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Elion Gertrude B: more detail

Lemelson-Mit Program: Lemelson-mit Prize, Daniel Dilorenzo, Gertrude B. Elion
Gertrude Elion: Master Chemist (Masters of Invention) by Stephanie St. Pierre, 1993-06
Gertrude Elion: Nobel Prize Winner in Physiology and Medicine (Women Hall of Famers in Mathematics and Science) by Jennifer Macbain, Jennifer Macbain-Stephens, 2004-06
Gertrude Elion And The Development Of Revolutionary Medications (Unlocking the Secrets of Science) by Joanne Mattern, 2004-11-30

lists with details

Gertrude Belle Elion
More on gertrude Belle elion from Fact Monster. gertrude Belle elion elion,gertrude Belle , 191899, American pharmacologist, b.
http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0767132.html
Gertrude Belle Elion
elion, gertrude Belle , 191899, American pharmacologist, b. New York City, BSHunter College, 1937. Unable to find research work (largely because she was a
http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0817086.html

Extractions: Reference Desk Encyclopedia Elion, Gertrude Belle u n] Pronunciation Key Elion, Gertrude Belle , American pharmacologist, b. New York City, B.S. Hunter College, 1937. Unable to find research work (largely because she was a woman), she taught high school chemistry before joining Burroughs Wellcome Laboratories in 1944. She and colleague George Hitchings developed drug treatments for leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, viral herpes, urinary and respiratory tract infections, and AIDS. In 1988 the pair shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with British pharmacologist Sir James Black The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Gertrude Belle Elion The National Inventors Hall of Fame - The Inventors Hall of Fame, located in Akron, Ohio, was established in 1973 by the National Council ... The National Women's Hall of Fame - The National Women's Hall of Fame is the only national membership organization that honors and ...
SSHS Celebrates Women's History Month
gertrude B. elion, Trudy to most, was a biochemist that became a unique figurein drug research. Her research revolutionized both drugmaking and medicine.
http://www.springfield.k12.il.us/schools/southeast/women/

Extractions: CELEBRATING WOMEN'S HISTORY MONTH Recognizing The Women Of History Marilyn Vos Savant Carol Bellamy Beatrix Potter Sandra Day O' Connor ... Gertrude B. Elion QUOTE I THINKTHEREFORE I'M SINGLE LIZZ WINSTEAD March 12,2001 Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion, Trudy to most, was a biochemist that became a unique figure in drug research. Her research revolutionized both drug-making and medicine. Elion spent years teaching schools, taking secretarial courses and working in marginal laboratory jobs before she could get a job in chemical research. For years she was the only woman in a top post in a major pharmaceutical corp. Elion's accomplishments include making organ transplants possible, transforming the 0% survival rate for childhood for leukemia to 80% survival rate, and she laid the foundation for the AZT drug used to treat AIDS patients. In 1988, Mrs. Elion won the Nobel Peace Prize in science. She is one of only 9 women to have won a Nobel Peace Prize. ~THANK YOU MRS. ELION~
InventorEd's Inventor Resource Internet Pages. Information About Inventing, Inve
gertrude B. elion 1918 to 221-1999 Click here to break out of Frame gertrude B.elion, 1918-1999CHAPEL HILL It is with deep sorrow that we announce
http://www.inventored.org/inventors/Elion/obituary.html

Extractions: Click here to break out of Frame GERTRUDE B. ELION, 1918-1999CHAPEL HILL It is with deep sorrow that we announce the death of Dr. Gertrude Belle Elion, Scientist Emeritus with Glaxo Wellcome Inc., and winner of the 1988 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Dr. Elion died Sunday, February 21, at 11:30 p.m. at University of North Carolina Hospitals in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. She was 81 years old. Dr. Elion made numerous contributions to the advancement of science and discovered many life-saving medicines including drugs used to treat leukemia, herpes, and immunity disorders. Her name appears on 45 patents. She perhaps is best known for sharing the 1988 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with George Hitchings, her colleague of 40 years, with whom she worked at Burroughs Wellcome. Dr. Elion received a bachelor's degree from Hunter College in New York in 1937 and a master's degree in chemistry from New York University in 1941. Since female scientists were not accepted in academia at that time, she was unable to find a laboratory position and instead went to work teaching high school chemistry and physics, providing laboratory instruction for nurses, and testing pickles and berries for the Quaker Maid Company. Her great opportunity came when the United States entered World War II. She joined Burroughs Wellcome in 1944 as an assistant in the laboratory of Dr. George Hitchings, the man with whom she would share the Nobel Prize for Medicine 44 years later. Dr. Hitchings died at age 92, almost exactly a year ago, on February 27, 1998.
InventorEd's Inventor Resource Internet Pages. Information About Inventing, Inve
gertrude B. elion 1918 to 221-1999 Click here to break out of Frame I amvery sorry that inventor gertrude B. elion died Sunday, February 21, 1999.
http://www.inventored.org/inventors/Elion/tribute.html

