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Shen Kua: more detail

The Earth and Physical Sciences of Shen Kua: An entry from Gale's <i>Science and Its Times</i> by P. Andrew Karam, 2001
Shen Xiaolong zi xuan ji (Kua shi ji xue ren wen cun) (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Xiaolong Shen, 1999
Fan xing er shang xue yu xian dai mei xue jing shen (Kua shi ji xue zhe cong shu) (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Huimin Jin, 1997
Dui hua "shi wu": Zhongguo zhong chang qi fa zhan zhan lue zai shen shi (Kua shi ji jing ji lun tan cong shu) (Mandarin Chinese Edition)
Xin yue pai di shen shi feng qing (Kua shi ji wen lun cong shu) (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Shoutong Zhu, 1995
Malaixiya di zheng zhi shen hua (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Kia Soong Kua, 1990
Zhongguo xi nan yu dong nan Ya di kua jing min zu =: Border minorities of southwest China and southeast Asia (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Xu Shen, 1988
Liu Taiying qian zhuan: Kua zu zheng shang xue jie de hua shen bo shi (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Guangyuan Chen, 1997
Shi xian hong wei mu biao di jing shen dong li: Si xiang, dao de, wen hua (Kua yue shi ji di bao ding cong shu) (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Huaipeng Chen, 1996
Kua shi ji di tiao zhan: Guo ji shen ji shu ping (Accounting & auditing knowledge renewal books) (Mandarin Chinese Edition) by Xianzhong Zhang, 1992
Kua shi ji di hong wei gang ling: Shen ru xue xi guan che dang di shi si jie wu zhong quan hui jing shen (Mandarin Chinese Edition)
Kua shi ji xi wang gong cheng shi (Zhong shen xue xi xi lie) (Mandarin Chinese Edition)
Shen sheng di tian zhi: Zhongguo xian dai ren shi guan li (Kua shi ji xian dai zheng fu guan li cong shu) (Mandarin Chinese Edition)

lists with details

GoldenEssays - Astronomy - Free Essays, Free Research Papers, Free Term Papers,
Astronomer, shen kua was born in China in the year 1026. While traveling withhis father, shen kua learned the responsibilities of a local administrator
http://www.goldenessays.com/free_essays/1/astronomy/shen-kua.shtml
Archaeologist Biographies S
shen kua 10311095 The 11th century Chinese scholar, engineer, mathematician,astonomer, cartographer, politician, writer, and Go player shen kua was a
http://archaeology.miningco.com/od/archaeologistss/

Extractions: zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Archaeology Archaeologists ... Biographies Archaeologists S Homework Help Archaeology Essentials Archaeology Vacations ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); Sign Up Now for the Archaeology newsletter! See Online Courses Search Archaeology Biographical sketches of classical and modern archaeologists with names beginning with S, starting with Fuad Safar. Alphabetical Recent Up a category Fuad Safar [d. 1978] Iraqi archaeologist Fuad Safar of the Iraqi Antiquities Department excavated at Tell Hassuna, Tell Uqair and Eridu, among many other sites. Marshall Sahlins [b. 1930] American anthropologist Marshall Sahlins is perhaps best known for his definitive work in Polynesia, describing and refining the different political structures we humans build, something very useful for archaeologists. Merrilee H. Salmon [b. 1935] American archaeologist Merrilee Salmon is one of the few true philosophers of our profession. Ali Sami Iranian archaeologist Ali Sami was director of the Archaeological Institute of Persepolis during the 1940s and 1950s.
Shen Kua Université Montpellier II
Translate this page shen kua (1031-1095). Cette image et la biographie complète en anglais résidentsur le site de luniversité de St Andrews Écosse
http://ens.math.univ-montp2.fr/SPIP/article.php3?id_article=1807
Timeline 1000 To 1099
10301093 In China shen kua was an engineer and high official Chinese astronomer.In his1086 work Dream Pool Essays, shen kua made the first reference to
http://timelines.ws/1000_1099.HTML
PSIgate Timeline - Physics
501086 First description of a magnetic compass by Chinese scientist shen kua.511088 First European university established at Bologna, Italy
http://www.psigate.ac.uk/newsite/physics_timeline.html
PSIgate Timeline - Inventions
26 1086 First description of a magnetic compass by Chinese scientist shen kua.27 1130 Modern windmills invented around this time
http://www.psigate.ac.uk/newsite/timeline_Inventions.html
History Of Astronomy: Persons (S)
shen kua (10311095). Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.)Very short biography. Shepard, Alan Bartlett, Jr. (b. 1923)
http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_s.html

