BDG element forced the UDSG members to choose between a merger of the parties or resignation. The UDSG cabinet ministers resigned, and M'Ba called an election for February 1964 and a reduced number of National Assembly deputies (from 67 to 47). The UDSG failed to muster a list of candidates able to meet the requirements of the electoral decrees. When the BDG appeared likely to win the election by default, the Gabonese military toppled M'Ba in a bloodless coup on February 18, 1964. French troops re-established his government the next day. Elections were held in April with many opposition participants. BDG-supported candidates won 31 seats and the opposition 16. Late in 1966, the constitution was revised to provide for automatic succession of the vice president should the president die in office. In March 1967, Leon M'Ba and Omar Bongo (then Albert Bongo) were elected president and vice president. M'Ba died later that year, and Omar Bongo became president. In March 1968, Bongo declared Gabon a one-party state by dissolving the BDG and establishing a new partythe Parti Democratique Gabonais (PDG). He invited all Gabonese, regardless of previous political affiliation, to participate. Bongo was elected president in February 1975, and re-elected in December 1979 and November 1986 to 7-year terms. In April 1975, the office of vice president was abolished and replaced by the office of prime minister, who has no right to automatic succession. Under the 1991 constitution, in the event of the president's death, the prime minister, the National Assembly president, and the defense minister were to share power until a new election could be held. A 1997 amendment to the constitution reestablished the position of vice president. Using the PDG as a tool to submerge the regional and tribal rivalries that have divided Gabonese politics in the past, Bongo sought to forge a single national movement in support of the government's development policies. Opposition to the PDG continued, however, and in September 1990, two coup attempts were uncovered and aborted. Economic discontent and a desire for political liberalization provoked violent demonstrations and strikes by students and workers in early 1990. In response to grievances by workers, Bongo negotiated with them on a sector-by-sector basis, making significant wage concessions. In addition, he promised to open up the PDG and to organize a national political conference in March-April 1990 to discuss Gabon's future political system. The PDG and 74 political organizations attended the conference. Participants essentially divided into two loose coalitions, the ruling PDG and its allies and the United Front of Opposition Associations and Parties, consisting of the breakaway Morena Fundamental and the Gabonese Progress Party. The April conference approved sweeping political reforms, including creation of a national senate, decentralization of the budgetary process, freedom of assembly and press, and cancellation of the exit visa requirement. In an attempt to guide the political system's transformation to multiparty democracy, Bongo resigned as PDG chairman and created a transitional government headed by a new prime minister, Casimir Oye-Mba. The Gabonese Social Democratic Grouping (RSDG), as the resulting government was called, was smaller than the previous government and included representatives from several opposition parties in its cabinet. The RSDG drafted a provisional constitution that provided a basic bill of rights and an independent judiciary but retained strong executive powers for the president. After further review by a constitutional committee and the National Assembly, this document came into force in March 1991. Despite further anti-government demonstrations after the untimely death of an opposition leader, the first multiparty National Assembly elections in almost 30 years took place in September-October 1990, with the PDG garnering a large majority. Following President Bongo's re-election in December 1993 with 51% of the vote, opposition candidates refused to validate the election results. Serious civil disturbances led to an agreement between the government and opposition factions to work toward a political settlement. These talks led to the Paris Accords in November 1994, under which several opposition figures were included in a government of national unity. This arrangement soon broke down, and the 1996 and 1997 legislative and municipal elections provided the background for renewed partisan politics. The PDG won a landslide victory in the legislative election, but several major cities, including Libreville, elected opposition mayors during the 1997 local election. President Bongo coasted to an easy re-election in December 1998 with 66% of the vote against a divided opposition. While Bongo's major opponents rejected the outcome as fraudulent, international observers characterized the result as representative even if the election suffered from serious administrative problems. There was no serious civil disorder or protests following theelection in contrast to the 1993 election. Legislative elections held in 2001-02, which were boycotted