1. Memetics Meme an information pattern, held in an individual s memory, which is capableof being copied to another individual s memory. memetics the theoretical and http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/MEMES.html

Memetics Meme: an information pattern, held in an individual's memory, which is capable of being copied to another individual's memory. Memetics: the theoretical and empirical science that studies the replication, spread and evolution of memes Cultural evolution, including the evolution of knowledge , can be modelled through the same basic principles of variation and selection that underly biological evolution . This implies a shift from genes as units of biological information to a new type of units of cultural information: memes A meme is a cognitive or behavioral pattern that can be transmitted from one individual to another one. Since the individual who transmitted the meme will continue to carry it, the transmission can be interpreted as a replication : a copy of the meme is made in the memory of another individual, making him or her into a carrier of the meme. This process of self-reproduction (the memetic life-cycle ), leading to spreading over a growing group of individuals, defines the meme as a replicator, similar in that respect to the gene (Dawkins, 1976; Moritz, 1991). Dawkins listed the following three characteristics for any successful replicator: copying-fidelity: the more faithful the copy, the more will remain of the initial pattern after several rounds of copying. If a painting is reproduced by making photocopies from photocopies, the underlying pattern will quickly become unrecognizable.

2. Journal Of Memetics - Evolutionary Models Of Information Transmission Peerreviewed e-journal dedicated, in general, to the evolution of cultural behaviors and, more specifically, to evolutionary models of information transmission. http://jom-emit.cfpm.org/

Notice: This incarnation of JoM- EMIT is now closed The existing papers will continue to be freely accessible at this site. However, the journal will be relaunched at www.jom-emit.org Last Issue - Retropectives and Prospects on 8 years of JoM- EMIT ... EMIT Ancilliary Information: About the journal: aims, scope, editors, etc. Practical questions about JoM- EMIT Information for authors ... Memetics discussion list Other: A brief overview and history of memetics A bibliography of memetics A lexicon of memetics at the Principia Cybernetica Project Links to sites related to memetics ... Other on-line publications on memetics Sponsored by the Centre for Policy Modelling , and the Prinicipia Cybernetica Project ISSN 1366-4786

3. Memetics Papers On The Web An index of online papers and articles about meme theory. http://users.lycaeum.org/~sputnik/Memetics/

Memetics publications on the web: This site uses QBullets to mark links: This is an "http" link to an external web site This is a "mailto" link that will pop up an email form This links to a plain text file This links to a file hosted at this site Also, names in green mark frequently-cited authors, and green asterisks ( ) mark frequently-cited works A Critique and Defense of Memesis Memesis Symposium (1996): "As of today memetics is very far from fulfilling the requirements of a science. But I think it is just a matter of time before most of these problems have been resolved." Antomarini, Brunella Speel, Hans-Cees Questions and Answers about Memetics MONTAG (1996): Five questions and answers about memes, translated from an Italian book series. Aunger, Robert A Report On The Conference "Do Memes Account For Culture?" Held At King's College, Cambridge JOM:EMIT Aunger, Robert Culture Vultures The Sciences (1999): A review of Blackmore's The Meme Machine B Baldassarre, Gianluca Cultural evolution of "guiding criteria" and behaviour in a population of neural-network agents JOM:EMIT (2001): "This work presents a computational model that investigates the nature and function of some forms of "guiding criteria" in the cultural evolution of a population of agents that learn and adapt to the environment using neural networks."

4. Meme Central - Memes, Memetics, And Mind Virus Resource FAQ, links, and a bookstore. (By Richard Brodie, author of the popular book onmemetics, Virus of the Mind .) http://www.memecentral.com/

Search this site! by FreeFind Meme Central Welcome to Meme Central, the center of the world of memetics . Memes are contagious ideas, all competing for a share of our mind in a kind of Darwinian selection. As memes evolve, they become better and better at distracting and diverting us from whatever we'd really like to be doing with our lives. They are a kind of Drug of the Mind. Confused? Blame it on memes. Quick Tour: Subscribe to my free newsletter, Meme Update Start reading my book Virus of the Mind: the New Science of the Meme ... memetics Memetics FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) How do you pronounce "meme"? " Meem " (rhymes with "dream") What is a meme? Memes are the basic building blocks of our minds and culture, in the same way that genes are the basic building blocks of biological life. Isn't memetics The breakthrough in memetics is in extending Darwinian evolution to culture. There are several exciting conclusions from doing that, one of which is the ability to predict that ideas will spread not because they are "good ideas", but because they contain "good memes" such as danger, food and sex that push our evolutionary buttons and force us to pay attention to them. Who invented memes?

