Hipparchus hipparchus, (b. Nicaea, Bithyniad. after 127 BC, rhodes? hipparchus carriedout his observations in Bithynia, at rhodes, where he spent much time, http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/hipparchus.html
Extractions: Hipparchus of Rhodes Hipparchus, (b. Nicaea, Bithyniad. after 127 BC, Rhodes?), Greek astronomer and mathematician who discovered the precession of the equinoxes, calculated the length of the year to within 6 1/2 minutes, compiled the first known star catalog, and made an early formulation of trigonometry. Hipparchus carried out his observations in Bithynia, at Rhodes, where he spent much time, and also, it seems, at Alexandria. The year 127 BC is usually cited as the last date known for his actual work, and a French astronomer, Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Delambre (1749-1822), clearly demonstrated that some observations of Hipparchus on the star Eta Canis Majoris could well have been carried out in that year. Most of contemporary knowledge of Hipparchus is contained in the writings of Strabo of Amaseia (flourished c. AD 21) and in the great astronomical compendium Almagest by Ptolemy (flourished AD 127-151). Ptolemy often quotes Hipparchus, and it is obvious that he thought highly of him; indeed, as a result of the slow progress of early science, he speaks of him with the respect due a distinguished contemporary, although almost three centuries separated the work of the two men. It is difficult always to determine to which of them credit is due. Few details are known of the instruments that Hipparchus used. It seems likely that he observed with the usual devices current in his day, although Ptolemy credits him with the invention of an improved type of theodolite with which to measure angles.
Telescopes And Observatories Using these instruments, hipparchus at rhodes (150 BC) produced the first starcatalog, measured precession and developed the magnitude system of stellar http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/ast222/lectures/lec01.html
Extractions: Astronomical Instruments The elegant rings and bands of an armillary sphere (below) symbolize the astronomy of the past. The armillary sphere takes its name from the Latin armilla , meaning a bracelet or metal ring. With the Earth located at the center, the rings trace out what an observer sees in the night sky without a telescope. The outer band, that supports the device, shows the observers horizon and the meridian. Inside these bands is a cagelike assembly of rings that rotate to display the durinal motion of the stars. The zodiac is represented by a broad band marked with the 12 signs. Locating stars and measuring their positions precisely is no simple task. One of the earliest astronomical instruments is the quadrant, shown below, which measures a stars altitude above the horizon. A quadrant acquires its name by its ability to measure within a quarter circle. Using spherical trigonometry, the zenith distance could then be used to calculate a stars celestial longitude and latitude. Quadrants made of metal allowed finer intervals to be ruled for more precise measurements. The astrolabe was a sophisticated time-telling instrument of late antiquity. It was an all-in-one tool for calculating the position of the Sun (thus, local time) and various stars. The typical astrolabe has a rotating cutaway disk, called the rete, that represents the heavens as they revolve around us. Labeled points represent stars, the solid band is the zodiac. A plate, or tympan, is fixed beneath the rete and is inscribed with altitude and azimuth coordinates for the particular latitude where the astrolabe is used. Since the astrolabe displays the coordinates of various bright stars, it can also be used to determine the time at night when the Sun is not visible. Astrolabes were of particular interest to the ancient Muslim culture since it provided the direction to Mecca for daily prayers.
Martian Chronicles - July 2001 hipparchus. Born about 190 BC in Nicaea, Bithynia, died after 127 BC, possiblyin rhodes. hipparchus made his observations from Bithynia, at rhodes, http://www.roamingastronomer.com/marsastro/mc0107.htm
Extractions: Martian Chronicles Newsletter of the Museum Astronomical Resource Society Volume 17, Number 7 July 2001 CONTENTS Back to Top UPCOMING EVENTS JULY 2001 AUGUST 2001 MOSI SkyWatch: Observing sessions held every Saturday evening at MOSI. SkyWatch is held in the lobby on cloudy evenings. Call to check on any schedule changes. The Saunders Planetarium: 813-987-6360; MOSI Information Desk: 813-987-6012 SPAC Star Parties: Hosted by the St. Petersburg Astronomy Club (SPAC). Held on the Saturday evenings nearest the new moon, at Hickory Hill near Brooksville. For more information call the SPAC hotline: 813-792-0721
Hipparchus Biography An image of hipparchus from the title page of William Cunningham s hipparchus wasborn in Nicaea in Bithynia, but spent much of his life in rhodes. http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/starry/hipparchus.html
Extractions: Personalities Tour (Next) Previous Hipparchus Tour (Next) Hipparchus Pages General Pages Home Index The Greek astronomer Hipparchus (second century B.C) is credited with introducing numerical data from observations into geometric models and discovering the precession of the equinoxes. Little of his work survives, but Ptolemy considered him his most important predecessor. An image of Hipparchus from the title page of William Cunningham's Cosmographicall Glasse Large image (105K). Very large image (full title page) (2.3M). Hipparchus was born in Nicaea in Bithynia, but spent much of his life in Rhodes. He is generally considered to be one of the most influential astronomers of antiquity, yet very little information available about him survives; his only extant work is his commentary on the astronomical poem of Aratus (third century B.C.), the Commentary on the Phainomena of Eudoxus and Aratus . Other works by Hipparchus (now lost) included an astronomical calendar , books on optics and arithmetic, a treatise entitled On Objects Carried Down by their Weight , geographical and astrological writings, and a catalogue of his own work. The