by a number of smaller opposition parties and were widely criticized for their administrative weaknesses, produced a National Assembly almost completely dominated by the PDG and allied independents. The Constitutional revision of 2003 clears the way for Bongo to run for Presidential office as often as he would like. Bongo is expected to be a candidate again in 2005. ECONOMY Gabon's economy is dominated by oil. Oil revenues comprise 65% of the Government of Gabon budget, 43% of GDP, and 81% of exports. Oil production is now declining rapidly from its apogee of 370,000 barrels per day in 1997. In spite of the decreasing oil revenues, little planning has been done for an after-oil scenario. Gabon public expenditures from the years of significant oil revenues were not spent efficiently. Overspending on the Transgabonais railroad, the oil price shock of 1986, the franc CFA devaluation of 1994, and low oil prices in the late 1990s have caused serious debt problems. Gabon has earned a poor reputation with the Paris Club and the IMF for the management of its debt and revenues. Successive IMF missions have criticized the government for over-spending on off-budget items (in good years and bad), over-borrowing from the Central Bank, and slipping on the schedule for privatization and administrative reform. Gabon's oil revenues have given it a strong per capita GDP of more than $3,700, extremely high for the region. On the other hand, a skewed income distribution and poor social indicators are evident. Approximately five percent of the population receives over ninety percent of the income/wealth. The economy is highly dependent on extraction of abundant primary materials. After oil, logging and manganese mining are the other major sectors. Foreign and Gabonese observers have consistently lamented the lack of transformation of primary materials in the Gabonese economy. Various factors have so far stymied more diversification (small market of 1 million people, dependence on French imports, inability to capitalize on regional markets, lack of entrepreneurial zeal among the Gabonese, and the fairly regular stream of oil "rent"). The small processing and service sectors are largely dominated by just a few prominent local investors. At World Bank and IMF insistence, the government embarked on a program of privatization of its state-owned companies and administrative reform, including reducing public sector employment and salary growth, but progress has been slow. An 18-month Stand-By Arrangement between the government and the IMF expired in April 2002 without the government fulfilling most of its targets. DEFENSE Gabon has a small, professional military of about 8,000 personnel, divided into army, navy, air force, gendarmerie, and national police. Gabonese forces are oriented to the defense of the country and have not been trained for an offensive role. A well-trained, well-equipped 1,500-member guard provides security for the president. FOREIGN RELATIONS Gabon has followed a nonaligned policy, advocating dialogue in international affairs and recognizing both parts of divided countries. Since 1973, the number of countries establishing diplomatic relations with Gabon has doubled. In inter-African affairs, Gabon espouses development by evolution rather than revolution and favors regulated free enterprise as the system most likely to promote rapid economic growth. Concerned about stability in Central Africa and the potential for intervention, Gabon has been directly involved with mediation efforts in Chad, the Central African Republic, Angola, Congo/ Brazzaville, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Burundi. In December 1999, through the mediation efforts of President Bongo, a peace accord was signed in Congo/Brazzaville between the government and most leaders of an armed rebellion. President Bongo has remained involved in the continuing Congolese peace process. Gabon has been a strong proponent of regional stability, and Gabonese armed forces played an important role in the UN Peacekeeping Mission to the Central African Republic (MINURCA). Gabon is a member of the UN and some of its specialized and related agencies, as well as of the World Bank; the African Union (AU); the Central African Customs Union/Central African Economic and Monetary Community (UDEAC/CEMAC); EU association under Lome Convention; the Communaute Financiere Africaine (CFA); the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC); and the Nonaligned Movement. Gabon withdrew from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1995. U.S.