61. Agnes Pockels & Lord Rayleigh Contributions of 20th CenturyWomen to Physics Historical archive of profiles of20th century women who havemade original and important contributions to http://cwp.library.ucla.edu/articles/pockels/pockels.html

Nature, March 12 1891 Surface Tension I shall be obliged if you can find space for the accompanying translation of an interesting letter which I have received from a German lady, who with very homely appliances has arrived at valuable results respecting the behaviour of contaminated water surfaces. The earlier part of Miss Pockel's letter cover nearly the same ground as some of my own recent work, and in the main harmonize with it. The later sections seem to me very suggestive, raising, if they do not fully answer, many important questions. I hope soon to find opportunity for repeating some of Miss Pockels' experiments. - RAYLEIGH, March 2. Brunswick, January 10. My lord, Will you kindly excuse my venturing to trouble you with a German letter on a scientific subject? Having heard of the fruitful researches carried on by you last year on the hitherto little understood properties of water surfaces, I thought it might interest you to know of my own observations on the subject. For various reason I am not in a position to publish them in scientific periodicals, and I therefore adopt this means of communicating to you the most important of them. First, I will describe a simple method, which I have employed for several years, for increasing or diminishing the surface of a liquid in any proportion, by which its purity may be altered at pleasure.

62. John William Strutt 3rd Baron Rayleigh November Physics Essex He also discovered the phenomenon now called rayleigh scattering. lord PeterWimseylord Peter Death Bredon Wimsey is a fictional character in a series http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Lord:Rayleigh.htm

var GLB_RIS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_RIR='/cincshared/external';var GLB_MMS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_MIR='/site/image';GLB_MML='/'; document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); A1('s',':','html'); Non User A B C ... Home John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh November 12 June 30 ) was a British physicist who (with William Ramsay ) discovered the element argon , an achievement that earned him the Nobel Prize for Physics in . He also discovered the phenomenon now called Rayleigh scattering Strutt was born in Langford Grove, Essex on November 12 . In his early years he suffered frailty and poor health. He began studying mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge in and graduated in . He was subsequently elected to a Fellowship of Trinity College. He held the post until his marriage to Evelyn Balfour in Events January January 18 The member-states of the North German Confederation unite into a single nation-state known as the German Empire. The King of Prussia is declared the first German Emperor as Wilhelm I of Germany. January 28 France surrenders to en In Events The United Kingdom declares war against Ghana's King Kofi KariKari, who was involved in the trading of slaves. The war ended by July and the British established the Gold Coast Colony. January 17 Indian Wars: First Battle of the Stronghold during th

63. RAYLEIGH - BENARD CONVECTION But lord rayleigh, according to Chandrashekar, had said the last words of manysubjects and This was, characteristically, explained by lord rayleigh. http://engr.smu.edu/~arunn/html/convect/rbconvect/rbcon.html

Rayleigh - Bénard Convection Arunn Narasimhan arunn@engr.smu.edu Laboratory for Porous Materials Applications Mechanical Engineering Department Southern Methodist University Dallas, TX - 75275 0337, USA Nature of the Problem Early Theories Rayleigh's Theory Buoyancy, Viscosity, Thermal diffusivity ... References Last update : THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM The most fascinating thing about convection is that even the simplest system undergoing convective motion cannot yet be given an exact analytical mathematical description. The partial differential equation(s) that describe the convective flow analytically have been studied for the past 200 years- with rewarding results - but the exact analytical solutions of these are yet to be found ! The nature of the theoretical difficulties can be understood well if we realize that even a simple system undergoing convective energy interaction requires a complete knowledge of the Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer involved in the process. A fluid layer heated from below, a supposedly simple system of convective interaction, experiences forces, that drive the convective flow, resulting from the buoyancy of the heated layer the magnitude of such forces depending on the temperature difference prevailing between the top and bottom portion of the fluid layer. The complexity is enhanced further by the fact that the temperature distribution is affected to a large extent by the convective flow itself, which carries heat from the bottom to the relatively colder top portion of the fluid. In other words the driving force which causes the flow itself is driven to modifications by the flow !

