41. History Of Astronomy: Persons (Q) Very short biography and reference (infoplease.com). qurra see thabit ibnqurra (836901); qurra see Ibrahim, ibn Sinan ibn thabit ibn qurra (908-946) http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_q.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (Q) Qadi Zada, al'Rumi (1364-1436) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Quensel, Conrad (1676-1732) Very short biographical data and links With a short biography in Swedish. Quetelet, Lambert Adolphe (1796-1874) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Very short biography and reference (infoplease.com) Qurra: see Thabit Ibn Qurra (836-901) Qurra: see Ibrahim, ibn Sinan ibn Thabit ibn Qurra (908-946) Wolfgang R. Dick . Created: 16 Jan 1995. Latest update: 19 June 2001

42. The Time Of Al-razi thabit ibn qurra developed the theory of amicable numbers. Abu Hassan thabitibn qurra Marawan alHarrani, that is, from Harran, Mesopotamia, http://www.levity.com/alchemy/islam14.html

History of Islamic Science 3 Based on the book Introduction to the History of Science by George Sarton (provided with photos and portraits) Edited and prepared by Prof. Hamed A. Ead These pages are edited by Prof. Hamed Abdel-reheem Ead, Professor of Chemistry at the Faculty of Science -University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt and director of the Science Heritage Center E-mail: ead@frcu.eun.eg Web site: http://www.frcu.eun.eg/www/universities/html/shc/index.htm Back to Islamic Alchemy Back to reference library The Time of Al-Razi Second Half of Ninth Century The whole ninth century was essentially a Muslim century. This more clear in the second half than of the first, since all the scientific leaders were Muslims, or at any rate were working with and for Muslims and wrote in Arabic. Cultural Background Abbasid Caliph Al-Mutawakkil (847-861) continued to protect men of science, chiefly the physicians, and he encouraged the school of translators headed by Hunain ibn Ishaq. Da ud al-Zahiri founded a new school of theology, based upon a more literal interpretation of the Qur'an; however, did not survive very long. Muslim published a new collection of traditions, arranged according to legal topics, like Bukhari's, but more theoretical. The Egyptian Dhul-Nun is generally considered the founder of Sufism, that is, of Muslim mysticism.

43. The Time Of Al-razi Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Sinan ibn thabit ibn qurra. Born in 9089, died in 946.Grandson of thabit ibn qurra (qv second half of ninth century); http://www.levity.com/alchemy/islam15.html

History of Islamic Science 4 Based on the book Introduction to the History of Science by George Sarton (provided with photos and portraits) Edited and prepared by Prof. Hamed A. Ead These pages are edited by Prof. Hamed Abdel-reheem Ead, Professor of Chemistry at the Faculty of Science -University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt and director of the Science Heritage Center E-mail: ead@frcu.eun.eg Web site: http://www.frcu.eun.eg/www/universities/html/hamed2.htm Back to Islamic Alchemy The Time of Al-Mas'udi First Half of Tenth Century The overwhelming superiority of Muslim culture continued to be felt throughout the tenth century. Indeed, it was felt more strongly than over, not only the foremost men of science were Muslims, but also because cultural influences are essentially cumulative. By the beginning, or at any rate by the middle of the century, the excellence of muslim science was already so well established, even in the West, that each new arabic work benefited to some extent by the prestige pertaining to all. To be sure, other languages, such as Latin, Greek, or Hebrew were also used by scholars, but the works written in those languages contained nothing new, and in the field of science, as in any other, when one ceases to go forward, one already begins to go backward. All the new discoveries and the new thoughts were published in arabic. strangely enough, the language of the Qur'an had thus become the international vehicle of scientific progress. The development of Muslim culture was fostere in Spain by the eighth Umayyad caliph of the west, Abd al-Rahman II, the advances of Muslim science continued to take place almost extensively in the east.

