61. LacusCurtius • Ptolemy's Geography — Book II, Chapter 1 Hibernia or Ireland the chapter from the Geography of ptolemy, in Englishtranslation, with a map drawn to his coordinates. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/2/1

mail: Bill Thayer Italiano Help Up Home previous section This webpage reproduces a section of The Geography of Claudius Ptolemy published in English translation by Dover Publications, the text of which is in the public domain. This text has been carefully proofed and I believe it to be free of errors. If you find a mistake though, please let me know! next section Book II, Chapter 1 Location of Hibernia island of Britannia (from the First Map of Europe) My notes on the map: No information has been added to Ptolemy's text as I have it: there is no topographic data and the courses of the rivers remain unmapped. A description of the north coast, beyond which is located the Hyperborean ocean: Boreum promontory Vennicnium promontory mouth of the Vidua river mouth of the Argita river Rhobogdium promontory The Vennicni inhabit the west coast; next to them and toward the east are the Rhobogdi A description of the west side, which borders on the Western ocean from the Boreum promontory which is in mouth of the Ravius river Magnata city mouth of the Libnius river mouth of the Ausoba river mouth of the Senus river mouth of the Duris river mouth of the Iernus river Southern promontory a The Erdini inhabit the coast next to the Vennicni, and between these are the Magnatae; then the Autini; and the Gangani; below whom are the Vellabori.

62. People In The History Of Astronomy Short biographies of Pythagoras, ptolemy, Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, Halley, Einstein, and Hawking. http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/4515/HISTORY.html

People In The History Of Astronomy Background Pythagoras Ptolemy Copernicus ... Stephen Hawking Background          One of the most powerful creations of Greek science was the mathematical astronomy created by Hipparchus in the second century B.C. and given final form by Ptolemy in the second century A.D. Ptolemy's work was known in the Middle Ages through imperfect Latin versions. In fifteenth-century Italy, however, it was brought back to life. George Trebizond, a Cretan emigre in the curia, produced a new translation and commentary. These proved imperfect and aroused much heated criticism. But a German astronomer, Johannes Regiomontanus, a protege of the brilliant Greek churchman Cardinal Bessarion, came to Italy with his patron, learned Greek, and produced a full-scale "Epitome" of Ptolemy's work from which most astronomers learned their art for the next century and more. Copernicus was only one of the celebrities of the Scientific Revolution whose work rested in large part on the study of ancient science carried out in fifteenth-century Italy. (The Revival Of An Ancient Science) Pythagoras (582–c.507 B.C)

63. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Lysias A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris, mentioned by Strabo, XII, 576, Pliny, V, 29, ptolemy, V, 2, 23, Hierocles, and the Notitiae episcopatuum , probably founded by Antiochus the Great about 200 B.C. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478b.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... L > Lysias A B C D ... Z Lysias A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris, mentioned by Strabo, XII, 576, Pliny, V, 29, Ptolemy, V, 2, 23, Hierocles, and the "Notitiae episcopatuum", probably founded by Antiochus the Great about 200 B.C. Some of its coins are still extant. Ramsay (Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, 754) traces its original site from still existing ruins between the villages of Oinan and Aresli in the plain of Oinan, a little northeast of Lake Egerdir, in the vilayet of Konia. Lequien (Oriens christianus, I, 845) names three bishops of Lysias suffragans of Synnada: Theagenes, present at the Council of Sardica, 344; Philip, at Chalcedon 451; and Constantine, at Constantinople, 879. Transcribed by Thomas M. Barrett Dedicated to the Christians of the Lysias region The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IX Nihil Obstat, October 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, Censor Imprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York If an ad appears here that contradicts Catholic teachings, please click here to notify the webmaster. Praise Jesus Christ in His Angels and in His Saints New Advent is dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary

64. Ptolemy --  Encyclopædia Britannica ptolemy an Egyptian astronomer, mathematician, and geographer of Greek descentwho flourished in Alexandria during the 2nd century AD;. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9061778

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Astronomer Mathematician Geographer Additional Reading ... Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Ptolemy  Encyclopædia Britannica Article Page 1 of 5 born c. AD died c. AD Latin in full Claudius Ptolemaeus an Egyptian astronomer, mathematician, and geographer of Greek descent who flourished in Alexandria during the 2nd century AD . In several fields his writings represent the culminating achievement of Greco-Roman science , particularly his geocentric (Earth-centred) model of the universe now known as the Ptolemaic system Ptolemy...

