61. Science Museum London - Treasures so that when in 1775 jesse ramsden produced a successful machine that of an Engine for Dividing Mathematical Instruments by jesse ramsden, 1777. http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/on-line/treasure/objects/1932-22.asp

Troughton's Dividing Engine In the 1760s two practical methods for finding longitude at sea, a major navigational problem, had been proposed. However, both methods required accurate angle-measuring instruments. Dividing, or marking, the scales on the instruments by hand was slow and demanding, so that when in 1775 Jesse Ramsden produced a successful machine that could perform the task mechanically he was well rewarded. The dividing engine on display was completed by John Troughton in 1778 and is similar to Ramsden's original machine. Troughton's engine was similar to Ramsden's second dividing engine, shown here. The engraving is taken from Description of an Engine for Dividing Mathematical Instruments by Jesse Ramsden, 1777. Inventory Number: 1932-22 Astronomy and optics Chemistry Classical physics Communications ... Water transport

62. Treasures - Ramsdens Three-Foot Theodolite (1791) This theodolite, made by specialist instrumentmaker jesse ramsden in the lateeighteenth century, is the oldest of its kind to survive. http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/collections/treasures/ramsden.asp

search visiting exhibitions online let's talk ... water transport earth sciences Ramsden's Three-Foot Theodolite (1791) This theodolite, made by specialist instrument-maker Jesse Ramsden in the late eighteenth century, is the oldest of its kind to survive. It was the first used to measure the triangulation angles which led to the original Ordnance Survey maps of the country. Despite its enormous weight, the theodolite was used on the tops of mountains, steeples and scaffolding. The accuracy of its scales was surpasssed only in the 1930s. The horizontal circle, carrying the scale, was the most important part of the instrument, needing to be kept as flat and stiff as possible. The instrument had to withstand an immense amount of wear and tear in constant use, rough travelling and exposure to the weather. NMSI Contact Us Support Us Press Office ... Site Map

63. Whites Trade Directory - Stanley Cum Wrenthorpe George Oldroyd 5 ~ George Pickersgill 4 ~ Charles Raby 9 ~ jesse ramsden 13 ~Elizabeth Scott 6 ~ David steel 4 ~ Richard steel 15 ~ Hannah Towlerton 10 http://www.wakefieldfhs.org.uk/Whites Stanley cum Wrenthorpe.htm

Wakefield Family History Sharing Whites Trade Directory 1853 Stanley cum Wrenthorpe marked 1 reside at Brag Lane ~ 2 Carr Gate ~ 3 Lake Lock ~ 4 Lofthouse Gate ~ 5 Newton ~ Ouchthorpe Lane ~ 7 Stanley ~ 8 Stanley Ferry ~ 9 Stanley Bottom Boat ~ 10- Wrenthorpe or Potovens ~ 11 Stanley Lane End ~ 12 Cockpit Houses ~ 13 Brandy Carr ~ 14 Snow Hill ~ 15 Newton Lane ends (partly included with Wakefield) Bay Horse, Abraham Lupton 14 ~ Ferry Boar, John Liddle 9 ~ Ferry Boat, William Armitage 8 ~ Graziers Arms, William Clegg 7 ~ Hertford Arms, James Jacques, Park Hill ~ Heywood Arms, Robert Hodgson 3 ~ Malt Shovel, John Burnill 10 ~ Malt Shovel, William Johnson 2 ~ Masons Arms, William Pape 9 ~ Royal Foresters, George Hartley 6 ~ Royal Oak, Thomas Button 10 ~ Ship, William Land 12 ~ Ship, James Hodgson 8 ~ Ship, Edward Walton 9 ~ Star William Dickinson ( and tanner) 4 ~ Sun, Richard Hartley ( and brickmaker) 4 ~ Thatched House, Robert Clegg 3 ~ Victoria, Hannah Green 15 ~ Vine Tree, John Jackson 5 ~ Wheel, John Marsland 1 ~ Woodman, John Dickinson 4 Academies Beerhouses William Aldar 11 ~ Thomas Batty 5 ~ Henry Binks 10 ~ William Cookson 9 ~ George Hebden 1 ~ John Hodgson 11 ~ John Huffinley 7 ~ Eliz. Land 12 ~ George Pickersgill 4 ~ William Tate 11 ~ Jno Whitehead 11 ~ Hannah Wright 10

64. Geodetic Surveys jesse ramsden s theodolite with a 3 ft. circle reading to 1 built in 1787 wasused for the angle observations and despite its weight of about 300 lbs. good http://geodesy.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/geodetic_survey_1807.html

