Extractions: Finland Finland Parliament building, Helsinki SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT of its present system of government in 1919, Finland has been one of the more fortunate members of the Western community of democratic nations. Compared with other European states, the country was only moderately affected by the political turmoil of the interwar period; it passed through World War II relatively unscathed; and, although right on the line that divided Europe into two hostile blocs after the second half of the 1940s, it survived as an independent nation with its democratic institutions intact. This enviable record was achieved against formidable odds. Although the constitutional basis of their government grew out of long-established institutions, Finns had never been fully free to govern themselves until late 1917 when they achieved national independence. Swedish and Russian rulers had always ultimately determined their affairs. Finnish society was also marked by deep fissures that became deeper after the brief civil war (1918), which left scars that needed several generations to heal. In addition to class and political divisions, the country also had to contend with regional and linguistic differences. These problems were eventually surmounted, and by the 1980s the watchword in Finnish politics was consensus. A constitutional system that was conservative in nature had allowed these parties to work together, yet within constraints that permitted no single group to usurp the rights of another. Nevertheless, the variety of parties had made it very difficult to put together coalitions that could attain the strict qualified majorities needed to effect fundamental changes. Only since the second half of the 1960s had it been possible, though at times difficult, to find a broad enough multiparty consensus.
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Extractions: Finland has a mixed presidential/parliamentary system with executive powers divided between the president, who has primary responsibility for national security and foreign affairs, and the prime minister, who has primary responsibility for all other areas. Constitutional changes made in the late 1980s strengthened the prime ministerwho must enjoy the confidence of the parliament (Eduskunta)at the expense of the president. Finland's 1995 accession to the European Union (EU) has blurred the line between foreign and domestic policy; the respective roles of the president and prime minister are evolving, and plans are under consideration to rewrite the constitution to clarify these and other issues. For instance, the prime minister has now been given responsibility for EU relations. Finns enjoy individual and political freedoms, and suffrage is universal at 18. The country's population is relatively ethnically homogeneous. Immigration to Finland has significantly increased over the past decade, although the foreign-born population, estimated at only 2% of the total population, is still much lower than in any other EU country. Few tensions exist between the Finnish-speaking majority and the Swedish-speaking minority.
Extractions: local long form: Suomen Tasavalta Government type: republic Capital: Helsinki Administrative divisions: 6 provinces (laanit, singular - laani); Aland, Etela-Suomen Laani, Ita-Suomen Laani, Lansi-Suomen Laani, Lappi, Oulun Laani Independence: 6 December 1917 (from Russia) National holiday: Independence Day, 6 December (1917) Constitution: 1 March 2000 Legal system: civil law system based on Swedish law; the president may request the Supreme Court to review laws; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000)
Finland - Government And Politics finland Table of Contents. SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT of its present system ofgovernment in 1919, finland has been one of the more fortunate members of the http://countrystudies.us/finland/110.htm
Extractions: Government and Politics Finland Table of Contents SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT of its present system of government in 1919, Finland has been one of the more fortunate members of the Western community of democratic nations. Compared with other European states, the country was only moderately affected by the political turmoil of the interwar period; it passed through World War II relatively unscathed; and, although right on the line that divided Europe into two hostile blocs after the second half of the 1940s, it survived as an independent nation with its democratic institutions intact. This enviable record was achieved against formidable odds. Although the constitutional basis of their government grew out of long-established institutions, Finns had never been fully free to govern themselves until late 1917 when they achieved national independence. Swedish and Russian rulers had always ultimately determined their affairs. Finnish society was also marked by deep fissures that became deeper after the brief civil war (1918), which left scars that needed several generations to heal. In addition to class and political divisions, the country also had to contend with regional and linguistic differences. These problems were eventually surmounted, and by the 1980s the watchword in Finnish politics was consensus. A constitutional system that was conservative in nature had allowed these parties to work together, yet within constraints that permitted no single group to usurp the rights of another. Nevertheless, the variety of parties had made it very difficult to put together coalitions that could attain the strict qualified majorities needed to effect fundamental changes. Only since the second half of the 1960s had it been possible, though at times difficult, to find a broad enough multiparty consensus.
