61. Hypothesis On MATTER An alternative concept to provide simple and logical explanation to all physical phenomena related to MATTER. http://physicsweb.org/resources/follow/3145

Hypothesis on M A T T E R (A preliminary study) AN ALTERNATIVE CONCEPT By Nainan.K.Varghese ‘Hypothesis on MATTER ’ is a revolutionary new concept, which attempts to explain all physical phenomena based on just one type of fundamental particle - the Quantum of matter The book explains a wide array of physical phenomena, from the origin of matter to gravity and subatomic interactions to cosmological events, based on the simple mechanical interactions of quanta of matter. There is no more any need to invoke irrational assumptions like “diversity of forces, mass-energy equivalence, constancy of light’s speed, distinct natures of electric charges, singularities, big bang, etc ”. This new concept will radically alter our understanding of the physical universe and at the same time, explain complex physical phenomena with simple “Cause and Effect” relationships. TABLE OF CONTENTS: Chapter 1 (HTML) (PDF) INTRODUCTION 1.1. General 1.2. Aim of this text 1.3. Salient features of this hypothesis 1.4. Scope of this text

62. Connectivity: Spike Hall's RU Weblog Sunday, December 15, 2002. The bounded group knowledgemaking hypothesis Third, the accelerated community learning hypothesis. Conditions http://radio.weblogs.com/0106698/2002/12/15.html

Updated: 7/17/05; 10:17:30 AM. Connectivity: Spike Hall's RU Weblog News, clips, comments on knowledge, knowledge-making, education, weblogging, philosophy, systems and ecology. Sunday, December 15, 2002 The bounded group knowledge-making hypothesis The bounded group knowledge-making hypothesis Summary: About six weeks ago I drafted two hypotheses concerning the effect on knowledge-making at the individual level (see below). As you can see I also announced the intention to put together a comparable hypothesis concerning accelerated community learning as affected by klogging. My cut at that hypothesis is stated at the bottom of this entry. Two hypotheses for further research on augmented klogs re knowledge-making (another hypothesis concerning the effect upon accelerated community knowledge-making will hopefully follow but is not yet stated): First, the basic klog hypothesis : a comparison of otherwise equivalent initial learning 'problems' will show that klogging of knowledge acquisition [with no other supports, not even the news reader] will result in faster and more comprehensive knowledge acquisiton than a nonreflective participation in a quest for the same knowledge. Second

63. School Of Molecular Biosciences - Faculty: Pall This paper is an overview of the work published by Prof. Martin Pall that CFS may be due a selfsustaining vicious cycle of overproduction of nitric oxide. http://molecular.biosciences.wsu.edu/Faculty/pall.html

Washington State University Home Pall, Martin L. Mail Research Interests Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Fibromyalgia, Excessive Nitric Oxide/Peroxynitrite and Excessive NMDA Activity Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Publications Pall ML. Elevated, sustained peroxynitrite levels as the cause of chronic fatigue syndrome. Medical Hypotheses 2000;54:115-125. Pall ML. Elevated peroxynitrite as the cause of chronic fatigue syndrome: Other inducers and mechanisms of symptom generation. Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 2000;7(4):45-58. Pall ML. Cobalamin used in chronic fatigue syndrome therapy is a nitric oxide scavenger. Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, 2001;8(2):39-44. Pall ML, Satterlee JD. Elevated nitric oxide/peroxynitrite mechanism for the common etiology of multiple chemical sensitivity, chronic fatigue syndrome and posttraumatic stress disorder. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 2001;933:323-329. Pall ML. Common etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and multiple chemical sensitivity via elevated nitric oxide/peroxynitrite, Medical Hypotheses, 2001;57:139-145.