44. Thabit Ibn Qurra Biography thabit ibn qurra biographyt. thabit ibn qurra abu l Hasan ibn Marwan alSabial Harrani (826 – February 18 901) was an Arab astronomer and http://www.ebiog.com/biography/3583/thabit-ibn-qurra/bio.htm

HOME PHOTOS DIRECTORY CONTACT ... FORUM F IND B IOGRAPHY search by name S EARCH A LPHABETICALLY A B C D ... Z R ELATED C ONTENT A DVERTISEMENTS Thabit ibn Qurra Thabit ibn Qurra abu' l'Hasan ibn Marwan al-Sabi al'Harrani (826 – February 18 901) was an Arab astronomer and mathematician. In Latin he was known as Thebit. Thabit and his pupils lived in this midst. He worked in Baghdad and he occupied himself with mathematics astronomy mechanics medicine and philosophy. His native language was Syriac which was the eastern Aramaic dialect from Edessa and he knew well also Greek. He translated from Greek Apollonius Archimedes Euclid and Ptolemy. Thabit had revised translation of Euclid Elements of Hunayn ibn Ishaq. He had also rewritten the Hunayn's translation of Ptolemy's Almagest and he translated Ptolemy's Geography which later became very known. Later Thabit's patron was the Abbasid Caliph al-Mu'tadid (reigned 892–902) and Thabit very soon became his personal friend and the visitor of his court. There are just a few original Thabit's works that were preserved. Thabit has developed a theory about the trepidation and oscilation of the equinoctial points of which many scolars debated in the Middle Ages. According to Copernicus Thabit has determined the length of the sidereal year 365d 6h 9m 12s (an error of 2s). He published his observations of the Sun. In mathematics Thabit discovered an equation for determining the amicable numbers.

45. Unparalleled Scientific Legacy Of Islam thabit ibn qurra ibn Marwan alSabi al-Harrani was born in the year 836 atHarran (present Turkey). As the name indicates, he was basically a member of the http://www.storyofpakistan.com/contribute.asp?artid=C059&Pg=3

46. Max Planck Society - EDoc Server Document title Sur la tradition araboislamique de la balance thabit ibn Qurraet al-Khazini Authors Abattouy, Mohamed Document type InBook http://edoc.mpg.de/48365

Home News About Us Contact ... Home Search Quick Search Advanced Fulltext Browse Collections Persons My eDoc Session History Login Name: Password: Documentation Help Display Documents Entries 1-1 of 1 ID: , MPI f¼r Wissenschaftsgeschichte / Publications MPIWG Sur la tradition arabo-islamique de la balance: Thabit ibn Qurra et al-Khazini Authors: Abattouy, Mohamed Document type: InBook Language: French Review Status: not specified Date of Publication (YYYY-MM-DD): Start Page: End Page: External Publication Status: published Place of Publication: Rabat Audience: Not Specified Publisher: Facult© des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines Title of Book: Quelques aspects de l'©volution des id©es scientifiques : Antiquit© et Moyen ‚ge Title of Series: Publications de la Facult© des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Rabat : S©rie Colloques et S©minaires ; 83 Full Name of Book-Editor(s): Benmaissa, Abdessalam Affiliations: MPI f¼r Wissenschaftsgeschichte Abt. I (Renn) Entries 1-1 of 1 The scope and number of records on eDoc is subject to the collection policies defined by each institute - see "info" button in the collection browse view.

47. Max Planck Society - EDoc Server Document title Greek mechanics in Arabic context thabit ibn qurra, alIsfizariand the Arabic traditions of Aristotelian and Euclidean mechanics http://edoc.mpg.de/48359

Home News About Us Contact ... Home Search Quick Search Advanced Fulltext Browse Collections Persons My eDoc Session History Login Name: Password: Documentation Help Display Documents Entries 1-1 of 1 ID: , MPI f¼r Wissenschaftsgeschichte / Publications MPIWG Greek mechanics in Arabic context: Thabit ibn Qurra, al-Isfizari and the Arabic traditions of Aristotelian and Euclidean mechanics Authors: Abattouy, Mohamed Document type: InBook Language: English Review Status: not specified Date of Publication (YYYY-MM-DD): Start Page: End Page: External Publication Status: published Volume: Audience: Not Specified Title of Book: Intercultural transmission of scientific knowledge in the Middle Ages: Special issue of 'Science in context' Full Name of Book-Editor(s): Abattouy, Mohamed ; Weinig, Paul Affiliations: MPI f¼r Wissenschaftsgeschichte Abt. I (Renn) Entries 1-1 of 1 The scope and number of records on eDoc is subject to the collection policies defined by each institute - see "info" button in the collection browse view.