GEODETIC SURVEYS IN THE UNITED STATES THE BEGINNING AND THE NEXT ONE HUNDRED YEARS Joseph F. Dracup Coast and Geodetic Survey (Retired) 12934 Desert Glen Drive Sun City West, AZ 85375-4825 ABSTRACT The United States began geodetic surveys later than most of the world's major countries, yet its achievements in this scientific area are immense and unequaled elsewhere. Most of the work was done by a single agency that began as the Survey of the Coast in 1807, identified as the Coast Survey in 1836,renamed the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1878 and since about 1970 the National Geodetic Survey, presently an office in the National Ocean Service, NOAA. An introduction containing a brief history of geodetic surveying to 1800 is followed by accounts of the American experience to 1940. Broadly speaking the 1807-1940 period is divided into three sections: The Early Years 1807-1843, Laying the Foundations of the Networks 1843-1900 and Building the Networks 1900-1940. The scientific accomplishments, technology developments, major and other interesting events, anecdotes and the contributions made by the people of each period are summarized. PROLOGUE Early Geodetic Surveys And The British-French Controversy The first geodetic survey of note was observed in France during the latter part of the 17th and early 18th centuries and immediately created a major controversy. Jean Picard began an arc of triangulation near Paris in 1669-70 and continued the work southward until his death about 1683. His work was resumed by the Cassini family in 1700 and completed to the Pyrenees on the Spanish border prior to 1718 when the northern extension to Dunkirk on the English Channel was undertaken.

65. Science In The 19th Century Periodical ramsden, jesse (1735–1800) DSB Search for all references to this register entry.Rands, William Brighty (1823–82) DNB Search for all references to this http://www.sciper.org/browse/nam_r.html

Home Browse Search SciPer Index People Books Periodicals Unidentified Pseudonyms a ... q r s t u v ... DNB Radley, Mr fl. WBI DNB Raffles, Sir DSB WBI Raglan, 1st Baron. See Somerset, Lord Fitzroy James Henry Rahere (d. 1144) DNB DNB Ralegh (or Raleigh), Sir DNB Raleigh, Walter. See Ralegh, Walter Rama V (Chulalongkorn Phra Paramindr Maha), King of Siam ( fl. CBE WBI DSB Ramsay, Sir DSB DNB DNB DSB ... CBD Rankin, Rev T ( fl. WBI WBI DSB CBD ... DSB Rattray, James (b. 1835) WBI RLIN Raveneau, Louis (b. 1865) WBI WBI Ravensworth, 1st Earl of. See Liddell, Henry T Rawlinson, Sir DNB Rawlinson, Sir DNB WBI http://www.iee.org.uk/publish/inspec/100yrs/ Rawson, Sir WBI Rawson, Sir DNB Ray, John (1627-1705) DSB Ray, Martha (d. 1779) DNB Rayleigh, 2nd Baron. See Strutt, John James Rayleigh, 3rd Baron. See Strutt, John William Raymond, George (b. 1796) WIVP WBI Reade, Alfred Arthur (b. 1851) WBI DNB WBI DNB ... DSB Recorde, Robert ( c. DSB WIVP Redesdale, Earl of. See Mitford, John Thomas Freeman Redfield, James W ( fl. Redfield 1856 Redway, Jacques Wardlaw (b. 1849) WBI Redwood, Sir RLIN DNB Reed, Sir DNB DNB DNB DNB ... DNB Reid

66. Focal Point - CAS Online In 1780, jesse ramsden introduced another 2lens design that is still used todayin cheap telescopes. This design has the same faults as the Huygenian, http://casonline.org/focalpoint/0698.html

Understanding Telescope Eyepieces by Chris Brownewell Telescope History Because of the nature of light, all optical systems have to deal with various distortions of the image. When telescopes were invented, nobody had a very good idea about exactly what light was or how it behaved. When light is bent or 'refracted' by a simple lens, the different colors of light are brought to a focus at different distances from the lens. This phenomena in an optical system is called chromatic aberration and looks like a colored haze around an image. All of the curves ground into early telescope lenses were spherical since spherical optical surfaces are the easiest ones to make. Unfortunately, the focal plane from such a surface is curved and this causes spherical distortion. There are several other types of optical distortions, but these two are the most important where eyepieces are concerned. Eyepiece Pioneers In 1611, Johannes Kepler proposed the idea of using a convex lens for the eyepiece. This dealt with the problem of rapidly decreasing field with magnification, but it came at a price: the image produced is upside down. This design works well with a telescope of focal ratio f/40 or greater. The focal ratio of a telescope is the focal length, that is, the distance from the objective lens to the focus, divided by the diameter of the objective lens. As there were no methods for testing the optical quality of lenses in the 17th century, the focal ratio had to be large to compensate for any problems with the lenses. Telescope sizes in those days were referred to by the length of their tubes, rather than the diameter, with a longer telescope being better that a shorter one. Making the telescope lenses very long in focal length minimized the problems of chromatic and spherical distortion, but made the telescopes difficult to use.

