1. Grace Chisholm Young Grace Chisholm Young was born on March 15, 1868, near London, England. Besides her extensive work in mathematics, Grace Chisholm Young completed all the http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/young.htm

Grace Chisholm Young March 15, 1868 - March 29, 1944 Grace Chisholm Young was born on March 15, 1868, near London, England. She was the youngest of three surviving children. Her father was Warden of the Standards in the British government, in charge of the department of weights and measures. Her brother was sent to grammar school, a prestigious boarding school, and then earned a top scholarship to Oxford, but in the custom of the times in England, Grace and her sister were taught at home by their mother and a governess. Her family encouraged her to become involved in social work among the London poor but Chisholm wanted to continue her studies. Her mother would not allow her to study medicine so she decided to study mathematics at Girton College, part of Cambridge University. Girton, opened in 1869, was the first school in England dedicated to educating women at the university level. Chisholm entered Girton in 1889 at the age of 21. Women could not earn formal degrees at Cambridge at that time, but in 1893 she passed her final examinations (Mathematics Tripos) and scored the equivalent of a first-class degree. Chisholm wanted to continue in mathematics but women were not yet admitted to graduate schools in England so she went to Gottingen in Germany to study with Felix Klein. This was one of the major mathematical centers in the world. The decision to admit her had to be approved by the Berlin Ministry of Culture. She earned the Ph.D. magna cum laude at the age of 27. Again government approval had to be obtained to allow her to take the examination. She thus became the first woman to officially receive a doctorate in any field in Germany. As Sylvia Wiegand writes in [5]

2. Grace Chisholm Young Grace Chisholm Young. March 15, 1868 March 29, 1944. Grace Chisholm Young was born on March 15, 1868, near London, England. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. ASU Libraries Noble Library - Scientific Biography Greenwood Press, 1987. QA 28 .W66 1987 Science Reference From Maria Gaetana Agnesi to Grace Chisholm Young, this reference work contains http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

4. Grace Chisholm Young Biography of Grace Chisholm Young http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Grace Chisholm Young Grants Women in Mathematics Committee Grace Chisholm Young Grants http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

6. Grace Chisholm Young - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Grace Chisholm Young http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Grace Chisholm Young - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Grace Chisholm Young (March 15, 1868 March 29, 1944) was a mathematician educatedat Girton College, England. Her early writings were published under the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Chisholm_Young

Wikimedia needs your help in the final days of its fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$225,000 has been donated so far! Other charities also need your help. Grace Chisholm Young From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Grace Chisholm Young March 15 March 29 ) was a mathematician educated at Girton College England . Her early writings were published under the name of her husband William Henry Young . For her work on calculus ), she was awarded the Gamble Prize edit External links Biography at the MacTutor archive Biography at the Biographies of Women Mathematicians Web Site This biographical article about a mathematician is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Chisholm_Young Categories Mathematician stubs 1868 births ... Women mathematicians Views Article Discussion Edit this page History Personal tools Create account / log in Navigation Main Page Community portal Current events Recent changes ... Donations Search Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages ... Permanent link In other languages Deutsch This page was last modified 15:27, 22 August 2005.

8. Grace Chisholm Young - Definition Of Grace Chisholm Young In Grace Chisholm Young (March 15, 1868 March 29, 1944) was a mathematician educated at Girton College, England. Her early writings were published http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Grace Chisholm Young - Art History Online Reference And Guide Grace Chisholm Young Art History Online Reference and Guide http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. Gael Ramsey Grace Chisholm Young .. in 1895 she was the FIRST woman to receive a doctoral degree in mathematics from the University of Gottingen http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Grace Chisholm Young - Mathematicians @ Onebraincell.com Grace Chisholm Young Biography and Picture collection of Grace Chisholm Young. Grace Chisholm Young http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Young Grace Chisholm Young was born in Haslemere, England. Although her brother wassent to grammar school, a prestigious boarding school, where he could earn a http://www.math.wichita.edu/history/women/young.html