Extractions: Click here to break out of Frame Tribute by Ronald J. Riley I am very sorry that inventor Gertrude B. Elion died Sunday, February 21, 1999. She was awarded the Nobel and inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame for inventions related to treatment of leukemia, herpes, and immunity disorders. Dr. Elion was one of 31 Nobel recipients who joined with inventors to defeat so called "patent reform", changes in patent law which were promoted by the same companies who have a long history of treating inventors poorly. I had the pleasure of meeting Dr. Elion numerous times. She attended the MIT/Lemelson awards annually since it's inception, and I also met with her at the National Inventors Hall of Fame inductions. She was a great role model for young women. My 13 year old daughter (Meghan) met Elion last year (1998) and I think it made a lasting impression on Meghan. She worked tirelessly to promote innovative thinking in generations who came after her, giving of her time selflessly to encourage successive generations to reach for their full potential.
Background: AACR Gertrude B. Elion Cancer Research Award -- Samei, 1999-09-01, U
The gertrude B. elion Research Award, sponsored by Glaxo Wellcome Oncology,provides a oneyear $30000 research grant to a tenure-track assistant professor
http://nextwave.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1999/09/01/4

Extractions: Eleven physicians and scientists joined forces in 1907 to form the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). They wished to open the lines of communication with their colleagues doing cancer research, encourage other researchers to enter the field, increase public awareness, and train future cancer researchers throughout the world. Almost a century later, AACR has grown into an international society of more than 15,000 laboratory and clinical scientists. Approximately 9,000 scientists attend AACR's annual meeting, while others also meet in smaller groups to discuss specialized topics. Researchers also communicate their findings through four AACR journals: Cancer Research Clinical Cancer Research ; and . The Association in turn informs the public about the current state of knowledge in etiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer via press releases and information pamphlets. AACR also communicates with cancer survivors and advocacy groups. AACR contributes to training of junior scientists through summer workshops and a variety of grants and fellowships. AACR began rewarding promising young investigators with travel grants in 1985; in 1993, Glaxo Wellcome Oncology sponsored the first research grant for junior scientists through the Gertrude B. Elion Research Award. Since then, non-profit organizations, foundations, corporations, and private donors have sponsored nine additional grants for junior faculty and postdocs. An investigator can apply for all appropriate research fellowships or career development awards at the same time.
Biomedical Funding News: September 1999 -- Mertl, 1999-09-01, UNITED STATES -- S
7) Postdoc Award Honors gertrude B. elion (Leukemia Soc. of Am.) NEW TRAININGAWARDS FOR INSTITUTIONS 8) MultiAgency Support for Neuroinformatics Training
http://nextwave.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1999/09/30/1

Extractions: 1) Grant Submissions at NIH Go Paperless Some of us can reminisce about life before computers and answering machines. Soon researchers will say: "I remember when I had to put my grant application in the MAIL." By October of 1999, all National Science Foundation (NSF) grantees will be required to submit applications electronically via FastLane . The National Institutes of Health follows a few steps behind NSF with the " NIH Commons ." George Stone, the coordinator of NIH's electronic grants administration project, talks about the deployment plan and his vision for a paperless world.
Klikk - Magasin Om Utdanning Og Læring
gertrude B. elion. Av Arve Kjelberg, 14.04.00 Hun fikk anerkjennelse på grunn avpersonlig dyktighet og egenskaper, gertrude B. elion
http://klikk.ls.no/article.cfm?cat=49&id=878
CapitalistChicks.com
gertrude B. elion Nobel Prize Winner in Medicine (771 total words in thistext) (245 reads). gertrude B. elion; 1988 Nobel Prize in Medicine
http://www.capitalistchicks.com/html/features-viewarticle-85.html

Extractions: Hello ladies (and trolls). Just chiming in with a suggestion: I'd love to see more articles about young capitalists (under 35). I enjoy reading about the legacies and top corporate CEOs. But are there any young guns out there as well? Where are the up-and-coming girls and what are they up to? Thanks for all your hard work!
CapitalistChicks.com
gertrude B. elion Nobel Prize Winner in Medicine. gertrude B. elion; 1988 NobelPrize in Medicine; 1991 National Medal of Science
http://www.capitalistchicks.com/html/features-printpage-85.html

Extractions: Gertrude was born in New York City on January 23, 1918 to immigrant parents. Her father had emigrated from Lithuania at the age of 12 and her mother arrived in America at the age of 14 from Poland. Her father had a dental practice and the family lived in an apartment adjoining the dental office. Gertrude always loved school and did exceptionally well. At the age of 15, she was already graduating high school and trying to decide on a major for college. It was at this time that her grandfather was striken with stomach cancer. She was very close to him and his painful death gave Gertrude the resolve to do something in the field of medical science. She felt that nobody should ever have to suffer that much and was determined to help through the sciences. Up to this point, she had no particular interest in chemistry but jumped eagerly into it. At the age of 15, she enrolled in Hunter College majoring in chemistry. In 1937 she graduated with highest honors but because of the depression, she could not go on to graduate school. Jobs were scarce and the research positions in labroratories that she wanted were not open to women. She took several short term teaching jobs before meeting a chemist who needed a labratory assistant. Unfortunately, he could not afford to pay her. She took the position just to gain experience and stayed for a year and a half. In the fall of 1939 she had somehow managed to save some money and with help from her parents, entered graduate school at NYU. She was the only female in the class.
Burroughs Wellcome Fund: Biomedical Sciences: Hitchings-Elion Fellowships Progra
George H. Hitchings (19051998) and Dr. gertrude B. elion (1918-1999). Dr.Hitchings served as BWFs president from 1974 to 1990, and Dr. elion served
http://www.bwfund.org/programs/biomedical_sciences/previous_programs_he_backgrou

Extractions: Program BWF also supports another award program that is open to U.S. and Canadian postdoctoral biomedical scientists who want to study in the United Kingdom or Ireland. Career Awards in the Biomedical Sciences provide support ranging from $445,000 for four years to $574,000 for six years to bridge the advanced postdoctoral years and the first three years of faculty service. Candidates must have completed at least 12 months but not more than 48 months of postdoctoral training by the application deadline (October 1, 1999). Hitchings-Elion Fellowships support U.S. and Canadian researchers in the biomedical sciences and medically oriented behavioral sciences who want to pursue postdoctoral training in the United Kingdom or the Republic of Ireland. The awards are intended to help researchers early in their careers make the critical transition to becoming independent investigators, and to promote collaboration among scientists in the countries involved. The fellowships provide $332,500 over five years. It is anticipated that up to five fellowships will be awarded.
The Revolutionary Anti-Cancer Drugs
gertrude Belle elion gave hope to those that were infected with cancer. CD Romunknown. elion, gertrude B., and Hitchings, George H. CDRom.
http://www.sjmv.org/Campus/Class/scinventors/cancer/anticancer.html

Extractions: Anti-Cancer Drugs The anti-cancer drugs were created by the American chemist and Nobel Prize winner, Gertrude Belle Elion. Gertrude was born in New York City in 1918 and passed away in 1999. When Gertrude was a small child, her grandfather died of cancer. Gertrude was very close to her grandfather and wanted to know more about the disease that killed him. Her goal was to research on cancer and one day find a cure so other people would not have to suffer as much as her grandfather. ( in Bibliography) Gertrude Elion She studied cancer in high school and college. When she graduated from New York's Hunter College, with the highest honors, she was not able to afford graduate school because during the Depression, her family suffered financial losses. She applied to fifteen graduate schools and asked for financial aid. All of them turned her down. Her chance to finally work as a chemist came during World War II when many of the male chemists were away. There were a vital need for chemists. She began working in a food laboratory and later she worked in a research laboratory. She finally began her serious journey in 1944 at Burroughs Wellcome, a pharmaceutical company. Six years later, her and her research partner, Dr. George Hitchings, developed a drug to fight child leukemia which is a serious and common type of cancer. In 1950, Gertrude and Dr. Hitchings got their first patent, a document from the government that makes sure no one else can make money off their invention. Over the years, Gertrude and her partner received over forty patents for their research on cancer, including one for a drug that makes it possible to have kidney transplants. Gertrude and her partner compared the functioning of normal human cells with bacteria cells, virus cells, and cancer cells in order to find way to harm or kill dangerous invading cells without damaging the healthy ones.
VZV Foundation - A Decade Of Leadership In The Fight Against VZV Infections
gertrude B. elion, D.Sc., a Nobel Laureate and the second recipient of the VZVRFScientific Achievement Award, died at the age of 81 on February 21, 1999.
http://www.vzvfoundation.org/ScientificAchievementAward.html