Extractions: Sabliere (18th century) Sacrobosco: see Johannes de Sacrobosco (c.1195-1256) Sagan, Carl Edward Saha, Meghnad (1893-1956) Saint Vincent, Gregorius [Gregory of Saint Vincent] (1584-1667) Salomonovich, Alexander (b. 1916) Salpeter, Edwin Ernest (b. 1924) Sandage, Allan Rex (b. 1926) Sands, Benjamin F. (1812-1883) Short biography and references From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913
China's Gifts To The West
shen kua notes further and this is remarkable that the needle never points In shen kua s description the compass is used only for magical purposes.
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song/readings/inventions_gifts.htm

Extractions: Porcelain ... The American Council on Education / Committee on Asiatic Studies in American Education Introduction to China's Gifts to the West An exercise identifying Chinese inventions that we use and enjoy in daily life provides an excellent starting point for discussing both the achievements of the Chinese civilization and China's influence on the West. The article China's Gifts to the West describes China's inventions of silk, tea, porcelain ("china"), paper, printing, gunpowder the mariner's compass medicines, lacquer, games (including cards, dominoes, and kites), and miscellaneous items such as umbrellas , as well as natural resources, such as plants (including peaches, apricots, and citrus fruits) and
Decades History Search
1086, In China shen kua (10301093) gave an account of a magnetic compass shen kua wrote his essays after being banished from office after an army under
http://www.decades.com/ByDecade/1080-1089/1.htm
Timelinescience - 1000 To 1100
shen kua, a Chinese scientist, writes his Dream Pool Essays in 1086. In these heoutlines the principles of erosion, sedimentation and uplift which are
http://www.timelinescience.org/years/1100.htm

Extractions: 1001 to 1100 Setting the scene The world is still largely undiscovered. People in one country or continent know little or nothing about people or ideas elsewhere. Much of the flourishing of scientific thought is taking place in China and what is now known as the Middle East. The science Omar Khayyam makes observations which allow the Muslim calendar to be reformed so that it agrees with the movements of stars in the heavens. In 1066 a large comet is sighted. In Britain it is thought to be connected to the invasion of William the Conqueror from France. It will revisit Earth in 1985/6 - we know it today as Halley's comet. Tseng Kung-Liang describes magnetised 'iron fish' that float in water and can be used for finding south. Shen Kua , a Chinese scientist, writes his Dream Pool Essays in 1086. In these he outlines the principles of erosion, sedimentation and uplift which are still used in earth science today. He also makes the first known reference to the use of a magnetic compass for navigation. In most regions where records are kept, disease is regarded as the result of evil spirits or a punishment from the gods. Treatment is very hit-and-miss, using herbs and local ingredients. Even when it works - as it sometimes does - the reasons are not understood.
Feng Shui Seminars With Roger Green
Also prominent in their belief structure was the Kua or trigrams of the Book of a northsouth pointing devise is the text of shen kua written in 1088.
http://www.fengshuiseminars.com/articles/lopan.htm

Extractions: The origins in the development of the magnetic compass belonged to the world of imperial magicians and geomancers not scientists. In fact it was some time before the compass was used for navigation of the seas. To understand the development of the magnetic compass one must look to the context its original use. This lies in the ancient Chinese art of geomancy or Feng Shui (wind and water). Wind and water not only referring to the actual elements themselves but also the invisible energy of the magnetic directions. Of all forms of divination, geomancy was perhaps that which became most deeply rooted in Chinese culture throughout the traditional period. A wealth of technical terms was applied to the configurations of terrain connecting together in many varying ways the Yang and Yin, the dragon and tiger, the earth, planets and stars. The protection of a site from harmful influences was always a matter of great importance, and the achievement of a balance of Yang and Yin forces. Thus the background history of geomancy is of some importance for that of the magnetic compass itself. Also certain maggots which arise from fish and meat, placed on the ground, move northward. The compass is not only a tool for determining the indication of topography but also concentrated on the astrological elements ie, it was used to select the most auspicious sites for tombs and buildings.
Multiculturalism In Science
(Reiss, 1993) Another source recalls that an ancient Chinese scholar, shen kuahad invented the compass circa AD 1070. (Barba et al, 1992) Grade 12 Physics,
http://educ.queensu.ca/~science/main/profdev/mcpdjd02.html

