The History Of Anesthesia In the late 1800s a Dutch physician christiaan eijkman discovered that Now, back to christiaan eijkman how the heck did he get a Nobel Prize? http://www.mnwelldir.org/docs/history/vitamins.htm
Extractions: (and a short history of scurvy, beriberi, and pellagra) Our knowledge of the chemical composition of vitamins and their importance in nutrition is relatively young, whereas the history of vitamin deficiencies goes back centuries. Scurvy is probably the first illness to be recognized (though not right away, as you will see) as a nutritional deficiency disorder. Its main symptom is massive hemorrhaging; ones arteries, lacking sufficient vitamin C begin to pit and then finally break open causing internal hemorrhaging. Prior to this, the individual feels exhausted and weak, his gums start to bleed, and diarrhea sets in. Death was far too common the final result. (For more on vitamin C and its connection to arterial health, you might wish to order our book, Bypassing Bypass Hippocrates first described scurvy as bleeding gums, hemorrhaging and death in the 5th century BC. Outbreaks of scurvy were reported in 1500 BC Egypt, during the winters when fresh produce was scarce. In 1250, during the Crusades, rampant scurvy forced the retreat and eventual capture of St. Louis and his knights. However, it was the age of exploration and extended sea voyages that scurvy earned its deadly reputation. From Dr Mark R. Andersons article
Forsburg Lab Pombe Pages: S. Pombe History christiaan eijkman (18581930) was the first director of the Laboratory forPathology and Bacteriology in Batavia now Jakarta, Indonesia, http://www-rcf.usc.edu/~forsburg/history1.html
Extractions: S. pombe History This set of pages on S pombe 's experimental history comes from Frans Hochstenbach's original site in The Netherlands. Thanks to Frans for putting this together! Schiz. pombe is classified as a fungus, namely an ascomycete fungus characterized by the formation of an ascus (for more information, see The Tree of Life Project ). Over the past century, ascomycete fungi have been reclassified frequently, based on various phenotypic characteristics, such as the shape of the ascospore, type of cell division (budding versus fission), presence of hyphae, ability to ferment certain sugars or grow on various carbon and nitrogen sources. Recently, DNA and RNA sequence analyses have been used to determine sequence divergence among ascomycete fungi and, thus, to quantitate genetic differences between species. These molecular techniques demonstrate that fission yeast Schiz. pombe is phylogenetically as distant from budding yeasts as it is from humans. The Schizosaccharomyces lineage separated about 1 billion years ago to form an ancestral branch of the ascomycetes, denoted archaeascomycetes (see description and illustration by B. Franz Lang, University of Montreal).
Journal Of Pelvic Medicine & Surgery - UserLogin The Dutch hygienist christiaan eijkman shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in physiologyor medicine with the British biochemist Frederick Gowland Hopkins http://www.jpelvicsurgery.com/pt/re/spv/fulltext.00132581-200103000-00012.htm
SHSS christiaan eijkman (1887) became a student of Koch s and was strongly influencedby Koch s pioneering discoveries in bacteriology. eijkman was appointed to http://learning.unl.ac.uk/nd203/history.html
Extractions: History The Discovery of Vitamins "Vitamine" was the term coined by Casimir Funk (1884-1967) for the unidentified substances present in food which could prevent the diseases scurvy, beriberi, and pellagra. In this pioneer work in the study of vitamins, Funk reviews his research work and postulates his theory of the existence of vitamines, essentail factors in diet. The discovery of vitamin B1 In 1929 Eijkman received the Nobel Prize for his work on beri-beri (vitamin B1); he shared the prize with Frederick Gowlands Hopkins (a Brit), the discoverer of vitamin A. Christiaan Eijkman (1887) became a student of Koch's and was strongly influenced by Koch's pioneering discoveries in bacteriology. Eijkman was appointed to the beri-beri committee to look into this disease, which was ravaging the Far East, especially closed communities like the army, navy, and prisons. They thought they found a bacterium (they wanted to, because their mind set was on bacterial diseases) whose toxin caused beri-beri, but the disease couldn't be transmitted (failure of one of Koch's postulates). He resisted the idea of the disease being nutritional, and accepted it only after the evidence was compelling. The critical observations:
Extractions: a b c d ... w-x-y-z Early, Philip, 1980 Earth, second millenium bce Eckert, John, 1946 eclipses, 747 bce, fourth century bce Eddington, Arthur Stanley, 1914, 1919, 1920, 1923, 1926, 1924 Edelman, Gerald M., 1959, 1962, 1967, 1978 Edsall, John Tileston, 1935 Ehrlich, Paul, 1897, 1903 Eigen, Manfred, 1971, 1986 Eijkman, Christiaan, 1897 Einstein, Albert, 1904, 1905, 1905, 1905, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1911, 1913, 1913, 1915, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1919, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1927, 1927, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1938, 1938, 1939, 1939, 1957, early 1960s, 1964, 1974, 1982, 1995, 1997 Einthoven, Willem, 1903 Eldredge, Niles, 1972 Elliott, James L.,1977 Elliott, T. R., 1904 Ellis, Richard, 2001
Die Aufklärung Des Vitamin D Rätsels Translate this page Holländischer Arzt christiaan eijkman demonstrierte die Beziehung zwischen Hopkins und christiaan eijkman - in später Anerkennung seiner fruchtbaren http://www7.nationalacademies.org/germanbeyonddiscovery/VitaminD_4.html
Extractions: von Proteinen und Salzen..." Eijkman und sein Nachfolger Gerrit Grijns benutzten später Wasser oder Äthanol, um den mysteriösen anti-neuritischen Faktor aus den Reisschalen zu extrahieren. "Eine Substanz unterschiedlich von Proteinen und Salzen befindet sich in den Polituren von Reis " schrieben die zwei Forscher 1906, "die für die Gesundheit unentbehrlich ist, und dessen Mangel ernährungsbedingte Polyneuritis verursacht". Bald nach der Jahrhundertwende kam ein weiterer Forscher zur Erkenntnis, daß gewisse "zusätzliche Nahrungsfaktoren" existierten. Der englische Biologe Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins entwickelte diese Vorstellung im Verlauf von Studien, die mit seiner Entdeckung der Aminosäure Tryptophan im Jahr 1901 begannen. Aufbauend auf von ihm entwickelten Techniken, begann Hopkins eine Folge von jetzt klassischen Experimenten, die demonstrierten, daß vollständige Nahrung (im Gegensatz zu gereinigten Formen von Proteinen, Fetten und Kohlenhydraten) bestimmte unbekannte Bestandteile enthielt, die für Gesundheit und Wachstum essentiell waren. Der Biochemiker Casimir Funk glaubte aufgrund eigener Studien, daß diese Faktoren Amine waren (Verbindungen, die aus Ammoniak hergeleitet sind) und schlug als Namen für die Faktoren "vitale (lebenswichtige) Amine" oder kurz "Vitamine" vor. Das "e" im englischen Namen wurde später abgelegt als Wissenschaftler erkannten, daß diese unterschiedlichen Nährstoffe andere chemische Eigenschaften und Funktionen haben und, daß viele überhaupt keine Amine enthielten. Hopkins und Christiaan Eijkman - in später Anerkennung seiner fruchtbaren Studien über Beriberi - teilten sich 1929 den Nobelpreis für Medizin für die Entdeckung essentieller Nährstoffe.
Para Aclarar El Enigma De La Vitamina D Translate this page El médico holandés christiaan eijkman demostró la relación entre la deficiencia de Hopkins y christiaan eijkman, en reconocimiento tardío de su trabajo http://www7.nationalacademies.org/spanishbeyonddiscovery/bio_008721-03.html
Extractions: "...una sustancia diferente de las proteínas y las sales..." Más adelante, Eijkman y su sucesor, Gerrit Grijns, utilizaron agua o etanol para extraer el misterioso factor antineurítico de las cáscaras del arroz. "En la cascarilla del arroz existe una sustancia diferente a las proteínas y las sales," escribieron los dos investigadores en 1906, "que es indispensable para la salud y cuya ausencia produce la polineuritis nutricional." , o tiamina, del salvado del arroz. Poco después del inicio del siguiente siglo, otro investigador también llegó a creer en la existencia de ciertos "factores alimenticios complementarios". El biólogo inglés Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins desarrolló este concepto durante el curso del trabajo que empezó con su descubrimiento del aminoácido triptófano en 1901. Basado en las técnicas desarrolladas durante su investigación, Hopkins pasó a realizar una serie de experimentos, ahora ya clásicos, que demostraron que los alimentos integrales (opuestamente a las formas refinadas de proteínas, grasas y carbohidratos), contienen ciertos componentes desconocidos, esenciales para la salud y el crecimiento.