64. Smarandache Hypothesis And Quantum Smarandache Paradoxes Smarandache hypothesis that there is no speed barrier in the universe, and the quantum Smarandache paradoxes about certainty/uncertainty, visible/invisible, http://www.gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/physics.htm

65. Hypotheses There is no formal hypothesis, and perhaps the purpose of the study is to The way we would formally set up the hypothesis test is to formulate two http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/hypothes.htm

Home Five Big Words Types of Questions Time in Research ... Variables [ Hypotheses ] Types of Data Unit of Analysis Two Research Fallacies An hypothesis is a specific statement of prediction. It describes in concrete (rather than theoretical) terms what you expect will happen in your study. Not all studies have hypotheses. Sometimes a study is designed to be exploratory (see inductive research ). There is no formal hypothesis, and perhaps the purpose of the study is to explore some area more thoroughly in order to develop some specific hypothesis or prediction that can be tested in future research. A single study may have one or many hypotheses. Actually, whenever I talk about an hypothesis, I am really thinking simultaneously about two hypotheses. Let's say that you predict that there will be a relationship between two variables in your study. The way we would formally set up the hypothesis test is to formulate two hypothesis statements, one that describes your prediction and one that describes all the other possible outcomes with respect to the hypothesized relationship. Your prediction is that variable A and variable B will be related (you don't care whether it's a positive or negative relationship). Then the only other possible outcome would be that variable A and variable B are not related. Usually, we call the hypothesis that you support (your prediction) the

66. Algebraic Curves, Riemann Hypothesis And Coding Marios Magioladitis, University of Crete, 2001. Introduction and text (DOC, PS). http://www.math.uoc.gr/~marios/essay.htm

Algebraic Curves, Riemann hypothesis and coding File moved here

67. Documentary Hypothesis Briefly stated, the Documentary hypothesis sees the Torah as having been composed But they agree that the general approach of the Documentary hypothesis http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rs/2/Judaism/jepd.html

Documentary Hypothesis Literary analysis shows that the Pentateuch was not written by one person. Multiple strands of tradition were woven together to produce the Torah. The view that is persuasive to most of the critical scholars of the Pentateuch is called the Documentary Hypothesis, or the Graf-Wellhausen Hypothesis, after the names of the 19th-century scholars who put it in its classic form. Briefly stated, the Documentary Hypothesis sees the Torah as having been composed by a series of editors out of four major strands of literary traditions. These traditions are known as J, E, D, and P. We can diagram their relationships as follows. J (the Jahwist or Jerusalem source) uses the Tetragrammaton as God's name. This source's interests indicate it was active in the southern Kingdom of Judah in the time of the divided Kingdom. J is responsible for most of Genesis. E (the Elohist or Ephraimitic source) uses Elohim ("God") for the divine name until Exodus 3-6, where the Tetragrammaton is revealed to Moses and to Israel. This source seems to have lived in the northern Kingdom of Israel during the divided Kingdom. E wrote the Aqedah story and other parts of Genesis, and much of Exodus and Numbers. J and E were joined fairly early, apparently after the fall of the Northern Kingdom in 722 BCE. It is often difficult to separate J and E stories that have merged.

68. Riemann's Hypothesis A beginners guide by Jon Perry. http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~perry/maths/riemannshypothesis/riemannshypothe

Riemann's Hypothesis [Home] [Other Maths] [Riemann's Hypothesis Part 2] My proof of Riemann's Hypothesis Riemann's Hypothesis Euler's zeta function Euler's zeta function, which forms the basis for Riemann's Hypothesis, is the sum of the integers from 1 to infinity raised to a complex power. It is written: This converges for complex s such that the real part of s is greater than 1, but for s <=1 it diverges, and is not considered to be valid on this region. Riemann's zeta function Riemann had the idea to extend this function into the whole complex plane, which he managed to do, except for a simple pole at s=1. He achieved this through a process called analytic continuation. Analytic continuation is whereby an alternative function is used that behaves exactly as the original function in the domain of the original function, and continues the function outside of the original domain. This is the idea in defining i =-1. The previous definition of square root did not allow for square root of negative numbers, and i is the analytic continuation of the square root function. With analytic continuation, we can have different expressions for the zeta function, but they all behave the same. This is similar to writing either sigma(1/n

69. Statistics Glossary - Hypothesis Testing statistical glossary hypothesis testing. The alternative hypothesis, H1, is a statement of what a statistical hypothesis test is set up to establish. http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/steps/glossary/hypothesis_testing.html