64. Science Central - The Theory Of Sound, Chapter 1 - Lord Rayleigh Internet version of Chapter 1 of The Theory of Sound by lord rayleigh (publishedin 1877). Chapter 1 is an introduction to acoustics which reveals http://www.sciencecentral.com/site/421386/

Wednesday, 7 September, 2005 Home Submit Science Site Set as Homepage Add to Favorite ... Contact search for Directories Agriculture Anomalies and Alternative Science Astronomy Biology ... Technology Category: Science Technology Acoustics, Ultrasound and Vibration UPDATE URL ... REPORT BROKEN LINK The Theory of Sound, Chapter 1 - Lord Rayleigh Populatiry: Details document.write(''); Internet version of Chapter 1 of The Theory of Sound by Lord Rayleigh (published in 1877). Chapter 1 is an introduction to acoustics which reveals Rayleigh's strong interest in musical acoustics and the Helmholtz resonator. One or two slight errors are apparent and there are minor inaccuracies in the table of musical note frequencies. URL Title The Theory of Sound, Chapter 1 - Lord Rayleigh Description Category: Traffic Analysis document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); Related sites Virtual Library for Acoustics and Vibration (Populatiry: ): Good set of links to other sites. Acoustics Careers and Research Areas (Populatiry: ): The field of acoustics, because it is so diverse, offers ...

65. Rayleigh Strutt - New And Used Books John William Strutt lord rayleigh, a true Renaissance Man, produced more than rayleigh, lord John William Strutt, Third Baron rayleigh The Theory of http://www.isbn.pl/A-rayleigh-strutt/

RAYLEIGH STRUTT - all books, old, new and used Language: English Deutsch Fran§ais Top searches: Reeve Tim M Jaoudi George P D Estaing ... ISBN Rayleigh Strutt - new and used books Keyword: Author: Title: ISBN: Book location: UK Ireland Germany France USA Canada Results: 1-20 of 46 Strutt, Robert John, Fourth Baron of Rayleigh Life of John William Strutt, Third Baron of Rayleigh. Augmented Ed. [Strutt, John William] Strutt, Robert John, Fourth Baron of Rayleigh. Life of John William Strutt, Third Baron of Rayleigh. An augmented edition with annotations by the author and foreword by John N. Howard. The University of Wisconsin Press, 1968. Hardcover. 439pp. X-Library with usual marks, else VG condition. Strutt, Robert John, Fourth Baron of Rayleigh - Life of John William Strutt, Third Baron of Rayleigh. Augmented Ed. Price: US$ 25.00 More results for query: rayleigh strutt from Strutt Rayleigh Theory of Sound ISBN: Strutt Rayleigh - Theory of Sound Dover Publications (ISBN: 0486602931) Price: USD 15.37

66. MSN Encarta - Rayleigh, John William Strutt, Lord Translate this page Médias. John WS rayleigh. Encarta vous intéresse ? Plus de résultats pourrayleigh, John William Strutt, lord. Autres fonctionnalités Encarta http://fr.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761556426/Rayleigh_John_William_Strutt_lo

Accueil MSN Mon MSN Hotmail Rechercher ... Tout savoir sur la gamme Encarta Rechercher sur Encarta Article accessible sur abonnement MSN Encarta Premium : Acc©dez   30 000 articles encyclop©diques avec plus de 12 000 illustrations, un atlas mondial interactif, un guide du Web et une palette compl¨te de ressources et d'outils ©ducatifs. 34,99 € par an (service d’acc¨s   Internet non compris). En savoir plus. Cet article n'est accessible que si vous ªtes abonn©   MSN Encarta Premium. Dans ce cas, connectez-vous en cliquant sur le lien Aller sur MSN Encarta Premium (ci-dessus). Rayleigh, John William Strutt, lord Rayleigh, John William Strutt, lord (1842-1919), math©maticien et physicien de nationalit© anglaise, laur©at du prix Nobel, connu pour sa recherche... M©dias Encarta vous int©resse ? Abonnez-vous d¨s maintenant et b©n©ficiez de : Plus de 30 000 articles 2 000 analyses d'oeuvre Plus de 12 000 m©dias (dont des extraits sonores, des vid©os et des m©dias interactifs) Un atlas mondial interactif Une palette compl¨te de ressources et d'outils ©ducatifs Un guide du Web Plus de r©sultats pour Rayleigh, John William Strutt, lord

