DNA Collection Method DNA COLLECTION METHOD http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126
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CrimTrac - DNA CrimTrac s new National criminal investigation dna Database will offer Australia s legislation governing the collection and matching of dna profiles. http://www.crimtrac.gov.au/dna.htm
Extractions: DNA profiling is the single most important advance in police investigation techniques since the development of fingerprint classification systems in the late nineteenth century. CrimTrac's new National Criminal Investigation DNA Database will offer Australia's police services the enhanced ability to solve more crimes more quickly. DNA - short for Deoxyribonucleic Acid(pronounced 'Dee-ox-ee-rye-bo-new-klee-ic Acid') - is the blueprint for life. It is a very long molecule that carries genetic information that governs a person's physical characteristics. Each individual inherits half their DNA from their mother and the other half from their father. With the exception of identical twins, no two individuals share the same DNA sequence. DNA is found in the nucleus of every cell in the body except red blood cells and is the same throughout the body. That is, for any individual, the DNA sequence recovered from white blood cells is identical to that found in other tissues, bones or bodily fluids. There are many regions of DNA molecules that do not hold any known genetic information, but that vary enormously from person to person. These are called non-coding or 'junk' DNA, and are used by forensic scientists to distinguish between individuals. Junk DNA cannot be used to build up a physical picture of an individual, or identify race or age.
Extractions: The BCCLA recognizes and supports the aim of amending the Criminal Code and the Identification of Criminals Act to allow law enforcement authorities to obtain a warrant to collect DNA samples from suspects in serious crimes, to demand DNA from those arrested for serious crimes, and to bank DNA information for legitimate law enforcement purposes. Framing policies and procedures to institute these practices and to identify their limits is a matter of some urgency, both because of the potential value of DNA printing as a law enforcement tool and because of the civil liberties issues that these practices raise. This brief is an attempt to put these issues in perspective and to make recommendations for policy that will put law enforcement and civil liberties interests in balance. DNA samples are now most frequently analyzed in North America by a technique called restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). For each sample, a DNA sequence from the same chromosomal region is cut, and a stain or picture of it is produced, which is called an autoradiograph. Autoradiographs look like bar codes. These are visually compared to discover if the patterns of DNA are identical. This process is typically repeated four other times for different chromosomal regions of the DNA molecule. If the DNA patterns for each of the five chromosomal regions are identical, a match has been found. The confidence that the two samples have been correctly matched (that they came from the same person) depends on the quality of the samples and the stringency with which the tests were applied. If there is a discrepancy in any of the five samples, the tissue samples did not come from the same person.
Iowa Division Of Criminal Investigation - DNA Profiling Section dna Evidence collection at Crime Scenes is a pdf file containing information fromthe Division of criminal investigation, criminalistics Laboratory at http://www.state.ia.us/government/dps/dci/lab/dna/
Extractions: Job Opportunities The DCI DNA Profiling Section. The DNA Profiling Section provides examinations to law enforcement agencies at no cost. Items from criminal cases are examined for the presence of human DNA. DNA can be found in biological fluids, tissues and bones of the body. If DNA profiles are obtained from samples in question, comparisons may be made to known DNA profiles from individuals believed to be involved. The DNA Profiling Section also determines the DNA profiles of convicted offenders and stores their profiles in a computer database. Comparisons are made between the profiles found in the convicted offender database and the profiles obtained from criminal cases where no suspect has been identified. What is DNA? DNA is an acronym for the genetic material deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is found in all nucleated cells of the body. The DNA humans receive from their parents is unique with the exception of identical twins. The DNA found in an individual's blood is the same DNA that is found in their saliva, tissue, bone, etc. What is DNA testing?