Hypothesis testing Hypothesis Test Null Hypothesis Alternative Hypothesis Simple Hypothesis ... Index of all entries Hypothesis Test Setting up and testing hypotheses is an essential part of statistical inference. In order to formulate such a test, usually some theory has been put forward, either because it is believed to be true or because it is to be used as a basis for argument, but has not been proved, for example, claiming that a new drug is better than the current drug for treatment of the same symptoms. In each problem considered, the question of interest is simplified into two competing claims / hypotheses between which we have a choice; the null hypothesis, denoted H , against the alternative hypothesis, denoted H . These two competing claims / hypotheses are not however treated on an equal basis: special consideration is given to the null hypothesis. We have two common situations: The experiment has been carried out in an attempt to disprove or reject a particular hypothesis, the null hypothesis, thus we give that one priority so it cannot be rejected unless the evidence against it is sufficiently strong. For example, H : there is no difference in taste between coke and diet coke against H : there is a difference.

70. Hypothesis On Time The aim of the following work is to suggest a new concept on the way of appreciating and measuring time. http://andrepierrejocelyn.ifrance.com/trad/

To gain a better understanding of the site. Three times. Andre pierre jocelyn HYPOTHESIS ON TIME New hypothesis on time Structure of the site: A. Demonstration of the fact that the time is exponential in mechanics of the fluids. Details from the original text. B Demonstration on curves defined as impossible to represent arithmetically; generalization of exponential time in science. Example from biology. C Value of the demonstration: philosophy of the hypothesis. D. Logical development and relations between mathematics, physical or biological science and philosophy: to gain a better understanding of the site E Search of examples and definitions, other pages. F. Coherence: Paul Janet Before philosophy of the hypothesis Since the philosophy is the research of the first causes and the first principles; and since the first principle of any reasoning is the identity principle, more known under the name of "omne subjectum est proedicatum sui", the principle of the fact that an identity cannot vary in the reasoning; and since the zero still means nothing by definition. I do not think that the zero can have other meaning than nothing. In other words we cannot use the zero in a representation or analyzes physical modelling matter ; because even if this matter changed form through the filter of our perception, nothing enables us to say that it does not exist any more. I think that to believe it or write it using the zero is an error. Andre p.j. I propose to approach the analysis of the systems using a state of order. In other words, to observe the state of the matter between two forms, or in other words to take a reference which would be the final state, and a source which would be the most disordered state or initial state, having for value "1". In this scale we can find all the states of order, (according to the subject, analyzed characteristic), the shapes or combinations of the matter. Andre p.j.

71. Hypothesis On MATTER An alternative approach to provide simple and logical explanations to all physical phenomena related to matter. http://www.geocities.com/matterdoc/

Hypothesis on M A T T E R (A preliminary study) AN ALTERNATIVE CONCEPT By Nainan.K.Varghese ‘Hypothesis on MATTER ’ is a revolutionary new concept, which attempts to explain all physical phenomena based on just one type of fundamental particle - the Quantum of matter The book explains a wide array of physical phenomena, from the origin of matter to gravity and subatomic interactions to cosmological events, based on the simple mechanical interactions of quanta of matter. There is no more any need to invoke irrational assumptions like “diversity of forces, mass-energy equivalence, constancy of light’s speed, distinct natures of electric charges, singularities, big bang, etc ”. This new concept will radically alter our understanding of the physical universe and at the same time, explain complex physical phenomena with simple “Cause and Effect” relationships. TABLE OF CONTENTS: Chapter 1 (HTML) (PDF) INTRODUCTION 1.1. General 1.2. Aim of this text 1.3. Salient features of this hypothesis 1.4. Scope of this text

72. Index.html http://www.hypothesis.com/

73. New Scientist Dawn Of Human Race Uncovered The discovery of three Ethiopian skulls from 160,000 years ago, showing almost completely modern features, lends new support to the Outof-Africa hypothesis. Includes information about handling of skulls after death and dating techniques used. http://www.newscientist.com/news/news.jsp?id=ns99993814