67. MSN Encarta - Résultats De La Recherche - Rayleigh John William Strutt Lord rayleigh ( The Nobel Foundation) John WS rayleigh Obtenez plus de résultats pour rayleigh John William Strutt lord http://fr.encarta.msn.com/Rayleigh_John_William_Strutt_lord.html

fdbkURL="/encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=Rayleigh+John+William+Strutt+lord#bottom"; errmsg1="Please select a rating."; errmsg2="Please select a reason for your rating."; Accueil MSN Mon MSN Hotmail Rechercher ... Tout savoir sur la gamme Encarta Rechercher sur Encarta R©serv© aux abonn©s MSN Encarta Premium. R©sultats de la recherche Encarta pour ' Rayleigh John William Strutt lord' Articles Rayleigh, John William Strutt, lord Rayleigh, John William Strutt, lord (1842-1919), math©maticien et physicien de nationalit© anglaise, laur©at du prix Nobel, connu pour sa recherche... ... La classification p©riodique a connu deux am©liorations principales depuis sa formulation originale par Mendele¯ev et Meyer. La premi¨re modification... Afficher tous les r©sultats dans le contenu Articles (250) M©dias Lord William Beveridge John W. S. Rayleigh Gainsborough, ... John Galsworthy Afficher tous les r©sultats dans le contenu M©dias (164) Cartes Fort William Saint John’s MSN Encarta Premium ... 47 r©sultats sur MSN Encarta 416 r©sultats sur MSN Encarta Premium Cliquez ici pour vous abonner !

68. Historical Papers lord rayleigh the Last of the Great Victorian Polymaths lord rayleighwas to carry out fundamental research into optics, elastodynamics, http://www.marconi.com/Home/about_us/Our History/Publications Archive/Historical

Global Connections Select a connection Marconi Australia Marconi Brazil Marconi Canada Marconi China Marconi Federal Marconi Germany Marconi Italy Marconi Mexico Marconi Middle East Search Home About Us Our History Publications Archive ... Historical Papers Historical Papers Historical Papers Published in GEC Review If you have any queries concerning these papers please contact us 'Marconi - 50 Years on' 'The Changing World of Avionics' 'The Marconi Archives' ... 'Marconi - 50 Years on' , G.D. Speake vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 165-170, 1987. Marconi, the 'father of wireless', and founder in 1897 of the first wireless company in the world, which bore his name, died in 1937. In the same year, the Board of Marconi's company decided to build a research laboratory at Great Baddow: this is now the GEC-Marconi Research Centre. This paper considers some of the current areas of study, and draws parallels between them and the work done by Marconi and his associates during his lifetime. 'The Changing World of Avionics' , G.M. Barling vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 3-14, 1990.

69. Rayleigh John William Strutt lord rayleigh In 1873 he succeeded to the title of Baronrayleigh. From 1879 to 84 he was the second Cavendish professor of http://physics.rug.ac.be/Fysica/Geschiedenis/Mathematicians/Rayleigh.html

John William Strutt Lord Rayleigh Born: 12 Nov 1842 in Langford Grove (near Maldon), Essex, England Died: 30 June 1919 in Terling Place, Witham, Essex, England John Strutt suffered from poor health and his schooling at Eton and Harrow was disrupted and for four years he had a private tutor. He entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1861, graduating in 1864. His first paper in 1865 was on Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. He worked on propogation of sound and, while on an excursion to Egypt taken for health reasons, Strutt wrote Treatise on Sound (1870-1). In 1879 he wrote a paper on travelling waves, this theory has now developed into the theory of solitons. His theory of scattering (1871) was the first correct explanation of why the sky is blue. In 1873 he succeeded to the title of Baron Rayleigh. From 1879 to 84 he was the second Cavendish professor of experimental physics at Cambridge succeeding Maxwell. Then in 1884 he became secretary of the Royal Society. Rayleigh discovered the inert gas argon in 1895, work which earned him a Nobel Prize, in 1904. He was awarded the De Morgan Medal of the London Mathematical Society in 1890 and was president of the Royal Society between 1905 and 1908. He became chancellor of Cambridge University in 1908.

70. Educational Outreach lord rayleigh was born on November 12, 1842 at Langford Grove, Maldon, Essex . lord rayleigh was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 1904, http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/resources/nobel/rayleigh.php