67. Sphæra Issue No. 8: Article 5 by Peter Dollond to jesse ramsden s charge that John Dollond took the idea a paper presented to the Royal Society by Mr jesse ramsden FRS which was http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/sphaera/issue8/articl5.htm

THE Museum has recently acquired a small collection of manuscript and printed material from the descendants of the Dollond family of optical instrument makers. A number of generations of the Dollonds are represented, reaching back as far as the founding of the company in the eighteenth century and, indeed, even further. These papers are in addition to the Dollond family papers already in the Blundell Collection, previously on loan to the Museum and now transferred as a gift. There are a number of interesting documents in the collection but one unexpected find is of outstanding importance for the history of optical instruments. It is the original manuscript of the rebuttal prepared by Peter Dollond to Jesse Ramsden's charge that John Dollond took the idea of the achromatic telescope from the previous work of Chester Moor Hall, having learnt of it through an encounter with the optician George Bass. It adds significantly to our knowledge of this crucial episode in the history of the telescope. The newly-discovered manuscript, in the hand of Peter Dollond, is a draft with many insertions and alterations. There were originally thirteen pages written on seven folded folio sheets, but one of these sheets has been lost, so that pages 11 and 12 are missing. There is a fair and complete copy in the archives of the Royal Society and it is strange that this does not seem to have attracted the attention of historians interested in the dispute over the origins of the achromatic object-glass.

68. > > L'eStudiolo De Pèndulum > > Materials copper, brass, glass, tin, bubinga wood and American walnut, silk andleather. Dimensions h = 28cm. Design jesse ramsden, 1766. http://www.pendulum.es/english/estudiolo/electricidad_magnetismo.html

HOME ORDERS CATALOGUE PHILOSOPHY ... Pendulums Electricity and Magnetism Volta's Battery Ramsden's Electrostatic Machine Electroscope Lightning rods Volta's Battery VOLTA'S BATTERY Letter from Alessandro Volta to the Royal Society of London, March 1800. "The apparatus of which I write, and which will doubtless astonish you, is nothing more than a collection of good conductors of different sorts arranged in a certain way, 30, 40, 60 or more pieces of copper (or better, silver), each one resting on pieces of tin or better of zinc, and an equal number of layers of water or some other fluid that is a better conductor than pure water, such as salt water, lye, etc., or pieces of cardboard or leather soaked in these liquids. This is everything that constitutes my instrument." In this way, and by means of a chemical reaction between zinc and the liquid, electricity is generated.

69. > > L'eStudiolo De Pèndulum > > Translate this page Materiales cobre, latón, vidrio, estaño, madera de bubinga y nogal americano,seda y cuero. Dimensiones h= 28cm. Diseño jesse ramsden, 1766. http://www.pendulum.es/estudiolo/electricidad_magnetismo.html

INICIO PEDIDOS CATÁLOGO Electricidad y Magnetismo Electricidad y Magnetismo Pila de Volta Elecroscopio Pararrayos Pila de Volta PILA DE VOLTA Carta de Alessandro Volta a la Royal Society de Londres. Marzo de 1800. "El aparato de que le hablo y que indudablemente le asombrará a usted, no es más que una colección de buenos conductores de clases diferentes dispuestos de cierta manera, 30, 40, 60 o más trozos de cobre (o mejor de plata), cada uno descansando sobre trozos de estaño o mejor de zinc, y un número igual de capas de agua o de algún otro fluido que sea mejor conductor que el agua pura, tal como agua salada, lejía, etc., o trozos de cartón o cuero bien empapados en estos líquidos. Esto es todo lo que constituye mi instrumento." Pieza confeccionada a mano.