HSCI 1815: Visuals christiaan eijkman chicken with polyneuritis (avian beriberi ); another chicken red rice (katchang ijo) and white rice; Vorderman s data http://www.tc.umn.edu/~allch001/1815/beriberi/
Extractions: Chrsitiaan Eijkman Java and the Suez Canal Dutch shipping routes Indonesian forest with large tree harvesting rattan vines for tatami mats coffee rice Batavia (in Jakarta, Dutch East Indies) Batavia harbor beriberi patient symptoms and problems of the disease patient , note wrist drop Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur Christiaan Eijkman chicken with polyneuritis (avian "beriberi") another chicken red rice (katchang ijo) and white rice Vorderman's data mass execution in Java, 1870 Gerrit Grijns sago palm and root, tapioca (taro) root mongo beans (mung beans) Gowland Hopkins Casimir Funk and Umetaro Suzuki (E.S. Edie not pictured) thiamine citric acid cycle Christian Eijkman steam-powered versus hand-milling Schubert Club gamelan Return to HSCI 1815 Hub
Beriberi, White Rice, And Vitamin B (Kenneth Carpenter) most notably by christiaan eijkman, who shared the 1929 Nobel prize for Chemical analysis explained eijkman s results and revealed where in the rice http://dannyreviews.com/h/Beriberi.html
Extractions: A Disease, a Cause, and a Cure University of California Press 2000 A book review by Danny Yee The symptoms of beriberi are weakness and loss of feeling in the feet and legs, swelling of the lower half of the body, and in the worst cases heart failure and death. It used to be a major contributor to mortality, especially in infants a third of the workers in one Malaysian mine in just two years, 10% of all births in Manila around 1915, and so forth. As we now know, beriberi is caused by nutritional deficiency of thiamin (vitamin B1), most commonly associated with reliance on polished white rice. But establishing this, isolating the "vitamin" responsible, and implementing appropriate public health measures was a long and complex process. In Beriberi, White Rice, and Vitamin B Kenneth Carpenter makes of it a fine "medical detective story". Some kind of connection with diet is not hard to discern the Chinese writer Han Yu noted around 800 AD that the disease affected rice-eating people in the south but not wheat-eating ones in the north. But a trace vitamin present in differing quantities in a range of foods posed a complex puzzle and there were a plethora of not implausible explanations: a miasma restricted to particular regions, an infectious agent, toxins or an anti-vitamin in rice, and so forth. An added complication was a lack of communication between scientists and doctors from different national traditions.
Catalogue On Biographies And History top, 34 eijkman Jansen, BCP Het Levenswerk van christiaan eijkman, 18581930.Haarlem, Bohn, 1959. Hard-bound Centenary edition of the Nederlandsch http://www.oxbridge.nl/catalogs/f.bioghist.htm
Extractions: top [Anon.] The Development of Science in The Netherlands during the last half Century. Leiden, S.C. van Doesburgh, 1930. Cloth, 102 pp., 10 photos. A good copy, clean. EUR 39,00 In the Preface, an appendix was announced on the Royal Academy, Universities and schools in Holland and the Dutch East Indies. However, this appeared as a separate volume in 1931 (also in our stock). top [Anon.] The Royal Academy of Science, Universities and Higher Schools in Holland and the Dutch East Indies. Leiden, S.C. van Doesburgh, 1931. Cloth, 101 pp., many interesting photographs, several tables. A good copy. Very rare. EUR 55,00 Announced in the Preface to The development of science in the Netherlands "as an appendix." That book is also in our stock.
