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Machine Design Plastic Bearings Prove Their Mettle. (includes Access the article, 'Plastic bearings prove their mettle. (includes related article on howto analyze plastic bearings)' from Machine Design, a http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126
Extractions: This third volume of the book series Lessons In Electric Circuits makes a departure from the former two in that the transition between electric circuits and electronic circuits is formally crossed. Electric circuits are connections of conductive wires and other devices whereby the uniform flow of electrons occurs. Electronic circuits add a new dimension to electric circuits in that some means of control is exerted over the flow of electrons by another electrical signal, either a voltage or a current. In and of itself, the control of electron flow is nothing new to the student of electric circuits. Switches control the flow of electrons, as do potentiometers, especially when connected as variable resistors (rheostats). Neither the switch nor the potentiometer should be new to your experience by this point in your study. The threshold marking the transition from electric to electronic, then, is defined by how the flow of electrons is controlled rather than whether or not any form of control exists in a circuit. Switches and rheostats control the flow of electrons according to the positioning of a mechanical device, which is actuated by some physical force external to the circuit. In electronics, however, we are dealing with special devices able to control the flow of electrons according to another flow of electrons, or by the application of a static voltage. In other words, in an electronic circuit
Corollary: Prove Youâre Not A Machine Prove youre not a machine Want to prove youre a human (and not a computer)?Try some of the tests at www.captcha.net . Theyre like very specialised http://corollary.artefact.org.nz/archives/000266.html
IGN: The Stax Report: Special Fantastic Four Edition his appearances in Dungeons Dragons and The Time machine prove anything it sthat the Fantastic filmmakers could probably get him if they wanted to. http://filmforce.ign.com/articles/401/401994p1.html
Extractions: MS Conference SECTIONS MOVIES CHANNELS Insider Members Games Entertainment IGN Services GET GAMES Compare Prices IGN Entertainment FilmForce ... The Stax Report The Stax Report: Special Fantastic Four Edition Stax casts the FF movie! by Stax May 13, 2003 - Stax here with a Special Fantastic Four Edition of The Stax Report! With 20th Century Fox gearing up to bring the Marvel Comics superheroes to the big-screen for a 2004 release, I thought I'd pitch in my two cents worth on the Fantastic casting process. I've selected recognizable "actors" rather than "major stars" for the lead roles, although there are a few stars who might also be good choices. My top picks are the ones pictured, although I do mention other candidates in the text. There were a number of factors that I considered in choosing the following actors. Their physical resemblance to the comic book characters, their age, and whether or not I could really see them appearing in this film. (In other words, would I buy this person in "the suit"?) And, obviously, their talent as thespians. Some of the reasons why I avoided casting stars is that they bring certain "baggage" with them, and also because if Fox can't sell a Fantastic Four movie on its name and concept alone then perhaps the demand for this film should be reconsidered. Obviously, less expensive actors will also allow Fox to spend more on the necessary visual effects.
What Is A Turing Machine? his proof that, by this means, a single machinea universal machineis However, Turing was able to prove that not every real number is computable. http://www.alanturing.net/turing_archive/pages/Reference Articles/What is a Turi
Extractions: Reference Articles Turing first described the Turing machine in an article published in 1936, 'On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem', which appeared in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society (Series 2, volume 42 (1936-37), pp. 230-265). A Turing machine is an idealised computing device consisting of a read/write head (or 'scanner') with a paper tape passing through it. The tape is divided into squares, each square bearing a single symbol'0' or '1', for example. This tape is the machine's general purpose storage medium, serving both as the vehicle for input and output and as a working memory for storing the results of intermediate steps of the computation. The input that is inscribed on the tape before the computation starts must consist of a finite number of symbols. However, the tape is of unbounded lengthfor Turing's aim was to show that there are tasks that these machines are unable to perform, even given unlimited working memory and unlimited time. A Turing machine The read/write head is programmable. It is be helpful to think of the operation of programming as consisting of altering the head's internal wiring by means of a plugboard arrangement. To compute with the device, you program it, inscribe the input on the tape (in binary or decimal code, say), place the head over the square containing the leftmost input symbol, and set the machine in motion. Once the computation is completed, the machine will come to a halt with the head positioned over the square containing the leftmost symbol of the output (or elsewhere if so programmed).
Extractions: document.adoffset = 0; document.adPopupDomain = 'edition.cnn.com'; document.adPopupFile = '/cnn_adspaces/adsPopup2.html'; document.adPopupInterval = 'P24'; document.adPopunderInterval = 'P24'; The Web CNN.com Home Page Asia Europe U.S. ... Special Reports ON TV What's on Business Traveller Design 360 Global Office ... Talk Asia Services E-mail Mobile News ticker AvantGo Make homepage Ad info About us How to get CNN Partner Hotels CNNtext Languages Spanish German n-tv Korean Arabic Japanese Turkish By Christine Boese var clickExpire = "-1"; Josh Berman and Amy Bruckman at Georgia Tech studied how people negotiated online identities, made assumptions and tried to outfox questioners. RELATED Wikipedia on Turing Test The Turing Game Josh Berman and Amy Bruckman's research into The Turing Game E-mail Buzz Factor YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS HLN Buzz Factor Technology Alan M. Turing Spam or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? (CNN) Sounds like something out of "The Twilight Zone," doesn't it? I've been thinking about something called the "Turing Test" lately because some of my personal e-mail has come back undeliverable. Evidently the servers, in an attempt to screen out machine-generated spam, think that my e-mail is spam, too.