70. NL20 was redivided by jesse ramsden in 1782 on the instructions of Lord Bute.ramsden was the doyen of accurate scale division, being the first to automate http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~nph126/items/nl20.htm

No. 20 Equatorial Telescope by Sisson and Ramsden This weighty 19 th John S Reid Back to Index Pages designed by Jill Macdonald Last updated 24 th August 1999

71. Untitled Document It is known that jesse ramsden modified the telescope in 1782 by redividing thealready accurate scales on the telescope into an even more accurate scale. http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~u02ah3/px2013/app.html

T h e U n i v e r s a l E q u a t o r i a l T e l e s c o p e The Universal Equatorial Telescope held in Marischal College was handed over to the University by the Third Earl of Bute. It was originally made by Jeremiah Sisson in the 18th century before being modified by Jesse Ramsden in 1782 who redivided the finely crafted scales onthe the telescope for Lord Bute. The telescope was initially designed for precision Astronomy. The apperance of the item is very much related to it's function as the picture below shows. The ornamentation of the device being built into the functionality of the piece. The stand allows for great stability when used and consequently accurate observations of the stellar phenomenon viewed. The wheel along the x-axis allows horizontal changes in angle to measured while the wheel in the y-axis (the wheel the telescope is attached to allows changes in angle in the y direction to be measured. Through the movements of the two wheels changes in movement in any direction can be measured. The half wheel below the other 2 allows the telescope to be set up for viewing before any measurements are taken. The wheels do feature some ormanentaion which presumably is quite commonplace in the 18th century as the picture of the 17th centure telescope's tripod stand shows. The telescope is built of Brass, an alloy that is a combination of Copper, Zinc and several other metals. It is a relatively easy substance to beat or heat into shapes making it a reasonable material to use in creating telescopes of the time, mainly as it is easier to shape than Iron or Lead. Depending on the other metals employed in it's formation determines how resistant it is to corrosion, but since Aluminium was not available in large quantities in the 1700s, it is unlikely to be too resistant to corrosion. Modern telescopes employ materials such as plastics, Aluminium, Stainless Steel and other modern materials that are extremely strong and resistant to corrosion.

72. Museo Della Specola, Bologna - Catalogue, Various Instruments, 85 jesse ramsden (Halifax 1735Brightelmstone 1800) This circular protractorwas made by jesse ramsden, one of the best precision instrument makers of the http://www.bo.astro.it/dip/Museum/english/mat_85.html

85. Circular protractor by J. Ramsden England, second half of XVIII cen. Jesse Ramsden (Halifax 1735-Brightelmstone 1800) brass diameter 20.2 cm, length of bar 16.3 cm [Inv. MdS-72] This circular protractor was made by Jesse Ramsden, one of the best precision instrument makers of the second half of the XVIIIth century and designer of the first dividing machine that could work the limbs of small diameter circles with great accuracy. The whole circumference of the protractor is divided into degrees and the vernier is divided into 20 parts. M. Daumas (1953), pp. 264, 318. E. Miotto, G. Tagliaferri, P. Tucci, p. 113. J.A. Repsold (1908, 1914).

73. A LIST OF EMINENT MEN Noticed In This Work. (the Numbers Indicate Abraham de la Quarmby, Sir Hugh ramsden, jesse Ratcliffe, Doctor John Reed, JosephRipley, Sir George Robert, the Scribe Robinson, John Roebuck, John Role, http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/yrksdict/eminent.txt

