Pappus of solids with equal surface areas, proving a result due to zenodorus thatthe sphere has greater volume than any regular solid with equal surface area. http://www.stetson.edu/~efriedma/periodictable/html/Pu.html
Extractions: Our knowledge of Pappus's life is almost nil. It appears that he was born in Alexandria and lived there all his life. A reference to Pappus in Proclus's writings says that he headed a school there. Pappus's major work in geometry is Synagoge , a collection of mathematical writings in 8 books thought to have been written in around 340. Obviously written with the object of reviving the classical Greek geometry, it covers practically the whole field. It is, however, a handbook or guide to Greek geometry rather than an encyclopaedia. It was intended to be read with the original works rather than to enable them to be dispensed with. Book 1 covered arithmetic and is now lost. Book2 is partly lost, but the remaining part deals with Apollonius's method for dealing with large numbers. The method expresses numbers as powers of 10,000. Book 3 is divided by Pappus into four parts. The first part looks at the problem of finding two mean proportionals between two given straight lines. The second part gives a construction of the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means. The third part describes a collection of geometrical paradoxes which Pappus says are taken from a work by Erycinus. The final part shows how each of the 5 regular polyhedra can be inscribed in a sphere. Book 4 contains properties of curves including the spiral of Archimedes and the quadratrix of Hippias and includes his trisection methods. In Book 5 he discusses the 13 semiregular solids discovered by Archimedes. He compares the areas of figures with equal perimeters and volumes of solids with equal surface areas, proving a result due to Zenodorus that the sphere has greater volume than any regular solid with equal surface area. He also proves the related result that, for two regular solids with equal surface area, the one with the greater number of faces has the greater volume.
Circle In this knowledge, he followed a book of zenodorus (180 BC) 7). Some relationsof the circle with other curves are the following http://www.2dcurves.com/conicsection/conicsectionc.html
Extractions: Because of its symmetry the circle is considered as the perfect shape. It is the symbol for the total symmetry of the divine (sic!). The Greek scholar Proclus (500 AC) wrote: "the circle is the first, the simplest and most perfect form". As Christian symbol it represents eternity, and the sleeping eye of God (Genesis 1:2). the breast of a mother, a tuba, plums and cherry flan. More rational the circle can be described as the ellipse, where the two foci coincide. Or as the collection of points with equal distance to a (center) point. At the top of this page we see the polar equation of a unity circle with radius 1 and as center the origin.
Tetragnatha From Society Islands Rapa Ð VaVai cliff, 0m, 14XII-02, zenodorus microphthalmus pen. male. zenodorus microphthalmus was originally described as Jotus microphthalmus L. Koch http://nature.berkeley.edu/~gillespi/AustralReport.html
Extractions: Expedition to Austral Islands March 2002 R.G. Gillespie G.K. Roderick E. Claridge J. Garb University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Objectives The objective of the expedition to the Austral Islands was to determine the nature and diversity of the spider, planthoppper and beetle fauna of southern French Polynesia, and identify possible threats. Over the last 15 years we have been studying the extensive radiations of the spider genera Tetragnatha Theridion , and a few other groups including the beetle genus Rhyncogonus , and the planthopper genus Nesosydne , in the Hawaiian Islands. Over the last 3 years we have extended this research to examine similar groups in the French Polynesian islands of the Societies and Marquesas. Our intention is to generate phylogenetic (or genealogical) patterns of relationship for different groups of spiders, beetles and planthoppers in French Polynesia using morphological and various molecular approaches. Using this information, we can examine (i) levels of endemism and associated patterns of species formation, including information on ecological and behavioral attributes. And (ii) representation by groups that are of relatively recent origin in the islands. Through (i) and (ii) we hope to be able to identify hotspots of endemism as well as issues of conservation concern. We planned to: (1) Assess species identities, numbers of species, distributions, and abundance for the different groups in the islands. And (2) for species that are not endemic, preliminary assessment of the recency of arrival based on molecular information.