Extractions: PHYSICS: Magnetism There are recordings of the use of compasses in China as early as 114 AD, and as early as 1086 on how they are made. The Chinese also knew that a piece of cooling iron can acquire a slight magnetism from the Earth's field provided the iron is oriented north-south as it cools (magnetic remanence) by the eleventh century. (Reiss, 1993) Another source recalls that an ancient Chinese scholar, Shen Kua had invented the compass circa A.D. 1070. (Barba et al, 1992) Grade 12 Physics, Electromagnetism Electric Light Bulb The light bulb as designed by Edison in 1879 only lasted a week. Lewis Howard Latimer an African-American scientist was born from parents who had recently escaped slavery. He invented a light bulb that would last for months and went on to become the Chief designer for the installation of electric lights in Canada. (Reiss, 1993) Grade 12 Physics, Electricity The Real McCoy This phrase comes from an African-American from Ontario, Elijah McCoy. His contributions to automotive lubrication systems were so successful that it gave rise to the phrase the real McCoy. By the time McCoy died in 1929 he held over 50 patents. (Reiss, 1993) Grade 12 or OAC Physics, Mechanics, discussion of friction
I. Guides To The State Of The Field
Guang ?,Wang Anshi ?, Shen Gou ,shen kua ,Shen Liao,Kong Wenzhong ?,Kong Wuzhong ?,Kong Pingzhong ?,Su Che
http://sunsite.utk.edu/songtool/III/III_b1_a.html

Extractions: This covers the holdings of 250 PRC libraries, 32 Japanese libraries, the Library of Congress and 521 ts'ung-shu å¢æ¸. It includes collections of 739 Sung authors (of which 107 are collections of tz'u lyrics). Arranged chronologically by author. There are four-corner indexes to the ts'ung-shu , libraries and their locations, and authors. (see also Xiancun Song ren zhushu zonglu discussed in the previous section III.A.
Sung Research Tool
shen kua Indexes and Concordances to Sung Texts Literary Writings andMiscellanies Shen Zhihong Bibliographies and Abstracts of SungPeriod Sources
http://sunsite.utk.edu/songtool/index/s.html
Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics And You - Timeline - 1000 To 1599
Chinese philosopher shen kua writes Meng ch i pi t an (Dream Pool Essays), wherehe discusses concave mirrors and focal points.
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/1000-1599.html

Extractions: Galleria Photo Gallery ... Home During the early years of the second millennium, Arabic science proliferated, especially with regards to research in astronomy, optics, and vision. The Chinese investigations of optics also flourished for a time as they experimented with lenses, mirrors, and shadows, but stagnated after the 1200s. In medieval Europe, scholars strictly adhered to the teachings of the ancient Greek philosophers, particularly Aristotle, as well as those of the Church. Science was viewed as a process that required only observation of the natural world interpreted by rational thought and correct theology. Experimentation was not considered essential to understanding how the world works, at least not a world thought to lie at the center of a changeless universe. Nevertheless, this 600-year period did see significant breakthroughs in optics and science. The Greek notion that the eyes transmit light rays was finally discarded and the eyes were correctly understood to be light receivers. The first truly functional magnifying lenses were produced in the 1200s, and by the 1400s lenses were being used to make reading glasses. The Chinese had developed eyeglasses with colored lenses even earlier, but these apparently were used for ornamental purposes, rather than vision correction. By 1600, high quality lenses were being produced and used to make the first microscopes and telescopes. During the second half of the 1200s, as the Arab and Chinese sciences were fading, Europe began to emerge from its Dark Age. Robert Grosseteste, an English bishop (Bishop of Lincoln) and scholar, introduced Latin translations of Greek and Arabic philosophical and scientific writings to medieval Europe. Remarkably, he proposed that a theory could only be validated by testing its predictions with experimentationa substantial deviation from Aristotelian philosophy and the beginning of scientific method in Europe. His student, Roger Bacon, continued his advocacy of experimentation and tried, unsuccessfully, to get the Church to incorporate experimental methods into its educational system.
The Invention Of Movable Type
The Invention of Movable Type. By shen kua. As late as the Tang dynasty theproduction of books by block printing was still practiced on a limited scale.
http://www.silk-road.com/artl/movableprt.shtml