48. Ibn Qurra Translate this page thabit ibn qurra ibn Marwan Al Sabi Al Harrani nasceu no ano 836 em Harran (Turquia), Lá, estudou com os famosos irmãos Banu Musa, thabit ibn qurra, http://www.islam.org.br/ibn_qurra.htm

Em Nome de Deus, O Clemente, O Misericordioso! Thabit Ibn Qurra Ibn Marwan Al Sabi Al Harrani IBN QURRA Thabit Ibn Qurra Ibn Marwan Al Sabi Al Harrani nasceu no ano 836 em Harran (Turquia), ele foi aluno de um grande matemático muçulmano Muhammad Ibn Musa Ibn Shakir, ampliou o seu conhecimento em línguas, o que ajudou a aumentar o seu potencial para a carreira científica, foi selecionado junto com um grupo para estudos científicos em Bagda, convidado pelo Califa Abássida. Lá, estudou com os famosos irmãos Banu Musa, Thabit Ibn Qurra, contribuiu com diversos ramos da ciência, notavelmente com a matemática, astronomia e mecânica, além a traduzir um grande número trabalhos do grego para o árabe. Mais tarde, foi contratado pelo Califa Abássida Al M'utadid, após uma longa carreira, Thabit Ibn Qurra, morreu em Bagda em 901. A principal contribuição de Thabit Ibn Qurra, encontra-se na matemática e na astronomia, estendeu o conceito da geometria tradicional a álgebra geométrica e propôs diversas teorias que conduziu ao desenvolvimento da geometria, o trigonometria esférica, o cálculo integral e números reais. Criticou um número de teoremas de elementos de Euclides e propôs melhorias importantes, aplicou a terminologia aritmética às quantidades geométricas, e estudou diversos aspectos de seções cônicas.

49. Des Puzzles De Pythagore de thabit ibn qurra PLEIN ECRAN ici http://perso.wanadoo.fr/therese.eveilleau/pages/truc_mat/pythagor/textes/qurra.h

Q uelqu es puzzles de Pythagore L e puzzle de Bhaskara D 4 Triangles U n autre puzzle D e Thabit ibn Qurra Si l'animation ci-dessous ne tourne pas Flash 5 L e puzzle de Thabit ibn Qurra PLEIN ECRAN ici A c a b N ous obtenons C

50. Al-Sabi Thabit Ibn Qurra Al-Harrani thabit ibnqurra fou el fundador de l’escola de traductors i al que de la tascade traduir al’àrab les obres d’Euclides, Arquímedes, Apol·loni i Eutoci. http://www.mallorcaweb.net/mamaguena/arabs/thabi/thabi.html

Al-Sabi Thabit ibn Qurra al-Harrani Nascut: l’any 826 a Harra, Mesopotamia Mort: 18 de feb de 901 a Bagdad En teoria de nombres Thabit treballa en nombres amics. Recordem que, si S(n) denota la suma dels divisors de n llevat de n , dos nombres n m S(n)=m i S(m)=n. Per ,siguin i . Si p n-1 p n , i q n a n p n-1 p n i b n q n A del triangle ABC rectes AB ’ i AC ’ tals que els angles AB B i AC ’C siguin iguals a l’angle A aleshores:

51. Islamic History And Culture - The History Of Islam And Personalities In Islamic thabit ibn qurra, thabit ibn qurra ibn Marwan alSabi al-Harrani contributed toseveral branches of science, notably mathematics, astronomy and mechanics, http://www.islamic-paths.org/Home/English/History/Personalities/Personalities.ht

Islamic Paths Serving the Islamic World Home / Portal Sign Our Guest Book Personalities in Islam People That Have Influenced Islamic Belief Common Name Full Name (if different) and Description Last Posting 24 September 2000 We are looking for more biographies and material to add to this section. If you have material to share please forward it to us so we may post it for everyone to read and enjoy, insha Allah. Thank You.. Previous Posting ‘Abdu’l-Qadir al-Jilani Great 'ulama and charismatic leader of Islam. Abu Abdullah al-Battani Abu Abdallah Muhammad Ibn Jabir Ibn Sinan al-Battani al-Harrani was a famous astronomer, mathematician and astrologer. Abu al-Hasan al-Mawardi Abu al-Hasan Ali Ibn Muhammad Ibn Habib al-Mawardi was a great jurist, mohaddith, sociologist and an expert in Political Science. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi Abul Qasim Khalaf ibn al-Abbas al-Zahrawi was a great surgeon. Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham was one of the most eminent physicists, whose contributions to optics and the scientific methods are outstanding. Abu'l-Hasan al-Ash'ari Famous 'ulama Abul Hasan Ali Al-Masu'di Abul Hasan Ali Ibn Husain Ibn Ali Al-Masu'di expert an geographer, a physicist and historian.