Finland - GOVERNMENT finland s government structure has remained largely unchanged since it was finland s tradition of local selfgovernment, which predates the arrival of http://www.mongabay.com/reference/country_studies/finland/GOVERNMENT.html
Extractions: COUNTRY STUDIES SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT of its present system of government in 1919, Finland has been one of the more fortunate members of the Western community of democratic nations. Compared with other European states, the country was only moderately affected by the political turmoil of the interwar period; it passed through World War II relatively unscathed; and, although right on the line that divided Europe into two hostile blocs after the second half of the 1940s, it survived as an independent nation with its democratic institutions intact. This enviable record was achieved against formidable odds. Although the constitutional basis of their government grew out of long-established institutions, Finns had never been fully free to govern themselves until late 1917 when they achieved national independence. Swedish and Russian rulers had always ultimately determined their affairs. Finnish society was also marked by deep fissures that became deeper after the brief civil war (1918), which left scars that needed several generations to heal. In addition to class and political divisions, the country also had to contend with regional and linguistic differences. These problems were eventually surmounted, and by the 1980s the watchword in Finnish politics was consensus. A constitutional system that was conservative in nature had allowed these parties to work together, yet within constraints that permitted no single group to usurp the rights of another. Nevertheless, the variety of parties had made it very difficult to put together coalitions that could attain the strict qualified majorities needed to effect fundamental changes. Only since the second half of the 1960s had it been possible, though at times difficult, to find a broad enough multiparty consensus.
Finland- Government government. MANNERHEIM, Carl Gustav Emil Freiherr von (RK m. EL) (1867 1951) 1941 as Marshal of finland and Commander-in-Chief, Finnish Army http://www.geocities.com/~orion47/FINLAND/FinlandGovt.html
Gigablast Search Results Official Ministry of Social Affairs and Health in finland site. Health, insurance,social insurance The official site for the government and ministries. http://dir.gigablast.com/Regional/Europe/Finland/Government/
Finland - GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS finland. government AND POLITICS. government Constitution Act of 1919 basis ofsystem of government both parliamentary and presidential. http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-4562.html
Extractions: Country Listing Finland Table of Contents Government: Constitution Act of 1919 basis of system of government both parliamentary and presidential. Division of power among legislative, executive, and judicial branches only partial, and resulting overlapping of competencies ensures that authorities act according to Constitution. Supreme power rests with the Finnish people, who elect through universal suffrage 200-member Eduskunta, country's parliament. This body ultimately more powerful than president, the supreme executive, who often can act only through Council of State, or cabinet, whose members come mainly from Eduskunta. Politics: As many as a dozen parties actively articulate wide range of political viewpoints. Smaller number of parties, socialist and nonsocialist, have participated in cabinet governments in the postwar era. All parties with members in Eduskunta receive state subsidies. Party newspapers also enjoy state financial support. Legal System: Independent judges and constitutional guarantees protect integrity of judicial system consisting of general courts that deal with civil and criminal cases and administrative courts concerned with appeals against decisions of government agencies. General courts exist at three levels: local, appeal, and Supreme Court; administrative courts exist at provincial and Supreme Administrative Court levels. Chancellor of justice, Finland's highest prosecutor, and parliamentary ombudsman charged with rectifying legal injustice.
Extractions: Information about Statistics Description of statistics Description of statistics Producer Statistics Finland Sectors of state admnistration, social policy objective category. Annually since 2003. In February of the statistical year. Since 1995, Revisions of definitions and calculation methods affect the comparability of the time series. Name: Luhtala, Tero
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Suomen Hallitus | Finland's Government A Finnish site by a FinnishAmerican Finnish language, history, culture, bothin finland in emigrant communities. http://www.henkimaa.nu/finndex/hallitus/
Extractions: International See also Finland is a sovereign republic governed as a parliamentary democracy. Further background on Finland's Constitution and government is available through the portion of Virtual Finland Suomen perustuslaki Finlands grundlag Constitution of Finland The new Constitution of Finland entered into force on 1 March 2000, and is the cornerstone of all legislation and exercises of public power in Finland. The new Constitution is based on four old constitutional acts: the Constitution Act of Finland, the Parliament Act and two acts on ministerial liability. This Ministry of Justice website provides the text of the Constitution in English and other languages, as well as a history, The Finnish System of Government: From a Mixed Constitution to Parliamentarism by Jaakko Nousiainen, and a booklet explaining the Constitution's provisions.
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EUbusiness - Finland In The EU 200402-18 170122 finland s government on Wednesday withdrew a 2004-01-15181230 finland s government tabled a bill on Thursday that would prevent http://www.eubusiness.com/topics/Finland/index_html?b_start:int=40
The Finnish Government Austrian Foreign Minister Ursula Plassnik visits finland The Finnish Governmenttoday, on 21 July, decided that border checks at finland s internal http://www.government.fi/