History Of Mathematics: Greece 125); zenodorus (c. 100 BCE?) Posidonius (c. 135c. 51); Zeno of Sidon (c.79 BCE); Geminus of Rhodes (c. 77 BCE); Cleomedes (c. 40? http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/greece.html
History Of Mathematics: Chronology Of Mathematicians zenodorus (c. 100 BCE?) Posidonius (c. 135c. 51) *SB; Marcus TerentiusVarro (116-27); Zeno of Sidon (c. 79 BCE); Geminus of Rhodes (fl. c. http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/chronology.html
Extractions: Note: there are also a chronological lists of mathematical works and mathematics for China , and chronological lists of mathematicians for the Arabic sphere Europe Greece India , and Japan 1700 B.C.E. 100 B.C.E. 1 C.E. To return to this table of contents from below, just click on the years that appear in the headers. Footnotes (*MT, *MT, *RB, *W, *SB) are explained below Ahmes (c. 1650 B.C.E.) *MT Baudhayana (c. 700) Thales of Miletus (c. 630-c 550) *MT Apastamba (c. 600) Anaximander of Miletus (c. 610-c. 547) *SB Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570-c. 490) *SB *MT Anaximenes of Miletus (fl. 546) *SB Cleostratus of Tenedos (c. 520) Katyayana (c. 500) Nabu-rimanni (c. 490) Kidinu (c. 480) Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (c. 500-c. 428) *SB *MT Zeno of Elea (c. 490-c. 430) *MT Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist) (c. 480-411) *SB *MT Oenopides of Chios (c. 450?) *SB Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *MT Hippocrates of Chios (fl. c. 440) *SB Meton (c. 430) *SB
Domus Aurea - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Nero also commissioned from the Greek zenodorus a colossal 37meter bronze statueof himself, dressed in the garb of the Roman sun-god Apollo, the Colossus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domus_Aurea
Extractions: The Red Cross and other charities also need your help. The Domus Aurea (Rome), undergoing recovery and restoration in 2005. The Domus Aurea Latin for "Golden House") was a large palace built by the Roman emperor Nero after the fire that devastated Rome in . Built of brick (not marble as is sometimes imagined) in the few years between the fire and Nero's suicide in 68, the extensive gold-leaf that gave it its name was not the only extravagant element of its decor: stuccoed ceilings were applied with semi-precious stones and veneers of ivory. Pliny watched it being built ( Natural History xxxvi. 111). The Domus Aurea was comprised of a series of villas and pavillions covering one third of then Rome â open porticos to enjoy the artificial views created where the heart of Rome had recently been. In the centre of the grounds, which included forests, an altar in a sacred grove, pastures with flocks, and vineyards â rus in urbe
From Kkeville@MIT.EDU Thu Dec 2 125719 2004 Received From 10 Dec 2004 170415 0500 (EST) Received (from nobody@localhost) byzenodorus-asper.mit.edu (8.12.2+Sun) id iBAM4FQ8027750; Fri, 10 Dec 2004 170415 http://mailman.mit.edu/pipermail/mit_energy.mbox/mit_energy.mbox
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From Paugenbe@MIT.EDU Thu Oct 2 204216 2003 Received From 18 Jul 2005 172231 0400 (EDT) Received (from nobody@localhost) byzenodorus-asper.mit.edu (8.12.2+Sun) id j6ILMVYF001872; Mon, 18 Jul 2005 172231 http://mailman.mit.edu/pipermail/solar-fans.mbox/solar-fans.mbox
Extractions: From paugenbe@MIT.EDU Thu Oct 2 20:42:16 2003 Received: from pacific-carrier-annex.mit.edu (PACIFIC-CARRIER-ANNEX.MIT.EDU [18.7.21.83]) by pch.mit.edu (8.12.8p2/8.12.8) with ESMTP id h930gFgH010242 for ; Thu, 2 Oct 2003 20:42:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from msv02-syd.comindico.com.au (msv02-syd.comindico.com.au [203.194.29.48])h930gE2x022802 for ; Thu, 2 Oct 2003 20:42:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from [18.217.0.229] (195.149.221.203.comindico.com.au [203.221.149.195]) by msv02-syd.comindico.com.au (Postfix) with SMTP id E96787B9 for ; Fri, 3 Oct 2003 10:42:13 +1000 (EST) Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: paugenbe@po11.mit.edu Message-Id: Date: Thu, 2 Oct 2003 20:42:12 -0400 To: solar-fans@MIT.EDU From: Peter Augenbergs Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed" X-Mailman-Approved-At: Fri, 03 Oct 2003 09:00:41 -0400 Subject: [MIT Solar Fans] Early Crew in Australia X-BeenThere: solar-fans@mit.edu X-Mailman-Version: 2.1 Precedence: list List-Id: Info list for fans of the MIT Solar Car Team List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Archive: List-Unsubscribe: ; Sun, 5 Oct 2003 06:04:12 -0400 (EDT) Received: from central-city-carrier-station.mit.edu (CENTRAL-CITY-CARRIER-STATION.MIT.EDU [18.7.7.72])h95A4BR2017266 for
