21. Mathematical Functions The following values are defined as constants in PHP by the math extension. Table 1. math constants. Constant, Value, http://manualy.civ.zcu.cz/phpman/ref.math.html

PHP Manual Prev Next XXXVI. Mathematical Functions Introduction arbitrary precision math functions Math constants Table 1. Math constants Constant Value Description Pi e log_2 e log_10 e pi/2 pi/4 1/pi 2/pi sqrt(pi) [4.0.2] 2/sqrt(pi) sqrt(2) sqrt(3) [4.0.2] 1/sqrt(2) log_e(pi) [4.0.2] Euler constant [4.0.2] Only M_PI is available in PHP versions up to and including PHP4RC1. All other constants are available starting with PHP 4.0. Constants labelled [4.0.2] were added in PHP 4.0.2. Table of Contents abs acos asin atan ... Up abs

22. YOU HAVE REACHED THE INFORMATION PAGE Lynx Version 2-4 File That bottom of page at The Favorite math constants of Steven Finch of MathSoft, each of these constants to the Favorite Math. Constants. Basic constants. http://www.math.ucl.ac.be/~magnus/num1a/constants.txt

23. A Passion For Mathematics famous and curious math constants (like Liouville s constant, the CopelandErdös constant, Brun s constant, Champernowne s number, Euler s gamma, http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/pickover/passion-math.html

24. Mathematical Functions The following values are defined as constants in PHP by the math extension. Táblázat 1. math constants. Constant, Value, http://www.pergel.hu/phpdoksi/ref.math.shtml

PHP Kézikönyv Vissza Tovább XL. Mathematical Functions Introduction arbitrary precision math functions Math constants Táblázat 1. Math constants Constant Value Description Pi e log_2 e log_10 e pi/2 pi/4 1/pi 2/pi sqrt(pi) [4.0.2] 2/sqrt(pi) sqrt(2) sqrt(3) [4.0.2] 1/sqrt(2) log_e(pi) [4.0.2] Euler constant [4.0.2] Only M_PI is available in PHP versions up to and including PHP4RC1. All other constants are available starting with PHP 4.0. Constants labelled [4.0.2] were added in PHP 4.0.2. Tartalom abs acos asin atan ... Fel abs Mire Minden szóra Minden kifejezésben Adatbázisban: PHP Kézikönyv

25. GameDev.net -- Game Development Showcase pi the math constant pi returns 3.14159 e the math constant e returns 2.71828 int round to the nearest integer 4.8 int returns 5 http://www.gamedev.net/community/gds/viewentry.asp?projectid=305753

26. THE CODE OF CARL MUNCK, AND ANCIENT GEMATRIAN NUMBERS - PART FIVE This information includes geometry, math constants, base ten, and Earth s Precession Cycle. The Height of the King s Chamber http://www.greatdreams.com/gem5.htm

"THE CODE" OF CARL MUNCK AND ANCIENT GEMATRIAN NUMBERS PART FIVE INDEX The King's Chamber and the Sarcophagus of the Great Pyramid by Michael Lawrence Morton with Contributions from James Furia and Joseph E. Mason Overview by Joseph E. Mason Recently, Michael Lawrence Morton composed an article showing a possible "Code" connection to the dimensions of the King's Chamber and the Sarcophagus inside the Great Pyramid. James Furia read Michael's article, and realized that there were even more connections. This article starts with Michael's article. James Furia's additional findings and a few other comments follow. The King's Chamber and the Sarcophagus of the Great Pyramid by Michael Lawrence Morton Length and Width of The King's Chamber On page 54, in the book "The Great Pyramid Decoded", by E. Raymond Capt, the length of The King's Chamber is given in "pyramid inches" as 412.13186, the width as 206.06593, and the height as 230.38871. We are told that a "pyramid inch" is slightly larger than a regular inch, a ratio of approximately 1.000965 or so. As soon as I saw the first 3 digits of the given length (above) . . . 412 . . . I thought of the decimal harmonic of the Surface Area On A Sphere . . . 4125296125 (to ten digits). This figure comes from a geometry 'formula'; using the RADIAN (deg) *as the radius* of a 'generic sphere'. In other words, we are taught (hopefully) in school that the "formula for the Area Of A Circle"is . . . "Pi x 'r' Squared."

