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Carbon-14 Dating:     more books (21)

The carbon-14 method of age determination by Frank H. H Roberts, 1952 Application of a new carbon-14 counting technique to earthquake studies (Open file report / U.S. Geological Survey) by Allen B Tucker, 1981 Carbon-14 counting by accelerator mass spectrometry: Application to earthquake dating by Allen B Tucker, 1985 Carbon 14: Nuclear clock for archeology (Scientific American. [Offprint]) by Willard F Libby, 1968 Dendrochronologic calibration of the carbon-14 time scale by P. E Damon, 1972 National radiocarbon 14 measurement and applications by J. Laurence Kulp, 1950

lists with details

21. The Tartan Online : How Things Work: Carbon-14 Dating
    While some college students might have trouble figuring out how long that Pad Thai’s been sitting in the refrigerator, scientists can use carbon14 dating  
    http://www.thetartan.org/2007/4/9/scitech/work
    
    Extractions: Carnegie Mellon's Student Newspaper Since 1906 April 09, 2007 Join the Staff Advertising Subscribe About Us ... Contact Us Sci/Tech Sarah Mogin Jenn Kennedy Carbon-14 dating determines the age of mummies based on levels of carbon-14 present. While some college students might have trouble figuring out how long that Pad Thai’s been sitting in the refrigerator, scientists can use carbon-14 dating to determine the age of materials as old as 60,000 years. Carbon-14 dating, or radiocarbon dating, uses the amount of carbon-14 in a substance to calculate its age. Scientists can detect the amount of carbon in a material using a process called mass spectronomy, where a magnetic field is used to direct particles toward a sheet of metal with a tiny slit. The magnetic field will curve the paths of the less massive particles to a greater extent than those of the more massive particles, and the slit is placed so that only the particles with the desired mass (that of carbon-14) will go through it. Carbon-14 dating was developed in 1949 by Willard Libby, who later won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for the discovery and advancement of the procedure.

22. Creation Expeditions - What About Carbon-14 Dating?
    This dating method supposedly proves that the earth is millions of years old, but does it really? Scientists use carbon14 dating all the time to calculate  
    http://www.creationexpeditions.com/?news_and_articles/a/2005-08-16_01

23. Carbon-14 Dating
    Problem Dating methods (currently Carbon14) are cited as definitely proving that man has been on the earth for at least 30000 years.  
    http://www.wrestedscriptures.com/c03carbon-14/carbon14.html
    
    Extractions: In order to critically appraise the claim that C-14 "definitely proves" the age of man to be at least 30,000 years, a description of C-14 dating is required: The C-14 dating method is only reliable if the general assumption of the uniformity of nature is valid. Uniformity of nature is the belief that present causes solely have operated in the past. Within this general assumption are two particular assumptions: That fossilized creatures when living had as much C-14 as similar things have today. That the rate of decay of C-14 has remained constant (i.e., that the rate of decay has not changed in the interval from when the creatures lived to the present day).

24. Carbon-14 Dating - Radioactive Isotope Carbon-14 Dating
    Carbon14 is used by archaeologists for dating artifacts.  
    http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/artarchaeologyarchitect/g/cardon14dating.htm
    
    Extractions: zGCID=" test0" zGCID=" test0 test6" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') You are here: About Education Ancient / Classical History Studying Ancient History ... C-CA Carbon-14 Dating - Radioactive Isotope Carbon-14 Dating Ancient / Classical History Education Ancient History Essentials ... Submit to Digg Suggested Reading Early Christianity Glossary Qumran Glossary Ancient / Classical History Glossary Suggested Reading Neolithic Age Bronze Age Iron Age Suggested Reading Defining Ancient History Archaeology Most Popular Major Gods and Goddesses of the World Achilles Fall of Rome Attila the Hun ... Battle at Thermopylae From Library of Congress Definition: Carbon-14 dating: a heavy radioactive isotope of carbon of mass number 14 used in dating archaeological and geological materials. Suggested Reading Early Christianity Glossary Qumran Glossary Ancient / Classical History Glossary Suggested Reading Neolithic Age Bronze Age Iron Age Suggested Reading Defining Ancient History Archaeology Related Articles Carbon-14 Dating Stable Isotopes for Dummies Isotope Stable Isotopes in Archaeology: Applications ... Carbon Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements Preventing Diabetes Diabetes Warning Signs Keep Kids Diabetes-Free What is Diabetes?

