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William Of Ockham:     more books (100)

THE TRACTATUS DE PRAEDESTINATIONE ET DE PRAESCIENTIA DEI ET DE FUTURIS CONTINGENTIBUS ATTRIBUTED TO WILLIAM OCKHAM. by O.F.M. Philotheus Boehner, 1945 Marsilius of Padua and William of Ockham: Great Western Political Thinker by S. Mukherjee, S. Ramaswamy, 2002-09-01 II. Roger Bacon to William of Ockham (Selections from Medieval Philosophers) Intuitive Cognition: a key to the significance of the later scholastics. On Duns Scotus and William of Ockham (Franciscan Institute Publications. Philosophy Series. no. 4.) by Joannes Duns Sebastian J. Day, 1947 Scholastic Philosophers: Roger Bacon, William of Ockham, Albertus Magnus, Alcuin, Catherine of Siena, Alexander of Hales, Alain de Lille Renaissance Latin Writers: William of Ockham, Giovanni Boccaccio, Petrarch, Pope Pius Ii, Leonardo Bruni, Marsilio Ficino Divine Command Theory: William of Ockham, Ten Commandments, Thomas Aquinas, You Shall Not Murder, I Am the Lord Your God, You Shall Not Covet The Effects of Original Sin in the Scholastic Tradition from St. Thomas Aquinas to William Ockham by Charles J. Keating, 1959-01-01 The Divine Ideas According to William of Ockham; Study and Text by Edward Sullivan, 2010-01-17 English Christian Theologians: William of Ockham, Joseph Priestley, George Fox, Robert Grosseteste, Evelyn Underhill, N. T. Wright Alumni of Merton College, Oxford: Andrew Wiles, T. S. Eliot, William of Ockham, C. A. R. Hoare, Frederick Soddy, Alec Jeffreys WILLIAM OF OCKHAM: An entry from Macmillan Reference USA's <i>Encyclopedia of Religion</i> by Gordon Leff, 2005 William of Ockham: Principle of Sufficient Reason, Thomism, Physics, Fraticelli, Michael of Cesena, Nominalism SELECTIONS FROM MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHERS VOL. II: Roger Bacon to William of Ockham by Roger Bacon, Saint Bonaventura, et all 1958

lists with details

61. JSTOR The Political Thought Of William Of Ockham Personal And
    ARTHUR STEPHEN MCGRADE, The Political Thought of william of ockham Per sonal and Institutional Principles. (Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought  
    http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0038-7134(197704)52:2<400:TPTOWO>2.0.CO;2-B

62. Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/William Of Ockham - Wikisource
    In his controversial writings william of ockham appears as the advocate of secular absolutism. He denies the right of the popes to exercise temporal power,  
    http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/William_of_Ockham
    
    Extractions: Fourteenth-century Scholastic philosopher and controversial writer, born at or near the village of Ockham in Surrey, England, about 1280; died probably at Munich, about 1349. He is said to have studied at Merton College, Oxford, and to have had John Duns Scotus for teacher. At an early age he entered the Order of St. Francis. Towards 1310 he went to Paris, where he may have had Scotus once more for a teacher. About 1320 he became a teacher (magister) at the University of Paris. During this portion of his career he composed his works on Aristotelean physics and on logic. In 1323 he resigned his chair at the university in order to devote himself to ecclesiastical politics. In the controversies which were waged at that time between the advocates of the papacy and those who supported the claims of the civil power, he threw his lot with the imperial party, and contributed to the polemical literature of the day a number of pamphlets and treatises, of which the most important are "Opus nonaginta dierum", "Compendium errorum Joannis Pap¦ XXII", "Qu¦stiones octo de auctoritate summi pontificis". He was cited before the pontifical Court at Avignon in 1328, but managed to escape and join John of Jandun and Marsilius of Padua, who had taken refuge at the Court of Louis of Bavaria. It was to Louis that he made the boastful offer, "Tu me defendas gladio; ego te defendam calamo".