27. Experimental Mathematics Website Xavier Gourdon and Pascal Sebah s site for famous math constants http//numbers.computation.free.fr/Constants/constants.html; Andrew Granville s Pascal http://crd.lbl.gov/~dhbailey/expmath/

Experimental Mathematics Website http://www.experimentalmath.info This is a plot of all roots of polynomials with coefficients 1 or -1 up to degree 18. Coloration is by sensitivity of the polynomials to slight variation around the values of the zeros. The color scale represents a normalized sensitivity to the range of values; red is insensitive to violet which is strongly sensitive. The bands, quite clearly visible in the plot, are unexplained. Please send any comments or questions for this site to: zzzzzzzz@lbl.gov. This email address is coded to defeat spammers. To obtain the real address, replace the z's with "dhbailey". Site updated 2005-08-19 Experimental Math Books A two-volume set of books on experimental mathematics has been completed by Prof. Jonathan M. Borwein of the University of Dalhousie in Canada; Dr. David H. Bailey of the Lawerence Berkeley National Lab in the USA; and (for vol. 2) Dr. Roland Girgensohn of the Technical University of Munich in Germany. In a review published in Math Reviews, mathematician John H. Mason writes, "Let me cut to the chase: every mathematics library requires a copy of this book (and its companion volume)" Review . The two books are: Vol. 1: Mathematics by Experiment: Plausible Reasoning in the 21st Century.

28. NERSC 2001 Annual Report: R&D: High Performance Computing R&D At Berkeley Lab While the evidence to date supports this assumption, no naturally occurring math constant—such as pi, the square root of 2, or the natural logarithm of http://www.nersc.gov/news/annual_reports/annrep01/04RD.html

Annual Report TABLE OF CONTENTS YEAR IN REVIEW SCIENCE HIGHLIGHTS YEAR IN REVIEW Director's Perspective YEAR IN REVIEW Computational Science at NERSC ... Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Other Projects This 3D supernova simulation shows the turbulent environment beneath the supernova shock wave. See details The NERSC Program is part of the Computing Sciences organization at Berkeley Lab and works closely with two other departments within Computing Sciences: the High Performance Computing Research Department and the Distributed Systems Department. These two departments conduct a large number of independently funded research and development efforts in applied mathematics, computer science, and computational science. Some of their staff members also work on tasks matrixed from the NERSC Program, such as the advanced development of scientific computing infrastructure, and focused high-end support for NERSC clients in areas such as algorithms, software tools, and visualization of data. Applied Mathematics Applied mathematics research at Berkeley Lab ranges from involvement in three SciDAC projects, which are expected to yield major scientific benefits within a few years, to investigating the randomness of certain mathematical constants, which represents a major step toward answering an age-old question.

29. Defined Constants ALAMBIK INSTRUCTIONS ALAMBIK INSTRUCTION FILE CONSTANTS DOWNLOAD CONSTANTS DATABASE CONSTANTS math constantS MENULIST CONSTANTS CONTEXTMENU CONSTANTS TEXT.WORD.LIST CONSTANTS TIMER EVENT CONSTANTS http://www.web-language.com/chapter4/constant.htm

Defined Constants ALAMBIK INSTRUCTIONS ALAMBIK INSTRUCTION CONSTANTS COLOR CONSTANTS PERSISTENCE CONSTANTS ... KEYBOARD CONSTANTS Alambik Instructions Screen location : BACK,MID,FRONT State : ON,OFF Boolean : TRUE,FALSE Null : NULL All : ALL Way : LEFT,RIGHT,UP,DOWN Text Alignement : ON, OFF Alambik Instruction Constants convertion operator : VAL, STR, CHR, ASC math operator : ABS Color Constants predefined color Sound Constants sound loop mode channel id pan settings Timer Event Constants event loop mode event mode Mouse Event Constants button status zone status Keyboard Constants keyboard status General key Numeric key Alphabetical Keypad Key Mathematical Key Function key Special key Database Constants datafield type Clip Constants synchronisation type 1 synchronisation type 2 synchronisation type 3 clip loop mode Sequencer Constants track creation mode sequence playing mode track interpolation mode track mode group playing mode seek mode Chapter Constants seek operator File Constants file properties directory properties Math Constants Pi PI Download Constants download event download properties Vectorial Constants vector fill mode

