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Aymara Indigenous Peoples:     more detail

Bolivians of Indigenous Peoples Descent: Bolivians of Aymara Descent, Evo Morales, Andrés de Santa Cruz, Juan José Torres, Enrique Peñaranda Inventing Indigenous Knowledge: Archaeology, Rural Development and the Raised Field Rehabilitation Project in Bolivia (Indigenous Peoples and Politics) by Lynn Swartley, 2002-10-25 Valley of the Spirits: A Journey Into the Lost Realm of the Aymara by Alan L. Kolata, 1996-03 Indians of the Andes: Aymaras and Quechuas (Routledge Library Editions: Anthropology and Ethnography) by Harold Osborne, 2004-04-30 Indigenous Peoples in Chile: Mapuche, Huaca de Chena, Fuegians, Aymara Ethnic Group, Selknam, Yaghan, Promaucaes, Patagon, Diaguita Indigenous Peoples in Argentina: Guaraní, Mapuche, Wichí, Fuegians, List of Indigenous Languages in Argentina, Aymara Ethnic Group, Querandí Pathways of Memory and Power: Ethnography and History among an Andean People by Thomas A. Abercrombie, 1998-07-06 We Alone Will Rule: Native Andean Politics in the Age of Insurgency (Living in Latin America) by Sinclair Thomson, 2003-01-15

lists with details

81. From The November 2004 Anthropology News Michelle Bigenho And
    The year 2004 has marked the end of the UN Decade for indigenous People. My own research among aymaraspeaking highland peasants who follow a  
    http://www.aaanet.org/apla/anewsnovember2004.html

82. Bolivia: Highlights Of The Andes And The Amazon - Tours Of Exploration
    It is comprised of 80% indigenous people of the aymara and Quechua culture, manyof whom are direct descendents of the Inca and maintain their traditional  
    http://www.toursexplore.com/phpWeb/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE_user_op=view

83. MSN Encarta - Native Americans Of Middle And South America
    As recently as 1970, it was unheard of for indigenous people to attend college . As early as 1900 Adventist missions attracted many aymara peasants on  
    http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_701509044_23/Native_Americans_of_Middle_and_
    
    Extractions: Search for books and more related to Native Americans of Middle and South America Encarta Search Search Encarta about Native Americans of Middle and South America Editors' Picks Great books about your topic, Native Americans of Middle and South America ... Click here Advertisement document.write(' Page 23 of 23 Encyclopedia Article Multimedia 106 items Article Outline Introduction Culture Areas History Native Americans Today D The future of indigenous languages is linked to education. Most Latin American countries have highly centralized, urban-oriented, school systems with instruction only in Spanish. Longstanding neglect of education in indigenous rural areas prior to the 1970s caused large literacy gaps between nonindigenous and indigenous populations, especially among women. But rural schooling began to improve greatly after 1970. However, the differences in literacy between nonindigenous and indigenous populations are still dramatic: In Colombia, 16 percent of all Colombians were illiterate in the 1980s versus 45 percent of indigenous Colombians. In Guatemala 40 percent of all citizens were illiterate versus 79 percent of indigenous ones; in Panama the rate was 14 percent versus 62 percent; and in Paraguay 13 percent versus 70 percent.

84. 'War On Terror' Has Indigenous People In Its Sights - Empire? - Global Policy Fo
    people to violence, which could translate into armed struggle,” aymara In Ecuador, indigenous people account for an estimated 40 percent of the  
    http://www.globalpolicy.org/empire/terrorwar/analysis/2005/0606terrorindig.htm
    
    Extractions: June 6, 2005 The ”war on terror”, identified in Amnesty International's annual report as a new source of human rights abuses, is threatening to expand to Latin America, targeting indigenous movements that are demanding autonomy and protesting free-market policies and ”neo-liberal” globalisation. In the United States ”there is a perception of indigenous activists as destabilising elements and terrorists,” and their demands and activism have begun to be cast in a criminal light, lawyer José Aylwin, with the Institute of Indigenous Studies at the University of the Border in Temuco (670 km south of the Chilean capital), told IPS. Pedro Cayuqueo, director of the Mapuche newspaper Azkintuwe, also from the city of Temuco, wrote that the growing indigenous activism in Latin America and Islamic radicalism are both depicted as threats to the security and hegemony of the United States in the ”Global Trends 2020 - Mapping the Global Future” study by the U.S. National Intelligence Council (NIC). NIC works with 13 government agencies, including the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), and is advised by experts from the United States and other countries. Cayuqueo described the report as ”a veritable x-ray” of potential ”counterinsurgency scenarios” from now to the year 2020. In the process of drafting the report, NIC organised 12 regional conferences around the world, one of which was held in Santiago in June 2004.

