41. Stoicism - A School Of Thought He was apparently well versed in Platonic thought, for he had studied at Plato sAcademy both with xenocrates of chalcedon and with Polemon of Athens, http://www.omhros.gr/Kat/History/Rel/Stoicism.htm

Stoicism A school of thought that flourished in Greek and Roman antiquity. It was one of the loftiest and most sublime philosophies in the record of Western civilization. In urging participation in the affairs of man, Stoics have always believed that the goal of all inquiry is to provide man with a mode of conduct characterized by tranquillity of mind and certainty of moral worth. Nature and scope of Stoicism For the early Stoic philosopher, as for all the post-Aristotelian schools, knowledge and its pursuit are no longer held to be ends in themselves. The Hellenistic Age was a time of transition, and the Stoic philosopher was perhaps its most influential spokesman. A new culture was in the making. The heritage of an earlier period, with Athens as its intellectual leader, was to continue, but to undergo many changes. If, as with Socrates , to know is to know oneself, rationality as the sole means by which something outside of the self might be achieved may be said to be the hallmark of Stoic belief. As a Hellenistic philosophy, Stoicism presented an ars vitae

42. Plato The next scholarch was xenocrates of chalcedon (339314) who studied demonology (Platonictheology). The third scholarch after Plato was Polemon of Athens http://www.omhros.gr/Kat/History/Txt/Cl/Plato/Plato.htm

Plato (427-347 B.C.) The great Greek philosopher Plato was most likely born in Athens to an aristocratic family, though little is known of his early life. He was a large, athletic, intelligent man, who could have succeeded in any number of callings — but he became a disciple of the great teacher, Socrates, and devoted himself chiefly to a life of the mind. He travelled widely, then sometime before 368 B.C. founded his own school, the Academy, at Athens, where he remained for the rest of his life, apart from a few visits to Syracuse. Plato's life of thought was captured in a series of dialogues, most of them spotlighting his master Socrates. Readers wishing to jump into the Dialogues would do well to begin with the Apology , in which Socrates defends himself against the charges of atheism and teaching controversial ideas to the youth of Athens. The trial, or course, ended unsuccessfully for Socrates, and he was sentenced to death. In Crito , Socrates explains his reasons for refusing to escape from prison. Phaedo contains a discussion of immortality, but ends with Socrates' execution and is one of the most moving short pieces of narrative ever written. Next, one should read the early dialogues. The main character is Socrates, and the main subject is the definition of moral concepts (e.g, temperance in

43. History Of Astronomy: Persons (X) xenocrates of chalcedon (396 BC 314 BC). Short biography and references (MacTutorHist. Math.) Very short biography. Xenophanes of Colophon (c. http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_x.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (X) Xenocrates of Chalcedon (396 BC - 314 BC) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Very short biography Xenophanes of Colophon (c. 570 BC - c. 480 BC) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Ximenes, Didacus (?-1560) Short biography and references From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913 Wolfgang R. Dick . Created: 16 Jan 1995. Latest update: 20 Feb 2002

44. The Mystery Of The Trinity-Part 5 339 bc), xenocrates of chalcedon (until ca. 314 bc), Polemon of Athens (until ca.275 bc), and Crates of Athens (until ca. 168 bc). http://www.cbcg.org/mystery_trinity5.htm

Christian Biblical Church of God Biblical Truth Ministries “ the truth shall set you free.” Order Books Oline Website Index Plato’s Successors The Older Academy Circa 347-325 B.C. “Plato’s successors in leading the Academy (par.61) are his nephew Speusippus (until ca. 339 b.c.), Xenocrates of Chalcedon (until ca. 314 b.c.), Polemon of Athens (until ca. 275 b.c.), and Crates of Athens (until ca. 168 b.c.). Relying upon Plato’s unwritten doctrines, Speusippus develops a mathematical ontology. Its principles are the One that stands beyond being and the Many that populate the beings [i.e., philosophic Monism]” (Ricken, Philosophy of the Ancients , p. 119). Sound familiar? “There is one God, and that one God is the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. They are distinct, but not separate.... Therefore, God is everything we can conceive of and more!” (Joseph W. Tkach Sr., July 27, 1993.) “The realms of being are the mathematical numbers, the mathematical shapes, the soul (World-Soul), and the perceivable bodies. They are created when the One determines and limits the Many. The One and the Many are to be seen as analogous but different principles on each level. Speusippus ordered the entire reality according to the “relation of genus and species, applying Plato’s method of collect and division (par. 96f) consistently” (Ricken, Philosophy of the Ancients

45. Greek Philosophy these were Speusippus (son of Plato s sister), who succeeded him as the headof the school (till 339 BCE), and xenocrates of chalcedon (till 314 BCE). http://www.age-of-the-sage.org/greek/greek_philosophy.html

Ancient Greece, history, Minoan Crete Sparta, Athens, Peloponessian war Home Ancient Greece - History > Greek Philosophy Site Map Slide Shows Guest Book Links ... Support Us Greek Philosophy   Our western philosophical tradition began in ancient Greece in the 6th century BCE. Philosophy was first brought into connection with practical life by Pythagoras of Samos (about 582-504 BCE), from whom it received its name: "the love of wisdom". Regarding the world as perfect harmony, dependent on number, he aimed at inducing humankind likewise to lead a harmonious life. His doctrine was adopted and extended by a large following of Pythagoreans, including Damon, especially in Lower Italy. A new period of philosophy opened with the Athenian Socrates (469-399 BCE). Socrates made the thoughts and opinions of people his starting-point; Socrates questioned people relentlessly about their beliefs. He tried to find the definitions of the virtues, such as courage and justice, by cross-examining people who professed to have knowledge of them. His method of cross-examining people, the elenchus, did not succeed in establishing what the virtues really were, however; they simply exposed the ignorance of his interlocutors.

46. Xenocrates xenocrates of chalcedon. Born xenocrates of chalcedon was a student of Platowho entered the Academy in Athens in about 376 BC. In http://202.38.126.65/mirror/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/

47. AnyWho: Internet Directory Assistance; Yellow Pages, White Pages, Toll-Free Numb Web Results MacTutor History of Mathematics xenocrates of chalcedon http//www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Xenocrates.html Biography http://www.anywho.com/cgi-bin/webdrill?catkey=gwd/Top/Society/Philosophy/Philoso

48. Quantum Connections - Internet Solutions Web Sites. Ancient Greek Scientists xenocrates of chalcedon Notes on his life andmathematical achievements. url www.tmth.edu.gr/en/aet/1/98.html. http://www.qtm.net/cgi-bin/odp/index.cgi?base=/Society/Philosophy/Philosophers/X

49. Ancient Quotes And Quoations itself. xenocrates of chalcedon 396314 BC, Greek Philosopher I have oftenrepented speaking, but never of holding my tongue. Zacharia http://www.stevenredhead.com/quotes/ancient/Vinet~Xenocrates.html

self.moveTo(0,0); self.resizeTo(900,700); E-mail to: quotes@stevenredhead.com Site Links Home Page Home Page Links Featured sites SpiritWorks MindWaves Thoughts Spirit Trials ... Animations Quote Links Home Contact Legal News Quotes from Ancient Times What the rich and famous and wise said Thoughtful and attentive world to contenplate learn from Note: Throughout history the rich, famous and wise have said things that have been recorded in the form of quote. It is the study of these quotes that give insight into life. Zoroaster BC 628?-551? , Persian Religious Leader-Founder of Zoroastrianism When you doubt, abstain. Doing good to others is not a duty, it is a joy, for it increases our own health and happiness. Be good, be kind, be humane, and charitable; love your fellows; console the afflicted; pardon those who have done you wrong. Suffer no anxiety, for he who is a sufferer of anxiety becomes regardless of enjoyment of the world and the spirit, and contraction happens to his body and soul. Citium Zeno 335?-264 B.C., Greek Philosopher Fate is the endless chain of causation, whereby things are; the reason or formula by which the world goes on.

50. Grains Of Sand: On Being Wise And Being Quiet I have often repented of speaking, said xenocrates of chalcedon, but never ofholding my tongue. Outstandingly gabby people rarely strike one as wise. http://jebin08.blogspot.com/2005/02/on-being-wise-and-being-quiet.html

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?blogID=8860714"); @import url(http://www.blogger.com/css/navbar/main.css); @import url(http://www.blogger.com/css/navbar/1.css); Notify Blogger about objectionable content. What does this mean? BlogThis! Grains of Sand Thoughts, observations and notes on a strange planet Thursday, February 03, 2005 On being wise and being quiet This is pleasant from Robin McKie If you looked for distinguishing features among those regarded as wise... two would stand out. One is experience... The other is caution with words: a ... commitment to thinking before you offer firm views. "I have often repented of speaking," said Xenocrates of Chalcedon, "but never of holding my tongue." Outstandingly gabby people rarely strike one as wise. "How can he get wisdom," asks the Book of Ecclesiasticus [sic] bitingly, "if his talk is of bullocks?". Not talking too much bollocks, or bullocks for that matter (at least relatively speaking), are Timothy Garton Ash on Davos and John Vidal on Porto Alegre respectively, both on 3 Feb Guardian comment page.

51. Genre, Historicity, Authorship, And Date Of Acts His disciples were Speiusippus of Athens, xenocrates of chalcedon, Aristotle ofStagira. . . ., and many others, among them two women, Lastheneia of http://www.christianorigins.com/acts.html

Homepage Blog Feed Navigation Articles Wanted External Links Other Blogs Online Books The Historicity of Jesus by S. J. Case Jesus the Nazarene: Myth or History? by Maurice Goguel Did Jesus Live 100 B.C.? by G. R. S. Mead More Online Books Book Reviews Habermas by Peter Kirby Theissen and Merz by Peter Kirby Doherty by Bernard Muller Akenson by Michael Turton Crossan by Michael Turton by Michael Turton Wells and Price by Michael Turton Republished Articles Smith's Secret Mark by Paul J. Achtemeier The New "Fragment of an Uncanonical Gospel" Pagan Christ or Jewish Messiah? by Laurence and Shirley Dalton The Outer Evidence as to the Gospels by G. R. S. Mead

52. Philosophy - Plato: Overview first of these were Speusippus (son of Plato s sister), who succeeded him asthe head of the school (till 339), and xenocrates of chalcedon (till 314). http://www.archaeonia.com/philosophy/plato/main.htm

PLATO (428-348 B.C.) P lato of Athens (428-348), also combined the genius of Socrates with all the principles established by earlier philosophers, in so far as they had been legitimate, and developed the whole of this material into the unity of a comprehensive system. The groundwork of Plato's scheme, though nowhere expressly stated by him, is the threefold division of philosophy into dialectic ethics , and physics ; its central point is the theory of forms or ideas . This theory is a combination of the Eleatic doctrine of the One with Heraclitus's theory of a perpetual flux and with the Socratic method of concepts . The multitude of objects of sense, being involved in perpetual change, are thereby deprived of all genuine existence. The only true being in them is founded upon the ideas, the eternal unchangeable (independent of all that is accidental, and therefore perfect) types, of which the particular objects of sense are imperfect copies . The quantity of the forms is defined by the number of universal concepts which can be derived from the particular objects of sense. The highest idea is that of the Good , which is the ultimate basis of the rest, and the first cause of being and knowledge. Apprehensions derived from the impression of sense can never give us the knowledge of true being i.e. of the forms. It can only be obtained by the

53. PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway Search/Browse Results xenocrates of chalcedon Born 396 BC in Chalcedon (now Kadiköy, near Istanbul),Bithynia (now Turkey) Died 314 BC in Athens, Greece Show birthplace http://www.psigate.ac.uk/roads/cgi-bin/search_webcatalogue2.pl?limit=100&term1=b

54. Peter Fosl's Philosophical Chronology Ecphantus of Syracuse (4th century BCE) Sphettus (fl. early 4th century BCE)xenocrates of chalcedon ( ? c 314 BCE) Demosthenes (383 - 322 BCE) http://homepages.transy.edu/~philosophy/chronology.html

TRANSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY PHILOSOPHY PROGRAM A PHILOSOPHICAL CHRONOLOGY By Peter S. Fosl Use your "find in page" command (under "Edit" in your browser) to search for particular entries or use the table below to take you to the indicated date. The Big Bang 400 BCE Homo Sapiens 300 BCE ... 500 BCE s s Big Bang postulated (15-16 billion years ago) Formation of the Earth (c 4,500,000,000 years ago) Precambrian Age (4,000,000,000 - 540,000,000 y.a., origin of life [Archeaozoic era] thought to be 4 billion y.a.) Earliest known life in fossil record (c 3,500,000,000 y.a.) Paleozoic Age (540,000,000 - 200,000,000 y.a.) (insects, chondrichthyes, amphibians, reptiles, plants except angiospermae) Mesozoic Age (200,000,000 - 60, 000,000 y.a.) (bony fish, birds, mammals, angiospermae) Dinosaurs become extinct (c 65,000,000 y.a.) Cenozoic Age begins (60,000,000 y.a.) Australopithecus (2,600,000 y.a.) Pleistocene Era (2,000,000 - 10,000 y.a., development of hominids) Appearance of homo sapiens (c 200,000 BCE) Earliest known artwork (c 29,000 BCE) (Willendorf Venus; painted blocks of La Ferrassie)

55. Wisdom 2 xenocrates of chalcedon (the original). They sicken of the calm who know the storm.Dorothy Parker. He is truly wise who gains wisdom from another s mishap. http://www.tuvy.com/entertainment/coolquotes/wisdom/wisdom_2.htm

Home About Books Authors ... Recipe Cool Quotes Collection Wisdom Hit the point once. Then come back and hit it again. Then hit it a third time a tremendous whack." Winston Churchill Ratio of Americans who die from tobacco-related illnesses each year to the number who are murdered : 17:1 September issue of Harper's Index "War is progress, peace is stagnation." Hegel A cynic is a person searching for an honest man, with a stolen lantern. Edgar A. Shoaff A fanatic is one who can't change his mind and won't change the subject. Winston Churchill An expert is one who knows more and more about less and less until he knows absolutely everything about nothing. Beware of altruism. It is based on self-deception, the root of all evil. Ayn Rand Man will occasionally stumble over the truth, but most of the time he will pick himself up and continue on. Churchill Conserve energy make love more slowly. Enjoy every minute. There's plenty of time to be dead. He who has the courage to laugh is almost as much a master of the world as he who is ready to die. Giacomo Leopardi If people are good only because they fear punishment, and hope for reward, then we are a sorry lot indeed.

56. Aristotle Philosophy Plato Alexander Science Aristotelian association with XenocratesAncient philosophers xenocrates of chalcedon ( 396 After the death of Plato ( 346 BCE), Aristotle went with Xenocrates to http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Aristotle.htm

var GLB_RIS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_RIR='/cincshared/external';var GLB_MMS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_MIR='/site/image';GLB_MML='/'; document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); A1('s',':','html'); Non User A B C ... Home First Prev [ 1 Next Last Aristotle Greek 384 BCE March 7 322 BCE ) was a Greek scientist and philosopher . Along with Plato , he is often considered to be one of the two most influential philosophers in Western thought. 1 Introduction 10:13, 26 Nov 2004 (UTC) 2 Biography Aristotle was born at Stageira , a Greek colony on the Macedonian peninsula Chalcidice in 384 BCE. His father, Nicomachus, was court physician to King Amyntas III of Macedon . It is believed that Aristotle's ancestors held this position under various kings of Macedonia. Aristotle was probably influenced by his father's medical knowledge; when he went to Athens at the age of 18, he was likely already trained in the investigation of natural phenomena. From the ages of 18 to 37 Aristotle remained in Athens as a pupil of Plato and distinguished himself at the Academe . The relations between Plato and Aristotle have formed the subject of various legends, many of which depict Aristotle unfavourably. No doubt there were divergences of opinion between Plato, who took his stand on sublime, idealistic principles, and Aristotle, who even at that time showed a preference for the investigation of the facts and laws of the physical world. It is also probable that Plato suggested that Aristotle needed restraining rather than encouragement, but not that there was an open breach of friendship. In fact, Aristotle's conduct after the death of Plato, his continued association with

57. ClementAlex xenocrates of chalcedon indicates that the planets are seven gods, and that theuniverse. composed of all these, is an eighth. Nor will I pass over those of http://www2.roanoke.edu/religion/Maclean/Relg210/ClementAlex.html

Clement of Alexandria, Exhortation the Greeks V-VI Chapter V.-The Opinions of the Philosophers Respecting God. This was also the case with Heraclitus and his followers, who worshipped fire as the first cause; for this fire others named Hephaestus. The Persian Magi, too, and many of the inhabitants of Asia, worshipped fire; and besides them, the Macedonians, as Diogenes relates in the first book of his Persica. Why specify the Sauromatae, who are said by Nymphodorus, in his Barbaric Customs, to pay sacred honours to fire? or the Persians, or the Medes, or the Magi? These, Dino tells us, sacrifice beneath the open sky, regarding fire and water as the only images of the gods. Nor have I failed to reveal their ignorance; for, however much they think to keep clear of error in one form, they slide into it in another. Chapter VI.-By Divine Inspiration Philosophers Sometimes Hit on the Truth. Why so? by Himself, I beseech you! For He can by no means be expressed. Well done, Plato! Thou hast touched on the truth. But do not flag. Undertake with me the inquiry respecting the Good. For into all men whatever, especially those who are occupied with intellectual pursuits, a certain divine effluence has been instilled; wherefore, though reluctantly, they confess that God is one, indestructible, unbegotten, and that somewhere above in the tracts of heaven, in His own peculiar appropriate eminence, whence He surveys all things, He has an existence true and eternal. "Tell me what I am to conceive God to be

58. Xenocrates - Linix Encyclopedia Xenocrates. xenocrates of chalcedon (396 314 BC) was a Greek philosopher In 339, Aristotle being then in Macedonia, Xenocrates succeeded Speusippus in http://web.linix.ca/pedia/index.php/Xenocrates

Xenocrates Xenocrates of Chalcedon 314 BC ) was a Greek philosopher and scholarch or rector of the Academy from to 314 BC Removing to Athens in early youth, he became the pupil of the Socratic Aeschines , but presently joined himself to Plato , whom he attended to Sicily in . Upon his master's death, in company with Aristotle he paid a visit to Hermias at Atarneus . In 339, Aristotle being then in Macedonia , Xenocrates succeeded Speusippus in the presidency of the school, defeating his competitors Menedemus and Heraclides Ponticus by a few votes. On three occasions he was member of an Athenian legation, once to Philip , twice to Antipater Soon after the death of Demosthenes (fl 322), resenting the Macedonian influence then dominant at Athens, Xenocrates declined the citizenship offered to him at the instance of Phocion , and, being unable to pay the tax levied upon resident aliens, was, it is said, sold, or on the point of being sold, into slavery. He died in , and was succeeded as scholarch by Polemon , whom he had reclaimed from a life of profligacy. Besides Polemon, the statesman Phocion Chaeron (tyrant of Pellene ), the Academic

59. Science In The 19th Century Periodical xenocrates of chalcedon (c. 396–c. 313 BC) DSB Search for all references tothis register entry. Xenophanes (c. 580 to 570 BC–c. http://www.sciper.org/browse/nam_x.html

Home Browse Search SciPer Index People Books Periodicals Unidentified Pseudonyms a ... w x y z Xenocrates of Chalcedon ( c c . 313 BC) DSB Xenophanes ( c c . 478 BC) DSB Xenophon ( c c . 354 BC) CBD ^^ Back to top

60. Summary Of Pythagorean Theology I: Introduction xenocrates of chalcedon (396314), a later head of Plato s Academy (339-314),explored the hierarchies of the Gods and other Divine Spirits, http://www.cs.utk.edu/~mclennan/BA/ETP/I.html

A Summary of Pythagorean Theology Part I: Introduction May Hermes, the God of Eloquence, stand by my side to aid me, and the Muses also and Apollo, the Leader of the Muses..., and may They grant that I utter only what the Gods approve that people should say and believe about Them. Julian ( Oration IV Contents History Theogony Triadic Structure History This document presents a summary and synthesis of the theology of Pythagoreanism, a spiritual tradition that has been practiced continuously, in one form or another, for at least twenty-six centuries. But first, a little history. (Note: I will refer to all of the following philosophers and theologians as Pythagoreans or Platonists, which is what they usually called themselves, for the terms "Neo-Pythagorean" and "Neo-Platonist" are modern inventions. This history is of necessity incomplete and superficial.) According to ancient Greek tradition, Pythagoras (572-497 BCE) studied with the Egyptians, Phoenicians, Chaldeans, Brahmans, and Zoroastrians, and was initiated into all their mysteries. He is supposed to have met with Zoroaster (Zarathustra), but, since scholars now believe that Zoroaster probably lived in the second millennium BCE, it is likely that the Greek tradition reflects a meeting between Pythagoras and Zoroastrian Magi. In any case, there are many traces of Zoroastrianism in Pythagorean doctrine. In particular, there are similarities between the central Duality of Pythagoreanism and the dual Gods of Zoroaster (Ahura-Mazda and Ahriman). However, there are also connections to

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