Astrophysics Notes Course Outline for PHYS4901 Special Topics Stellar Astrophysics and Cosmology. This starts with the observational evidence for the bigbang and http://www.physics.carleton.ca/~watson/LinR_course/Astro_physics_intro.html
Extractions: I can't think of a better inspiration to do a course in astrophysics! The course will be offered as a reading course during the fall term, (i.e. Sept-Dec. 2005). However, to maximise the flexibility for students, I will provide a complete set of assignments in Sept. The course will consist of two almost unrelated topics, which probably represent the most interesting aspects of current research: stellar astrophysics and cosmology. In both cases, the real interest is the link between small scale physics (i.e. particle physics) and the large scale. The main point of this part of the course is to get a quantitative understanding of the various stages in a starâs life, including protostars, main sequence and endpoints. This starts with the observational evidence for the big-bang and discusses it in the context of a non-relativistic model. The final part is an introduction to general relativity using heuristic methods to derive the important results for cosmology. it will end up with a discussion of dark matter and dark energy
Extractions: Title: ``Big Bang" for NASA's Buck: Nearly Three Years of EUVE Mission Operations at UCB Authors: Stroozas, B. A. Nevitt, R. McDonald, K. E. Cullison, J. ... Malina, R. F. Affiliation: AA(Center for EUV Astrophysics, UC, Berkeley), AB(Center for EUV Astrophysics, UC, Berkeley), AC(Center for EUV Astrophysics, UC, Berkeley), AD(Center for EUV Astrophysics, UC, Berkeley), AE(Center for EUV Astrophysics, UC, Berkeley) Journal: American Astronomical Society, 195th AAS Meeting, #82.05; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 31, p.1495 Publication Date: Origin: AAS (c) 1999: American Astronomical Society Bibliographic Code: Abstract Bibtex entry for this abstract Preferred format for this abstract (see Preferences) Use: Authors Title Abstract Text Return: Query Results Return items starting with number Query Form Database: Astronomy/Planetary Instrumentation Physics/Geophysics arXiv e-prints
1997 Journal Of Astrophysics And Astronomy Special issue big bang and Alternative Cosmologies A Critical Appraisal Constraints on big bang Models from Structure Formation T. Padmanabhan http://www.ias.ac.in/j_archive/jaa/18/vol18contents.html
Extractions: Chromospheric Evolution and the Flare Activity of Super-Active Region NOAA 6555 On the Role of Nonthermal Electrons in EUV and X-ray Line Emissions from Solar Flares Ejections of Population III Objects Seen as Blueshifted QSOs Inverse Compton Scattering Revisited T. Padmanabhan On the Polarisation and Emission Geometry of Pulsar 1929+10: Does its Emission Come from a Single Pole or Two Poles? Intergalactic UV Background Radiation Field H a Emission from Late Type Be Stars The effective technique of the charged particles background discrimination in the atmospheric Cherenkov light detectors Radial Velocities and DDO BV Volume 18, Number 4, 1997 Special issue Big Bang and Alternative Cosmologies: A Critical Appraisal Preface C. N. R. Rao
Astronomy And Astrophysics In The New Millennium The current survey, authored by the Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee, During the first billion years after the big bang, galaxies and galaxy http://www.nas.edu/bpa2/tier2text/astronomy.htm
Extractions: Astronomers Explore The Universe Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millennium is the most recent in a series of surveys of the field conducted once every 10 years by committees of leading astronomers. The current survey, authored by the Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee, provides recommendations for a research program for the decade that addresses the key scientific questions confronting astronomers and astrophysicists today. The explosion of knowledge in recent years, made possible by current facilities, has in turn raised a wealth of intriguing new questions about the universe and its constituent galaxies, stars, and planets. To answer them, astronomers will need a diverse array of increasingly capable 21st-century tools. Current challenges in astronomy and astrophysics, and the research initiatives that the survey report recommends to address them (see high-priority projects in astronomy and astrophysics), are the subject of this web site. One cannot, of course, predict what astronomers will tell us in the year 3000 A.D., or even in 2100 A.D. For the foreseeable future of the next few decades, we can, however, summarize the defining issues for astronomy and astrophysics by posing five fundamental questions:
Cosmological Applications Of STM Theory The Structure of the big bang from HigherDimensional Embeddings The big-bang as a Higher-Dimensional Shockwave , Astronomy Astrophysics, 358425. http://astro.uwaterloo.ca/~wesson/publications/cosmo.htm
Extractions: T. Liko and P.S. Wesson (2003). "The Big Bang as a Phase Transition," [ gr-qc/0320067 B. Wang, H. Liu and L. Xu (2003). "Accelerating Universe in a Big-Bounce Model." [ gr-qc/0304093 L. Xu, H. Liu and B. Wang (2003). "Big-Bounce Singularity of a Simple 5D Cosmological Model," Chinese Physics Letters gr-qc/0304049 P. Halpern (2003). "The Mixmaster Universe in Five Dimensions," General Relativity and Gravitation gr-qc/0207056 P. Halpern (2002). "Exact Solutions of Five-Dimensional Anisotropic Cosmologies," Physical Review gr-qc/0203055 S. S. Seahra and P. S. Wesson (2002). "The Structure of the Big Bang from Higher-Dimensional Embeddings", Classical and Quantum Gravity gr-qc/0202010 P. S. Wesson and S. S. Seahra (2001). "Images of the Big Bang", Astrophysical Journal P. Halpern (2001). "The Behaviour of Kasner Cosmologies With Induced Matter", Physical Review D gr-qc/0010090 H. Liu and P. S. Wesson (2001). "Universe Models With a Variable Cosmological 'Constant' and a 'Big Bounce'"
Documents For An Access Point 4, Barry Parker, Vindication of the big bang Breakthroughs and barriers Title, big bang and other explosions in nuclear and practicle astrophysics http://libibm.iucaa.ernet.in/slim/wslxRSLT.php?A1=3161
Extractions: Science News e-LETTER. ... Week of April 28, 2001; Vol. 159, No. 17 Ron Cowen Two experiments examining the detailed structure of the cosmic microwave background, the relic radiation from the Big Bang, have confirmed the basic model of how cosmologists believe the universe evolved. Further Readings: Cowen, R. 2000. More evidence of a flat universe. Science News 157(June 3):363. . 2000. Balloon sounds out early universe. Science News 157(April 29):276. Available at http://www.sciencenews.org/20000429/fob1.asp Masi, S.,. . .and J. Ruhl. In press. High latitude galactic dust emission in the BOOMERanG maps. Astrophysical Journal Sources: John E. Carlstrom
Extractions: Week of Sept. 28, 2002; Vol. 162, No. 13 , p. 195 Ron Cowen The latest observations of the cosmic microwave background, the faint glow left over from the Big Bang, are giving cosmologists quite a turn. PRIMORDIAL MAP. The intensity and polarization of the cosmic-microwave-background radiation recorded by the Degree Angular Scale Interferometer. Among the tiny variations in temperature, yellow is hottest and red is coldest. Each black line's length represents strength of polarization at a location; its orientation reflects direction. DASI Collaboration Revealing for the first time that microwave-background photons from adjacent patches of the sky vibrate in slightly different directions, the discovery confirms that by studying that background "we really are observing the universe as it was about 300,000 years after the Big Bang," says theorist Wayne Hu of the University of Chicago. The finding verifies that just about everything astronomers thought they understood about the early universe and the emergence of galaxies is likely to be true, he adds. Had astronomers not detected the polarization, "we would have had to go back to the drawing board" regarding our theories about the universe, says John E. Carlstrom of the University of Chicago. He led the new study of the cosmic microwave background and announced the results last week at the Cosmo-02 meeting in Chicago.