Extractions: November 2000 The Crimes Amendment (Forensic Procedures) Bill 2000 (the Amendment Bill) will enable Commonwealth law enforcement agencies to collect DNA samples from individuals in relation to Commonwealth offences. One of the primary purposes of the Amendment Bill is to assist with the establishment of a national DNA database as part of the CrimTrac initiative. Crimtrac is a national criminal investigation system being established by the Commonwealth Government, in co-operation with State and Territory Governments, which will facilitate the exchange of information between jurisdictions and the use of new investigative techniques such as DNA testing for the purpose of criminal investigation. Because the Amendment Bill will only govern the Commonwealth component of the national DNA database, the adequacy of its privacy and accountability safeguards cannot be considered in isolation from the legislative and administrative framework of the DNA system as a whole. In particular, the protection of individual rights in the national DNA system will depend on the enactment of nationally consistent forensic procedures legislation by all States and Territories. The system will also need to be capable of independent third party oversight, including from a privacy perspective. The CrimTrac Agency, which will manage the DNA database, is a Commonwealth agency that is subject to the
Genetic Privacy Act: File 7 to the purpose of matching dna samples in criminal investigations; and collection AND ANALYSIS OF dna SAMPLES PURSUANT TO COURT ORDERED ANALYSIS http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/resource/privacy/privacy7.htm
Extractions: Sec. 121. IDENTIFICATION OF DEAD BODIES Not withstanding any other provisions of this Act, a person may provide access to an individually identifiable DNA sample, or to data derived from DNA typing, to assist in the identification of a dead body, provided further that the analysis of any sample so provided and the analysis of a DNA sample from the dead body is limited to that which is necessary to determine the identity of the dead body. Sec. 122. IDENTIFICATION FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT PURPOSES. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prohibit federal, state or local law enforcement authorities from collecting, storing or typing DNA samples, when:
Extractions: As NSW Privacy Commissioner, I have had a strong interest in the passage of the Crimes (Forensic Procedures) Act 2000 (NSW) and in subsequent reviews of this legislation firstly by the NSW Legislative Council's Standing Committee on Law and Justice and secondly the ongoing review by the NSW Ombudsman. I recommend that your Review Committee gives special consideration to the Standing Committee's Report published in July 2002 and available on the New South Wales Parliament web site. In my task of monitoring the enactment and operation of NSW forensic legislation, some reference to the equivalent Commonwealth legislation is inescapable. This arises from the legislatively regulated use of DNA Databases, including the National DNA Database, the sharing between jurisdictions of information about DNA samples and results more generally, and the priority being given to harmonising uniform forensic legislation which incorporates safeguards to deal with the special challenges of collecting and using DNA evidence.
Extractions: Contributions to relief efforts in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11 come in many forms-including rare expertise. SAIC expertise helps ease suffering Knowing that their expertise could help ease a little of the suffering of family and friends of those lost in the attacks, SAIC's CODIS staff decided to contribute their services free of charge to the state and city of New York. SAIC experts donated their services to modify and enhance portions of CODIS software to match the DNA from victims of the attack with DNA from their relatives. The collapse of the twin towers of the World Trade Center resulted in the loss of more than 3,000 people. For the grieving family and friends of those lost, positive identification of their loved ones is needed before healing can truly begin. Moving millions of tons of wreckage calls for heavy equipment and expert handling of massive amounts of rubble. Identifying a person from a sample of remains that have been degraded by fire, water and time calls for technology and expertise that use the chemical patterns hidden within a cell. That's why the New York Medical Examiner's Office is using DNA profiles to identify victims of the World Trade Center attack. Sequences of paired chemicals within the DNA in each cell of a person's body can be used to distinguish one person from another. A virtually unique pattern, formed by looking at certain sequences, creates a DNA profile. In order to compare and match profiles to establish identity, the DNA profile data has to be entered into a computer system.
News@Home and intelligence are pillars indispensable to effective criminal investigation.dna matching is one of the forensic tools at the disposal of the Police. http://www2.mha.gov.sg/mha/detailed.jsp?artid=1105&type=4&root=0&parent=0&cat=0
Extractions: on the New York State DNA Data Bank by James A. Gilmer and David J. van Alstyne Table of Contents NOTE FROM THE DIRECTOR This DCJS study represents the first comprehensive review of hits on the New York State DNA Data Bank in which DNA recovered through forensic methods successfully linked offenders to their crimes. Deployment of this new and powerful forensic tool required stringent adherence to scientific standards. As important, though, is the capacity to assess the ability of the DNA Data Bank in bringing about appropriate criminal justice outcomes. Routinely assessing the outcomes of DNA hits will require joining information across systems. Better integrated information, in turn, will enable more innovative uses of forensic DNA technology to attack crime in ways never before contemplated. Katherine N. Lapp
WHO DONE IT? Include pictures of dna sequences that can be used to practice matching bp patterns . interview with someone in the field of criminal investigation http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEPC/WWC/1993/who.html
Extractions: 1993 Woodrow Wilson Biology Institute Cooperative learning Writing skills Organizational skills Data collection Problem solving Techniques involved in DNA analysis, blood typing, fingerprinting, skeletal anatomy, chromatography, soil and textile analysis, spectrophotometry Grades 6-12 Minimum of 3 hours but could be expanded to a week or more Materials may be as simple as a labeled diagram of the skeleton for bone identification or as complex as a gel electrophoresis setup Depends on activities selected. Check state guidelines concerning use of body fluids Varies with activities selected. Advance preparation must be made to set up mystery components, expert witness folders, suspect file, and rules for data collection and arrest Everyone loves a mystery, so put your students to work using various scientific methods to solve a murder or series of murders. This highly variable activity can be structured to your number of players, time limits, grade level, materials, etc. Solving a murder requires utilization of critical thinking skills that will integrate several science disciplines and flow across the curriculum. Teams investigate evidence from which they must build a logical case to implicate one of several possible suspects. Give students as little direction as possible beyond the original data so they may experience science through discovery.