Educational Outreach At the Cavendish laboratory Department of Physics Home Outreach Diary Physics Skills Days ... cambridgephysics.com Lord Rayleigh: Nobel Prize in Physics 1904 pdf Lord Rayleigh Lord Rayleigh was born on November 12, 1842 at Langford Grove, Maldon, Essex. Throughout his infancy and youth he was of frail physique; his education was repeatedly interrupted by ill-health. In 1861 he entered Trinity College , Cambridge, where he studied mathematics. With his exceptional abilities, he graduated in the Mathematical Tripos in 1865 as the top First Class student. In 1866 he obtained a fellowship at Trinity College which he held until 1871, the year of his marriage. In 1873, his father died and he succeeded to the barony. However, in 1876 he left the entire estate management to his younger brother. From then on he devoted all his time to science. In 1879 he succeeded James Clark Maxell as Professor of Experimental Physics and Head of the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge. At first he researched optics and vibrations, both of which are rather mathematical topics. Later, he considered physics as a field of work in itself and investigated wave theory, light scattering, electrodynamics, hydrodynamics, viscosity and photography. His careful, precise work led to the establishment of standards for resistance, current and electromotive force. This attracted many bright students and the number of research students at the Cavendish Laboratory increased from six to seventy under his leadership. Lord Rayleigh was also famous for his Theory of Sound, which was published in two volumes during 1877-1878.

71. Referências rayleigh, lord. The life of Sir JJ Thomson. Cambridge, 1942. rayleigh, lord.The life of Sir JJ Thomson. Dawsons, London, 1969. http://www.ufpel.tche.br/ifm/histfis/refer_t.htm

[Vida] [Época] [Obra] [Impacto] ... [Bibliografia] Referência Bibliográfica ANDERSON, D. L. The discovery of the electron . Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1964. ANDERSON, D. L. Resource Letter on the electronic charge and Avogadro’s number . Am. J. Phys., 2-8. BOHR, N. Física atômica e conhecimento humano . Editora Contraponto, Rio de Janeiro, 1995. CHAYUT, M. J. J. Thomson: The Discovery of the Electron and the Chemists . Annals of science 48, 527-544 (1991). DARROW, K. K. Electron physics in America . Phys. Today 23-27, August 1956. DeKOSKY, R. K. William Crookes and the Quest for Absolute Vacuum in the 1870s . Annals of Science 40, 1-18 (1983). DEVONS, S. The body electric . The Sciences, 26-31, March/April 1997. EISBERG, R. M. Fundamentos da Física Moderna . Guanabara Dois, Rio de Janeiro, 1979. FALCONER, I. Corpuscles, Electrons and Cathode Rays: J. J. Thomson and the "Discovery of the Electron" . Brit. J. Hist. Sciences 20, 241-276 (1986). FEFFER, S. M. et SCHSTER, A. J. J. Thomson, and the discovery of the electron . Hist. Stud. Phys. Biol. Sci. 20, 33-61 (1989).

72. Microlithography World - The Lithography Expert: The Rayleigh Depth Of Focus Describing the imaging capabilities of telescopes, lord rayleigh developed At the time of lord rayleigh, lens numerical apertures were relatively small. http://sst.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=ARCHI&Subsection=Dis

73. What Is Seismology And What Are Seismic Waves? wave is the rayleigh wave, named for John William Strutt, lord rayleigh, Most of the shaking felt from an earthquake is due to the rayleigh wave, http://www.geo.mtu.edu/UPSeis/waves.html

What Is Seismology? Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves that move through and around the earth. A seismologist is a scientist who studies earthquakes and seismic waves. What Are Seismic Waves? Seismic waves are the waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within the earth or an explosion. They are the energy that travels through the earth and is recorded on seismographs. Types of Seismic Waves There are several different kinds of seismic waves, and they all move in different ways. The two main types of waves are body waves and surface waves . Body waves can travel through the earth's inner layers, but surface waves can only move along the surface of the planet like ripples on water. Earthquakes radiate seismic energy as both body and surface waves. Body Waves P Waves The first kind of body wave is the P wave or primary wave . This is the fastest kind of seismic wave. The P wave can move through solid rock and fluids, like water or the liquid layers of the earth. It pushes and pulls the rock it moves through just like sound waves push and pull the air. Have you ever heard a big clap of thunder and heard the windows rattle at the same time? The windows rattle because the sound waves were pushing and pulling on the window glass much like P waves push and pull on rock. Sometimes animals can hear the P waves of an earthquake. Usually we only feel the bump and rattle of these waves. The arrow shows the direction that the wave is moving.