Grace Chisholm Young Grace Chisholm Young was born in Haslemere, England. Although her brother was sent to grammar school, a prestigious boarding school, where he could earn a top scholarship to Oxford, Grace and her sister were educated by a governess at home. In these times, this was the custom. Grace became involved in social work helping the poor in London. She had aspirations of studying medicine, but her family would not allow it. However, Grace wanted very much to continue her studies, so she entered Girton College, part of Cambridge University to study mathematics. Girton was the first school at the university level that was dedicated to educating women. In 1893, Grace passed her final examinations and scored the equivalent of a first-class degree. However, women were not awarded formal degrees at that time. In order to continue her studies, Grace had to go to Gottingen in Germany to study with Felix Klein. Women were not allowed to attend graduate school in England. Gottingen was one of the major mathematical centers in the world. Grace went on the attain the first woman to receive a doctorate in any field in Germany. While at Girton, Grace had a tutor by the name of William Young, whom she married the year after she received her Ph.D. at Gottingen. Grace and William spent the next 44 years together. They produced more than 200 mathematical papers and books, many of which were in William’s name. Grace had a very major role in producing these papers. William noted in an article in 1914 that he had discussed the major idea of the work with his wife, and Grace had elaborated on the argument and put it into publishable form. Grace produced many papers on her own despite the fact that her husband was away from the family for large parts of the year and she was left in Switzerland to take care of the children. She wrote a paper in 1915 on the foundations of calculus that won the Gamble Prize at Cambridge. She and her husband also published books on geometry and set theory.

13. Grace Chisholm Young Grace Chisholm young grace chisholm Young (1868 1944) was a mathematician educated at Girton College, England. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. Ardena's Short History Of A Few Women In Mathematics Ada Lovelace Ada Byron Lovelace (18151852). Grace young grace chisholmYoung (1868-1944), Emmy Noether Emmy Noether (1882-1935) http://www.ardenas-place.com/mathswmn.htm

if(top.location.href != self.location.href) document.writeln('Remove Frame'); Women Mathematicians Hypatia (AD 370-415) Some time ago I read a very interesting book. It was exciting for me to read of the accomplishments of women over the centuries who overcame sometimes extremely difficult circumstances, to study and become mathematicians. Emilie du Châtelet(1706-1749) Maria Gaetana Agnesi (1718-1799) I was able to do a little research in the time available to me and I found that there has been a greater study made on the very women I was going to present to you. The women are: Hypatia (AD 370-415) Emilie du Châtelet (1706-1749) Maria Gaetana Agnesi (1718-1799) Sophie Germain (1776-1831) Mary Fairfax Somerville (1780-1872) Ada Byron Lovelace (1815-1852) Grace Chisholm Young (1868-1944) Emmy Noether (1882-1935) Sophie Germain (1776-1831) Mary Fairfax Somerville (1780-1872) The book that I read was : "Math equals: biographies of women mathematicians and related activities" by Teri Perl. http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/alpha.htm This is the link that I found with the information that includes what I was going to present in this page. Ada Byron Lovelace (1815-1852) Grace Chisholm Young (1868-1944) Emmy Noether (1882-1935) Entry Start Page Sitemap Interests ... Ardena's Authors/Books Page Web site by Ardena Web Design var site="s11ghostfox"

15. Untitled Document LaiSang Young Lene Hau Lenore Blum Linda Goldway Keen Lorna Swain Louise Szmir Hay young grace chisholm. Updated September 23, 2003 by Martha Myers. http://science.kennesaw.edu/~mmyers/1101fa03/bio_misc.html