63. Ockham's Razor - 16/04/00: Ockham's Razor
    In this small village, seven centuries ago, a boy named William was brought up. As william of ockham, he became a famous theologian, and today his name is  
    http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ockham/stories/s118778.htm
    
    Extractions: Robyn Williams: Is this the last year of the millennium, or the first? Well, whatever you think about that, there is one issue even more fractious from your letters to the Science Unit, and that’s the spelling of Ockham’s Razor: ‘ck’ or ‘cc’. You’d think the fate of the world depends upon it. As does the beginning of the millennium. Anthony Garrett: The village of Ockham is about 25 miles south-west of central London, in England. It is set off the main road from London to Portsmouth, the naval town on the south coast, and nowadays the intersection of this road and the London orbital motorway lies in Ockham Wood. In this small village, seven centuries ago, a boy named William was brought up. As William of Ockham, he became a famous theologian, and today his name is known worldwide for the principle of logic called Ockham’s Razor, which states, broadly, that you should prefer the simplest explanation to fit the facts. He is commemorated in his own village by a window in the parish church. I will tell William’s story and the story of his razor principle, which has recently found expression in my own field, probability theory. The ironies continue. The idea is most famous from a Latin aphorism, ‘Entia non sunt multiplicanda praeter necessitatem’, broadly, ideas should not proliferate unnecessarily. When most scholars were taught Latin, until just 30 or 40 years ago, this was a commonplace phrase. Although it was generally assumed to have been written by William, it was in fact a summary from half way between his time and ours, by an Irish scholar, John Ponce. The idea was finally given the name ‘Ockham’s Razor’ as recently as the 19th century, by William Hamilton, changing the use of ‘razor’ from William’s mind to the principle itself, presumably because it cuts away unnecessary complication.

64. Open Book: William Of Ockham
    Here I go again this week s In Our Time, from BBC radio, focused on william of ockham, and was quite a good introduction. They pretty much stayed with  
    http://amywelborn.typepad.com/openbook/2007/06/william_of_ockh.html

65. William Of Occam
    william of Occam. (or ockham), 12851349?), known as Doctor Invincibilis (Latin, “unconquerable doctor”) and Venerabilis Inceptor (Latin,  
    http://paedpsych.jk.uni-linz.ac.at/Internet/ArbeitsblaetterOrd/PHILOSOPHIEORD/Oc
    
    Extractions: Ockham was born in Surrey, England. He entered the Franciscan order and studied and taught at the University of Oxford from 1309 to 1319. Denounced by Pope John XXII for dangerous teachings, he was held in house detention for four years (1324-28) at the papal palace in Avignon, France, while the orthodoxy of his writings was examined. Siding with the Franciscan general against the pope in a dispute over Franciscan poverty, Ockham fled to Munich in 1328 to seek the protection of Louis IV, Holy Roman emperor, who had rejected papal authority over political matters. Excommunicated by the pope, Ockham wrote against the papacy and defended the emperor until the latter's death in 1347. The philosopher died in Munich, apparently of the plague, while seeking reconciliation with Pope Clement VI. Ockham won fame as a rigorous logician who used logic to show that many beliefs of Christian philosophers (for example, that God is one, omnipotent, creator of all things; and that the human soul is immortal) could not be proved by philosophical or natural reason but only by divine revelation. His name is applied to the principle of economy in formal logic, known as Ockham's razor , which states that entities are not to be multiplied without necessity.

66. What Is Occam S Razor?
    Occam s (or ockham s) razor is a principle attributed to the 14th century logician and Franciscan friar; william of Occam. ockham was the village in the  
    http://www.weburbia.com/physics/occam.html

67. Occam S Razor
    Occam s razor is a logical principle attributed to the mediaeval philosopher william of Occam (or ockham). The principle states that one should not make  
    http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/OCCAMRAZ.html
    