25. Carbon-14 Dating Shows That The Earth Is Young, By Curt Sewell
    We also discuss the basics of its radioactive behavior, and the principles of the carbon14 dating Method, including its assumptions.  
    http://ldolphin.org/sewell/c14dating.html
    
    Extractions: Carbon-14 Dating Shows that the Earth is Young by Curt Sewell Summary This article describes Carbon-14, and how it's distributed throughout all living objects. We also discuss the basics of its radioactive behavior, and the principles of the Carbon-14 Dating Method, including its assumptions. In the last part of this article, we discuss some new scientific evidence, showing that some basic assumptions are in error. At least one of these errors actually becomes a strong evidence that the Earth cannot be more than about 100,000 years old. Setting the Stage I'd like to begin this article by describing one example of Carbon-14 dating, performed by one of the leading labs in the dating field. Their carefully done report is a classic illustration of the controversy that exists between most secular scientists and most Biblical creationary scientists. The Hawkesbury Sandstone formation, near Sydney, Australia, is a massive and spectacular mass of hard rock, often used for construction of buildings in Sydney.(1) There are three principle layers of rock massive sandstone, sheet sandstone, and some thin mudstone. Although it is massive (7,700 square miles in area and up to 820 feet thick) it shows many of the features of deposition in fast-flowing waters. There are cross-beds, sloping at about 20 o , some are up to 20 feet high, within the flat-lying strata. These were probably formed by huge sand-waves, swept by massive water flows. A number of lenses of mudstone contain many fossils, mostly of fish, sharks, and aquatic plants. Geologists have assigned it to the Middle Triassic 'age' (225 - 230 million years old), based on fossil content and the relative sequence of rock layers in the Sydney Basin. This "stratigraphic dating" is the technique most widely used by conventional geologists who believe in the long timescale of the Geologic Column.

26. Carbon-14 Dating - CreationWiki, The Encyclopedia Of Creation Science
    carbon14 dating is a radiometric dating technique used to deduce the approximate age of organic remains by measuring the quantity of C-14 isotopes in the  
    http://creationwiki.org/Carbon-14_dating
    
    Extractions: Jump to: navigation search Processing carbon samples for reading on a mass spectrometer to determine carbon isotopic composition. Carbon-14 dating is a radiometric dating technique used to deduce the approximate age of organic remains by measuring the quantity of C-14 isotopes in the sample and comparing them with current atmospheric levels. Evidence of Flood and Young Earth ... See Also C-12 and C-14 are two different isotopes of carbon . C-12 is stable, meaning it does not decay into other elements over time. However, C-14 is not stable. It is formed when cosmic radiation strikes N-14 (Nitrogen), converting it into C-14, and it decays back into N-14, with a half-life of 5730 years, meaning that for any sample of C-14, half of it will decay back into N-14 every 5730 years. Carbon-14 is used to date dead plants and animals, because plants and animals incorporate C-14 into their bodies by eating, drinking, and breathing in an environment containing C-14. Through the life of the organism, the proportion of C-14 to C-12 reaches the same proportion as in the rest of the environment. When the organism dies, however, it ceases to incorporate carbon into its body. At this point, and for the years following, the C-14 in the sample begins to decay back into N-14, while the C-12 does not decay. Both C-14 and C-12 are lost as the body decays, but they are lost

27. Archaeological Dating
    One application is carbon14 dating. Recalling that all biologic organisms contain a given concentration of carbon-14, we can use this information to help  
    http://www.chem.duke.edu/~jds/cruise_chem/nuclear/dating.html
    
    Extractions: Significant progress has been made in this field of study since the discovery of radioactivity and its properties. One application is carbon-14 dating. Recalling that all biologic organisms contain a given concentration of carbon-14, we can use this information to help solve questions about when the organism died. It works like this..when an organism dies it has a specific ratio by mass of carbon-14 to carbon-12 incorporated in the cells of it's body. (The same ratio as in the atmosphere.) At the moment of death, no new carbon-14 containing molecules are metabolized, therefore the ratio is at a maximum. After death, the carbon-14 to carbon-12 ratio begins to decrease because carbon-14 is decaying away at a constant and predictable rate. Remembering that the half-life of carbon-14 is 5700 years, then after 5700 years half as much carbon-14 remains within the organism.