30. Initially Known Names In Maple Pi, math constant pi; evalf(Pi) is approximately 3.14159265 printlevel, See printlevel (default is 1). Printlevel is an environment variable. http://oldweb.cecm.sfu.ca/projects/IntegerRelations/ininames.html

Initially known names in Maple (copied from Maple help file) Description: The following names are known, either as global or environment variables under user control or as names of constants known to certain functions. Back to IntegerRelations Catalan Catalan's constant = sum((-1)^i/(2*i+1)^2,i=0..infinity) evalf(Catalan) is approximately 0.915965594... constants The numeric constants in Maple are integers, fractions, and floating-point numbers. Default is the sequence of global variable constants, which is an expression sequence of all names which are initially known as symbolic constants in Maple. These are false, gamma, infinity, true, Catalan, I, Pi Digits number of digits carried in floats (default is 10). Digits is an environment variable. FAIL used by boolean evaluation as unknown truth for 3-valued logic. false the value false in the context of Boolean evaluation. gamma Euler's constant = limit(sum(1/i,i=1..n) - ln(n), n=infinity). evalf(gamma) is approximately 0.5772156649... gamma(n) a series of constants such that gamma(n) = limit(sum(ln(k)^n/k, k=1..m) - ln(m)^(n+1)/(n+1)

31. Mathematics Links Numbers Cliff Pickover Feigenbaum Constants math constants Essays Euler-Mascheroni Constant Fransén-Robinson Constant Plouffe s Inverter http://www.alcyone.com/max/links/maths.html

Mathematics links Lx Links Links regarding mathematics and mathematical topics. Introduction. Like science, I've always been interested in mathematics. Here are some links I've collected on the subject. Contents. Mathematics Resources Brachistochrone problem Education ... Mathematicians Links. Mathematics Resources Jim Loy's Mathematics Page Nikkoa Hypercomplex Numerical Computing Software The Central Limit Theorem and the Quincunx Lies my calculator told me ... FAQ Brachistochrone problem Brachistochrone Problem from MathWorld Brachistochrone Construction Brachistochrone problem The Brachistochrone Education Plus Magazine e-Calculus Home page Online texts The Math Forum - Ask Dr. Math ... Common Errors in Undergraduate Mathematics James Blinn Project MATHEMATICS! Jim Blinn's Corner The Reference Desk: Calculators On-Line Plotting ... Introduction to Geometric Algebra Polyhedra Beyond Flatland Index by Wythoff Symbol Rob's Polyhedron Models Tom Lechner's Time Well Spent ... Karen's Polyhedra Gallery! The regular polyhedra The Regular Polyhedra dodecahedron Regular Polyhedra Cryptography The CONET Project: Recordings of Shortwave Numbers Stations Recreation Some Mathematical Proofs Behind Monty Hall's Doors: Puzzle, Debate and Answer?

32. Statistical Consulting Seminars: Visualizing Interactions For Logistic Models In this example, we hold math constant at 40 and science constant at 40. Likewise, we can set the covariates math constant at 60 and science constant at http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/seminars/stata_vibl/vibli.htm

Stat Computing Seminars Visualizing Main Effects and Interactions for Binary Logit Models Statistical Computing Seminars Visualizing Interactions for Logistic Models 0. Getting Started 0. Getting the Programs and Data The aim of this seminar is to help you learn how to visualize interactions for models using logistic regression. It will demonstrate a suite of tools name vibl for vi sualizing b inary l ogit models (By the way, vibl is pronounced "vibble" and it rhymes with kibble).. You can get all of the programs and data files associated with the seminar as shown below. . net from http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/ado/analysis . net install vibl . net get vibl This page also refers to the and commands. If you do not have these, you can download them as shown below. . net from http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/ado/analysis . net install xi3 . net install postgr3 0.2 Movies Some of the sections illustrate interactive use of the viblmdb command and have movies that accompany the sections. These sections start with a link that will look like this. View the movie that accompanies this section You can click on the link and it will bring up a movie showing us interacting with Stata and with verbal (audio) explanations.