85. SerIndigena - Pueblos Originarios De Chile
    The Chilean indigenous People Portal contribute to the valoration and The regions are available in indigenous languages .aymara Ver páginas en lengua  
    http://www.beingindigenous.org/regions/help/welcome_tour.htm

86. Native American - Definition Of Native American In Encyclopedia
    In Latin America, the preferred expression is indigenous peoples (pueblos indígenasin Spanish, povos indígenas in Portuguese). However, Indians (indios  
    http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Native_American
    
    Extractions: Native Americans (also Indians Aboriginal Peoples American Indians First Nations Alaskan Natives , or Indigenous Peoples of America ) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization , and their modern descendants. This term comprises a large number of distinct tribes states , and ethnic groups , many of them still enduring as political communities. Depending on the context, the terms "Indian" or "Native American" may or may not include the Eskimos Inuit Yupik , and Aleut peoples), whose culture and genetics are distinct from the other groups. The terms may be construed either to include or to exclude the Canadian Métis Contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early history

87. The Language Of Peru, Words And Phrases In Aymara, Spanish And Quechua
    Quechua is an Amerindian language (language spoken by the indigenous people of the aymara is the name of a SouthAmerican people and their language.  
    http://www.earthyfamily.com/PU-words.htm
    
    Extractions: Email Address: We promise to treat your personal information with respect and confidentiality, it will not be shared, traded or used for any other purpose than to send you the requested newsletter. The people of Peru speak three different languages: Spanish, Quechua (both of these are considered official languages) and Aymara, which although it is spoken widely in Peru, is not considered an official language as such. The Spanish alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet. It uses the standard 26 letters: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - X - W - Y - Z Acute

88. Behind The Indigenous-led Uprising In Bolivia
    aymara indigenous people and to a lesser degree Quechuas joined the communityafter being forced off their small farms. They bring strong organizational  
    http://www.workers.org/2005/world/bolivia-0623/
    
    Extractions: natural gas and general elections. Photo: Bolivia Indymedia They also rose up against their own capitalist class, which has been the agent of their subjugation by foreign monopolies. Bolivia, with a population of 9 million, is the poorest country in South America Yet it is rich in natural gas. Bolivia has the second biggest natural-gas reserve in the region, after Venezuela. In the hands of foreign companies like Repsol, British Petroleum, Total, Enron, Shell, Petrobras and others, this natural wealth has done nothing to improve the quality of life of the masses. Infant mortality is very high: For every 1,000 live births, 56 babies die. Maternal mortality is 550 per 100,000 live births. Around 30 percent of the population lives on less than $1 a day. Poverty and social exclusion hit the Indigenous people hardest. The Indigenous are 62 percent of the population.

89. BOLIVIA: Movement Towards Where?
    That year, protests spread to the aymara indigenous people of the altiplanohighlands above La Paz. The 2002 national elections propelled the country’s  
    http://www.greenleft.org.au/back/2005/630/630p12b.htm
    
    Extractions: Online troops home poll Federico Fuentes No one can talk about the crisis in Bolivia, the site of continuous waves of mobilisation, road blockades and general strikes that have thrown out two presidents already, without mentioning Evo Morales. No matter what the viewpoint of the analyst, Morales and his party, the Movement Towards Socialism (MAS), are seen as key to understanding the unfolding situation. This hostility has only been matched by the campaign run against MAS and Morales by the right. As far back as December 2001, the then-US ambassador to Bolivia compared Morales to Osama bin Laden, and called his cocalero By the late 1980s, the cocaleros had become a powerful symbol of resistance. The coca leaf is a powerful part of traditional indigenous culture, and their defence of the right to grow it, combined with a legacy of opposing military intervention in Bolivia, made the cocaleros symbols of the struggle for Bolivian sovereignty, in the face of imperialist encroachment. MAS emerged out of this struggle. In a November 2002 interview in