5. Alt.memetics Bibliography A comprehensive bibliography of memetics and related topics. http://maxwell.lucifer.com/virus/alt.memetics/faq.html

6. Memetics memetics Master s Thesis Contact Details Klaas Chielens Waversesteenweg1245 1160 Oudergem email memetics@chielens.net http://memetics.chielens.net/

Memetics Who am I Memetics Master's Thesis Phd. ... Links Klaas Chielens I graduated in 2003 in Linguistics from the V.U.B. . My masters thesis was entitled: " The Viral Aspects of Language: A quantitative Research of Memetic Selection Criteria. " In this project I was guided by my promotor Prof. dr. Francis Heylighen In october 2004 I started working as a phd researcher at the V.U.B. , under the ever watching and guiding eyes of Prof. dr. Francis Heylighen and Prof. dr. Alex Housen . The main topic for this phd research is the importance of language background in the proces of knowledge aquisition, selection and spreading. It is mainly based on my masters thesis. You can find more information about my phd and the papers and other things I'm working on in the phd section of this site. Contact Details Klaas Chielens Waversesteenweg 1245 1160 Oudergem email: memetics@chielens.net Klaas Chielens

7. ``Memes, The New Replicators'' The text that started off the science of memetics. http://www.rubinghscience.org/memetics/dawkinsmemes.html

http://www.rubinghscience.org/memetics/dawkinsmemes.html Dec. 1999 Chapter 11 from Richard Dawkins, ``The Selfish Gene'' [ First published 1976; 1989 edition: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-286092-5 (paperback) ], the best short introduction to, and the text that kicked off, the new science of MEMETICS (and, also, the text where Dawkins coined the term ` meme The following, key, paragraph of this chapter may perhaps serve as an abstract: The notes (1), (2), ... are from the 1989 edition. Highlights ** and text in square brackets are not original. 11. Memes: the new replicators So far, I have not talked much about man in particular, though I have not deliberately excluded him either. Part of the reason I have used the term `survival machine' is that `animal' would have left out plants and, in some people's minds, humans. The arguments I have put forward should, prima facie, apply to any evolved being. If a species is to be excepted, it must be for good reasons. Are there any good reasons for supposing our own species to be unique ? I believe the answer is yes. Most of what is unusual about man can be summed up in one word: `culture'. I use the word not in its snobbish sense, but as a scientist uses it. Cultural transmission is analogous to genetic transmission in that, although basically conservative, it can give rise to a form of evolution. Geoffrey Chaucer could not hold a conversation with a modern Englishman, even though they are linked to each other by an unbroken chain of some twenty generations of Englishmen, each of whom could speak to his immediate neighbours in the chain as a son speaks to his father. Language seems to `evolve' by non-genetic means, and at a rate which is orders of magnitude faster than genetic evolution.

8. Memetics Examples and Applications of memetics. The applications of memetics are endless. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Memes: Introduction memetics is largely concerned with how that idea gets itself replicated.memetics is vital to the understanding of cults, ideologies, and marketing http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/MEMIN.HTML

Memes: Introduction by Glenn Grant, Memeticist "An idea is something you have; an ideology is something that has you." Morris Berman What if ideas were viruses? Consider the T-phage virus. A T-phage cannot replicate itself; it reproduces by hijacking the DNA of a bacterium, forcing its host to make millions of copies of the phage. Similarly, an idea can parasitically infect your mind and alter your behavior, causing you to want to tell your friends about the idea, thus exposing them to the idea-virus. Any idea which does this is called a "meme" (pronounced `meem'). Unlike a virus, which is encoded in DNA molecules, a meme is nothing more than a pattern of information, one that happens to have evolved a form which induces people to repeat that pattern. Typical memes include individual slogans, ideas, catch-phrases, melodies, icons, inventions, and fashions. It may sound a bit sinister, this idea that people are hosts for mind-altering strings of symbols, but in fact this is what human culture is all about. As a species, we have co-evolved with our memes. Imagine a group of early Homo Sapiens in the Late Pleistocene epoch. They've recently arrived with the latest high-tech hand axes and are trying to show their

10. Memetics Meme an information pattern, held in an individual's memory, which is capable of being copied to another individual's memory. memetics the http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Links On Evolutionary Theory And Memetics Links on Evolutionary Theory and memetics http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. A Brief Overview And History Of Memetics The History of the Memetic Approach; memetics and Related Evolutionary Approaches Key References (for more see the Bibliography of memetics) http://jom-emit.cfpm.org/overview.html

Journal of Memetics Evolutionary Models of Information Transmission http://jom-emit.cfpm.org/overview.html A Brief Overview and History of Memetics The History of the Memetic Approach Memetics and Related Evolutionary Approaches Some Key References Back to JoM-EMIT Home The History of the Memetic Approach At least since the early seventies several authors have tried to adopt the principle of evolution by selection to understand the continuous change in cultural behaviors (Boyd , Calvin , Campbel , Cloak ). Richard Dawkins popularized the memetic approach. He coined the term 'meme' as an analog to the biological unit of inheritance, the gene or the genetic replicator (Dawkins ). The rather simple distinction between genetic replicators as 'genes' on the one hand, opposed to all non-genetic replicators as 'memes' has been firmly imprinted in the evolutionary thinking about cultural information (Dennett , Hofstadter , Hull , Lynch , Westoby ). Since its initial conception, the term 'meme' has been used under very different meanings and in very different contexts, infecting a wide variety of disciplines. Among the most known are Dennett , who sees the human mind as being built up with memes comparable to the programming of a computer. Hull