33. Subject Project Gutenberg Newsletter PT 1 From Michael S. Hart And some of the new math constants will be reposed without notices Mar 1998 The Three Musketeers, by Alexandre Dumas Pere 21muskxxx.xxx1257 Nov 1999 http://www.gutenberg.org/newsletter/archive/PGMonthly_2000_06_07_Part_1.txt

======== Subject: Project Gutenberg Newsletter PT 1 From: "Michael S. Hart" To: "Project Gutenberg mailing list" , Greg Newby , David Price , Sue Asscher . . .THIRD REQUEST!!! * We need the following by John Galsworthy FRATERNITY THE COUNTRY HOUSE THE ISLAND PHARISEES THE PATRICIAN Please contact: DAVID WIDGER and cc:me Have been paying $5, will pay $10, maybe a bit more. * We are forming a Polish Team: but all the Polish books we find are from after 1923, and don't say their contents are from before then. . .please let me know if you can find an available source. . .and more volunteers for such a team. [Please reply to Eve Sobol and cc: me. We need proofreaders for our French Jules Verne Etexts: Jan 1997 De La Terre a La Lune [in French] by Jules Verne#4[xlunexxx.xxx] 799 [We updated the binary version to file 8lune08, we still need more proofing!] We need: Dostoyevsky's The Devils [The Possessed] (1871-72) Reply to: John C Duronio

34. Subject May Project Gutenberg Newsletter From Michael S. Hart Due to popular requests, we have released four new math constants yes, there are still nerds and geeks out there in InternetLand. http://www.gutenberg.org/newsletter/archive/PGMonthly_2000_05_03.txt

======== Subject: May Project Gutenberg Newsletter From: "Michael S. Hart" To: "Project Gutenberg mailing list" Marcus Aurelius file lost. . .can sender please resend. We need E.T.A. Hoffman books in English for David Bridson From one of our readers: While you may have some favorite word processors, here are some free ones that you might want your volunteers to have available, rather than sending them out to buy something. WordWright looks particularly good for your project, but there are others. http://www.freewarehome.com/business/wordproc.html Would anyone like to proof Walter Scott's Guy Mannering? scotgmw.txt is the one, needs work. . .headers are funny, lots of double spaces, probably from trying margination. We need a pre-1923 edition of Billy Budd, Sailor. Please email Eric Sugar

35. More About Mathematical Constants and before we know it, we have learned a lot of new and exciting mathematics, since mathematical constants are almost everywhere dense in math. http://pauillac.inria.fr/algo/csolve/constant.html

More About Mathematical Constants Pre-Publication Reviews "The pages of Mathematical Constants abound in thousands of tales about numbers. This book is an amazing piece of erudition destined to fascinate the novice, puzzle the expert, and trigger the imagination of all. Every person who enjoys mathematics will find here unexpected connections across science as well as unsuspected corners of hidden knowledge. It will startle us, intrigue us and nurture our quest of mysterious patterns amongst numbers and structures. Every reader will be grateful to Steven Finch for a work that is unique in its approach, a great piece of science and a real piece of art." Philippe Flajolet "In his extremely lucid and captivating style, Steven Finch tells the stories of 136 mathematical constants, from the super-famous (Pi) to the obscure, from the apparently trivial Zero to the non-computable (Chaitin's) Omega, and before we know it, we have learned a lot of new and exciting mathematics, since mathematical constants are almost everywhere dense in math." Doron Zeilberger Description on Back Cover Famous mathematical constants include the ratio of circular circumference to diameter, pi=3.14..., and the natural logarithmic base, e=2.178.... Students and professionals usually can name at most a few others, but there are many more buried in the literature and awaiting discovery.

36. Math Surprises Buffon's Needle simulation and a surprising demonstration of Barbier's theorem about shapes of constant width http://www.cut-the-knot.com/ctk/August2001.html