 A LIST OF EMINENT MEN noticed in this work. (the numbers indicate the number of occurences) Alcock, John Alfred, King of Northumberland Aram, Eugene (2) Ascham, Roger Aske, Robert Babthorpes, Ralphe Bacon, Fryer Balguy, Rev. John Baltimore, Lord Barnaby, Drunken, alias Richard Braithwaite Beloe, William Bentley, Richard Berkenhaut, John Beverley, John of Bingham, Joseph Bingley, William Blackburn, Francis Bosvill, James Bramhall, John Bridlington, John de Briggs, Henry Brompton, John of Brookbank, Joseph Brooke, John Charles Brown, Tom Brotherton, Thomas de Bubwith, Nicholas de Burton, Henry (2) Burton, John Byrks, Robert Cappe, Newcome Carr, John Cholmley, Sir Hugh Clapham, John Clarke, Rev. John Clarkson, David Clifton, Sir Gervaise Comber, Rev. Thomas Congreve, William Cooke, Captain Coverdale, Bishop Craven, William (3) Cuitt, George Dade, William De Foe, Daniel Deane, Doctor Dodgson, Doctor Dodsworth, Roger Drake, Doctor Samuel Edwards, William Elphin, Bishop Eusden, Lawrence Fairfax, Thomas Fairfax, Edward Farrer, Robert (Bishop) Fisher, John Fitzwilliam, William Fiddes, Richard Fleming, Richard Frobisher, Martin Fothergill, Doctor John Fothergill, Doctor Anthony Foulis, Henry Frank, Richard Gale, Dr. Thomas Gascoigne, Sir William, Goes, Hugh Gawer, Sir John Green, John (Bishop) Hartley, David Hastings, Lady E. Hatfield, de William Hickes, Doctor Hickes, John Hill, Joseph Holmes, George Holden, Rev. Dr. Holgate, Archbishop Hood, Robin (3) Hopton, John (Bishop) Hoveden, John of Hurtley, Mr., Hutchinson, John Hutton, Archbishop Ingram, Robert Jackson, John Jenkins, (2) John, Constantine (Lord Mulgrave) Johnson, Thomas Johnson, Dr. Thomas Kirton, George Knivet, Sir Thomas Langtoft, Peter Lamplugh, Archbishop Lambert, Major General Lee, Rev. William Lockwood, William Lodge, William Lun Mary, Queen of Scotts Marvel, Andrew Dutchman, Billy Margetson, James Marre, John Mason, Rev. WIlliam Melton, de William Metcalfe, of Nappa Metcalfe, John Montague, Mrs. Elizabeth Moore, Zachary Newbrough, John of Newburgh, William of Newman, Thomas Nevison, William Neville, Bishop Noble, Rev. John Oglethorpe, Doctor Owen Oglethorpe, General Palliser, Archbishop Plantagenet, Richard Potter, Dr. John Proctor, Thomas Pryme, Rev. Abraham de la Quarmby, Sir Hugh Ramsden, Jesse Ratcliffe, Doctor John Reed, Joseph Ripley, Sir George Robert, the Scribe Robinson, John Roebuck, John Role, Richard Saunderson, Nicholas Saville, Sir Henry Savilles, Saxton, Christopher Scott, Doctor James Scott, Thomas (Bishop) Scrope, Jeffrey Sezevaux, John de Sharp, John Sharpe, Abraham Shaw, Cuthbert Sheepshanks, Rev. William Shipton, Mother Skirlaugh, Bishop Smeaton, John Stevenson, John Hall Storr, Rear Admiral Terrick, Bishop Thompson, Captain Thoresby, Ralph Thoresby, Archbishop Tillotson, Archbishop Tong, Esreel Topham, John Torre, James Tunstall, James Tunstall, Bishop Tunstall, Marmaduke Villiers, Duke of Buckingham Wandesford, Christopher Walker, Samuel Washington, John Willan, Robert Wilson, John Wilson, Benjamin Wilson, Mr. Wolsey, Cardinal Woodhead, Abraham Wray, Thomas Wrightson, Roger Wycliffe, John de Zouch, Rev. Doctor

74. Genuki Logo Yorkshire Notes And Queries Volume V. 1909 Radcliffe, Dr., and his Fees, (2); Radenglass,; Rale, James,; Ramble round Baildon,;Ralph, Bishop of the Orkney Isles,; Ramsay, C.,; ramsden, jesse (FRS), http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/CBW/ynq/v5p9.htm

"Yorkshire Notes and Queries" Volume V. 1909 Perpendicular Style of Architexture, at Beeford, Beverley, Great Driffield, Hornsey, Howden, Hull, Paghell (or Paull), Pocklington, Preston, Skirlaugh, Tunstall, Pickering, Lythe;N, Riding, Pickering Font, Plague in Leeds, in (2) Pickhill, Old Font near Tower of Church, Plantagenet, Richard (Earl of Cambridge), Plot, Dr., and Weeding Well, Play Bill, An Old, (2) Pliny's Well at Como, Plumbley, F., (2) Plumpton Quarry near Harrogate, Poem, Author of Wanted Name, Pontefract, Pomfret Cakes, (2) Poll.Tax, Last of Richard II., Ponterfleet, Pool, Paper making at, Poole, Matthew, Porritt, G.T., Porteous, Blellby, Potter, Dr.John (Archbp.of Canterbury), Pottenger, Rev.Thomas, W.Poulson, George, Power, Ernest, Prehistoric Man, Prehistoric Relics from Middleton, Preston, Ben, Preston, J., Bradford Tradesmen of the 17th Century, (2) Priesley, Joseph, Private Bill Procedure, " Probable Origin of Yorkshire Names of Places and Persons, derived from the Ancient English, the Anglo Saxon, the Frisian, or other Germanic or Teutonic Dialect, (2) Proctor, Thomas (Sculptor)