Physical Sciences in the universe and other puzzles in nuclear astrophysics. The standard big bang model, which assumes that matter was uniformly distributed in the early http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev29-12/text/physical.htm
Extractions: RNL physicists in the Physics Division investigate fundamental properties of matter at the atomic, nuclear, and subnuclear level. They develop experimental devices in support of studies in atomic, nuclear, and high-energy physics. The Physics Division operates four experimental facilities: the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator, used to measure neutron cross sections to help resolve issues in nuclear astrophysics; the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) , which is being prepared for the first experiments using radioactive ion beams later this year; the EN-Tandem Accelerator, and the recently upgraded Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source Facility. The latter two are operated in support of the atomic physics research community. The experimental nuclear physics program emphasizes use of heavy ions to probe structure of heavy nuclei and address questions in nuclear astrophysics. Our physicists conduct their research here and at accelerator facilities around the world, including the Super Proton Synchrotron at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) Atomic physicists conduct channeling and energy-loss experiments, study charge change in projectile beams at ultrarelativistic energies, and perform research in support of the fusion energy program. Theoretical physicists work in support of experimental physics to predict outcomes and better understand results.
Astronomy Astrophysics - Physics Division Colloquium 13 Apr 1990, John P. Huchra, Harvard Smithsonian Center for AStrophysics, 7 Dec 1990, Michael S. Turner, Fermilab, big bang Nucleosynthesis Nuclear http://www.phy.anl.gov/div/col/classified/astro.html
Extractions: 31 Oct 1980 G. J. Wasserburg , Caltech, Extinct Radioactivities and isotopic anomalies in the early solar system 16 Jan 1981 C. Rolfs , Muenster and Ohio State, The solar neutrino problem- or is it? 30 Jan 1981 E. B. Norman , Washington U., 26Al and 180Ta: two puzzles in nuclear astrophysics 13 Mar 1981 Edward C. Stone , Caltech, The Voyager encouter with Saturn 3 Apr 1981 W. Press , Harvard, Sunny weather - nonlinear hydrodynamics deep in the sun 24 Apr 1981 R. Geroch , Chicago, Distorted black holes 16 Apr 1982 J. S. Gallagher , U. of Illinois, Urbana, Confrontation between Galaxy Evolution Models and the Observations 15 Oct 1982 H. Hill , Arizona, Testing general relativity - a helio-seismological determination of the gravitational quadrupole moment of the sun 3 Dec 1982 David N. Schramm , U. of Chicago, The Very Early Universe 18 Feb 1983 Michael S. Turner , Chicago, Cosmology 25 Mar 1983 R. N. Clayton , Chicago, Isotopic Tracers and Clocks in Meteorites 8 Apr 1983 W. Ockels , European Space Agency, Spacelab I - The European Laboratory to be flown with the U. S. Space Shuttle
Nuclearastro Nuclear astrophysics. The objective of this research program is to investigate nuclear Ongoing work in this area involves bigbang nucleosynthesis, http://www.phy.anl.gov/theory/research/nuclastro.html
Extractions: The objective of this research program is to investigate nuclear processes that take place in stars, in the big bang, and in interstellar and intergalactic space. Nuclear phenomena are ubiquitous in the universe. The stars shine by nuclear energy, and the chemical compositions observed in the solar system and elsewhere are the results of nuclear processes that occurred in the big bang and inside the several generations of stars that have formed since then. Many astrophysical phenomena may only be understood by a combination of nuclear physics with methods more familiar to astrophysicists. A particularly important problem is to determine rates for the nuclear reactions that occur in astrophysical environments. We have applied advances in the theoretical descriptions of light nuclei to compute cross sections important for big-bang nucleosynthesis and the solar neutrino flux. This work continues in close connection with our other work on light nuclei, and the main goals at present are to improve the wave functions and computational methods. There are many applications (for example, the rapid neutron capture process) where large contributions from theoretical nuclear physics particularly masses and cross sections will always be necessary as input, and we maintain research interests in these areas. Understanding nucleosynthesis and energy generation in a particular astrophysical environment requires calculations of nuclear reaction networks. Even for cases in which the detailed astrophysical phenomena can only be understood from difficult calculations coupling a reaction network and hydrodynamics, simpler network calculations can identify the crucial reactions and other nuclear properties to be determined by more detailed theoretical and experimental work. Ongoing work in this area involves big-bang nucleosynthesis, nuclear burning in low-mass stars, and photon-nucleus reactions in high-energy cosmic rays.