65. Encyclopaedia Of The Orient King of Egypt and third in the dinasty. During his reign the control over Cyrenaica was strengthened, and also invaded Syria. http://i-cias.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct.pl?ptolemy_3.htm

66. Egypt: Rulers, Kings And Pharaohs Of Ancient Egypt: Ptolemy I (Soter I) Egypt ptolemy I Soter, the First King of Ancient Egypt s Ptolemaic Dynasty. http://www.touregypt.net/32dyn01.htm

Ptolemy I (Soter I) 323-285 B.C. Ptolemaic Dynasty Upon the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, the throne of Egypt fell to Ptolemy I, the son of Lagus. He was a veteran soldier and trusted commander who had served Alexander. He started the Ptolemaic Dynasty, which lasted about 300 years. He ran Egypt like a business, strictly for profit. One of the few surviving works of Ptolemy I Soter is the temple of Kom Abu Billo, which was dedicated to Hathor "Mistress of Mefket". Return to Egypt Home Page Design, Layout and Graphic Art by Jimmy Dunn , an InterCity Oz, Inc. Employee

67. Encyclopaedia Of The Orient King of Egypt who was characterized by military defeats in Syria, as well as upheavals in Egypt. http://i-cias.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct.pl?ptolemy_4.htm

68. Egypt: Rulers, Kings And Pharaohs Of Ancient Egypt: Ptolemy II Philadelphus Egypt ptolemy II Philadelphus, The Second King of Egypt s Greek Period. http://www.touregypt.net/32dyn02.htm

Ptolemy II Philadelphus 282-246 B.C. Ptolemaic Dynasty Ptolemy II Philadelphus, which means 'Brother/Sister-loving', was the second ruler of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. His construction efforts included that of building the canal that linked the Nile to the Gulf of Suez. He was married to his full sister Arsinoe II. He also began a tradition of a four-yearly celebration to honor his father. It was intended to have a status equal to the Olympic games. According to the "Letter of Aristeas", Ptolemy II requested 70 Jewish scholars come from Jerusalem to translate the Pentateuch into a Greek version to be placed into the Great Library collection. He died on January 29, 246 BC. Return to Egypt Home Page Design, Layout and Graphic Art by Jimmy Dunn , an InterCity Oz, Inc. Employee

69. Encyclopaedia Of The Orient King of Egypt, fifth in the Dinasty. 210181 BCE. http://i-cias.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct.pl?ptolemy_5.htm

70. Ptolemy (about 85-165 AD) Claudius Ptolemaeus Pelusiniensis (ptolemy) lived in Alexandria, Section onptolemy p. 261263. Reprinted in The Search for the Nebulae. http://www.seds.org/messier/xtra/Bios/ptolemy.html

Ptolemy (about 85-165 AD) Claudius Ptolemaeus Pelusiniensis (Ptolemy) lived in Alexandria, Egypt approximately 85-165 AD or 87-150 AD, and worked there as philosopher, astronomer (and astrologer), mathemetician and geographer. He was of Greek origin. He created a number of monumental and epochal works, above all the Mathematical Syntaxis ("Megale Syntaxas tes Astronomias", Great Syntaxas of Astronomy), which became the foundation of more than a millennium's astronomy, and is better known as Almagest Ptolemy, ca. 130 AD ). This work bound astronomical thinking in the western as well as the arabic world to geocentrism, but also gave positions of the "fixed" stars, and 48 constellations still used today. Other publications include his Geography , an early work of cartography and geography, and the astrological work Tetrabiblos Within Almagest , he lists seven nebulous objects, 3 of which are asterisms, but 4 are real deepsky objects; these are all open clusters. Two of them, Praesepe (M44) and the Double Cluster in h and Chi ... in Perseus , have been taken from Hipparchus, but the other two are new: the Coma Berenices Star Cluster (Mel 111) and "A Nebula behind the Sting of Scorpius", actually open star cluster

71. Encyclopaedia Of The Orient King of Egypt that endured attacks from the country neighbors. He lived at the start of the internal conflicts that broke the Ptolemaic dynasty. http://i-cias.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct.pl?ptolemy_6.htm

72. Jade Environmental Noise Monitoring Software ptolemy Services produces Jade software for monitoring environmental noise.Convert almost any lowcost sound level meter into a data logger using a PC with http://www.ptolserv.com/

Home Jade Download Accessories ... About Us Jade 2 Environmental Noise Monitoring Software Ptolemy Services produces Jade noise software for monitoring environmental noise. Jade converts almost any low-cost sound level meter into a data logger using a PC with a standard sound card. Jade will work with a variety of meters from manufacturers such as CEL, Cirrus Research, Bruel and Kjaer, Onno Sokki and others. We also supply sound level meters, calibrators and related accessories . We have an international perspective and supply the acoustics community world-wide. Jade 2 captures noise data using the AC output from a sound level meter direct to your PC. No special hardware is required - other than a cable! :-) Click here for more information about Jade Available now: Jade 2.65 All the features of Jade 2.4, plus improved support for embedded sound cards (for portable PC users) and Windows XP. Jade 2.65 is a no-charge upgrade for existing registered users of Jade 2.4 or later. Also available: Jade 2.65 viewing-only version This lower cost version of Jade contains chart viewing, note editing and export facilities only (not data capture). Ideal if you need an extra version of Jade to view data on another computer.