KSU 1101 Agnes Baxter Alice T Schafer Alicia Boole Stott Anna J Wheeler Pell Argelia Velez-Rodriguez Augusta Ada Lovelace Carol Karp Caroline Herschel Cathleen Morawetz Cecilia Krieger Charlotte Scott Christine Hamill Christine Ladd-Franklin Doris Cannell Dusa McDuff Edna Kramer Ellen Hayes Emma Lehmer Emmy Noether Evelyn Boyd Granville Evelyn Roden Nelson Fan Graham Chung Florence Nightingale Gertrude Cox Hanna Neumann Helena Rasiowa Herta Freitag Hilda Hudson Hilda von Geiringer Mises Hypatia of Alexandria Ingrid Daubechies Julia Robinson Karen Uhlenbeck Kathleen M Antonelli Krystyna Kuperberg Lai-Sang Young Lene Hau Lenore Blum Linda Goldway Keen Lorna Swain Louise Szmir Hay Maria Agnesi Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin Marjorie Browne Mary Cartwright Mary Ellen Rudin Mary Fasenmyer Mary Somerville Mary Warner Mina Rees Nina Bari Olga Oleinik Olga Taussky-Todd Olive Hazlett Pauline Sperry Pelageia Kochina Phillippa Fawcett Phyllis Nicolson Ruth Gentry Ruth Moufang Sheila Edmonds Sheila Scott Macintyre Sofia Kovalevskaya Sof'ja Janovskaja Sophie Germain Sun-Yung Alice Chang Susan Solomon Vera Pless Vivienne Malone-Mayes Winifred Merrill Winifred Sargent Young Grace Chisholm Updated September 23, 2003 by

16. Grace Chisholm Young - Wikipédia Grace Chislholmest une mathématicienne anglaise née près de Londres en 1868, http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Chisholm_Young

Wikim©dia a besoin de votre aide Grace Chisholm Young Un article de Wikip©dia, l'encyclop©die libre. Grace Chislholm est une math©maticienne anglaise n©e pr¨s de Londres en 1868, morte en 1944 et ©pouse de William Henry Young Elle travailla   l'universit© de G¶ttingen , sous la direction de Felix Klein . Elle passe un doctorat en 1895. Son m©moire concerne les groupes alg©briques de trigonom©trie sph©rique. Elle ©pouse en 1986 William Henry Young et entame une longue p©riode de travail collaboratif avec celui-ci qui les conduit   publier de nombreux ouvrages parmi lesquels en 1905, un trait© de g©om©trie en 1906, un livre sur la th©orie des ensembles. Elle poursuit aussi des recherches personnelles et publie, sous son propre nom, entre 1914 et 1916, des travaux concernant les fondements du calcul. En 1915, elle re§oit le prix Gamble de Cambridge pour ses travaux sur la d©rivation. La mort de son fils, durant la premi¨re guerre mondiale, stoppera definitivement ses recherches math©matiques. Bimbo and the Frogs R©cup©r©e de « http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Chisholm_Young

17. 14000 YOUNG WH, young grace chisholm. The Theory of sets of points. AMS Chelsea, 1972.Cote YOU 14426. VAN DER POL Balth, BREMMER H. Operational calculus based on http://www.univ-rouen.fr/LMRS/Biblio/acquis0310.html

LES ACQUISITIONS RÉCENTES OCTOBRE 2003 Au 31 octobre 2003 - 52 documents - Ouvrages AMBARTZUMIAN R.V. Factorization calculus and geometric probability Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990 Collection : ENC. OF MATH. 33 Cote AMB BERNSTEIN Serge, de LA VALLÉE POUSSIN C. L'Approximation AMS Chelsea, 1970 Cote BER BIEBERBACH L.; STEINHARDT F. (trad.) Conformal mapping AMS Chelsea, 2000 Cote BIE BLOCH Isabelle (dir.) Fusion d'informations en traitement du signal et des images Hermès Science, 2003 Cote BLO BONNESEN T., FENCHEL W. Theorie der Konvexen Körper AMS Chelsea, 1971 Cote BON BUCY Richard S., JOSEPH Peter D. Filtering for stochastic processes with applications to guidance AMS Chelsea, 1987 Cote BUC CAJORI Florian History of mathematics AMS Chelsea, 2000 Cote CAJ CARATHEODORY C. Calculus of variations and partial differential equations of the first order AMS Chelsea, 1999 Cote CAR CORDUNEANU Constantin Principles of differential and integral equations AMS Chelsea, 1977 Cote COR CORDUNEANU Constantin, GHEORGHIU N., BARBU V. Almost periodic functions AMS Chelsea, 1989