74. Avogadro's Hypothesis However, Dalton rejected Avogadro s hypothesis because Dalton believed When Avogadro made up his hypothesis, he was a lawyer for the Catholic church http://www.carlton.paschools.pa.sk.ca/chemical/molemass/avogadro.htm

Avogadro's Hypothesis Science creates knowledge using two processes: by making observations (to collect empirical evidence and create scientific laws by explaining the reason for those observations (to create and test hypotheses) Occasionally both processes are carried out by the same person; often however, the observations have occurred long before a satisfactory explanation for them is thought up. An hypothesis is a tentative (as opposed to a theory which is well tested) explanation for observed events. An hypothesis is not a prediction , but it must allow you to make predictions which can be tested by experiment. When the results of those experiments are as predicted, it lends support to the hypothesis as a good explanation, and its eventual acceptance as a theory. If the results are not as predicted, the hypothesis must be modified, or replaced with a better explanation. No statement is an hypothesis unless it suggests a cause for an effect, and unless it has the possibility of being wrong. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an hypothesis?

75. The Iron Hypothesis Basic Research Meets Environmental Policy The iron hypothesis Basic research meets environmental policy. Sallie W. Chisolm. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Department of http://www.agu.org/revgeophys/chisho00/chisho00.html

Next: Introduction The iron hypothesis: Basic research meets environmental policy Sallie W. Chisolm Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts Introduction Phytoplankton and the Biological Pump The Iron Hypothesis Testing The Iron Hypothesis: The First Open Ocean Fertilization Experiment ... References U.S. National Report to IUGG, 1991-1994

76. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis These notes on the SapirWhorf hypothesis concerning linguistic relativity and determinism are from a book on The Act of Writing by Daniel Chandler. http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/short/whorf.html

The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Daniel Chandler Greek Translation now available Within linguistic theory, two extreme positions concerning the relationship between language and thought are commonly referred to as 'mould theories’ and 'cloak theories'. Mould theories represent language as 'a mould in terms of which thought categories are cast' (Bruner et al. 1956, p. 11). Cloak theories represent the view that 'language is a cloak conforming to the customary categories of thought of its speakers' (ibid.). The doctrine that language is the 'dress of thought' was fundamental in Neo-Classical literary theory (Abrams 1953, p. 290), but was rejected by the Romantics (ibid.; Stone 1967, Ch. 5). There is also a related view (held by behaviourists, for instance) that language and thought are identical . According to this stance thinking is entirely linguistic: there is no 'non-verbal thought', no 'translation' at all from thought to language. In this sense, thought is seen as completely determined by language. The Sapir-Whorf theory, named after the American linguists Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf, is a

77. MLA Research Section Newsletter - Hypothesis hypothesis (ISSN 10935665) is the official journal of the Research Section of MLA. hypothesis is indexed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied http://gain.mercer.edu/mla/research/hypothesis.html

HYPOTHESIS (ISSN 1093-5665) is the official journal of the Research Section of MLA . It is published three times a year by the Section: Spring (March), Summer (July/August) and Fall (November). Items to be included should be sent to the Editor by the 15th of the preceding month (i.e., February 15th for Spring, June 15th for Summer, October 15th for Fall). Copy is preferred by e-mail, but will be accepted in other formats. HYPOTHESIS is indexed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the The files you will be retrieving are in PDF format and are viewable only with the . The software is free from Adobe, Inc. and includes documentation for installation. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 [227 KB] Volume 18, Number 3, Fall 2004 [219 KB] Volume 18, Number 2, Summer 2004 [170 KB] Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2004 [176 KB] Volume 17, Number 3, Fall 2003 [174 KB] Volume 17, Number 2, Summer 2003 [156 KB] Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 2003 [255 KB] Volume 16, Number 3, Fall 2002 [753 KB] Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002

78. An Evolutionary Hypothesis For Eating Disorders Riadh T. Abed argues that the roots of some eating disorders may be sexual competition. Published in the British Journal of Medical Psychology 71(4)525547. http://cogprints.soton.ac.uk/documents/disk0/00/00/08/00/cog00000800-00/eatdis~1