    Extractions: one should not increase, beyond what is necessary, the number of entities required to explain anything Occam's razor is a logical principle attributed to the mediaeval philosopher William of Occam (or Ockham). The principle states that one should not make more assumptions than the minimum needed. This principle is often called the principle of parsimony . It underlies all scientific modelling and theory building. It admonishes us to choose from a set of otherwise equivalent models of a given phenomenon the simplest one. In any given model, Occam's razor helps us to "shave off" those concepts, variables or constructs that are not really needed to explain the phenomenon. By doing that, developing the model will become much easier, and there is less chance of introducing inconsistencies, ambiguities and redundancies. Though the principle may seem rather trivial, it is essential for model building because of what is known as the "underdetermination of theories by data". For a given set of observations or data, there is always an infinite number of possible models explaining those same data. This is because a model normally represents an infinite number of possible cases, of which the observed cases are only a finite subset. The non-observed cases are inferred by postulating general rules covering both actual and potential observations. For example, through two data points in a diagram you can always draw a straight line, and induce that all further observations will lie on that line. However, you could also draw an infinite variety of the most complicated curves passing through those same two points, and these curves would fit the empirical data just as well. Only Occam's razor would in this case guide you in choosing the "straight" (i.e. linear) relation as best candidate model. A similar reasoning can be made for

68. William Of Occam — Infoplease.com
    william of Occam or ockham (both ok um) key, c.1285–c.1349, English scholastic philosopher. A Franciscan, Occam studied and taught at Oxford from c.1310  
    http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0852318.html
    
    Extractions: google_ad_client = 'pub-1894504138907931'; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 240; google_ad_format = '120x240_as'; google_ad_type = 'text'; google_ad_channel =''; google_color_border = ['336699','B4D0DC','DFF2FD','B0E0E6']; google_color_bg = ['FFFFFF','ECF8FF','DFF2FD','FFFFFF']; google_color_link = ['0000FF','0000CC','0000CC','000000']; google_color_url = ['008000','008000','008000','336699']; google_color_text = ['000000','6F6F6F','000000','333333']; Encyclopedia William of Occam or Ockham u m) [ key Dialogus is a thorough discussion of political theories. See his philosophical writings (tr. and ed. by P. Boehner, 1957); biography by M. M. Adams (2 vol., 1986); see also E. A. Moody, The Logic of William of Ockham (1935, repr. 1965); A. S. McCrade

69. Ockham, William Of (ca. 1285-1349) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific
    ockham, william of (ca. 12851349) the simpler one is more nearly valid and is now known as ockham s razor Eric Weisstein s World of Physics .  
    http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Ockham.html
    
    Extractions: English scholar who joined the Franciscan order and studied and lectured at Oxford. He maintained that theology was faith combined with the performance of individual rituals and was not amenable to reason. He believed abstractions to be inherently untrue. His statement "entities must not needlessly be multiplied" came to be interpreted to mean that, of two theories, the simpler one is more nearly valid and is now known as " Ockham's razor "

70. William Of Occam Page
    william of Occam (also spelled ockham) was a Franciscan monk born in the village of ockham in Surrey, England in 1285. It is believed that he died in a  
    http://www.burtonreport.com/InfSpine/OccamPage.htm
    
    Extractions: William of Occam William of Occam (also spelled Ockham) was a Franciscan monk born in the village of Ockham in Surrey, England in 1285. It is believed that he died in a convent in Munich, Germany in 1349 succumbing to the black plague. Known as the "Doctor Invincibilis", (unconquerable doctor) he won fame as a rigorous logician. His philosophy representing the principle of economy in science came to be referred to as William of Occam’s "razor." This rule which said that plurality should not be assumed without necessity can be applied to medicine in modern terms as "it is needless to do more when less will suffice." As Isadore Tarlov M.D. , neurosurgeon, pointed out in his text The Principle of Parsimony in Medicine (Charles C. Thomas: Springfield IL, 1969): "What we have not generally done in medical practice, even in the twentieth century, is to use Occam’s razor as wisely and effectively as Copernicus used it in the sixteenth century." This reference regards the brilliant application by this Prussian philosopher, mathematician, and astrologer who "reduced the number of circles required to explain the apparent movement of the heavens to thirty-four from the eighty or so used by Ptolemy." A primary goal of the Burton Report is to assist in reintroducing William of Occam's Razor as an important value for our present health care system.