74. 9/11/03 ECE Seminar - "From Lord Rayleigh To Shannon: How Do Humans Decode Speec 9/11/03 ECE Seminar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at theUniversity of Illinois - Scalable congestion management mechanisms for a http://www.ece.uiuc.edu/seminar/03-04/oct09-03-abstract.html

skip navigation Back to: Current ECE Seminar Calendar ECE Seminar Abstract October 9, 2003 From Lord Rayleigh to Shannon: How do humans decode speech? Professor Jont B. Allen Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign In 1908 Lord Rayleigh reported on his speech perception studies using the "acousticon" (a commercial sound system produced in 1905), demonstrating that he was well aware of the importance of the bandwidth and blind speech testing in speech perception. It was the development of the telephone that both allowed and pushed mathematicians and physicists to develop the science of speech perception. Critical to this development was probability theory. One of their main tools was the confusion matrix which estimates the probability of hearing phoneme Pi when speaking phoneme Pj. The next breakthroughs were provided by George Miller and his colleagues at the Harvard Acoustics Lab during and following WWII. Miller used concepts from information theory, developed at Bell Labs by Claude Shannon, to quantify speech entropy. While these studies provide key insight into speech perception, they do not take the final elusive step that would allow us to build robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) machines. Regardless of what you read in the popular press, ASR is still an unsolved problem. I will attempt to pass along some wisdom I have learned over the years on what we now know about human speech recognition (HSR). It is hoped that by learning more about HSR we might make ASR robust to noise and filtering. Today ASR is based on language models which have not, and can not, give ASR the basic robustness to noise and filtering found in HSR.

75. Rev. Mod. Phys. 71, S374 (1999): De Gennes - Granular Matter: A Tentative... rayleigh, lord (John William Strutt) 1906, Philos. Mag. 36, 129 dot INSPEC.rayleigh, lord (John William Strutt) 1906, Philos. Mag. 36, 206. http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.71.S374

Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. A Phys. Rev. B Phys. Rev. C Phys. Rev. D Phys. Rev. E Phys. Rev. ST AB Phys. Rev. ST AB Rev. Mod. Phys. Phys. Rev. (Series I) Phys. Rev. Volume: Page/Article: MyArticles: View Collection Help (Click on the to add an article.) Previous article Next article Issue 2 contents View PDF (180 kB) or Buy this Article Granular matter: a tentative view P. G. de Gennes Granular matter describes large collections of small grains, under conditions in which the Brownian motion of the grains is negligible (sizes d URL: http://link.aps.org/abstract/RMP/v71/pS374 DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.71.S374 PACS: 83.70.Fn, 05.40.-a, 83.70.Fn, 05.40.-a View PDF (180 kB) or Buy this Article Previous article Next article Issue 2 contents ... [Show References] Requires Subscription [Show Articles Citing This One] Requires Subscription Previous article Next article Issue 2 contents APS ... Search E-mail: prola@aps.org

76. Electrostatic Droplet Generationby Viktor A rayleigh, lord (1882) Phil. Mag., 14, 184. Watanabe, W., Matsuyama, T., Yamamoto, rayleigh, lord (1945) In The Theory of Sound, Vol. http://www.genialab.de/WG3/lit-electrostatic.htm

Electrostatic Droplet Generation by Viktor A. Nedovic JOURNALS Nedovic, V.A., Obradovic, B., Leskosek-Cukalovic, I., Trifunovic, O., Pesic, R., Bugarski, B. (2001) Electrostatic generation of alginate microbeads loaded with brewing yeast, Process Biochemistry, (in press) Pjanovic, R., Goosen, M.F.A., Nedovic, V., Bugarski, B. (2000) Immobilization/encapsulation of cells using electrostatic droplet generation: experiments and theory, Minerva Biotecnologica, (in press) Poncelet, D., Babak, V.G. , Neufeld, R.J., Goosen, M.F.A., Bugarski, B. (1999) Theory of electrostatic dispersion of polymer solutions in the production of microgel beads containing biocatalyst, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 79, 213-228 Poncelet, D., Neufeld, R.J., Goosen, M.F.A., Bugarski, B., Babak, V. (1999) Formation of microgel beads by electrostatic dispersion of polymer solutions, AIChE Journal, 45(9), 2018-2023 Gåserød, O., Sannes, A., Skjåk-Bræk, G. (1999) Microcapsules of alginate-chitosan - II A study of capsule stability and permeability, Biomaterials, 20, 773-783 Gåserød, O., Smidsrød, O., Skjåk-Bræk, G. (1998) Microcapsules of alginate-chitosan - I A quantitative study of the interaction between alginate and chitosan, Biomaterials, 19, 1815-1825

77. A Letter From Lord Rayleigh To J. Willard Gibbs And His Reply A Letter from lord rayleigh to J. Willard Gibbs and His Reply. Edwin B. Wilson.Harvard School of Public Health. Full text http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1078745