American Academy In Rome - MAAR Volume 46 zenodorus Colossus of Nero Fred C. Albertson. A Good Woman Gender Rolesand Female Religious Identity in Late Medieval Bergamo Roisin Cossar http://www.aarome.org/publications/toc46.htm
Lacus_en In his palace Nero also placed a colossal bronze statue of himself (120 feethigh, work of zenodorus), whose face was later modified many times to represent http://www.the-colosseum.net/architecture/lacus_en.htm
Extractions: Once there was a lake The site of the Colosseum is in fact a depression among the hills of Rome : the Palatine on its south-western side, the Velia on the western side, the last slopes of the Esquiline hill, also called Colle Oppio (now a park) on the northern side and the Celio on the Eastern side. The Velia Piazza Venezia to the Colosseum cutting through the forums of old Rome. Mussolini demanded a straight road from Piazza Venezia to the Colosseum, and that was the end of the Velia. The valley collected the waters, which created a marsh or a lake, depending on the season. The small lake was fed by the waters of the Rio Labicano, a stream flowing down the Labicana valley, more or less along modern day Via Labicana. The stream can still be seen underground when visiting the Church of St. Clemente in Via di San Giovanni . There you can descend about 30 feet under modern ground level and walk on the cobblestones of old Roman alleys, enter shops and houses, visit a Mithraic temple and listen to the soothing sound of running water. The stream is still there and the water runs clear and fast, enclosed inside a conduct built in the 19th century in order to drain the underground of the Basilica. The emperor Nero (right) took advantage of the lake in order to embellish his palace, the
LacusCurtius • Rome — The Colossus Of Nero (Platner & Ashby, 1929) Colossus Neronis a colossal bronze statue of Nero, A unit conversion 120 feethigh, the work of zenodorus, a Greek, erected by Nero himself in the http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/R
Extractions: London Oxford University Press Colossus Neronis a colossal bronze statue of Nero, 120 feet high, the work of Zenodorus, a Greek, erected by Nero himself in the vestibule of the Domus Aurea (q.v.) on the summit of the Velia Suet. Nero 31 Plin. NH xxxiv.45 ), but after the death of that emperor changed by Vespasian into a statue of the Sun (Plin. loc. cit; Suet. Vesp. 18 ; Mart. de spect. 2.1 (see Domus Aurea i.70.7 Cass. Dio lxv.15 HJ 321) considers i9dru/qh to be a loose translation of refectus est , so that we need not suppose that the statue was actually moved. Dio states that some said it was like Nero and others like Titus. Hadrian, perhaps early in 128 A.D. Colosseum in order to make room for the temple of Venus and Roma , it is said, without taking it down (Hist. Aug. Hadr. 19)
LacusCurtius • Pliny The Elder's Natural History — Book 34 Translate this page zenodorus Mercurio facto in civitate Galliae Arvernis per annos decem, esset et zenodorus scientia fingendi caelandique nulli veterum postponeretur. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/34*.html
Extractions: Proxime dicuntur aeris metalla, cui et in usu proximum est pretium, immo vero ante argentum ac paene etiam ante aurum Corinthio, stipis quoque auctoritas, ut diximus. hinc aera militum, tribuni aerarii et aerarium, obaerati, aere diruti. docuimus quamdiu populus Romanus aere tantum signato usus esset: et alia re vetustas aequalem urbi auctoritatem eius declarat, a rege Numa collegio tertio aerarium fabrum instituto. Vena quo dictum est modo foditur ignique perficitur. fit et e lapide aeroso, quem vocant cadmean, celebri trans maria et quondam in Campania, nunc et in Bergomatium agro extrema parte Italiae; ferunt nuper etiam in Germania provincia repertum. fit et ex alio lapide, quem chalcitim appellant in Cypro, ubi prima aeris inventio, mox vilitas praecipua reperto in aliis terris praestantiore maximeque aurichalco, quod praecipuam bonitatem admirationemque diu optinuit nec reperitur longo iam tempore effeta tellure. proximum bonitate fuit Sallustianum in Ceutronum Alpino tractu, non longi et ipsum aevi, successitque ei Livianum in Gallia. utrumque a metallorum dominis appellatum, illud ab amico divi Augusti, hoc a coniuge.