-GABONESE RELATIONS Relations between the United States and Gabon are excellent. In 1987, President Bongo made an official visit to Washington, DC. In September 2002, Secretary of State Colin Powell made a brief but historic visit to Gabon to highlight environmental protection and conservation in the Central Africa region. The United States imports a considerable percentage of Gabonese crude oil and manganese and exports heavy construction equipment, aircraft, and machinery to Gabon. The major U.S. assistance program in Gabon is a Peace Corps contingent of about 65 volunteers who teach English, promote health programs, and provide environmental education. Through a modest International Military Education and Training program, the United States provides military training to members of the Gabonese armed forces each year. U.S. private capital has been attracted to Gabon since before its independence. Principal U.S. Officials AmbassadorKenneth P. Moorefield Deputy Chief of MissionSamuel C. Laeuchli Administrative OfficerBarbara Martin (as of 01/03) Economic/Commercial OfficerLaShandra Sullivan Public Diplomacy/Consular OfficerMoulik Berkana Political Officervacant Peace Corps DirectorChristine Djondo The U.S. Embassy is located on the Blvd. de la Mer, B.P. 4000, Libreville, Gabon (tel: 241-762-003/004; fax: 241- 745-507). TRAVEL AND BUSINESS INFORMATION The U.S. Department of State's Consular Information Program provides Consular Information Sheets, Travel Warnings, and Public Announcements. Consular Information Sheets exist for all countries and include information on entry requirements, currency regulations, health conditions, areas of instability, crime and security, political disturbances, and the addresses of the U.S. posts in the country. Travel Warnings are issued when the State Department recommends that Americans avoid travel to a certain country. Public Announcements are issued as a means to disseminate information quickly about terrorist threats and other relatively short-term conditions overseas which pose significant risks to the security of American travelers. Free copies of this information are available by calling the Bureau of Consular Affairs at 202-647-5225 or via the fax-on-demand system: 202-647-3000. Consular Information Sheets and Travel Warnings also are available on the Consular Affairs Internet home page: http://travel.state.gov. Consular Affairs Tips for Travelers publication series, which contain information on obtaining passports and planning a safe trip abroad are on the internet and hard copies can be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, telephone: 202-512-1800; fax 202-512-2250. Emergency information concerning Americans traveling abroad may be obtained from the Office of Overseas Citizens Services at (202) 647-5225. For after-hours emergencies, Sundays and holidays, call 202-647-4000. Passport information can be obtained by calling the National Passport Information Center's automated system ($.35 per minute) or live operators 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. (EST) Monday-Friday ($1.05 per minute). The number is 1-900-225-5674 (TDD: 1-900-225-7778). Major credit card users (for a flat rate of $4.95) may call 1-888-362-8668 (TDD: 1-888-498-3648). It also is available on the internet. Travelers can check the latest health information with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia. A hotline at 877-FYI-TRIP (877-394-8747) and a web site at http://www.cdc.gov/travel/index.htm give the most recent health advisories, immunization recommendations or requirements, and advice on food and drinking water safety for regions and countries. A booklet entitled Health Information for International Travel (HHS publication number CDC-95-8280) is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, tel. (202) 512-1800. Information on travel conditions, visa requirements, currency and customs regulations, legal holidays, and other items of interest to travelers also may be obtained before your departure from a country's embassy and/or consulates in the U.S. (for this country, see "Principal Government Officials" listing in this publication). U.S. citizens who are long-term visitors or traveling in dangerous areas are encouraged to register at the Consular section of the U.S. embassy upon arrival in a country by filling out a short form and sending in a copy of their passports. This may help family members contact you in case of an emergency. Further Electronic Information Department of State Web Site. Available on the Internet at http://state.gov, the Department of State web site provides timely, global access to official U.S. foreign policy information, including Background Notes; daily press briefings; Country Commercial Guides; directories of key officers of Foreign Service posts and more. National Trade Data Bank (NTDB). Operated by the U.S. Department of Commerce, the NTDB contains a wealth of trade-related information. It is available on the Internet (www.stat-usa.gov) and on CD-ROM. Call the NTDB Help-Line at (202) 482-1986 for more information. *********************************************************** See http://www.state.gov/r/pa/bgn/ for all Background notes ************************************************************ To change your subscription, go to http://www.state.gov/www/listservs_cms.html
Gabon (08/05) Rassemblement National Des BucheronsRassemblement pour le gabon In inter-African affairs, gabon espouses development by evolution rather than http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2826.htm
Background Notes: Gabon 1/97 Association Pour le Socialisme Au gabon (APSG2), Parti Social Democrat Approximately 12000 French nationals live in gabon todaymore than in http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/backgroundnotes/14.htm