Username: Password: Sites for teachers Sites for parents Awards Interactive Activities ... Sites for parents Cut The Knot! An interactive column using Java applets by Alex Bogomolny Math Surprises: An Example August 2001 Compte de Buffon (1707-1788) in the 18 th century posed and solved the very first problem of geometric probability. A needle of a given length L is tossed on a wooden floor with evenly spaced cracks, distance D apart. What is the probability of the needle hitting a crack? (The problem is nowadays known as Buffon's Needle problem.) The answer he discovered with the help of integral calculus is given by the simple formula [ Beckmann Eves Kasner Paulos ... Stein P = 2L/ p D With P approximated by the ratio of hits to the total number of tosses, the formula offers a way of evaluating p , an observation that eventually led Pierre Simon Laplace (1749-1827) to propose a method, known today as the Monte Carlo Method, for numerical evaluation of various quantities by realizing appropriate random events. History records several names of people who applied the method manually to approximate p . A Captain Fox [ Beckmann , p. 77] mentions Wolf from Zurich (1850) who obtained

37. Karsten Grosse-Brauckmann: Research Differential geometry, especially surfaces of constant mean curvature. http://www.math.uni-bonn.de/people/kgb/Research/research.html

www.math.uni-bonn.de/people/kgb/research.html K. Grosse-Brauckmann: Research Projects Much of my research is devoted to constant mean curvature (cmc) surfaces, in particular the construction of examples. Constant mean curvature surfaces appear in nature, in particular when the area of an interface is minimized under a volume constraint. Soap bubbles are the most popular example: The photos show Tom Noddy at the International Congress 1998 (courtesy of J. Sullivan ). Mathematicians have used the following methods to construct constant mean curvature surfaces: Kapouleas produced surfaces close to some degenerate well known surfaces with a singular perturbation approach; Pinkall, Sterling, and many others found tori as solutions of an integrable system (a more general approach by Dorfmeister, Pedit and Wu remains to be exploited); and the Lawson-Karcher conjugate cousin method yields sufficiently symmetric surfaces. Moduli Spaces of Embedded Constant Mean Curvature Surfaces with Finite Topology In this current project, which is joint with

38. 112 Pieces Of Pi Images and illustrations created by using the digits of the circle constant. http://www.antigravitypress.com/Math/pi/

While studying Pi with Gillian, Gareth, and Zaamen, my math group from Tracy's class at Metropolitan Learning Center, I started to generate images with the digits of Pi. Four examples are presented here. In this version, a color value is assigned to each of the digits 0-9 to make this pretty picture. Thanks to David Blatner for his book and website The Joy of Pi for 112 digits of Pi. Now, would anyone like more Pi

39. Math Forum: Ask Dr. Math FAQ: About Pi Explains what the constant is and a brief history. Includes resource links. http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.pi.html

Ask Dr. Math: FAQ A bout Pi Dr. Math FAQ Classic Problems Formulas Search Dr. Math ... Dr. Math Home What is pi ( )? Who first used pi? How do you find its value? What is it for? How many digits is it? By definition, pi is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Pi is always the same number, no matter which circle you use to compute it. For the sake of usefulness people often need to approximate pi. For many purposes you can use 3.14159, which is really pretty good, but if you want a better approximation you can use a computer to get it. Here's pi to many more digits: 3.14159265358979323846. The area of a circle is pi times the square of the length of the radius, or "pi r squared": A = pi*r^2 A very brief history of pi Pi is a very old number. We know that the Egyptians and the Babylonians knew about the existence of the constant ratio pi, although they didn't know its value nearly as well as we do today. They had figured out that it was a little bigger than 3; the Babylonians had an approximation of 3 1/8 (3.125), and the Egyptians had a somewhat worse approximation of 4*(8/9)^2 (about 3.160484), which is slightly less accurate and much harder to work with. For more, see A History of Pi by Petr Beckman (Dorset Press).

40. EXSLT - Math:constant The mathconstant function returns the specified constant to a set precision. Implementations of mathconstant are available in the following languages http://www.exslt.org/math/functions/constant/

EXSLT math constant Implementer Page ... Downloads Modules Dates and Times Dynamic Common Functions ... Contact Implementer Page: math.constant.html Function Package: math.constant.zip Function Syntax number math:constant string number Template Syntax math:constant string number The math:constant function returns the specified constant to a set precision. The possible constants are: PI E Implementations The following XSLT processors support math:constant 4XSLT, from 4Suite. (version 0.12.0a3) libxslt from Daniel Veillard et al. (version 1.0.19) Implementations of math:constant are available in the following languages: XSLT Template (by James Fuller Javascript (by James Fuller EXSLT Function (by James Fuller http://www.exslt.org/math/functions/constant/index.html last modified 2002-11-12

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