Paperholic Abracadabrella, Asianellus, Corambis, Eolinus, Lamottella, Mopsus mormon,Myrmarachne, Platycryptus, Udvardya, Yepoella, zenodorus and they are charming http://www.paperholic.com/weblog/index.php?tag=nature
Taxa zenodorus, List Show. Zenodosus, List Show. Zenodoxus, List Show. Zenon,List Show. Zenonina, List Show. Zenophleps, List Show http://ecoport.org/ep?searchType=entityTaxonBrowse&taxonInitial=Z
MAXIMA AND MINIMA - LoveToKnow Article On MAXIMA AND MINIMA Some remarkable theorems on maximum areas are attributed to zenodorus, andpreserved by Pappus and Theon of Alexandria. The most noteworthy of them are the http://21.1911encyclopedia.org/M/MA/MAXIMA_AND_MINIMA.htm
Extractions: MAXIMA AND MINIMA 1. Of polygons of n sides with a given perimeter the regular polygon encloses the greatest area. 2. Of two regular polygons of the same perimeter, that with the greater number of sides encloses the greater area. 3. The circle encloses a greater area than any polygon of the same perimeter. 4. The sum of the areas of two isosceles triangles on given bases, the sum of whose perimeters is given, is greatest when the triangles are similar. 5. Of segments of a circle of given perimeter, the semicircle encloses the greatest area. 6 The sphere is the surface of given area which encloses the greatest volume. Serenus of Antissa investigated the somewhat trifling problem of finding the triangle of greatest area whose sides are formed by the intersections with the base and curved surface of a right circular cone of a plane drawn through its vertex. The next problem on maxima and minima of which there appears to be any record occurs in a letter from Regiomontanus to Roder (July 4, 1471), and is a particular numerical example of the problem of finding the point on a given straight line at which two given points subtend a maximum angle. N. Tartaglia in his General Irattalo de numeri et mesuri (c. 1556) gives, wit hout, proof, a rule for dividing a number into two parts such that the continued product of the numbers and their difference is a maximum. Fermat investigated maxima and minima by means of the principle that in the neighborhood of a maximum or minimum the differences of the values of a function are insensible, a method virtually the same as that of the differential calculus, and of great use in dealing with geometrical maxima and minima. His method was developed by Huygens, Leibnitz, Newton and others, and in particular by John Hudde, who investigated maxima and minima of functions of more than one independent variable, and made some attempt to discriminate between maxima and minima, a question first definitely settled, so far as one variable is concerned, by Cohn Maclaurin in his Treatise on Fluxions (1742). The method of the differential calculus was perfected by Euler and Lagrange.
Matematiske Perler And when zenodorus the Astronomer came down to Arcadia and was introduced to us,he asked us how to find a mirror surface such that when it is placed facing http://www.math.ntnu.no/seminarer/perler/2004-2005.html
Extractions: Foredrag 2003/2004 Et hovedtema i A Mathematician's Apology av G. H. Hardy ren » og totalt unyttig, og anvendt matematikk, som er kjedelig og triviell. Hardy innså neppe selv den mangfoldige ironien i at nettopp han målbar dette synet: Eksemplene er mange på at Hardys matematikk ( tallteori og analyse ) er blitt sentral for anvendelser, på måter som knapt kunne forutses på hans tid. Med fare for å virke pretensiøs, eventuelt under dekke av at forumet også kan omhandle matematiske kuriøsiteter, vil jeg beskrive en personlig erfaring med bruk av Hardyrom . Det dreier seg om et optimeringsproblem formulert av Johannes Skaar ved Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon . Problemet er knyttet til fenomenet « negativ brytning » og spørsmålet om man kan designe en « perfekt » linse, noe som har vært gjenstand for stor
Extractions: Jackson, R.R., D. Li (1998) Prey preferences and visual discrimination ability of Cyrba algerina, an araneophagic jumping spider (Araneae: Salticidae) with primitive retinae. Israel J. Zool. 44: 227-242. Jackson, R.R. (1999) Spider cities of Africa. New Zealand Science Monthly 10: 10-11. Jackson, R.R. (1998) The eyes have it. Natural History Magazine 107: 31. Send comments, suggestions and feedback to the