52. Deadly Attacks Against The Assyrian Christians Of Iraq Barhebraeus has quoted from a Syriac work of thabit ibn qurra, where he praisesthe Harranians for their loyalty to the ancient religion and contribution to http://www.christiansofiraq.com/harranian.html

Christians of Iraq Contact Assyrian Contributions to the Arab Civilization The Haranian School Harran during the Assyrian period was an important center of astronomy and mathematics which was used to calculate the movement of planets the prediction of eclipses and other astronomical events. It should not surprise us that such knowledge had survived a thousand years later in that city perhaps because Harranians refused to convert to Christianity and the planetary worship was still part of their religion which made such knowledge necessary. During the early Islamic period they were called Sabians a name mentioned in Koran which they adopted to join the ranks of the tolerated people. At times they have been confused with the Sabians living in southern Mesopotamia. One of the first translators of the Harranian school of mathematic and astronomy is known by his Arabized name as al-Hajjaj ibn-yusuf ibn-Matar (786-833). He is credited with having made the first translation of Euclid' Elements and one of the first of ptolemy's astronomical work in Arabic "Almagest" in 827-28 from a former Syriac version. (Philip Hitti, "History of the Arabs", Princeton University Press, 10th edition, Macmillan st. Martine Press p.314) It was revised by Hunayn ibn-Ishaq and later by Thabit . Thabit bin Qurra (826-901) is considered to be the greatest geometer of the Arab period. "Thabit translated into Arabic seven of the eight books on conic sections of Apolonius and wrote earliest known work on the sundial."

53. Colloque Thabit Ibn Qurra sa mort) (14-15 décembre 2001). Institut du Monde Arabe. Programme http://chspam.vjf.cnrs.fr/Thabit.htm

COLLOQUE Institut du Monde Arabe Programme PROGRAMME 10 h - 10 h 30 : Ouverture Roshdi RASHED 10 h 30 - 12 h 30 Roshdi RASHED (CNRS) : (CNRS, IDEO du Caire) : L'astronomie. 15 h - 16 h 30 Roshdi RASHED Philippe ABGRALL (CNRS) : Les sections coniques. Christian HOUZEL (CNRS) : 16 h 30 : Pause 17 h - 18 h 30 Pascal CROZET (CNRS) : Le livre Sur la composition des rapports. 10 h - 12 h 30 Ahmed HASNAOUI (CNRS) : (CNRS) : La statique ( Conclusion par Roshdi RASHED

54. Personalities Noble Mohammad ibn Zakariya alRazi; Jalal al-Din Rumi; Ali ibn Rabban al-Tabari;thabit ibn qurra; Nasir al-Din al-Tusi; Abu al-Qasim al-Zahravi http://www.jamil.com/personalities/index.shtml

Personalities Noble Glimpses of Renowned Scientists and Thinkers of Muslim Era BOARD OF EDITORS Dr. M.A. KAZI, Adviser to the President on Science and Technology HAKIM MOHAMMED SAID, President, Hamdard Foundation Pakistan DR. Z.A. HASHMI, Senior Scientist, National Science Council of Pakistan DR. RAZIUDDIN SIDDIQUI, Secretary General, Pakistan Academy of Sciences DR. S.M.A SHAH, National Sciences Council of Pakistan HAKIM NAIMUDDIN ZUBAIRI, Director of Research (Academic), Hamdard Foundation Pakistan Muslim Era Series-1 Personalities Noble Glimpses of Renowned Scientist and Thinkers of Muslim Era Edited by: Hakim Mohammed Said Re Edited for Internet Publication National Sciences Council of Pakistan Hamdard Foundation Pakistan FOREWORD Every Muslim who has even a brief acquaintance with Islamic History is aware that the Islamic Ideology and world-view provided, during the first few centuries Hijra, a most powerful source of inspiration, especially for the Muslim people's quest for knowledge. The Islamic spirit produced a radical transformation in the Arabian Peninsula, as well as among the countries where Islam took firm root in the immediately succeeding centuries. The rich contributions which Islam has made in the various branches of Science served as the basis for the development of modern science. Although many earlier western historians tended to ignore this fact, recent investigations have led to a wider recognition of the importance of the Muslim contributions, especially to the development of scientific thought and the scientific method.