90. Latin America: ‘War On Terror’ Zeroes In On Indigenous People
    people to violence, which could translate into armed struggle,” aymara Mr. Maldus commented to IPS that Latin America’s indigenous people are in the  
    http://www.finalcall.com/artman/publish/article_2064.shtml
    
    Extractions: Riot policemen arrest protesters during a demonstration in La Paz, June 7. A day after ousting Bolivian president Carlos Mesa, tens of thousands of protesters descended on La Paz, some detonating blasting caps, to demand that the Senate leader resign, as well. Photo: AFP SANTIAGO (IPS/GIN) - The “war on terror—identified in Amnesty International’s annual report as a new source of human rights abuses—is threatening to expand to Latin America, targeting Indigenous movements that are demanding autonomy and protesting free-market globalization. In the United States, “there is a perception of indigenous activists as destabilizing elements and terrorists,” and their demands and activism have begun to be cast in a criminal light, lawyer Jose Aylwin, with the Institute of Indigenous Studies at the University of the Border in Temuco, south of the Chilean capital, told IPS.

91. Compare Prices And Read Reviews On Bolivia At Epinions.com
    Breaking Down The Barriers Bolivia s indigenous People Give An Example To Furthermore, we can see that a native aymara was elected vicepresident of  
    http://www.epinions.com/content_27589709444
    
    Extractions: Full Review The recent events taking place in South America tend to cause the rest of the world to pay attention. Peru just elected its first Indian-descent president. Alejandro Toledo defeated former President Alan Garcia. But, the recent few years have been marked by the self-imposed exile in Japan of former President Alberto Fujimori. How convenient was it for him to be of Japanese descent! But, Bolivia continues to differentiate itself with all its forms and attempts at giving more rights, land and education to its indigenous peoples.

92. Hispanic American Center For Economic Research - Indigenous People In South Amer
    Of Andean Indian descent, he speaks aymara as well as Spanish. This politicalawakening of Latin America s indigenous people is not confined to the  
    http://www.hacer.org/current/LATAM29.php
    
    Extractions: Indigenous people in South America Poverty and a new ethnic politics have spawned radical Indian movements in the Andean countries. Are these a threat or a boost to democracy? LUCIO GUARACHI was born in a village on Bolivia's windswept Altiplano, some 4,000 metres (13,000 feet) above sea level. Of Andean Indian descent, he speaks Aymara as well as Spanish. Since he was ten, he has lived mainly in El Alto, an ever-expanding satellite city of 700,000 people whose self-built houses of bare brick or mud and corrugated iron straggle out into the Altiplano above Bolivia's capital, La Paz. He works, when there is work, in a small workshop making water pumps. Last October, he helped to overthrow an elected president. El Alto was the scene of battles between the army and well-organised protestors that ended with at least 59 dead and the resignation of President Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, a pro-American mining magnate. The ostensible motive for the protests was a scheme by multinational companies to export liquefied natural gas from Bolivia to California via Chile.

93. LATIN AMERICA: 'War On Terror ' Has Indigenous People In Its Sights : Miami IMC
    people to violence, which could translate into armed struggle, aymara Maldós commented to IPS that Latin America s indigenous people are in the  
    http://miami.indymedia.org/news/2005/06/1777.php
    
    Extractions: Inter Press Service News Agency SANTIAGO, Jun 6 (IPS) - The "war on terror",identified in Amnesty International's annual report as a new source of human rights abuses, is threatening to expand to Latin America, targeting indigenous movements that are demanding autonomy and protesting free-market policies and "neo-liberal" globalisation. In the United States "there is a perception of indigenous activists as destabilizing elements and terrorists," and their demands and activism have begun to be cast in a criminal light, lawyer José Aylwin, with the Institute of Indigenous Studies at the University of the Border in Temuco (670 km south of the Chilean capital), told IPS. Pedro Cayuqueo, director of the Mapuche newspaper Azkintuwe, also from the city of Temuco, wrote that the growing indigenous activism in Latin America and Islamic radicalism are both depicted as threats to the security and hegemony of the United States in the "Global Trends 2020 - Mapping the Global Future" study by the U.S. National Intelligence Council (NIC). NIC works with 13 government agencies, including the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), and is advised by experts from the United States and other countries.