28. Carbon-14 Dating - Britannica Concise
    carbon14 dating Method of determining the age of once-living material, developed by US physicist Willard Libby in 1947.  
    http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9359783/carbon-14-dating
    
    Extractions: or radiocarbon dating Method of determining the age of once-living material, developed by U.S. physicist Willard Libby in 1947. It depends on the decay of the radioactive isotope carbon-14 (radiocarbon) to nitrogen. All living plants and animals continually take in carbon: green plants absorb it in the form of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and it is passed to animals through the food chain. Some of this carbon is radioactive carbon-14, which slowly decays to the stable isotope nitrogen-14. When an organism dies it stops taking in carbon, so the amount of carbon-14 in its tissues steadily decreases. Because carbon-14 decays at a constant rate, the time since an organism died can be estimated by measuring the amount of radiocarbon in its remains. The method is a useful technique for dating fossils and archaeological specimens from 500 to 50,000 years old and is widely used by geologists, anthropologists, and archaeologists. document.writeln(AAMB2);

29. Math101: Carbon-14 Dating
    (According to Radiocarbon dating by Sheridan Bowman (British Museum Publications, 1990), the currently accepted halflife for Carbon-14 is 5530 years.  
    http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/adurfee/calculus/carbon-14.htm
    
    Extractions: The above images are from H. W. Janson, History of Art (Abrams 1991). Janson gives the date of these paintings as 15,000-10,000 B.C. Positive image of the Shroud (1933) Negative image of the Shroud (1933) These images are from the web site of the Holy Shroud Guild . The shroud was first exhibited in France in the 1350's. Problems Use 5530 years for the value of the half-life in the following problems. (According to Radiocarbon dating by Sheridan Bowman (British Museum Publications, 1990), the currently accepted half-life for Carbon-14 is 5530 years. However, the value of 5568 years was given in the 1940's by Willard Libby and this is the value commonly used today despite the fact that there are better estimates available; apparently it's too confusing to have two values for the half-life, and results are corrected to reflect the true value of 5530 years.) 1. In 1950, a Geiger counter recorded about 1.68 disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon from some charcoal fragments found in the cave at Lascaux. For living wood (eg in a tree) the number of disintegrations is about 13.5 per minute per gram of carbon. Estimate the age of the charcoal fragments at Lascaux (and hence the age of the paintings). (From Modeling and Visualization with ODE Architect by R. Borrelli and C. Coleman)

30. Science And Environment: How Carbon-14 Dating Works
    carbon14 dating is a laboratory technique used to determine the age of organic materials from the past. Radioactive decay is measured in several ways.  
    http://www.essortment.com/hobbies/scienceenvironm_sbvx.htm
    
    Extractions: Science and environment: how carbon-14 dating works Carbon-14 dating is a laboratory technique used to determine the age of organic materials from the past. Radioactive decay is measured in several ways. Carbon-14 Dating is a method scientists use to determine the age of a variety of items, including ancient cultural artifacts and remains of extinct animals. Willard Libby invented it in the 1950s, and in 1960, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his achievements. In the upper atmosphere, cosmic radiation knocks neutrons out of atomic nuclei. These neutrons react with a small percentage of nitrogen in the atmosphere to become radioactive carbon – 14 (or radiocarbon). This happens through a process called “neutron capture.” The vast majority of carbon molecules contain 6 protons and 6 neutrons, for an atomic weight of 12. But when the carbon has captured 2 extra neutrons from nitrogen, it becomes the radioactive isotope carbon –14. (An “isotope” is a variation of an element that has a different number of neutrons and thus a different atomic weight.) Plants survive by breathing in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Animals all eat either plants or other animals, which eat plants. For this reason, all living things ultimately take in carbon. That carbon should be in a proportion of C-14 to C-12 equivalent to that in the air. When a plant or animal dies, the “carbon clock” begins. As the dead organism decays, the carbon-14 in it decays through radiation to again become nitrogen. Nitrogen is a gas, and escapes into the air.