18. References Mathematical Union William Henry and grace chisholm young. grace chisholmyoung, Association for Women in Mathematics Newsletter. 1977, 7510. http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/biblio.htm

Biographies of Women Mathematicians , Agnes Scott College] References about Women Mathematicians Books and Articles Albers, Don. "Making Connections: A Profile of Fan Chung," Math Horizons, September 1995, 14-18. Albers, D. and G.L. Alexanderson. Mathematical People: Profiles and Interviews , Birkhauser, 1985. Contains interview with Olga Taussky-Todd. Albers, D., G.L. Alexanderson and C. Reid, More Mathematical People: Contemporary Conversations Contains conversations with Cathleen Morawetz, Julia Robinson, and Mary Ellen Rudin. The one of Julia Robinson is a reprint of the article by Constance Reid in the College Mathematics Journal with a correction to a mathematical misstatement and with better photos. Albers, D. and C. Reid. "An Interview with Mary Ellen Rudin," College Mathematics Journal, March 1988. Alic, Margaret. Hypatia's Heritage: A History of Women in Science from Antiquity throguh the NIneteenth Century, Beacon Press, Boston. [Agnesi, Chatelet, Germain, Lovelace, Kovalevsky] Anand, Kailash K. "Hanna Neumann: A great woman mathematician from down under," Association for Women in Mathematics Newsletter, 18(1) 1988, 10-13.

19. Chisholm_Young Biography of grace chisholm (18681944) grace chisholm young grace chisholm sparents were Anna Louisa Bell and Henry Williams chisholm. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Chisholm_Young.html

Grace Chisholm Young Born: 15 March 1868 in Haslemere (near London), England Died: 29 March 1944 in Croydon, Surrey, England Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Grace Chisholm 's parents were Anna Louisa Bell and Henry Williams Chisholm. Grace was the youngest of her parents' four children with her mother being 44 and her father 59 years old when she was born. Henry Chisholm had an important position in the government of the country being chief clerk to the exchequer. Grace had an older brother Hugh Chisholm, born two years earlier, who was also highly talented and went on to achieve fame as the editor of both the eleventh and twelfth editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica. Hugh was also highly influential as the city editor of The Times. Grace was only six years old when her father retired at the age of 65 and at this time the family moved to Haslemere in Surrey. There she was educated by a governess at home, then at the age of 17 she passed the Cambridge Senior Examination. Following her family's wishes, Grace become involved in social work among poor people in London. She was stopped by her family from studying medicine, the topic of her choice, then decided to enter Girton College, Cambridge in 1889 to study mathematics. At Girton her tutor was William Young . She obtained a first class degree in mathematics in 1892. Klein 's attitude towards women:-

20. Young One of the students young tutored was grace Emily chisholm, who studied mathematicsat Girton College. She then went to Göttingen where she was supervised http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Young.html

William Henry Young Born: 20 Oct 1863 in London, England Died: 7 July 1942 in Lausanne, Switzerland Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing William Young 's father was Henry Young, a grocer, and his mother was Hephzibah Jeal. William was his parents' eldest son and he was brought up by his parents as a Baptist. He attended the City of London School where the headmaster was particularly fascinated by mathematics. This headmaster was Edwin A Abott, who was the author of the famous popular mathematical work Flatland. He immediately saw the potential that Young had for mathematics and he encouraged him in that direction. In 1881 Young entered Peterhouse, Cambridge, to begin his undergraduate studies of mathematics. At Cambridge Young was an outstanding student showing far more mathematical ability than any of the other students in his year. However to achieve the position of First Wrangler (the top position in the list of First Class graduates) in the Mathematical Tripos required enormous dedication and training in the type of examination questions set in the Tripos. It would be fair to say that the First Wrangler was the most skilled at answering Tripos questions rather than the best mathematician and many of the great mathematicians who attended Cambridge failed to gain this distinction. Young was one such student for he made a very conscious decision that becoming First Wrangler was less important to him than having varied interests, both academic and sporting, at university. He was fourth wrangler in 1884. While at Cambridge he put aside the Baptist religion of his family and was baptised into the Church of England.

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