55. Thabit Ibn Qurrah (Thebit), 836-901 C.E. Founder of Statics; Astronomer; Extended concept of traditional geometry togeometrical algebra and proposed theories of nonEuclidean geometry, http://salam.muslimsonline.com/~azahoor/qurra.html

THABIT IBN QURRAH (THEBIT) (836 - 901 C.E.) by Dr. A. Zahoor Click here to proceed

56. OICexchange.com : Gateway To OIC ‘Some people visited Zaid ibn thabit (one of the scribes of the Prophet SAW) andasked the qurra (memorizers of the Quran) which totaled in the tens of http://www.oicexchange.com/?f=25.html

57. IslamWeb - Muslims’ Contribution To Astronomy of mathematical and astronomical works was a pagan named thabit ibn qurra.thabit was originally a money changer in the marketplace of Harran, http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/archive/article.php?lang=E&id=65225

58. Recherche : Théorème%20de%20Thabit-Ibn%20Qurra thabit-ibn qurra , Certification IDDN.Dans les fiches, Parmi les mots-clés, Dans les définitions. 1 fiche trouvée http://publimath.irem.univ-mrs.fr/cgi-bin/publimath.pl?r=théorème de Thabit-Ib

59. Jabir_ibn_Aflah Both may be based on the work of thabit ibn qurra, or the work of ibn Aflah,Abu lWafa, and thabit ibn qurra may all be based on some still unknown source. http://homepages.compuserve.de/thweidenfeller/mathematiker/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.htm

al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad Jabir ibn Aflah Born: about 1100 in possibly Seville Died: about 1160 Jabir ibn Aflah is often known by the Latinised form of his name, namely Geber. Although not he was not in the first rank of Arabic mathematicians, he is important in the development of mathematics since his works were translated into Latin, and so became available to European mathematicians, whereas the work of some of the top rank Arabic mathematicians such as Abu'l-Wafa were not translated into Latin. Very little information is available regarding Jabir ibn Aflah's life. That he came from Seville is known from two sources. Firstly he is described as "al-Ishbili" in manuscripts containing his treatises; this means "from Seville". The other source gives us not only the information that he came from Seville, but also a good estimate for the period in which he lived. The information comes from Maimonides. Moses Maimonides, whose Arabic name was Abu 'Imran Musa ibn Maymun ibn 'Ubayd Allah, was a Jewish philosopher, jurist, and physician who was born in Córdoba in 1135. Among many important works he wrote The Guide of the Perplexed in Arabic in which he writes of:- ... ibn Aflah of Seville, whose son I have met ...

60. The Garden Of Archimedes: Pythagoras scheda3_1.gif, The demonstration of thabit ibn qurra. The following demonstrationis attributed to the Arab mathematician thabit ibn qurra (826901). http://www2.math.unifi.it/~archimede/archimede_inglese/pitagora/exh_pitagora/sch

The Garden of Archimedes A Museum for Mathematics Pythagoras and his Theorem Another very simple demonstration. visual demonstration and Airy's explanation demonstration of Thabit Ibn Qurra The white area with the two yellow triangles forms the square of the hypothenuse, while with the two green triangles, equal to the previous ones, gives the squares of the cathets. Naturally, even here the visual evidence must be supported by a demonstration, which can be performed by anybody. It seems that the previous demonstration was found in 1855 by G. B. Airy , the Greenwich observatory astronomer from 1836 to 1881. In the white part of the figure, Airy wrote the poem that follows: I am, as you may see, a + b When two triangles on me stand, But if I stand on them instead, The squares of both sides are read. The demonstration of Thabit Ibn Qurra. The following demonstration is attributed to the Arab mathematician Thabit Ibn Qurra (826-901). Starting from the right angled triangle ABC we make an irregular polygon ABDGLA by adding to the triangle the squares on the cathets ALHC and CBDE and the rectangle HCEG. This last one is divided by the diagonal GC in two right angled triangles, equal to the triangle ABC. Let now LI equal to BC and FD equal to AC; also the triangles ALI and BFD are equal to ABC. The same is true for the triangle IGF, because we have GI=AC and GF=BC. .

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