Extractions: As late as the Tang dynasty the production of books by block printing was still practiced on a limited scale. It was not until the time of the Late Tang (923-936) that the government, upon the recommendation of its prime minister Feng Tao, first sponsored the reproduction of the Five Classics by block printing. From then on practically all important books were produced by block printing. During the Ch'ing-li period (1041-1048) a commoner named Pi Sheng first invented the movable type. Each type was made of moistened clay upon which was carved one Chinese character. The portion that formed the character was as thin as the edge of a small coin. The type was then hardened by fire and thus made permanent. To proceed with the process of printing, a printer smeared an iron plate with a mixture of turpentine, resin, wax, and burned paper ash. Pieces of movable type were then placed on the plate closely together and were arranged in such a way as to reflect the text of a book to be printed. They were confined within the plate by an iron fence fastened tightly to the plate. The iron plate was then placed on a gentle fire in order to melt the mixture type so that the heads of all pieces would appear on the same level. The plate was then ready for printing.
1086: Information From Answers.com
Dream Pool Essays by Chinese scientist shen kua b. Chekiang, China, 1031, d.ChingK ou, China, 1095 contains the first known reference to the use of a
http://www.answers.com/topic/1086

Extractions: showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping In the year Earth science Dream Pool Essays by Chinese scientist Shen Kua [b. Chekiang, China, 1031, d. Ching-K'ou, China, 1095] contains the first known reference to the use of a magnetic compass for navigation and outlines the principles of erosion, uplift, and sedimentation that are the foundation of earth science. See also 1044 Transportation 1117 Transportation Energy The Domesday Book, a survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror, lists 5624 water wheel-driven mills in England south of Trent. There are 268,984 persons actually counted in the survey, but not everyone in England is counted as the project is not completed. The total population of England at this time is thought to be about 1,500,000, giving 1 mill per 300 persons. See also bce Energy 1323 Energy . (See essay
Chinese Math
Includes information about Chung Ch i, Yang Hui, shen kua, Ch in Chiu Shao, ZhangHeng, Hsien Chung Wang and Chu ShihChien
http://www.the-gallery-of-china.com/chinese-math.html

Extractions: your site Tsinghua University, Applied Mathematics Department Information about the department and courses, plus links. In Chinese and English History of Chinese Mathematics An outline of the history of Chinese mathematics, including a chronology of mathematicians and mathematical works Mathematics and Mathematicians in Ancient China Includes information about Chung Ch'i, Yang Hui, Shen Kua, Ch'in Chiu Shao, Zhang Heng, Hsien Chung Wang and Chu Shih-Chien Development of Mathematics in Ancient China Shang numerals, Chinese mathematics texts, the discovery of zero. The art of calculation (suan chu) was both a practical and spiritual one, and covered a wide range of subjects from religion and astronomy to water control and administration Chinese Committees and Societies of Mathematics Includes the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Academia Sinica, Institute of Mathematics, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Mathematics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Matteo Ricci Matteo Ricci, the Jesuit Priest, arrived in China in 1582 and was perhaps responsible for the first interaction between European and Chinese mathematics. Information and relevant links
Battery History, Technology, Applications And Development
1086 Chinese astronomer, cartographer and mathematician shen kua, in his DreamPool Essays, describes the compass and its use for navigation and cartography
http://www.mpoweruk.com/history.htm

Extractions: Cell Chemistries Free Report Why Batteries Fail Choosing a Battery How to Specify Batteries News Battery Events ISO 9000 Qualified MPower does not monitor or record these emails Battery Development and Applications Milestones Heroes and Villains - A little light reading Here you will find a brief history of batteries, how they are made, and the applications they made possible, together with some interesting little known, or long forgotten, facts about the development of the underlying technologies, the context in which they occurred and the deeds of the many personalities, eccentrics and charlatans involved. "Either you do the work or you get the credit" Yakov Zel'dovich - Russian Astrophysicist Fortunately it is not always true.
Eleventh Century History
1086 shen kua of China writes about the magnetic compass, relief maps and theorigins of fossils. 1088 First modern university established in Bologna,
http://www.didyouknow.cd/history/11thcentury.htm

Extractions: H I S T O R Y The 11th Century History Before Christ World population 300 million. Scandinavia and Hungary converted to Christianity. Leif Ericson lands in North America, calling it Vinland. Gunpowder invented in China. Muslims destroy Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. The Tale of Genji, the book usually considered as the world's first novel, by Shikibu Murasaki , lady in waiting to the empress of Japan. Nile frozen over - also happened in 829. Paper money printed in China. Birth of the Yiddish language, formed out of the meeting between old French and old Italian dialects with admixture of Hebrew words. East-West schism in Christianity, the final split separating the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic after centuries of disagreement. In this year Pope Leo IX and Patriarch Michael Cerularius excommunicated each other. William the Conqueror, from Normandy in France, invades England, defeats last Saxon king, Harold II, at Battle of Hastings. Construction on Cathedral in Pisa begins.

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