13. Journal Of Memetics - Evolutionary Models Of Information Transmission A peerreviewed academic journal discussing views and research in memetics. http://www.cpm.mmu.ac.uk/jom-emit/

Notice: This incarnation of JoM- EMIT is now closed The existing papers will continue to be freely accessible at this site. However, the journal will be relaunched at www.jom-emit.org Last Issue - Retropectives and Prospects on 8 years of JoM- EMIT ... EMIT Ancilliary Information: About the journal: aims, scope, editors, etc. Practical questions about JoM- EMIT Information for authors ... Memetics discussion list Other: A brief overview and history of memetics A bibliography of memetics A lexicon of memetics at the Principia Cybernetica Project Links to sites related to memetics ... Other on-line publications on memetics Sponsored by the Centre for Policy Modelling , and the Prinicipia Cybernetica Project ISSN 1366-4786

14. Journal Of Memetics - Evolutionary Models Of Information A peerreviewed academic journal discussing views and research in memetics. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. Memetics Papers On The Web memetics publications on the web This site uses QBullets to mark links This is an "http" link to an external web site http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. The Selfish Text: The Bible And Memetics Dawkins and other writers on memetics frequently cite the example of the Nothing in the theory of memetics can help us to establish the truth or falsity http://users.lycaeum.org/~sputnik/Memetics/bible.html

THE SELFISH TEXT: THE BIBLE AND MEMETICS The Bible into Culture Colloquium, Sheffield 9-12 April 1997 Hugh S. Pyper Dept of Theology and Religious Studies University of Leeds Simply in terms of the number of copies currently in existence, the Bible represents one of the most successful texts ever produced. Whereas other great texts of the ancient world have either been lost or else exist only in a relatively small number of copies, the Bible is ubiquitous. It exists in over two thousand different languages and in many of those languages it exists in multiple translations. Something identifiable with the Bible in its present form has existed for nearly two millennia. If 'survival of the fittest' has any validity as a slogan, then the Bible seems a fair candidate for the accolade of the fittest of texts. According to the collective authors of The Postmodern Bible , it is a 'truism' that the bible has exerted more influence on Western culture than any other book (The Bible and Culture Collective 1995: 1). In art, literature, politics and religion, biblical thought-forms, narratives and quotations are all-pervasive. As Western culture becomes globalised, so too does the bible. It is said that between a quarter and a third of all Japanese households possess a bible, in a country where only one or two percent of the population have any Christian adherence. This is because it is regarded as essential background for a proper understanding of Western culture. One effect of the spread of western culture through trade, conquest as well as missionary activity has been the spread of a collection of ancient Hebrew and Greek texts to every corner of the globe. Where Western culture goes, the bible goes too.

17. Robert Aunger's Home Page Biological anthropologist at the University of Cambridge with interests in human cultural evolution, memes and memetics. Features his studies of food taboos among pygmy foragers and horticulturalists in the Ituri Forest of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. http://www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~rva20/

Senior Lecturer in Evolutionary Public Health Hygiene Centre London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Keppel Street London WC1E 7HT ENGLAND bob@robertaunger.net

18. Meme Central - Memes, Memetics, And Mind Virus Resource FAQ, links, and a bookstore. (By Richard Brodie, author of the popular book on memetics, _QUOTATION_Virus of the Mind_QUOTATION_.) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. HansCees.com The Evolution and Philosophy section discusses evolution in biology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, and memetics. http://web.inter.nl.net/users/hanscees/evolu.htm

Home Memetics Evolution Hate Pages ... Journal of Memetics Fashinating thoughts Get to Know Linux Linux commands compiling, c and libs Then LINUX is better than windows Exchange Functionality for Linux ... Online Tree guide Common Dutch trees; photoshoot in Nijmegen, Weezenhof Just pretty photos Tantalizing Details Holland is beautifull Garter Snakes mantellas ... Tricolor-Tiny Frogs Evolution, Complexity and Philosophy Essence of evolutionary theory Evolutionary theory is used in several disciplines. Any theory of evolution is about processes of change. An extra requirement for an evolutionary theory is that purely random and entirely time-reversable patterns are excluded; evolution concerns exclusively change that is, at least statistically irreversible. To qualify, irreversible change must entail processes that lead to emergence, or at least the persistence, of ordered structure in space and time. (The new evolutionary Pardigm [Laszlo E] 1991, pxxiii) In general, evolutionary theories are about [the dynamics of] processes of adaptation, replication and information of systems in environments. Key to evolutionary theory is that it explains the built-up of knowledge out of "nothing", or better out of at least an evolutionary process with the building blocks mentioned before. Darwinian evolutionary theory explains the built-up of knowledge without any reference to "guided evolution" or any processes guided by thought and mind-like processes. Five key-references to evolutionary thought can be found here.

20. Memes.org Memes Are Mind Viruses 13, 2004) Marketing (Jan 13, 2005) Memes (Jan 12, 2005) Memes.org (Dec 14, 2004) memetics (Jan 11, 2005) Mind (Jan 11 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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