78. Report From The Select Committee Of The House Of Lords On The Electric Lighting Personal author, Cowper, Earl; Ashford, lord; Balfour of Burleigh, lord; rayleigh,lord; Wigan, lord; Methuen, lord; Houghton, lord; Wolverton, lord; http://www.bopcris.ac.uk/bopall/ref4732.html

Search: Advanced search Help Change text size: A A A Home ... Full title: Report from the Select Committee of the House of Lords on the Electric Lighting Act (1882) Amendment (No.1) Bill [H.L.]; the Electric Lighting Act (1882) Amendment (No.2) Bill [H.L.]; Electric Lighting Act (1882) Amendment (No.3) Bill [H.L.]: together with the proceedings of the Committee, minutes of evidence and appendix Short title: Electric Lighting Act (1882), etc Corporate author: House of Lords.Select Committee on the Electric Lighting Act (1882) Personal author: Cowper, Earl; Ashford, Lord; Balfour of Burleigh, Lord; Rayleigh, Lord; Wigan, Lord; Methuen, Lord; Houghton, Lord; Wolverton, Lord; Bramwell, Lord; Lingen, Lord Chairman: Camperdown, Earl of Abstract: The Committee directed that the Electric Lighting Act (1882) Amendment (No.1) Bill [H.L.] be reported to the House of Lords with amendments. They considered that it was not expedient to proceed with the other Amendment Bills (Nos. 1 and 2). The issue concerned the inability of private companies to function successfully under the legislation imposed by the Act. The Committee sought to remedy these problems by agreeing on suitable amendments to the 1882 Ac. Tables, pictures etc:

79. Access To Articles : Nature lord rayleigh showed that the spherical shape of a drop of radius a0, But,in contrast to lord rayleigh s prediction, we observed the jets at a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v421/n6919/full/421128a.html

Accessibility statement Jump to main content Jump to main navigation Jump to search ... ABOUT NPG E-MAIL: PASSWORD Save password Forgotten password? MY ACCOUNT E-ALERTS SUBSCRIBE ... REGISTER Text to search for Advanced search Journal home Subscribe now! ACCESS Most users gain access to full text articles through a site license. This is available to institutional customers only. For further information visit the Librarian Gateway. Full-text articles are also available through a number of other options: I want to purchase this article Select this option to view this article immediately and access it for seven days. Price: US$30* In order to purchase this article you must be a registered user. Click here to register or log in above. I want to subscribe to Nature Select this option to purchase a personal subscription. I am already a personal subscriber to Nature Personal subscribers to Nature can view this article. To do this you need to associate your subscription with your registration via the My Account page. If you already have an active online subscription log in via the login box in the top right-hand corner of this page. You can request the document from a number of document delivery services: British Library Document Supply Centre CISTI Canadian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information Infotrieve Thomson ISI Document Delivery You can also request the document from your local library through interlibrary loan services.

80. Towards A General Definition For Spectroscopic Resolution rayleigh criterion. lord rayleigh (1879) first derived the resolved distance oftwo identical, diffractionlimited point sources with the aid of Bessel http://www.adass.org/adass/proceedings/adass94/jonesa.html

2496 kB PostScript reprint Next: A Test for Up: Data Modeling and Previous: A Technique for Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems IV ASP Conference Series, Vol. 77, 1995 Book Editors: R. A. Shaw, H. E. Payne, and J. J. E. Hayes Electronic Editor: H. E. Payne Towards a General Definition for Spectroscopic Resolution A. W. Jones, J. Bland-Hawthorn Anglo-Australian Observatory, P.O. Box 296, Epping, NSW 2121 Australia P. L. Shopbell Abstract: Judged by their instrumental profiles, spectrometers fall into two basic classes-Lorentzian and Gaussian-with many other line profile functions (sinc functions, Voigt functions, Airy functions, etc.) falling into one of these two categories in some limit. We demonstrate that the Rayleigh, Sparrow, and Houston resolution criteria are of limited use compared to the ``equivalent width'' of the line profile. Introduction Modern day spectrographs ultimately rely on the interference of a finite number of beams that traverse different optical paths to form a signal (Bell 1972). The spectrometer disperses the incoming light into a finite number of wavelength (energy) intervals, where the size of the resolution element ( ) is set by the bandwidth limit imposed by the dispersing element. Different dispersive techniques produce a variety of instrumental profiles. A long-slit spectrometer in the diffraction limit produces a

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