Article About "Hipparchus" In The English Wikipedia On 24-Jul-2004 hipparchus is believed to have died on the island of rhodes, where he spent mostof his later life Ptolemy attributes observations to him from rhodes in http://july.fixedreference.org/en/20040724/wikipedia/Hipparchus
Extractions: The Hipparchus reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference : snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org) For the Athenian tyrant, see Hipparchus (son of Pisistratus) Hipparchus Greek ) (circa 190 BC 120 BC ) was a Greek astronomer geographer , and mathematician . The ESA 's Hipparcos Space Astrometry Mission was named after him. Hipparchus was born in Nicaea (now in Turkey) and probably died on the island of Rhodes . He is known to have been active at least from 147 BC to 127 BC . Hipparchus is considered the greatest astronomical observer, and by some the greatest astronomer altogether, of antiquity. He was the first Greek to develop quantitative and accurate models for the motion of the Sun and Moon. For this he made use of the observations and knowledge accumulated over centuries by the Chaldeans from Babylonia . He was also the first to compile a trigonometric table, which allowed him to solve any triangle. With his solar and lunar theories and his numerical trigonometry, he was probably the first to develop a reliable method to predict solar eclipses. His other achievements include the discovery of precession , the compilation of the first star catalogue , and probably the invention of the astrolabe Claudius Ptolemaeus three centuries later depended much on Hipparchus. However, his synthesis of astronomy superseded Hipparchus's work: although Hipparchus wrote at least 14 books, only his commentary on the popular astronomical poem by
Malaspina Great Books - Hipparchus (c. 190 BCE) hipparchus had made a lot of astronomical instruments, which were used for a After that he lived from 141 BC to 126 BC mostly on the island of rhodes, http://www.malaspina.com/site/person_639.asp
Rhodes. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 rhodes was early influenced by the Minoan civilization of Crete and was colonized figures included the painter Protogenes and the astronomer hipparchus. http://www.bartleby.com/65/rh/Rhodes.html
Extractions: Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Rhodes (r dz) ( KEY ) or th KEY ) , island (1990 est. pop. 90,000), c.540 sq mi (1,400 sq km), SE Greece, in the Aegean Sea; largest of the
Rhodes: Definition And Much More From Answers.com rhodes ( rodz ) An island of southeast Greece in the Aegean Sea off major figuresincluded the painter Protogenes and the astronomer hipparchus. http://www.answers.com/topic/rhodes
Extractions: An island of southeast Greece in the Aegean Sea off southwest Turkey. It is the largest of the Dodecanese Islands and was colonized by Dorians from Argos before 1000 B.C. and strongly influenced by the Minoan culture of Crete. The ancient city of Rhodes, on the northeast end of the island near the present-day city of Rhodes, was founded c. 408 B.C. Its harbor was the site of the Colossus of Rhodes, a bronze statue erected 292â280 B.C. that was one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The modern city has a population of 55,600. Encyclopedia Rhodes rÅdz ) or R³dhos r´ th ´s ) , island (1990 est. pop. 90,000), c.540 sq mi (1,400 sq km), SE Greece, in the Aegean Sea; largest of the Dodecanese , near Turkey. Land and Economy The island has fertile coastal strips where wheat, tobacco, cotton, olives, wine grapes, oranges, and vegetables are grown. The interior is mountainous, rising to 3,986 ft (1,215 m) on Mt. Attavyros. Tourism is the island's most important industry, and fishing and winemaking are pursued. There is a large tourist industry. History Rhodes was early influenced by the Minoan civilization of Crete and was colonized before 1000 B.C.
Science In Christian Perspective during the second half of the third Century BC, by hipparchus at rhodes acentury later, and by Ptolemy again at Alexandria, in the Second Century AD. http://www.asa3.org/ASA/PSCF/1973/JASA3-73Leith.html
Extractions: The year of 1973 has been designated Copernican Year in honor of the 500th anniversary of the birth of Copernicus M 1473. In keeping with this commemoration, the journal ASA offers o four-port publication of a paper presented by T. H. Leith at the 1972 Convention of the American Scientific Affiliation at York University. The Copernican revolution began in the first decade of the Sixteenth century in an unpublished manuscript, entitled the Commentary, by a rather obscure household physician in a bishop's palace in northern Europe. Some thirty years later the seeds of its heliocentric reformation of astronomy were to find a stony reception in the minds of two other reformers: Luther called its author a fool and Melanchthon was prodded by it to remark that "wise governments ought to repress the impudence of the intellectuals ". In 1543 there appeared in print Copernicus' full defence of his unsettling scheme, the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.