French Colonies - Gabon gabon is a sparsely populated country on the west coast of Africa, CIA WorldFactbook gabon Extensive statistics on the region s geography, people, http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Gabon.shtml
Extractions: home boutique bookstore travel center ... help! Colonies France Paris Provinces Introduction: Colonies Algeria Cameroon Chad Comoros Cote d'Ivoire Crozet Islands Dahomey (Benin) French Equatorial Africa French Guiana French Guinea (Guinea) French Polynesia French Somaliland (Djibouti) French Sudan (Mali) French West Africa Gabon Guadeloupe Haiti Indochina Kerguelen Islands Louisiana Madagascar Martinique Mauritania Mayotte Middle Congo (Congo) Montserrat Morocco New Caledonia New France (Canada) Niger Pondicherry Reunion Rodrigues Senegal Seychelles St. Barthelemy St. Martin Terre Adelie Togo Tunisia Ubangi-Shari (Central Afr. Rep.) Upper Volta (Burkina Faso) Other Former Colonies Boutique Travel Center Site Map
Extractions: Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Early colonization French control Gabon since independence Additional Reading Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Gabon, history of Page 5 of 5 Additional Reading Early history is presented in David E. Gardinier French Colonial Studies Mondes et Cultures K. David Patterson The Northern Gabon Coast to 1875 (1975), examines the economic and political evolution of northern Gabon. Brian Weinstein Gabon: Nation-building on the Ogooue (1966), describes political development, especially from the 1940s to the early '60s.
Gabon - Gabon Translate this page ADH, Action Dignité Humaine, présente le gabon. ADH, Human Dignity Action, Genealogy.com Genealogy SiteFinder Places-Geographic, Africa - gabon http://www.adh-human-dignity-action.org/french/monde_et_plus/continents/mp_afriq
Extractions: Gabon Index tel - Phone index : Internet code : GA Immatriculation : Pays souverain - Sovereign country Capitale - Capitale Libreville Superficie ( km² ) - Area Population ( 1995 ) - Population Température °C hiver - Winter temperature Température °C été - Summer temperature Pluviométrie mm/an - Rain mm/year Heure locale - Local time GMT + 1 Monnaie - Currency Franc CFA Climatologie : Valeurs moyennes - Climatology : Mean values Libreville Jan - Jan Fév - Feb Mar - Mar Avr - Apr Mai - May Juin - Jun Juil - Jul Août - Aug Sep - Sep Oct - Oct Nov - Nov Déc - Dec
Who Does Historical Research In Gabon? le gabon de 1850 à 1929 commerce colonial et société autoclitone. Recherches sur I histoire de la frontiére nationale entre le gabon et le Congo le http://www.africa-research.org/templates/text\Gray94.htm
Extractions: It has been common practice over the years to preface any discussion of Gabonese history with remarks as to how little has been written on the subject. 1982 to 1991 is provided in an appendix. "Old Scrappers" and the First Professionals Notes dhistoire du Gabon during this period.[4] He continued an active intellectual life up to his death in 1968 at the age of 97. Though there exists an unpublished autobiography and some commentary on his work, a full-blown biography of this man's extraordinary life would be a very worthwhile project.[5] It draws on both oral and documentary sources and contains a number of key insights on the evolution of the Orungu and Nkomi kingdoms. It was published with no revisions in 1981, more than a decade after its completion and three years after Ambouroue-Avaro's death. Yves Person provided a brief forward to bring the work up to date. Despite the publishing delay, Ambouroue-Avaro's book remained an original and stimulating contribution to Gabonese history.[10] Sadly, he was not able to develop his promising career as a scholar. While a student in France, he apparently had some problems with the Gabonese regime and lost his government scholarship; he completed his studies at his own expense. Returning to Gabon in 1969
Congo - Brazzaville On The Internet The Bateke live in gabon, Congo (Brazzaville) and Congo (Kinshasa). Transparence,Bulletin Europeen d information sur le CongoBrazzaville http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/congob.html
Extractions: ENTRY REQUIREMENTS: A passport is required. A visa must be obtained in advance. Visas are not obtainable at the airport upon arrival. Travelers should obtain the latest information and details from the Embassy of Gabon, 2035 20th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009, telephone (202) 797-1000. Travelers may also contact the Gabonese Consulate at 18 East 41st St., Ninth Floor, New York, NY 10017, telephone (212) 686-6720. Overseas inquiries should be made to the nearest Gabonese Embassy or Consulate. REGISTRATION/EMBASSY LOCATION: Americans living in or visiting Gabon are encouraged to register at the Consular Section of the U.S. Embassy in Gabon and obtain updated information on travel and security within Gabon. The U.S. Embassy is located on Boulevard de la Mer in Libreville. The mailing address is B.P. 4000, Libreville, Gabon. The telephone numbers are (241) 762-003/4 or 743-492.