Turing Machines A Turing machine has an infinite onedimensional tape divided into cells. We can prove the uncomputability of the busy beaver function by deriving a http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/turing-machine/
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free Turing machines, first described by Alan Turing in (Turing 1937), are simple abstract computational devices intended to help investigate the extent and limitations of what can be computed. Turing, writing before the invention of the modern digital computer, was interested in the question of what it means to be computable. Intuitively a task is computable if one can specify a sequence of instructions which when followed will result in the completion of the task. Such a set of instructions is called an effective procedure , or algorithm , for the task. This intuition must be made precise by defining the capabilities of the device that is to carry out the instructions. Devices with different capabilities may be able to complete different instruction sets, and therefore may result in different classes of computable tasks (see the entry on computability and complexity Turing proposed a class of devices that came to be known as Turing machines. These devices lead to a formal notion of computation that we will call
Turing Machines And Universes Turing went further down Church s road and designed the Turing machine a machine Put more simply, it is possible to prove the truth value (or the http://samvak.tripod.com/turing.html
Extractions: Bookmark this Page - and SHARE IT with Others! In 1936 an American (Alonzo Church) and a Briton (Alan M. Turing) published independently (as is often the coincidence in science) the basics of a new branch in Mathematics (and logic): computability or recursive functions (later to be developed into Automata Theory). The authors confined themselves to dealing with computations which involved "effective" or "mechanical" methods for finding results (which could also be expressed as solutions (values) to formulae). These methods were so called because they could, in principle, be performed by simple machines (or human-computers or human-calculators, to use Turing's unfortunate phrases). The emphasis was on finiteness: a finite number of instructions, a finite number of symbols in each instruction, a finite number of steps to the result. This is why these methods were usable by humans without the aid of an apparatus (with the exception of pencil and paper as memory aids). Moreover: no insight or ingenuity were allowed to "interfere" or to be part of the solution seeking process. No one succeeded to prove that a function must be recursive in order to be effectively calculable. This is (as Post noted) a "working hypothesis" supported by overwhelming evidence. We don't know of any effectively calculable function which is not recursive, by designing new TMs from existing ones we can obtain new effectively calculable functions from existing ones and TM computability stars in every attempt to understand effective calculability (or these attempts are reducible or equivalent to TM computable functions).
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Extractions: By Kim Zetter Also by this reporter 09:33 AM Nov. 02, 2004 PT When candidates start demanding recounts in the aftermath of Tuesday's election, many will make an unsettling discovery: In the districts that used electronic voting machines there won't be a way to conduct a meaningful recount. That's because the paperless machines provide no method for conducting an independent analysis of the votes other than what's in the machine's memory. And collecting the data necessary to prove fraud or irregularities on a touch-screen machine will be uphill battles, since courts and election officials have been unsympathetic to losing candidates making such claims in the past. Ind. Time Zone Fight Creates New Problems
What I Did In Class Example nondeterministic machine to prove compositeness. Proof that no 2tapeTuring machine decides the same language in o(n^2) time. http://cr.yp.to/1999-541/inclass.html
Extractions: MCS 541, Computational Complexity, Fall 1999 General announcements. Goedel's question: if a theorem has a proof of length at most n, can we find it in time O(n^2)? Another question on what can be computed in limited time and space. Overview of related topics from courses on algorithms, theory of computation, formal logic. Definition of composite. Definition of prime. Examples. The primality problem. Some representations of integers: decimal; binary; unary; factored. The importance of specifying the input representation. Simple algorithm for the primality problem. Time for dividing n-digit numbers. Overall time for simple algorithm. Outline of proof of Theorem 1. Comments on running time of Rabin's test. Outline of proof of Theorem 2. The Miller-Bach test. Note that truth does not imply provability. State of the art in deterministic tests. Selfridge's test. Example where Selfridge's test fails. Adleman's test. Example of Adleman's test for 12-digit numbers. Simpler test for 12-digit numbers. The concept of nonuniformity. The big question in parallelism. How to add quickly in parallel. ``NC.'' Summary of known speeds of parallel carrying, division, exponentiation. Picture of a Turing machine. Requirement that tapes be extended as necessary. Parameters in a Turing machine: number of tapes; alphabet; instructions; first instruction. Types of instructions: condition based on symbol of a tape, jump, halt yes, halt no, halt and print output tape, write symbol to a tape, move left, move right. Countability of the set of Turing machines modulo alphabet encoding. Church's thesis. Realism of speed of Turing machines.