Extractions: 2001: Anne A. Gershon, M.D. , a professor of pediatrics of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, who was honored for her important work in all aspects of VZV research, from cell biology and pathogenesis, to clinical infection and prevention. Dr. Gershon also played a key role in the founding of VZVRF. 1999: R. Edgar Hope-Simpson, OBE, FRCP , a British general practitioner who refined the theory that shingles is caused by a reactivation of dormant varicella virus, and hypothesized that the increased incidence and severity of shingles in older people is the result of declining VZV immunity.
Cancer Center Member And Staff Update
This award honors the late Dr. gertrude B. elion, Scientist Emeritus at Glaxo The online application for the AACRgertrude B. elion Cancer Research
http://www.cancer.umn.edu/page/ccmembers/members051303.html

Extractions: Grant Announcements ... Seminars and events Other publication links AHC Publications CC Publications Minnesota Daily Research Review ... U of M Brief University links: Academic Health Center College of Pharmacy College of Veterinary Medicine Grants Management (EGMS) ... University Staff Directory Related links: American Cancer Society BioMedSearch Databases Cancer Research Foundation of America Cancer Research Institute ... Oncolink Update Archives: Tuesday, May 13, Noon to 1 p.m., 450 CCRB
Nobel Laureate Gertrude Elion, DSc, Draws Overflow Audience To Annual Rehfuss Le
a standingroom-only audience of nearly 300 Jeffersonians overflowed ConnellyConference Hall to hear Nobel Laureate gertrude B. elion, DSc,
http://www.jefferson.edu/jeffnews/past/98/march/nobel.html

Extractions: Nobel Laureate Gertrude Elion, DSc, Draws Overflow Audience to Annual Rehfuss Lecture Notables Drawn by her extensive knowledge and lively teaching style, a standing-room-only audience of nearly 300 Jeffersonians overflowed Connelly Conference Hall to hear Nobel Laureate Gertrude B. Elion, DSc, deliver the 34th Annual Martin E. Rehfuss Lecture, "Challenges and Rewards of Pharmaceutical Research." Don Walker Photography - Before delivering the 34th Annual Martin E. Rehfuss Lecture to an overflow gathering of Jeffersonians, Nobel Laureate Gertrude B. Elion, DSc, at right, held an informal question-and-answer dialogue with residents, graduate students and post-doctoral fellows. Robert L. Capizzi, MD, Magee Professor of Medicine and Chairman of the Department, Jefferson Medical College, at left, hosted the session, saying later that "Dr. Elion enthralled her audience with her candor, especially regarding her career in the synthesis of drugs that might inhibit nucleic acids, realizing that, at the time, the structure of DNA had not as yet been defined." Every year since 1964 the Percival E. and Ethel Brown Foerderer Fund has sponsored the Rehfuss Lecture. Mr. Foerderer was a Jefferson trustee from 1928 until his death in 1968, and served as Board Chairman from 1950 to 1962. Mrs. Foerderer was President of the Women's Board from 1947 to 1952. Their granddaughters, Mrs. Shelley Ames Hartz and Mrs. Ethel F. Davis, attended this year's lecture, with Mrs. Davis presenting the Rehfuss Medal to Dr. Elion.
Drug Design Pioneer...Gertrude Elion - HIV: Health And Medical Information About
Source Kent R, Huber B Obituary gertrude Belle elion (191899). Pioneer ofdrug discovery. Nature 398 380, 1999.
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10555
Nobel Laureate Gertrude B. Elion To Speak Nov. 3 At College Of
Nobel Laureate gertrude B. elion to Speak Nov. 3 at College of Pharmacy. gertrude B.elion, the 1988 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Medicine,
http://www.ahsc.arizona.edu/opa/ahsnews/nov98/misc.htm

Extractions: Gertrude B. Elion, the 1988 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Medicine, is being honored as the Distinguished Visiting Scientist at the UA College of Pharmacy. Dr. Elion will discuss The Challenges and Rewards of Pharmaceutical Research, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 4-5 p.m., in the College of Pharmacy auditorium, Room 325. Dr. Elion's accomplishments in pharmaceutical research span five decades of scientific endeavor, touching millions of lives along the way. She is credited with the synthesis and co-development of two of the first successful drugs for the treatment of leukemia, as well as an agent that prevents the rejection of kidney transplants and treats rheumatoid arthritis. Dr. Elion remains active in research and professional organizations while holding appointments as medical research professor of pharmacology and medicine at Duke University and adjunct professor of pharmacology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The UA Department of Family and Community Medicine is hosting a two-month training program for 24 health care professionals from Chile, Oct. 18 to Dec. 13. Participants in the program, which is sponsored by Chile's Ministry of Health, include doctors, nurses, midwives, nutritionists, social workers, dentists and health care administrators. They will study primary care and family medical practices in Tucson and surrounding communities with the goal of designing and implementing modifications to Chile's health care system upon their return.
Dixie J. Goss, PhD
gertrude B. elion Endowed Scholar 2002. B. Selected peer-reviewed publications (inchronological order). (Publications selected from 68 peer-reviewed
http://patsy.hunter.cuny.edu/FandS/DJG/resume.htm

