1. Yavanesvara Biography of yavanesvara (120180) The particular Lord of the Greeks officialyavanesvara who we are interested in here worked under Rudradaman. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Yavanesvara.html

Yavanesvara Born: about 120 in Western India Died: about 180 in India Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Indian astrology was originally known as Jyotisha, which means "science of the stars". Until around the first century AD no real distinction was made between astrology and astronomy and in fact most astronomical theories were propounded to support the theory that the positions of the heavenly bodies directly influenced human events. The Indian methods of computing horoscopes all date back to the translation of a Greek astrology text into Sanskrit prose by Yavanesvara in 149 AD. Yavanesvara (or Yavanaraja) literally means "Lord of the Greeks" and it was a name given to many officials in western India during the period 130 AD - 390 AD. During this period the Ksatrapas ruled Gujarat (or Madhya Pradesh) and these "Lord of the Greeks" officials acted for the Greek merchants living in the area. The particular "Lord of the Greeks" official Yavanesvara who we are interested in here worked under Rudradaman. Rudradaman became ruler of the Ksatrapas in around 130 AD and it was during the period of his rule that Yavanesvara worked as an official and made his translation. We know of Rudradaman because information is recorded in a lengthy Sanskrit inscription at Junagadh written around 150 AD. The Greek astrology text in question was written in Alexandria some time round about 120 BC. Yavanesvara did far more than just translate the Greek text for such a translation would have had little relevance to the Indians. He therefore not only translated the language but he translated the context too. Instead of the Greek gods who appear in the original, Yavanesvara used Hindu images. Again he worked the Indian caste system into the work and made the work one which would fit well with the Indian thought.

2. Yavanesvara Biography of yavanesvara (120180) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. References For Yavanesvara References for the biography of yavanesvara. The URL of this page ishttp//wwwhistory.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/yavanesvara.html. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Yavanesvara.html

References for Yavanesvara Version for printing Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR November 2000 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Yavanesvara.html

4. Full Alphabetical Index List of mathematical biographies indexed alphabetically http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. MATH-HISTORY-LIST Archives -- December 2000 (#1) quote The Indian methods of computing horoscopes all date back to the translationof a Greek astrology text into Sanskrit prose by yavanesvara in 149 AD. http://www.maa.org/scripts/WA.EXE?A2=ind0012&L=math-history-list&D=1&T=0&P=53

6. References For Yavanesvara References for the biography of yavanesvara http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. References For Yavanesvara References for yavanesvara. Biography in Dictionary of http//wwwhistory.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/References/yavanesvara.html. http://202.38.126.65/mirror/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/References/Yava

8. Math Forum Discussions - Math-history-list Discussion on the history of mathematics, including announcements of meetings, new books and articles; http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Search Results For Babylonian yavanesvara (in a new window) In order to do this yavanesvara put into his workan explanation of the Greek version of the Babylonian theory of the motions of http://202.38.126.65/mirror/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Search/historys

10. Mathematicians Born In India Rajagopal Ramanujam Ramanujan Sankara Sommerville Sridhara Sripati Varahamihira Vijayanandi Henry Whitehead Yativrsabha yavanesvara http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Indian Math. History In St Andrews Archive By Antreas P. 0200 quote The Indian methods of computing horoscopes all date back to thetranslation of a Greek astrology text into Sanskrit prose by yavanesvara in 149 http://mathforum.org/epigone/math-history-list/shimpderdzhix

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12. SRIMAD BHAGAVATAM CANTO 4 - HOOFDSTUK 29 (1) Koning Pr c nabarhi zei 'O mijn Heer, uw woorden doemen nooit perfect op voor ons geestesoog; http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Search Results For Greek* yavanesvara The Indian methods of computing horoscopes all date back to thetranslation of a Greek astrology text into Sanskrit prose by yavanesvara in 149 http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Search/historysearch.cgi?SUGGESTION=Gre

14. Indian Mathematics Index 200 BC Katyayana 830 Prthudakasvami 1350 Madhava 120 AD yavanesvara 840 Sankara 1370 Paramesvara 476 Aryabhata I 870 Sridhara 1444 Nilakantha http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. References For Yavanesvara References for yavanesvaraReferences for yavanesvara. Version for printing The URL of this page ishttp//wwwhistory.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/yavanesvara.html. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Yavanesvara.html

References for Yavanesvara Version for printing Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR November 2000 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Yavanesvara.html

16. SRIMAD BHAGAVATAM CANTO 4 - CHAPTER 29 (1) King Pr c nabarhi said 'O my Lord, your words never perfectly arrive in our minds; http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway Search/Browse Results yavanesvara Born about 120 in Western India Died about 180 in IndiaPrevious (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main http://www.psigate.ac.uk/roads/cgi-bin/search_webcatalogue2.pl?limit=600&term1=b

18. COLOUR MUSIC IN THE NEW AGE De-mystifying De Clario came from Greek sources, with Alexander's conquests and, as late as 120 AD, the mathematician yavanesvara popularised his translation of a http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. Srimad Bhagavatam Canto 4 Chapter 29 SB 4.29.2325 The followers of yavanesvara Yamaraja are called the soldiersof death, and they are known as the various types of disturbances that http://srimadbhagavatam.com/4/29/en1

Canto 4: Creation of the Fourth Order Chapter 29: Talks Between Narada and King Pracinabarhi Bhaktivedanta VedaBase Srimad Bhagavatam SB 4.29.1 : King Pracinabarhi replied: My dear lord, we could not appreciate completely the purport of your allegorical story of King Puranjana . Actually, those who are perfect in spiritual knowledge can understand, but for us, who are overly attached to fruitive activities, to realize the purpose of your story is very difficult. SB 4.29.2 : The great sage Narada Muni continued: You must understand that Puranjana , the living entity, transmigrates according to his own work into different types of bodies, which may be one-legged, two-legged, three-legged, four-legged, many-legged or simply legless. Transmigrating into these various types of bodies, the living entity, as the so-called enjoyer, is known as Puranjana SB 4.29.3 : The person I have described as unknown is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the master and eternal friend of the living entity. Since the living entities cannot realize the Supreme Personality of Godhead by material names, activities or qualities, He remains everlastingly unknown to the conditioned soul. SB 4.29.4

20. Yavana Jataka His eyes are sweet and wide in the description of yavanesvara; his body gleams like molten gold. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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