Education history, geography of the Bateke who live in gabon, CongoBrazzaville, Includes a list of theses, one on gabon, completed at U. Paris II http://www.siftthru.com/gabeduc.htm
News English Version gabon interactif! presents the country gabon and the whole le Monde Diplomatique (Paris) Small number of older news stories in French. http://www.siftthru.com/gabnews.htm
Pays / Afrique / Gabon Translate this page Strategic Road - Your strategic watch in gabon - Votre veille strategique au gabon . Chercher sur le web ou dans le site http://www.strategic-road.com/pays/afrique/gabon01.htm
MavicaNET - Africa geography Africa 386. Politics Africa 31. Travel Africa 518 Consigli,le foto, i diari di viaggio, i compagni di viaggio, le compagnie aeree, http://www.mavicanet.ru/lite/eng/10075.html
Extractions: Stats: links: , categories: , languages supported: MavicaNet - Classic Home About us Help ... Editor's login Belarusian Bulgarian Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Latvian Lithuanian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian (cyr.) Serbian (lat.) Slovak Spanish Swedish Turkish Ukrainian Advanced search Catalog Regional / Africa African Cultures Mass Media: Africa Economy: Africa Museums and Exhibitions: Africa ... Nigeria See also sort by Title Quality Rating Language ... Alberto e Carolina
World Life Expectancy Chart Country, 2000 le, 1998 le. Afghanistan, 45.9, 46.8. Albania, 71.6, 68.6 Visit the geography Forum to discuss life expectancy or any geographical topic. http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa042000b.htm
Extractions: zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Geography Homework Help ... Help w(' ');zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); Sign Up Now for the Geography newsletter! See Online Courses Search Geography This chart provides the 2000 and 1998 average life expectancies for both sexes in each country of the world. The data comes from the U.S. Census Bureau's International Data Base . The top and bottom three countries are highlighted. Read my article about life expectancy to learn more about what these numbers mean. Country 2000 L.E. 1998 L.E. Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan The Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo, Republic of the
Michel Le Cornec* But one needs a common front integrating the entire geographic zone, One ofthe examples is given by gabon and the Equatorial Guinea that have a dispute http://www.african-geopolitics.org/show.aspx?ArticleId=3688
Worldwide English Travel Abroad Country Information For Gabon Worldwide English travel abroad country information for gabon. RassemblementNational Des BucheronsRassemblement pour le gabon (RNB-RPG8), http://internationaleflcafe.com/worldwide-english-travel-abroad-country-informat
Comoran Geography | Comoros' Geography | Comoros Geography Elevation extremes lowest point Indian Ocean 0 m highest point le Kartala geography note important location at northern end of Mozambique Channel http://www.travelblog.org/World/cn-geog.html
Extractions: Travel Blog About TravelBlog World Facts Latest Travel Journals ... Comoros Select a country Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua and Barbuda Arctic Ocean Argentina Armenia Aruba Ashmore and Cartier Islands Atlantic Ocean Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas, The Bahrain Baker Island Bangladesh Barbados Bassas da India Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Bouvet Island Brazil British Indian Ocean Territory British Virgin Islands Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burma Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Christmas Island Clipperton Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Cook Islands Coral Sea Islands Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europa Island Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia French Southern and Antarctic Lands Gabon Gambia, The
Gabon - Search Engine & Directory Fields World Records World Dictionary Geographic Names Administrative division Woyaa! Français le guide internet de gabon http://www.exxun.com/Gabon/n_se.html