75. HistoryWired: A Few Of Our Favorite Things Invented by jesse ramsden of London, England, this was the first machine thatcould divide the rim of a circle automatically. It was of great importance in http://historywired.si.edu/object.cfm?ID=347

76. An Index To The Correspondence Of William Herschel P — S - Royal Astronomical S ramsden, jesse (1735–1800). 24 July 1782, 13.R.1. RANKING, John. 21 Sept. 1815,1, pp. 294–95; 5 Oct. 1815, 1, p. 295. RAUZZINI, Venanzio (1747–1810) http://www.ras.org.uk/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=90

77. Evolution Of The Sextant 1768 Scale dividing engine by jesse ramsden ca. 1770 Finite scale on verniercalibrated 20 0 - 20 . Earlier instruments calibrated 10 - 0 - 10 http://home.earthlink.net/~nbrass1/cardart.htm

Evolution of the Sextant by Rod Cardoza West Sea Co. 2495 Congress St. San Diego CA 92110 Phone: (619) 296-5356 Fax: (619) 296-1097 Edited by A. N. Stimson, Head of Navigation Section, Department of Astronomy and Navigation, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, England. The sextant has come to be widely recognized as a universal nautical symbol. Indeed, the sextant, in conjunction with the compass, has been the basic navigational tool for more than two centuries. The mariners' most prized possession was often his sextant. Witness the drama portrayed by the handwritten account found with a 19th century English sextant. "This sextant was salvaged from the pilot house of the Norwegian steamship Victory by her master, after being sunk by gunfire from a German submarine 35 miles north of Ushant at 1:00 PM on July 6, 1917. The master, 2nd mate, nine crewmen, and a stowaway were rescued from an open boat by the USS O'Brien at 5:30 A.M. on July 7th, 20 miles west of Ushant and were later landed at St. Nazaire, France. As a token of his gratitude for the rescue the master gave this sextant to the Captain of the O'Brien (jpeg 18K) It is only in the last 20 years, with the advent of satellite navigation and inertial guidance, that the demise of the sextant has been heralded. Yet, despite its obsolescence in the computer age, the simplicity, accuracy, and relatively low cost of the sextant will ensure its survival.

78. History Of Astronomy: Persons (R) ramsden, jesse (17351800). Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.)Short biography. Ramus, Peter (1515-1572) http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_r.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (R) Deutsche Fassung Radcliffe, John (1650-1714) Very short biography The Radcliffe Observatory , Oxford Ragona, Domenico (1820-1892) Short biography and references (in Italian) Rajewsky, Boris (1893-1974) Biography , by Erwin Schopper (in German) From Physiker und Astronomen in Frankfurt Raman, Chandrasekhra Venkata (1888-1970) Biography (24 Aug 1999: disappeared) Ramsay, William (1852-1916) Short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Ramsden, Jesse (1735-1800) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Short biography Ramus, Peter (1515-1572) Biographical data and references Rankine, William John Macquorn (1820-1872) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Raphson, Joseph (1648-1715) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Rasch, Johann (ca.1540-1615) Very short biography (Or see German version Rayleigh, Lord: see Strutt, John William (1842-1919) Razi: see al-Razi, Mohammad Ibn Zakariya (864-930)

79. Manufacturers jesse ramsden (17351800) ramsden was able to build achromatic objectivestaking advantage of Dollond s patent, as a result of his marriage to the http://www.brera.unimi.it/old/HEAVENS/MUSEO/Schede/ramsden.html

Jesse Ramsden (1735-1800) In 1775, Ramsden produced the first dividing machine that could be effectively used to trace precise divisions on the borders of small diameter circles. For this invention, which represented significant progress in precision mechanics, he received a donation from the Board of Longitude Commissioners in 1777. He was elected a member of the Royal Society in 1786, and in 1794 became a member of the Imperial Academy of St. Petersburg. In 1795, he was awarded the Copley Medal, one of the most prestigious recognitions of the period. List of the instruments: 11 - Mural quadrant References: C.C. Gillispie (ed.), Dictionary of Scientific Biography , 14 vols., (New York: C. Schriber's Sons, 1970-1976)

80. Log Of Mystic Seaport: Index To Personal Names 41(2)60,; ramsden, jesse 39(1)30,; Rand, Peter (Dr.) 20(2)60,;Randall, (Mr.) 19(3)103,; Randall, Capt . 40(4)115,; Randall, Eleanor E.. http://www.mysticseaport.org/library/initiative/LogPerson.cfm?alpha=R

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