71. William Of Occam (Ockham) - Research And Read Books, Journals
    Research william of Occam at the Questia.com online library.  
    http://www.questia.com/library/philosophy/william-of-occam.jsp

72. William Ockham On LibraryThing | Catalog Your Books Online
    LibraryThing catalogs yours books online, easily, quickly and for free.  
    http://www.librarything.com/author/ockhamwilliam
    
    Extractions: Language: English [ others add a picture Also known as: Ockham G de Ockham Guilelmus de Ockham Guillaume d' Ockham ... of Ockham William ca. ca. 1349 Members Reviews Rating Favorited Conversations combine/separate works Average: 0.5 stars 1 stars 1.5 stars 2 stars 2.5 stars 3 stars 3.5 stars 4 stars 4.5 stars 5 stars view history You must log in to edit Common Knowledge data. For more help see the Common Knowledge help page Canonical name Gender Date of birth Date of death Burial location Nationality Places of residence Education Occupations Organizations Awards and honors Agents Short biography Disambiguation notice brunellus garver adancingstar HornOrSilk ... see all users 14th century b chinese England ... theology edit delete Wikipedia author page 1 members: singinanarchist Also known as?

73. Howstuffworks "William Of Occam"
    william of Occam was a philosopher and Franciscan monk who was excommunicated for his writings. Read why Occam s Razor is named after william of Occam.  
    http://people.howstuffworks.com/occams-razor1.htm
    
    Extractions: Inside This Article Introduction to How Occam's Razor Works William of Occam Occam's Razor and the Scientific Method Who Uses Occam's Razor? Opposition to Occam's Razor Lots More Information ... articles So who is this Occam fellow? Actually Occam (or Ockham) is a town in England , not a man. More specifically, its the town where William of Occam was born. William lived from about 1285 to 1349, during the medieval age, a time when surnames were uncommon and people were known by their place of provenance [source: Beckett William lived as a philosopher and a Franciscan monk , a pious man who took very seriously his vow of poverty , meaning he lived using only what was absolutely necessary. One might get the impression that it was this vow of poverty a form of simplicity that gave William his big idea. In fact, the basis of Occam's razor was an already well-established line of medieval thought by William's time. William captured the essence of the principle and packaged it in a way that was easily understood (by anyone who knew

74. WILLIAM OF OCCAM (d. C... - Online Information Article About WILLIAM OF OCCAM (d
    william OF OCCAM (dc.. Online Information article about william OF OCCAM (dc..  
    http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/NUM_ORC/OCCAM_WILLIAM_OF_d_c_1349_.html
    
    Extractions: Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition. Online Encyclopedia Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 966 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica. Make a correction to this article. Add information or comments to this article. Spread the word: del.icio.us it! See also: WILLIAM OF See also: OCCAM (d. c. 1349) See also: English schoolman, known as See also: Doctor invincibilis and Venerabilis inceptor, was See also: born in the See also: village of Ockham, See also: Surrey , towards the end of the 13th See also: century . Unattested tradition says that the See also: Franciscans persuaded him while yet a boy to enter their See also: ORDER ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")

75. William Of Occam - Definition Of William Of Occam By The Free Online Dictionary,
    Definition of william of Occam in the Online Dictionary. Meaning of william of Occam. What does william of Occam mean? william of Occam synonyms, william of  
    http://www.thefreedictionary.com/William of Occam

76. William Of Occam - Hutchinson Encyclopedia Article About William Of Occam
    Hutchinson encyclopedia article about william of Occam. william of Occam. Information about william of Occam in the Hutchinson encyclopedia.  
    http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/William of Occam
    
    Extractions: encyclopedia Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus Encyclopedia Wikipedia 0.04 sec. write_ads(AdsNum, 0) English philosopher and scholastic logician who revived the fundamentals of nominalism. As a Franciscan monk he defended evangelical poverty against Pope John XXII, becoming known as the Invincible Doctor. He was imprisoned in Avignon, France, on charges of heresy in 1328 but escaped to Munich, Germany, where he died. The principle of reducing assumptions to the absolute minimum is known as Occam's razor hut(2)

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