94. PUBLIC LECTURES 2001
    Moving Forwards with indigenous peoples into the 21st Century 1st March Filmcontrolling images of indigenous peoples  
    http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/events/seminars/indig/

95. Flag Of Inca (Quecha / Aymara) People (Western South America) Flags, Fahnen, Fla
    Inca (Quecha / aymara) people (Western South America) flags (Fahnen, Flaggen) The indigenous banner is called huipala with the seven colors of the  
    http://www.nationalflaggen.de/flags-of-the-world/flags/xi.html
    
    Extractions: António Martins , 11 Jul 2004 Although sharing roughly the same territory — the central south american highland —, Aymara however are based mainly in Bolivia and Peru and extending shouthwards to Chile and Argentina, while Quechua has a somewhat northern nucleous and spreads to the north, to Ecuador and Colombia.

96. War On Terror Has Indigenous People In Its Sights - Independent
    people to violence, which could translate into armed struggle, aymara In Ecuador, indigenous people account for an estimated 40 percent of the  
    http://www.independent-media.tv/item.cfm?fmedia_id=11171&fcategory_desc=World Tr

97. Guardian Unlimited | Special Reports | Reading Between The Pipelines
    Many among Bolivia s indigenous majority, led by Evo Morales, an aymara Indian, Nearly 75% of Bolivia s 3.9 million indigenous people live below the  
    http://www.guardian.co.uk/ethicalbusiness/story/0,14713,1515680,00.html
    
    Extractions: Read today's paper Sign in Register Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Newsblog Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Politics Science Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Technology Travel Been there Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Soulmates dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Feedback Information GNL press office Living our values Newsroom Reader Offers Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Working at GNL Guardian Weekly Money Observer Public Home UK Business Online ... Quiz

98. UC Riverside Mellon Workshop
    Visual Sovereignty indigenous Film and Visual Culture of indigenous imagesby both indigenous peoples in the Americas, and by nonindigenous entities.  
    http://ucrmellonworkshop.ucr.edu/workshops/2004-2005/visual.html
    
    Extractions: Workshops Visual Sovereignty: Indigenous Film and Visual Culture Specific projects within the workshop seek to address: filmic representations of Hopis, Pueblos of New Mexico, Apaches, and Navajos. This project seeks to investigate films in relationship to the geographies, languages, and material culture of these tribes, and specifically the use of Monument Valley as a site to film many tribes who are not, historically or contemporarily, situated in that place a content analysis of radio novels produced by Taller Historia Oral Andino (in Aymara and Spanish): how they contribute to the notion of the ideal indigenous woman from the standpoint of traditional Aymara philosophy and social organization that is being reclaimed and renovated in Bolivia; filmmaking in Bolivia by indigenous people, that dramatize traditional stories and update them to comment on contemporary issues, or that present entirely new dramas that explore contemporary life from an indigenous optic. the portrayal of mixed race Native people in popular films, especially anxieties that surround filmic representations of mixed race Native women

99. Global Exchange : 'War On Terror' Has Indigenous People In Its Sights
    people to violence, which could translate into armed struggle, aymara In Ecuador, indigenous people account for an estimated 40 percent of the  
    http://www.globalexchange.org/countries/americas/bolivia/3099.html
    
    Extractions: SANTIAGO, Jun 6 (IPS) - The "war on terror", identified in Amnesty International's annual report as a new source of human rights abuses, is threatening to expand to Latin America, targeting indigenous movements that are demanding autonomy and protesting free-market policies and "neo-liberal" globalisation. Pedro Cayuqueo, director of the Mapuche newspaper Azkintuwe, also from the city of Temuco, wrote that the growing indigenous activism in Latin America and Islamic radicalism are both depicted as threats to the security and hegemony of the United States in the "Global Trends 2020 - Mapping the Global Future" study by the U.S. National Intelligence Council (NIC). NIC works with 13 government agencies, including the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), and is advised by experts from the United States and other countries. Cayuqueo described the report as "a veritable x-ray" of potential "counterinsurgency scenarios" from now to the year 2020. In the process of drafting the report, NIC organised 12 regional conferences around the world, one of which was held in Santiago in June 2004.

100. GRAIN | Seedling | 1998 | NURTURING THE SEED IN THE PERU
     aymara – indigenous people from the Puno region of Peru Quechua – indigenouspeople from the Ayacucho region of Peru Pacha – earth, local landscape  
     http://www.grain.org/seedling/?id=138

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