31. YouTube - Young Earth Creationists And Carbon-14 "dating" Of Diamonds
    Young earth creationists are using this carbon14 dating of diamonds to argue that geologists are all wrong that the earth has been around for millions  
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-o7ArSeSOY&feature=related

32. The Straight Dope Mailbag: The Straight Dope Mailbag: How Does Carbon-14 Dating
    How does carbon14 dating work? 02-Oct-2000. Dear Straight Dope. Hey, what I can t figure out is carbon dating. They can carbon date the Shroud of Turin,  
    http://www.straightdope.com/mailbag/mcarbon14.html
    
    Extractions: Home Page Message Boards News Archive ... FAQs, etc. From Cecil's Mailbag by the Straight Dope Science Advisory Board How does carbon-14 dating work? 02-Oct-2000 Dear Straight Dope: Hey, what I can't figure out is carbon dating. They can carbon date the Shroud of Turin, and realize it wasn't made 2,000 years ago, right? Well, before it was shroud, it was, like, wool or something, and before it was wool or somethnig, it was hairs on a sheep's back, right? Blah, blah, blah (you can see where I'm going with this). So at what point does something's carbon b-day start? Am I missing the point entirely here? I need your help, man. Randy SDSTAFF Ken replies: The broad principles behind carbon dating are fairly simple to explain. Look at your standard periodic table. Carbon is element 6, with an atomic mass of 12. Sunlight (cosmic radiation) strikes the upper atmosphere and converts a small amount of nitrogen (element 7, atomic mass of 14) into the unstable radioactive iostope carbon-14. The C-14 then gets bound into carbon dioxide gas molecules in the atmosphere, and thus absorbed into plant life. The plants are consumed by animals, and thus C-14 appears in all living creatures on Earth. When an organism dies, the C-14 in its cells is no longer replenished and so begins to decay, to revert back to nitrogen, at a constant, measurable rate. The half-life is about 5730 years. Therefore, we need only count the amounts of carbon-12 and carbon14 in the organic material, and compare the results, and voila! we have an initial estimate of the agethat is, the point at which the organism stopped absorbing C-14.

33. Carbon-14 Dating
    This talk presents the scientific evidence that demonstrates why carbon14 dating is not reliable as a technique for determining the true age of fossils.  
    http://www.nwcreation.net/presentations/carbon-14.html

34. CD011: Carbon Dating.
    In such cases, the errors belong to the creationists, not the carbon14 dating method. Radiocarbon dating has been repeatedly tested, demonstrating its  
    http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CD/CD011.html
    
    Extractions: Index to Creationist Claims Previous Claim: CD010 List of Claims Next Claim: CD011.1 Carbon-14 dating gives unreliable results. Lee, Robert E., 1981. Radiocarbon: Ages in error. Anthropological Journal of Canada 19(3): 9-29. Reprinted in Creation Research Society Quarterly Any tool will give bad results when misused. Radiocarbon dating has some known limitations. Any measurement that exceeds these limitations will probably be invalid. In particular, radiocarbon dating works to find ages as old as 50,000 years but not much older. Using it to date older items will give bad results. Samples can be contaminated with younger or older carbon, again invalidating the results. Because of excess C released into the atmosphere from the Industrial Revolution and excess C produced by atmospheric nuclear testing during the 1950s, materials less than 150 years old cannot be dated with radiocarbon (Faure 1998, 294). In their claims of errors, creationists do not consider misuse of the technique. It is not uncommon for them to misuse radiocarbon dating by attempting to date samples that are millions of years old (for example, Triassic "wood" ) or that have been treated with organic substances. In such cases, the errors belong to the creationists, not the carbon-14 dating method.