Extractions: Resume Dixie J. Goss Gertrude B. Elion Endowed Scholar and Professor A. Positions and Honors. Positions and Employment 1977-1984 Research Associate, University of Nebraska 1984-1989 Assistant Professor and Member of the Doctoral Faculty, Hunter College, CUNY 1989-1990 Associate Professor of Chemistry 1990- Professor of Chemistry 2002- Gertrude B. Elion Endowed Scholar Other Experience and Professional Memberships NIH Biomedical Science Study Section l990-94 NSF Panel Biochemistry l992-95 Chair, Research Council American Heart Association NYC 1998-2000 Chair, Department of Chemistry 2001-2004 Howard Hughes Review Panel 2002- Frontiers of Science Review Panel 2002- Ad Hoc reviewer NSF, USDA and DOE Honors Wall Street Run Award American Heart Association-NYC Affiliate (Highest Peer Reviewed Grant) 1990 Established Investigator American Heart Association (l989-l994) NSF Faculty Awards for Women 1990 Hunter College President's Award for Scholarship and Creative Activity l994 NY Outstanding Women Scientist 1999 City University of New York Performance Excellence Award for Research 2000 Gertrude B. Elion Endowed Scholar 2002-
UM Library: Dentistry Library: About Us
elion, gertrude B. (19181999) United States Physiology / Medicine elion,gertrude B. The purine path to chemotherapy. Nobel Lecture December 8,
http://www.lib.umich.edu/dentlib/about/exhibits/scifemquot/

Extractions: This online-only exhibit was developed to support the Women in History Month activities of the University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Quotations were selected to illustrate the diversity, personal experiences, influence, and significance of women in the sciences, both in history and today. The exhibit is comprised of two sections: Barton Bates Blackburn Clance ... Zoback Barton, Jacqueline. "The remarkable thing about that is when we did see cell death, we observed that it is in the same regions of the brain as one would see in HD. We never expected this. Remember, we have this short fragment of the protein, not the whole protein, being expressed in mice. So in terms of what this polyglutamine load is doing in brains, we can say that it doesn't easily kill cells, because we don't see any cell death until the very, very end stage. And it's very selective. It's making cells dysfunction, and that's what's causing the symptoms. This may well be what's happening in patients."
Women And IP, Women Inventors Inducted To The National Inventors Hall Of Fame
elion, gertrude Belle (1918) (American) inducted in 1991. gertrude B.elion made her most important contribution to pharmacology by pursuing the
http://www.wipo.org/women-and-ip/en/renown_inventors/hall_of_fame.html

Extractions: Introduction Women Focused Activities Programs of Particular Interest Women Inventors Awarded WIPO Medal ... Women and Intellectual Property The National Inventors Hall of Fame (NIHF) was founded in 1973 to honor inventors and to bring public recognition to their contributions. The Selection Committee of the NIHF Foundation , comprised of representatives from 40 scientific and technical organizations, chooses the new inductees, taking into account each inventor's contributions to human welfare and scientific progress. To be eligible for consideration, the nominee must hold at least one U.S. patent but does not have to be an American national. Six women, from a total of 168 inventors, have been inducted to the National Inventors Hall of Fame, from 1973 to 2001. Co-recipient of the 1988 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, Gertrude B. Elion made her most important contribution to pharmacology by pursuing the "enlightened empiricism" approach to drug developmenta methodical system that replaced the "hit-or-miss" process. She discovered two anti-leukemia drugs, including 2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine, and has 43 patents for drugs developed with this method, such as a derivative, Imuran, which blocks the body's rejection of foreign tissues, and, when used with other drugs, enables kidney transplants from unrelated donors. Ms. Elion was also prominent in the development of other drugs, such as allopurinol (for the treatment of gout) and acyclovir (an antiviral agent used to treat herpes infections and sold under the trademark Zovirax).

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