Department Of Physics - Brown University Like the universe itself, the cosmology and astrophysics program at Brown is relict light formed 300000 years after the big bang, provides precision http://www.physics.brown.edu/research/detail.asp?id=1
Extractions: HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... Order this book! This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by FABER, S. M. Related Collections Cosmology Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences In the year 1900, humanity had barely a notion of our place on the cosmic stage, and no inkling at all of how we got here. The one hundred short years of the twentieth century sufficed to unravel 14 billion years of cosmic history and how those grand events, after 9 billions of years or so, set the stage for the birth of our own home, the Solar System. The key events
[astro-ph/0504501] From Little Bangs To The Big Bang Astrophysics, abstract astroph/0504501. From John Ellis view email Date Fri, From Little bangs to the big bang. Authors John Ellis http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0504501
Extractions: The `Little Bangs' made in particle collider experiments reproduce the conditions in the Big Bang when the age of the Universe was a fraction of a second. It is thought that matter was generated, the structures in the Universe were formed and cold dark matter froze out during this very early epoch when the equation of state of the Universe was dominated by the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Future Little Bangs may reveal the mechanism of matter generation and the nature of cold dark matter. Knowledge of the QGP will be an essential ingredient in quantitative understanding of the very early Universe. References and citations for this submission:
EBooks.com The World's Leading Source Of EBooks You have selected the subject of Astrophysics Space Science. The big bang Theory What It Is, Where It Came From, and Why It Works By Fox, Karen C. http://usa1.ebooks.com/subjects/browse.asp?SID=580
Extractions: Distant galaxies As we look back over 2000 years of astrophysics, we see two enormous peaks of scientific achievement. One is at the beginning of the epoch - the Greek world of Aristotle, Aristarchus and Ptolemy. The other peak is where we are standing now. The achievements in this century, and particularly during the last 50 years, have been immense. Around 330 BC Aristotle recognized that the Sun and Moon are spheres, and that their orbits around the Earth are circular. He showed that the movements of the planets could be constructed from a combination of several circular motions. But after carefully considering the idea that the Sun was at the centre of the orbits, he opted for the Earth as the centre of the solar system. Aristotle correctly explained eclipses of the Sun and Moon, and deduced that the Earth was spherical from its shadow on the Moon. He even made a fair estimate of the Earth's radius. Moreover, he recognized that the stars must be very distant and argued that they too were spherical. He also postulated that they were distributed over a range of distances.
Extractions: Sir Fred Hoyle, one of the most creative and provocative astrophysicists of the last half century, who helped explain how the heavier elements were formed and gave the name Big Bang, meant to be derisive, to the theory of cosmic origin he vehemently opposed, died on Monday in Bournemouth, England. He was 86 and lived in Bournemouth. He suffered a severe stroke last month and never recovered, said Dr. Geoffrey Burbidge, an astrophysicist at the University of California at San Diego who had collaborated with Dr. Hoyle on many research projects. "Fred was probably the most creative and original person in astrophysics after World War II," Dr. Burbidge said. Dr. Virginia Trimble, an astrophysicist at the University of California at Irvine, said that Dr. Hoyle's opposition to the Big Bang, while considered a mistake, "was significant in that it went a long way toward making cosmology a true science" in which competing theories were tested by observations. A versatile scientist brimming with ideas and a lifelong rebel eager for intellectual combat, Dr. Hoyle was most widely known as an author of the cosmological theory, which now has few adherents, that the universe exists in a steady state. The theory, published in 1948, contends that matter is constantly being created, so the expanding universe remains roughly the same at all times and has no beginning or end.
Entrez PubMed Science. 2001 May 4;292(5518)823. Astrophysics. Echoes of the big bang put theories in tune. Seife C. Publication Types News PMID 11341258 PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1