35. Carbon-14 Dating - Picture - MSN Encarta
    The approximate date a fossilized organism died can be determined through a technique called carbon14 (C-14) dating. All living organisms absorb C-14,  
    http://encarta.msn.com/media_461563168_761577017_-1_1/Carbon-14_Dating.html
    
    Extractions: var s_account="msnportalencarta"; MSN home Mail My MSN Sign in ... more Hotmail Messenger My MSN MSN Directory Air Tickets/Travel Autos City Guides Election 2008 ... More Additional Reference Materials Thesaurus Translations Multimedia Other Resources Education Resources Math Help Foreign Language Help Project Planner ... Appears in Picture from Encarta The approximate date a fossilized organism died can be determined through a technique called carbon-14 (C-14) dating. All living organisms absorb C-14, an unstable form of the element carbon that slowly decays into nitrogen-14 (N-14). During its lifetime, an organism continually replenishes its supply of C-14 by breathing and eating. After the organism dies and becomes a fossil, C-14 decays without being replaced. Scientists know the rate at which C-14 decays and can detect the electrons that C-14 emits as it decays. Counting these electrons dates the fossil because older fossils contain less C-14 and emit fewer electrons. Appears in these articles: Carbon; Neutron; Dating Methods; Archaeology ... Join Now Advertisement

36. 5.3: What About Carbon-14 Dating? (Creation Versus Evolution)
    Isotope dating takes advantage of the fact that radioactive  
    http://stason.org/TULARC/science-engineering/skeptic/5-3-What-about-Carbon-14-da

37. Carbon-14 Dating Small Samples Counting
    Your browser may not have a PDF reader available. Google recommends visiting our text version of this document.  
    http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/206/4419/683.pdf

38. Lets Talk Radiocarbon Dating - Part One « Seeking Reality
    To make carbon14 dating work, Dr. Libby also assumed that the amount of carbon-14 being presently produced had equaled the amount of carbon-12 – he assumed  
    http://rekarnar.wordpress.com/2008/01/11/lets-talk-radiocarbon-dating-part-one/
    
    Extractions: because it isnt always right there awesome blueprint ca christianity ... work January 2008 December 2007 November 2007 October 2007 ... January 11, 2008 Carbon has a weight of twelve atomic mass units (AMU’s), and is the building block of all organic matter (plants and animals). A small percentage of carbon atoms have an atomic weight of 14 AMU’s. This is carbon-14. Carbon-14 is an unstable, radioactive isotope of carbon 12. For every one trillion carbon-12 atoms, you will find one carbon-14 atom. Carbon-14 is made when cosmic rays knock neutrons out of atomic nuclei in the upper atmosphere. These displaced neutrons, now moving fast, hit ordinary nitrogen ( N) at lower altitudes, converting it into C. Unlike common carbon ( C), C is unstable and slowly decays, changing it back to nitrogen and releasing energy. This instability makes it radioactive. Plants utilize, or “breath in” carbon dioxide, then ultimately release oxygen for animals to inhale. The carbon-14 dioxide is utilized by plants in the same way normal carbon dioxide is. This carbon-14 dioxide then ends up in humans and other animals as it moves up the food chain.

39. Carbon-14 Dating. Text - Physics Forums Library
    For areas that carbon14 dating is not possible, they normally use the skills of geology and/or the environment surrounding it (like animal bones or plants)  
    http://www.physicsforums.com/archive/index.php/t-109815.html
    
    Extractions: For areas that carbon-14 dating is not possible, they normally use the skills of geology and/or the environment surrounding it (like animal bones or plants). If these other methods are considered pretty inaccurate compared to carbon-14 dating, and if they say carbon-14 is inaccurate in itself, that makes the other methods utterly useless to rely on. Some scientists rely on these other methods, especially the paleonanthropologists in South Africa.

40. Dating The Earth - Carbon-14 And More « Fizzy Musings
    This article on the Christian Answers Network explores the question of carbon14 dating, and other dating methods, how these work, and some of the issues  
    http://fikalo.wordpress.com/2007/12/10/dating-the-earth-carbon-14-and-more/
    
    Extractions: Monday, December 10, 2007 by fikalo This article on the Christian Answers Network http://www.christiananswers.net/q-aig/aig-c007.html (accessed 10 December 2007). Posted in Apologetics Creation Genesis Apologetics ... Comments RSS Name (required) Mail (will not be published) (required) Website Apologetics Art Bible Study Book Review ... women Apologetics Art articles Australia ... women More Photos 194. Acrocanthosaurus atokensis

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