Science, Civilization And Society (Nicaea, Bithynia), d. after 127 BC (rhodes?) Most information about hipparchus work comes from writings of Strabo of Amaseia, who worked about 21 AD, http://www.es.flinders.edu.au/~mattom/science society/lectures/illustrations/lec
Astronomy hipparchus worked on the island of rhodes from 161 to 126 BC (obviously an originalrhodes scholar but in a different class to Bob Hawke or Bill Clinton) http://jacq.istos.com.au/sundry/astro.html
Extractions: The Sumerians and ancient greeks were expert astronomers. I have not got much data on Sumerian astronomers, but suffice to say that they gave us the degree as a unit of angular measurement as they liked a sexagesimal system and 360 was almost the same as the number of days in a year. The Greeks came later but on quite a few of them I can find enough data to help me fill this page. Among them we find the following people: Hicetas of Syracuse (4th century BC) And on a saturday afternoon (it could have been a sunday) while relaxing on a lounge chair in his backyard, he decided that the reason the moon was showing only 1/2 a circle at the first quarter (or was it the last ?) was obviously because the sun was making a right angle triangle between sun, moon, and Aristarchus himself. He immediately set out to measure the angle between the moon and the sun, and using his trigonometric tables (yes they sort of already existed back then) he concluded that the tangent of 87 degrees being about 20, the sun was 20 times further away from the earth than was the moon.
Hipparchus (c. 190-120 BC) hipparchus or Hipparchos of Nicaea did his observations from rhodes between 146and 127 BC. He was the first astronomer who compiled a catalog of 850 stars; http://www.seds.org/messier/xtra/Bios/hipparchus.html
Extractions: Hipparchus or Hipparchos of Nicaea did his observations from Rhodes between 146 and 127 BC. He was the first astronomer who compiled a catalog of 850 stars; this work was perhaps triggered by the observation of a "New Star" (Nova) in the constellation Scorpius in 134 BC (according to Roman historian Pliny). He included two "nebulous objects" in his catalog, the Praesepe star cluster (M44, NGC 2632) and the Double Star Cluster in Perseus, h+chi Persei (NGC 869+884) By comparing his observations with earlier observers, in particular Timocharis and Aristyllus of Alexandria (c. 280 B.C.), Hipparchus discovered the precession of equinoxes. To remarkable acuracy, he obtained measurements of the value of precession, the length of the year, and (from eclipse observations) the distance of the Moon. Hipparchus is commemorated by the naming of Moon Crater Hipparchus (5.1S, 5.2E, 138 km diameter, officially named in 1935), Mars Crater Hipparchus (44.8S, 151.4W, 93 km, in 1973), asteroid (4000) Hipparchus (discovered January 4, 1989 by S. Ueda and H. Kaneda in Kushiro, provisionally named 1989 AV and, on various pre-discovery sightings, 1963 XA, 1975 TW4, 1977 FZ2, 1978 NG8, 1979 WU4, 1984 YX5 and 1987 SD18), as well as ESA's astrometric satellite Hipparcos. Links
[130.06] Latitude For The Observer Of Ptolemy's Catalog For centuries, researchers have claimed that substantial portions of Ptolemy sAlmagest have been taken from hipparchus in rhodes (latitude 36.2 north). http://www.aas.org/publications/baas/v31n5/aas195/937.htm
Extractions: This greek philosopher compiled the first catalogue of stars (at least the first we keep the trace of) containing about a thousand. He observed between 146 and 127BC from the city of Rhodes and his catalogue mentions the "nebulae" M44 and the Perseus double cluster. He introduced the notion of magnitude to estimate stars' brightness. The catalogue of PTOLEMY is largely inspired by this catalogue.
Laputan Logic - The Clockwork Computer movement around a fixed earth devised by Apollonius of Perga and Hipparchusof rhodes (later superceded by the heliocentric model of Copernicus). http://www.laputanlogic.com/articles/2002/10/20-83388235.html
Extractions: Every one knew how laborious the usual Method is of attaining to Arts and Sciences; whereas by his Contrivance, the most ignorant Person at a reasonable Charge, and with a little bodily Labour, may write Books in Philosophy, Poetry, Politicks, Law, Mathematicks and Theology, without the least Assistance from Genius or Study. var site="sm1laputan" Laputan Logic Fanciful. Preposterous. Absurd. The clockwork computer Posted on Wednesday 4 May 2005 In 1900 a sponge diver called Elias Stadiatos discovered the wreck of an ancient merchant ship off the tiny island of Antikythera near Crete. The corbita , dating from the first century B.C., was heavily laden with treasure of all kinds, original bronze life-size statues, marble reproductions of older works, jewelry, wine, fine furniture and one immensely complicated scientific instrument. The Antikythera mechanism was originally housed in a wooden box about the size of a shoebox with dials on the outside and a complex clockwork assembly of gears inscribed and configured to produce solar and lunar positions in synchronization with the calendar year . By rotating a handle on its side, its owner could read on its front and back dials the progressions of the lunar and synodic months over four-year cycles. The device has been estimated to be accurate to
ХипаÑÑ Ñа РодоÑа - ÐикиРThe summary for this Russian page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ХипаÑÑ _Ñа_Родо