Vitamine Translate this page Im Jahre 1886 wurde der holländische Arzt christiaan eijkman (1858-1930) nachJava entsandt, um die Beriberi-Krankheit zu studieren. http://www.vobs.at/bio/spezial/x-hist26.htm
Especiales Diario Médico Translate this page El nóbel del año. Frederick Gowland Hopkins y christiaan eijkman christiaaneijkman nació en la ciudad holandesa de Ninjkerk en 1858. http://www.diariomedico.com/medicinasiglo/nobel1929.html
Extractions: Publicidad Servicios Internet Sanitario Archivo Asesor Legal Congresos Deportes Dossieres Especiales DM Foros Imprescindibles DM Impuestos Informes Web Medline Multimedia Newsletters Ocio en DM Ofertas de trabajo Ondasalud.com Tienda de libros Especialidades Aparato Digestivo Enfermedades raras Ginec./Obstet. Infecciosas/Sida Med. Deportiva Med. Familiar Medicina Intensiva Med. Interna Medicina Legal Med. Nuclear Med. Preventiva Med. Trabajo Med. Urgencias Otorrinolaring. Trasplantes Form. continuada Telemedicina Secciones Sanidad Normativa Medicina Gestion Entorno Inicio
KNAW > Indonesia > OSM > 2003 In the footstep of christiaan eijkman perspective of collaborative medicalresearch between Indonesia and the Netherlands. CoConvenor 2 http://www.knaw.nl/indonesia/20030902_b.html
Extractions: Convenor 2 Prof Dr Sangkot Marzuki, Director of the Eijkman Institute of Molecular Biology In the footstep of Christiaan Eijkman: perspective of collaborative medical research between Indonesia and the Netherlands Co-Convenor 2 Prof. Jan Verhoef, Department of Eijkman-Winkler Centre for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Inflammation, University Medical Centre Utrecht
Eureka ::: Cakrawala ::: Suplemen Pikiran Rakyat Kesimpulan salah inilah yang pernah dicetuskan christiaan eijkman pada christiaan eijkman lahir pada tanggal 11 Agustus 1858 di Kota Nijkerk, Belanda. http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/cetak/2005/0305/31/cakrawala/eureka.htm
Extractions: Pelopor Penemuan Vitamin B1 HATI-HATI nasi putih mengandung racun. Kesimpulan salah inilah yang pernah dicetuskan Christiaan Eijkman pada tahun 1896 setelah selama 10 tahun melakukan penelitian tentang penyakit beri-beri. Penderita beri-beri ternyata akibat kekurangan vitamin B1 yang biasa terdapat pada bagian terluar beras tumbuk atau bagian dedaknya. Pada beras giling yang berwarna putih bersih, bagian dedak yang berwarna kecokelatan dan kaya vitamin B1 tersebut jadi hilang. Christiaan merupakan ilmuwan Belanda yang memelopori penemuan vitamin B1 yang pada saat itu belum diketahui namanya. Istimewanya, penemuan yang berbuah Nobel tersebut berawal dari penelitian yang dilakukannya di Indonesia, yang pada saat itu masih bernama Hindia Belanda. Kini, vitamin merupakan bahan yang tidak asing lagi bagi kita. Vitamin selalu ditambahkan pada makanan-makanan kesehatan atau produk pengobatan yang dijual terpisah untuk memelihara kesehatan.
Extractions: Eijkman zweifelte bis zuletzt daran, daß die von ihm studierte Geflügel-Polyneuritis mit der menschlichen Beriberi identisch ist. Beispielsweise war es ihm nicht gelungen, seine an Geflügel gewonnenen Ergebnisse mit Säugetieren zu wiederholen. Er konstatierte: "Wir kennen keine Fakten, die uns dazu veranlassen könnten, die Entstehung der Beriberi ebenso direkt auf Nahrungsfaktoren zurückzuführen wie es offensichtlich bei der Polyneuritis des Geflügels der Fall war." Anmerkung: Dennoch werden Eijkmans Versuche immer wieder als Beweis dafür angeführt, daß es sich bei der Beriberi des Menschen um eine Vitamin-B1-Mangelkrankheit handele. 1929 erhielt Christiaan Eijkman sogar den Nobelpreis für Medizin für die "Entdeckung des antineuritischen Vitamins". Möglicherweise ist Thiamin aber nur für Geflügel von besonderer Bedeutung. Design:
