21. Alicia Boole Stott Université Montpellier II Translate this page alicia boole stott (1860-1940). Cette image et la biographie complète en anglaisrésident sur le site de l’université de St Andrews Écosse http://ens.math.univ-montp2.fr/SPIP/article.php3?id_article=1859

22. Stott Constructions Mrs alicia boole stott was þe daughter of George boole, þe inventor of booleanariþmetic. She had considerable interest in þe higher dimensions. http://www.geocities.com/os2fan2/gloss/ptstott.html

-: Stott Constructions :- Mirrors: Home Edges Dynkin Stott expansion of polytopes. Higher dimensions Stott Vectors o-o-5-o f . . 1 2f. 0. ff. 1 . 2f = 3.223068 f . . 1 ff. f. 1 ff. 1 . ff = 2.618033 f . . 1 ff. f. 1 f. f . f f = 1.618033 f . . 1 f. 1. ff f. f . f 1 = 1.000000 f . . 1 f. 1. ff 1. . ff = 0.000000 cyclic permutation and all change of sign Matrix Dot Wendy Krieger

23. E - Polygloss Þe family of lace prisms and tegums were formerly called exotics. expand*alicia boole stott described a construction of polytopes, by radially expanding a http://www.geocities.com/os2fan2/gloss/pglosse.html

-: E :- Gloss: Home Intro A B ... D E F G H I ... Z ectix A six-dimensional manifold: see hedrix ecton A six-dimensional mounted polytope: see hedron edge A line segment as a 1d surtope When edge is prefixed by a number, as in 6-edge surexon , and margin edge-uniform An equalateral vertex-uniform polytope. in common usage. edge vector Stott Vectors Edge vectors can contain negative values, such are used in drift efficiency Leech-Unit Q-Unit Implied S tegmal radians endo- endofy endocell endoanalysis An analysis of densities. out-vector endocell endoface endowall A wall bounding an endocell. equi- Being equal in measure. iso- and homo equidistant Two isocurves equilateral Having equal edges. equimarginal , is not in general circulation. equimarginal margin angles equilateral Euclidean A name in common use to refer to space of zero curvature. horo- Eutactic excess exon A mounted 6d polytope, or a 6d ' hedron depreciated in favour of ecton exix for ectix. exoskeleton periform Exotic Exotic means foreign or out-landish. lace prisms and tegums were formerly called exotics. expand contraction undoes an expand.

24. Boole, George - A Whatis.com Definition - See Also: George Boole the third daughter, alicia boole stott, became wellknown for her work in the Mary Everest boole saw herself as a mathematical psychologist . http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci525743,00.html

Search our IT-specific encyclopedia for: or jump to a topic: Choose a topic... CIO CRM Data Center Domino Enterprise Linux Enterprise Voice Exchange IBM S/390 IBM AS/400 Mobile Computing Networking Oracle SAP Security Small Medium Business SQL Server Storage Visual Basic Web Services Windows 2000 Windows Security Windows Systems Advanced Search Browse alphabetically: A B C D ... General Computing Terms George Boole George Boole (1815-1864) was a British mathematician and is known as the founder of mathematical logic. Boole, who came from a poor family and was essentially a self-taught mathematician, made his presence known in the world of mathematics in 1847 after the publication of his book, "The Mathematical Analysis of Logic". In his book, Boole successfully demonstrated that logic, as Aristotle taught it, could be represented by algebraic equations. In 1854, Boole firmly established his reputation by publishing "An Investigation of the Laws of Thought, on Which Are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities", a continuation of his earlier work. In 1855 Boole, the first professor of mathematics at The College of Cork, Ireland, married Mary Everest, who is now known as a mathematician and teacher in her own right. Mary, who was 18 years younger than Boole, served as sounding-board and editor for her husband throughout their nine years of marriage. Unfortunately, Mary's poor choice of medical treatment may have hastened Boole's death. After getting caught in the rain and catching a cold, Boole was put to bed by his wife, who dumped buckets of water on him based on the theory that whatever had caused the illness would also provide the cure. (It seemed logical to her.) George and Mary had five daughters; the third daughter, Alicia Boole Stott, became well-known for her work in the visualization of geometric figures in hyperspace.

25. Polytopes Her name was alicia boole stott. While geometers in the great universities, acentury past, were laboring upon the broad outlines of things polytopical, http://home.inreach.com/rtowle/Polytopes/polytope.html

Polygons, Polyhedra, Polytopes Polytope is the general term of the sequence, point, segment, polygon, polyhedron, ... So we learn in H.S.M. Coxeter 's wonderful Regular Polytopes (Dover, 1973). When time permits, I may try to provide a systematic approach to higher space. Dimensional analogy is an important tool, when grappling the mysteries of hypercubes and their ilk. But let's start at the beginning, and to simplify matters, and also bring the focus to bear upon the most interesting ramifications of the subject, let us concern ourselves mostly with regular polytopes. You may wish to explore my links to some rather interesting and wonderful polyhedra and polytopes sites, at the bottom of this page. Check out an animated GIF (108K) of an unusual rhombic spirallohedron. Yes, we shall be speaking of the fourth dimension, and, well, the 17th dimension, or for that matter, the millionth dimension. We refer to Euclidean spaces, which are flat, not curved, although such a space may contain curved objects (like circles, spheres, or hyperspheres, which are not polytopes). We are free to adopt various schemes to coordinatize such a space, so that we can specify any point within the space; but let us rely upon Cartesian coordinates, in which a point in an n -space is defined by an n -tuplet of real numbers. These real numbers specify distances from the origins along

26. Stott Despoja, Natasha Encyclopædia Britannica stott Despoja, Natasha Though young members of Parliament were rare in Australiaand young women alicia boole stott University of St Andrews, Scotland http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9113018&query=expire&ct=eb

27. Boole, George --  Encyclopædia Britannica alicia boole stott University of St Andrews, Scotland Biography of this Britishmathematician and daughter of George boole. Includes information on her http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9080664

28. Hands-On Math Modules leader instructions, pictures of polyhedra and applications, a picture ofalicia boole stott, and a biography about alicia boole stott. http://amanda.serenevy.net/GirlScouts/

29. Making Light: Jonathan Vos Post One welldocumented case is alicia boole stott, niece of THAT boole, who invented alicia boole stott confirmed his work she could see it was true. http://nielsenhayden.com/makinglight/archives/005278.html

Making Light Incorporating Electrolite Language, fraud, folly, truth, knitting, and growing luminous by eating light. Back to previous post: Taking your own bad advice Go to Making Light's front page. Forward to next post: Harry of Five Points May 20, 2004 Jonathan Vos Post Posted by Teresa at 07:54 AM * 45 comments A distinctive body of comments that really deserve their own thread. Welcome to Making Light's comments section. Moderator: Teresa Nielsen Hayden. Comments on Jonathan Vos Post: tnh/for JVP (view all by) May 30, 2004, 12:13 AM Jonathan Vos Post :: jvospost2@yahoo.com :: URL Posted to Open thread 23 May 21, 2004 1:41:20 AM EDT Comments: Tesseract: synonym for Hypercube. See: Eric W. Weisstein. "Hypercube." From MathWorldA Wolfram Web Resource. Read, see pretty pictures, AND maneuver and rotate a simulated tesseract with the mouse. Watch the perspective shange it in fascinating way. Might give you an aesthetic/kinesthetic appreciation of hypercube/tesseract geometry! Then click from there to: Cross Polytope, Cube, Cube-Connected Cycle, Glome, Hamiltonian Graph, Hypercube Line Picking, Hypersphere, Orthotope, Parallelepiped, Polytope, Simplex, Tesseract and other pages at Eric W. Weisstein's MathWorld... IMHO the best Math Pages on the web.

30. Making Light: Open Thread 14 alicia boole stott, niece of George boole, was educated to be able to visualize4D and 5-D at least, with special colored toy blocks. http://nielsenhayden.com/makinglight/archives/004313.html

Making Light Incorporating Electrolite Language, fraud, folly, truth, knitting, and growing luminous by eating light. Back to previous post: Christmas, 2003 Go to Making Light's front page. Forward to next post: Anya in re Santa Claus December 24, 2003 Open thread 14 Posted by Teresa at 02:37 PM * 145 comments Swift away the old year passes. Welcome to Making Light's comments section. Moderator: Teresa Nielsen Hayden. Comments on Open thread 14: Kris Hasson-Jones (view all by) December 24, 2003, 02:42 PM May good come to all. catie murphy (view all by) December 24, 2003, 02:55 PM Oh, good, I was hoping for an open thread, because I'd really like to know how people on this comment list read fiction. Last week, a friend said something about the radio drama in her head while she was reading. My husband said, "You only get a radio drama?" and she said, "Oh, no, I get pictures, too." Now, he's said this before, but I always thought he was exaggerating, so it sort of threw me, and I said, "You really see *pictures* while you're reading?" And they both insisted that yes, they did. Rather like being the camera in a movie. I don't *get* pictures in my head when I'm reading. If I think back on a scene, I can see it play out, but it doesn't play out in my head while I'm reading it.

31. 43 Femmes Mathématiciennes 217219); HSM Coxeter, alicia boole stott (18601940) (pp. 220224); Edith H.Luchins, Olga TausskyTodd (1906) (pp. 225235); Guido Weiss, http://www.mjc-andre.org/pages/amej/evenements/cong_02/part_suj/fiches/femmes.ht

43 exemples d'avant 1987 Women of mathematics. Maria Gaetana Agnesi (17181799) Nina Karlovna Bari (19011961) Ruth Aaronson Bari (1917) Dorothy Lewis Bernstein (1914) Gertrude Mary Cox (19001978) Kate Fenchel (19051983) Irmgard Flugge-Lotz (19031974) Hilda Geiringer von Mises (18931973) Sophie Germain (17761831) (pp. 4756) Evelyn Boyd Granville (1924) (pp. 5761) Ellen Amanda Hayes (18511930) Grace Brewster Murray Hopper (1906) Ian Mueller, Hypatia (370?415) Sofja Aleksandrovna Janovskaja (18961966) Carol Karp (19261972) Claribel Kendall (18891965) Pelageya Yakovlevna Polubarinova-Kochina (1899) Sofia Vasilevna Kovalevskaia (18501891) Edna Ernestine Kramer Lassar (19021984) Christine Ladd-Franklin (18471930) Augusta Ada Lovelace (18151852) Sheila Scott Macintyre (19101960) Ada Isabel Maddison (18691950) Helen Abbot Merrill (18641949) Cathleen Synge Morawetz (1923) Hanna Neumann (19141971) Mary Frances Winston Newson (18691959) Emmy Noether (18821935) Rozsa Peter (19051977) Mina Rees (1902) Julia Bowman Robinson (19191985) Charlotte Angas Scott (18581931) Mary Emily Sinclair (18781955) Mary Fairfax Greig Somerville (17801872) Pauline Sperry (18851967) Alicia Boole Stott (18601940) Olga Taussky-Todd (1906) Mary Catherine Bishop Weiss (19301966) Anna Johnson Pell Wheeler (18831966) Grace Chisholm Young (18681944) This book includes essays on 43 women mathematicians, each essay consisting of a biographical sketch, a review/assessment of her work, and a bibliography which usually lists most of her mathematical works, a few works about her, and occasionally a few other references. The essays are arranged alphabetically by the women's best-known professional names. A better arrangement would have been by the periods within which the women worked; an approximation to that can be achieved by using the list in Appendix A of the included women ordered by birthdate. With its many appendices and its two good indexes, the bibliographic structure of this book is excellent. This together with its reviews of the work of many less-known women mathematicians makes it a valuable contribution to the history of mathematics.

32. Regular Convex Polytopes A Short Historical Overview, Regular Polytopes And N-di Although many polytopes had originally been discovered by alicia boole stott andEnglish lawyer/recreational mathematician Thorold Gosset (18691962), http://presh.com/hovinga/regularandsemiregularconvexpolytopesashorthistoricalove

Regular and semi-regular convex polytopes a short historical overview: Dating back from about 500 BC and most likely much earlier a lot of research on the properties of regular polytopes has been carried out. For those who are unfamiliar with this topic an outline of major discoveries is given below in chronological order: Phytagoras born about 569 BC in Samos, Ionia Greece, died about 475 BC. Although early findings acknowledged by mathematicians and historians date back before the time of Phytagoras like the Babylonians who were aquainted with the famous Pythagoras's theorem c^2=a^2+b^2 as early as 3750 BC, this was not discoverd until 1962. Some of the first basic geometric theorems are credited to Phytagoras. Phytagoras is often called the first pure mathematician; he founded a school "the semicircle" and many pupils elaborated on his findings and thoughts. Besides his famous theorem some basic polygon theorems are credited to Phytagoras and his pupils: A polygon with n sides has sum of interior angles 2*n - 4 right angles (90 degrees) and sum of exterior angles equal to four right angles (360 degrees). This was later described in more detail by Euclid.

33. Creating Solid Networks 15 alicia boole stott, Geometrical deduction of semiregular from regularpolytopes and space fillings, Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van http://arpam.free.fr/hart.htm

SOLID-SEGMENT SCULPTURES George W. Hart Abstract Several sculptures and designs illustrate an algorithmic technique for creating solid three-dimensional structures from an arrangement of line segments in space. Given a set of line segments, specified as a position in 3-dimensional space for each endpoint, a novel algorithm creates a volume-enclosing solid model of the segments. In this solid model, a prismatoid-like strut represents each segment. The method is very efficient with polygons and produces attractive lucid models in which the sides of the "prismatoids" are oriented in directions relevant to the structure. The algorithm is applicable to a wide range of structures to be realized by 3D printing techniques. 1. Sculpture by 3D Printing As an artist of constructive geometric sculpture, I often visualize forms and then need to develop new techniques which enable me to create them. [5-10] This paper describes a new method for creating geometric structures which correspond to a given arrangement of line segments. The procedure is an essential step in my design of several recent sculptures. Figure 1 shows a 10 cm diameter sculpture titled Deep Structure , consisting of five nested concentric orbs. Each of the five has the same structure as the outer, most visible, orb: there are 30 large 12-sided oval openings, 12 smaller 10-sided openings, 80 irregular hexagonal openings, and 120 small rectangular openings. Oval "corkscrew spirals" in the 12-sided openings connect the layers with each other. The concept is based on familiar concentric ivory spheres which are traditionally turned on a lathe and hand carved, with holes in each layer providing access to the inner layers. However, Figure 1 is created in plaster by an automated 3D printing process, without any human hand. After I design such a sculpture as a computer file, it is fabricated in a machine which scinters, laminates, or solidifies thousands of very thin layers. [2] This piece and the next were printed by Zcorp [16].

34. Outreach Links - Hamilton Mathematics Institute - Trinity College Dublin alicia boole stott who worked on regular solids in four dimensions. George Salmonworked on what is now called algebraic geometry, he did important http://www.hamilton.tcd.ie/outreach/irishmathematicians.php

Home About HMI HMI Events Contact ... Q and A IRISH MATHEMATICIANS The MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive contains biographies of many mathematicians who were Irish or had links with Ireland. Robert Adrain left Ireland after taking part in the rebellion of 1798 and played an important part in the development of mathematics research and education in the USA. Kathleen McNulty Mauchly Antonelli pioneered automated numerical calculation. John Stewart Bell , Bell's theorem pins down just what is peculiar about quantum mechanics. George Berkeley , an important philosopher, is perhaps best remembered for worrying what happened to a tree when no-one was there to see it. He commented on the logical foundations of Newton's calculus. Robert Boyle of Boyle's Law fame espoused the scientific method and the existence of a vacuum. George Boole began the algebra of logic called Boolean algebra, he also worked on differential equations and on probability. Thomas John l'Anson Bromwich described by Hardy as ".. best pure mathematician among the applied mathematicians at Cambridge, and the best applied mathematician among the pure mathematicians." was Professor of Mathematics in Galway between 1902 and 1907.

35. Places Of Interest In Cork City. alicia boole stott (1860 1940) mathematician Sir Walter Scott was presentedwith the freedom of Cork in 1825 The city and neighbourhood is to a great http://www.bluedolphin.ie/links/cork_places_interest.html

Blue Dolphin House, Western Road, Cork City Tel: +353 21 4274908 e-mail: info@bluedolphin.ie (webspace) http://www.bluedolphin.ie Places of Interest in Cork City University College Cork (UCC). - One of the Queen's Colleges opened in 1849 by Queen Victoria. It is charmingly situated on a hill overlooking the valley of the Lee, on the site of the ancient Gill Abbey, founded in the 7th century. Lewis Glucksman Gallery - The Lewis Glucksman Gallery is a landmark building that includes display spaces, lecture facilities, a riverside restaurant and gallery shop. St Fin Barre's Cathedral (C of I) - Cork's gem of architecture - dedicated to the founder and patron saint of the City of Cork. Standing where St. Fin barre originally built his church in the 7th century. Nano Nagle's Grave - Foundress of the Sisters of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Cork Public Museum (Cork City Museum) The Museum has a variety of exhibits of general interest. Ogham Stones collection of prehistoric memorial standing stones.

36. This Is A DRAFT. Please Do Not Quote. 31 alicia boole stott, Geometrical deduction of semiregular from regularpolytopes and space fillings, Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van http://www.georgehart.com/hyperspace/hart-120-cell.html

This is a DRAFT, last modified May 3, 2002 forthe journal Hyperspace Please do not quote. Email me with comments and suggestions 4D Polytope Projection Models by 3D Printing George W. Hart Department of Computer Science State University of New York at Stony Brook george@georgehart.com http://www.georgehart.com/ Abstract The author's experience using "3D printing" technology for producing physical models of four-dimensional objects such as the 120-cell is summarized. For background and comparison, previous mathematical models of the 120-cell are reviewed first. 1. Introduction Three-dimensional projections of four-dimensional polytopes are valuable for teaching and self-education about higher-dimensional geometry. Experience shows that physical models—real 3D objects—are especially useful for developing intuition and understanding about 4D polytopes. A variety of physical modeling techniques are possible, with three popular materials being paper (or cardboard), wire (or wire and string), and Zometool (a plastic construction set). This paper illustrates a new 3D-printing technique that I expect will supplant these traditional materials for a wide range of mathematical modeling applications. 3D-printing allows the creation of models that are very compact, intricate, accurate, and portable. This state-of-the-art technology involves the automated (robotic) assembly of physical models by assembling very thin cross-sections calculated from the designer's computer file describing the structure to be built. This new technology will have applications in the creation of all types of educational 3D models, e.g., polyhedra, topological or algebraic surfaces, molecular models, crystal structures, anatomical models, etc. However, this paper focuses on geometric models related to the 120-cell, and its family of truncations and expansions. This example is featured because the author considers it one of the most beautiful geometric objects—yet it is not widely enough known, in part because of the lack of models.

37. Zonish Polyhedra As a consequence they are also equivalent to alicia boole stott s method 2 4of expansion of the seed polyhedron (or their dual rhombic polyhedra). http://www.georgehart.com/zonish/zonish.html

The following is a webified version of: George W. Hart, "Zonish Polyhedra," Proceedings of Mathematics and Design '98 San Sebastian, Spain, June 1-4, 1998, p. 653. ZONISH POLYHEDRA George W. Hart A previously unexamined class of geometric forms is presented which provides a rich storehouse of interesting designs and structures, e.g., for sculpture. They can be called "zonish polyhedra" because they have "zones" and include zonohedra as a special case, but generally are not zonohedra. A zonish polyhedron is the Minkowski sum of a "seed" polyhedron and a set of line segments. Unlike zonohedra, these polyhedra may be chiral and may have faces with an odd number of sides, e.g., triangles and pentagons. 1. Introduction This paper presents a class of polyhedra which I do not believe has been examined before. They provide a rich source of interesting designs and structures, and are relatively easy to construct or to generate by a simple algorithm. For lack of a better term, my working name is "zonish" because these have zones, and include zonohedra as a special case, but generally are not zonohedra. Suggestions for a better term are welcome. Fig. 1a. Zonish polyhedron based on icosidodecahedron, with six zones.

38. Cubes Another pioneer in the study of higher dimensions was alicia boole stott A picture of alicia boole stott. stott showed that there were 6 regular http://www.ams.org/featurecolumn/archive/cubes2.html

Cubes Feature Column Archive 2. Some history The origins of n -dimensional geometry have many roots. One stimulus to the development of n -dimensional geometry was the general ferment that resulted from the realization that Euclid's 5th postulate was independent of his other postulates. As unintuitive as the possibility initially seemed, there was a plane geometry which stood on an equal mathematical basis to Euclidean geometry and in which given a point P not on a line l , there were infinitely many lines through P parallel to l . The attention that the geometry developed by Janos Bolyai and Nicholai Lobachevsky fostered resulted in many attempts to put geometry into a broader context. Geometry did not end with the tradition handed down via Euclid's Elements and the analytical geometrical ideas that algebratized what Euclid had done. There appears to be some consensus that it was Arthur Cayley (1821-1895), a British mathematician who earned a living by being a lawyer, who first called attention to the need for a systematic study of the properties of geometry in n dimensions. Cayley did this work partly in connection with his efforts to understand the relationships between Euclidean ideas and projective geometry.

39. Four Dimensional Figures Page Thorold Gosset, and alicia boole stott—independently and in virtual isolation . EL Elte, and alicia boole stott, and systematized by HSM Coxeter. http://members.aol.com/Polycell/uniform.html

Uniform Polytopes in Four Dimensions i.e. , Platonic and Archimedean) polychora (that is, four-dimensional polytopes Uniform Polytopes is published by Cambridge University Press, it remains the only place in the world where you can find this information! WARNING You should be fairly well acquainted with the convex uniform polyhedra and their symmetry groups, and somewhat well acquainted with the six convex regular polytopes in four-dimensional space and their or my dinosaur-publications website at Just added November 22, 2004: A website where you can view and even purchase beautiful prints of interesting polychora nets. Go to Nuts About Nets! On May 11, 2002, I added to this website a fairly large Web page (beware: it may take some time to download), a Multidimensional Glossary Above: A three-dimensional section through the Great Prismosaurus [Regarding Jonathan Bowers, from December 12, 1999 through January 2, 2000 I added his alternative names for the convex uniform polychora to the tables. See the Nomenclature section for details. Jonathan now has a

40. SVSU In the 1930’s, now over 70, alicia boole stott worked on geometric problems ofarranging No.880 alicia boole stott. Engines of Our Ingenuity. 2000. http://www.svsu.edu/writingprogram/femmes/braun-rick-01.htm

Femmes des Maths Issue 8, Volume 1 20 August 2000 Hypatia- Math Martyr TheanoMore Than Pythagoras' Wife The First Female Ph.D Profile: Sophie Germain ... What's Happening NOW in the Math World... Hypatia - Math Martyr Top There is little information on Hypatia, but what is known of this ancient mathematician certainly indicates that she was greatly regarded as a teacher and a scholar. The oldest accounts of Hypatia are in the Suda , a 10th-century encyclopedia alphabetically arranged and drawing on earlier sources. Other facts also come from the writings of the early Christian church, preserved letters from one of her pupils, Synesius, and the Latin compilation known as the Patrologiae Graecae Hypatia, born around 370 A.D., was the daughter of Theon, who was considered one of the most educated mathematicians and philosophers in Alexandria, Egypt. Theon, a well-known scholar and mathematics professor at the University of Alexandria, surrounded Hypatia with an environment of knowledge. It is said that Theon disciplined Hypatia not only in her education, but with a "physical routine that ensured a healthy body as well as a highly-functional mind" (3). There is evidence that Hypatia was regarded as physically beautiful and wore distinctive academic apparel.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 2     21-40 of 96    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20