The Sexual Competition Hypothesis For Eating Disorders Riadh T. Abed, MBChB, DPM, MRCPsych. Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, Rotherham District General Hospital, Moorgate Road, Rotherham S60 2UD, United Kingdom, and Honorary Clinical Lecturer, University of Sheffield. Fax: 114 2507651; E-mail: abed@globalnet.co.uk Acknowledgements: I am grateful to Dr. R.L. Palmer and Dr. K. de Pauw for reading and commenting on earlier versions of this paper. I also wish to thank Professor P. Gilbert Associate Editor and the two anonymous referees for their critical review of the paper and for offering valuable advice. The Sexual Competition Hypothesis For Eating Disorders Evolutionary science has made few inroads into psychiatry despite the fact that over 130 years have passed since Darwin’s Origin The hypothesis on eating disorders presented here is derived from the evolutionary theory of human sexuality. The present hypothesis is based upon the assumption that, besides shaping anatomical systems, selection also designs psychological and behavioural adaptations that are just as important for the organisms survival and reproductive success (Lorenz, 1937; Dawkins,1982). Hypothesis: The present hypothesis is based upon the following assumptions: 1. In the ancestral environment, the female shape was a generally reliable indicator of the female’s reproductive history and hence her future reproductive potential.

79. Reincarnation Research In Search Of The Most Parsimonious Exhaustive Hypothesis Critical article by Titus Rivas. http://members.lycos.nl/Kritisch/index-53.html

Welcome to Kritisch, a site of Titus Rivas, M.A., psychical researcher, philosopher and theoretical psychologist. Please send your response to: titusrivas@hotmail.com Dr. Ian Stevenson Reincarnation research: In search of the most parsimonious sufficient hypothesis by Titus Rivas , MA Abstract In this article, an attempt is made to explain the so-called Cases of the Reincarnation Type (CORTs), studied by researchers all over the world. The author stresses in general that a good scholarly interpretation is both parsimonious and exhaustive. Thus, although many cases can be explained by normal processes such as self-deception and fantasy, some of them definitely need a parapsychological explanation. Similarly, although ESP appears to be a more parsimonious hypothesis, it doesn't satisfactorily explain those cases that defy normal hypotheses. In contrast, reincarnation does fulfill both conditions. Finally, the author mentions some topics for further research, which go beyond a mere demonstration of reincarnation. 1. Introduction

80. Investor Home - The Efficient Market Hypothesis Investor Home The Efficient Market hypothesis and Random Walk Theory. http://www.investorhome.com/emh.htm

The Efficient Market Hypothesis An issue that is the subject of intense debate among academics and financial professionals is the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). The Efficient Market Hypothesis states that at any given time, security prices fully reflect all available information. The implications of the efficient market hypothesis are truly profound. Most individuals that buy and sell securities (stocks in particular), do so under the assumption that the securities they are buying are worth more than the price that they are paying, while securities that they are selling are worth less than the selling price. But if markets are efficient and current prices fully reflect all information, then buying and selling securities in an attempt to outperform the market will effectively be a game of chance rather than skill. The Efficient Market Hypothesis evolved in the 1960s from the Ph.D. dissertation of Eugene Fama (link courtesy of Ibbotson Associates ). Fama persuasively made the argument that in an active market that includes many well-informed and intelligent investors, securities will be appropriately priced and reflect all available information. If a market is efficient, no information or analysis can be expected to result in outperformance of an appropriate benchmark "An 'efficient' market is defined as a market where there are large numbers of rational, profit-maximizers actively competing, with each trying to predict future market values of individual securities, and where important current information is almost freely available to all participants. In an efficient market, competition among the many intelligent participants leads to a situation where, at any point in time, actual prices of individual securities already reflect the effects of information based both on events that have already occurred and on events which, as of now, the market expects to take place in the future. In other words, in an efficient market at any point in time the actual price of a security will be a good estimate of its intrinsic value."

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