73. Encyclopaedia Of The Orient One of the last kings of the Ptolemaic dynasty.. He got aid from the Romans in order to control his country. http://i-cias.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct.pl?ptolemy_11.htm

74. Rosetta - Ptolemy Home Page http://ptolemy.open.ac.uk/frames.htm

75. Encyclopaedia Of The Orient King of Egypt that is most known for his attempt to remove his sister Cleopatra from her position. http://i-cias.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct.pl?ptolemy_12.htm

76. Claudius Ptolemy We know very little of ptolemy s life. His name, Claudius ptolemy, is of coursea mixture of the Greek Egyptian ptolemy and the Roman Claudius . http://www.stetson.edu/~efriedma/periodictable/html/Pm.html

Claudius Ptolemy We know very little of Ptolemy's life. His name, Claudius Ptolemy, is of course a mixture of the Greek Egyptian "Ptolemy" and the Roman "Claudius". This would indicate that he was descended from a Greek family living in Egypt and that he was a citizen of Rome. Ptolemy definitely made astronomical observations from Alexandria in Egypt during the years from 127 to 141. We suspect his teacher was Theon of Smyrna, who was both an observer and a mathematician who had written on astronomical topics such as conjunctions, eclipses, occultations and transits. The earliest, and perhaps most important of Ptolemy's work that has survived is the Almagest , a treatise in 13 books. It gives in detail the mathematical theory of the motions of the Sun, Moon, and planets. Ptolemy made his most original contribution by presenting details for the motions of each of the planets. His theories were not superseded until a century after Copernicus presented his heliocentric theory in 1543. Ptolemy first of all justifies his description of the universe based on the earth-centred system described by Aristotle. It is a view of the world based on a fixed earth around which the sphere of the fixed stars rotates every day, this carrying with it the spheres of the sun, moon, and planets. Ptolemy used geometric models to predict the positions of the sun, moon, and planets, using combinations of circular motion known as epicycles. Having set up this model, Ptolemy then goes on to describe the mathematics which he needs in the rest of the work. In particular he introduces trigonometrical methods based on the chord function.

77. Encyclopaedia Of The Orient King of Egypt. He is sometimes presented as ptolemy 8 since there was a brief period where his nephew was king. http://i-cias.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct.pl?ptolemy_7.htm

78. Ptolemy I Soter ptolemy I Soter (367282) friend and biographer of the Macedonian One ofthe anecdotes about Alexander s youth presents ptolemy in exactly this http://www.livius.org/ps-pz/ptolemies/ptolemy_i_soter.htm

home index ancient Greece ancient Egypt ... Diadochi Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy I Soter Ny Carlsberg Glyptoteket Ptolemy I Soter (367-282): friend and biographer of the Macedonian conqueror Alexander the Great , after his death king of Egypt, founder of the the Ptolemaic dynasty, one of the Diadochi Early career Ptolemy was born in 367 as the son of a Macedonian nobleman named Lagus and a woman named Arsinoe, who may or may not have belonged to a minor branch of the Macedonian dynasty. Their son is called a youth friend of Alexander, but being older than the crown prince, his role can perhaps better be interpreted as that of some sort of adviser. One of the anecdotes about Alexander's youth presents Ptolemy in exactly this function: after the battle of Chaeronea (338), in which Alexander's father Philip defeated the Greeks, Ptolemy advised Alexander to intervene in a marriage alliance concluded by Philip between his son Arridaeus and the daughter of the satrap of Caria Pixodarus . The result of Alexander's intervention was a disaster and the Macedonian king ordered Ptolemy to give his advise henceforth outside Macedonia. The exiled man did not return until Alexander had become king in the autumn of 336. Early career Rise to power King of Egypt Historian Persepolis: the Gate of all nations Ptolemy probably took part in Alexander's Persian campaign from the very beginning, in 334. There is one casual reference to a Ptolemy who was present during the northern campaign of 335, but we are not certain whether this refers to the son of Lagus or another Ptolemy. However this may be, the son of Lagus certainly took part in the battle of Issus in November 333 and joined Alexander's journey to the oracle of

79. The Ptolemy III Chronicle (BCHP 11) BCHP 11* The ptolemy III Chronicle (obverse) (British Museum).**. The Chronicleconcerning the invasion of ptolemy III (the ptolemy III Chronicle ; http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-ptolemy_iii/bchp_ptolemy_iii_01.html

home index ancient Mesopotamia Babylonian Chronicles The Ptolemy III Chronicle (BCHP 11 BCHP 11 : The Ptolemy III Chronicle (obverse) (British Museum). The Chronicle concerning the invasion of Ptolemy III (the "Ptolemy III Chronicle"; BCHP 11 ) is one of the historiographical texts from ancient Babylonia . It tells how king Ptolemy III Euergetes invaded Mesopotamia and laid siege to Babylon in 246/245 BCE. For a very brief introduction to the literary genre of chronicles, go here The cuneiform tablet (BM 34428) is in the British Museum . On this website, a new reading is proposed by Bert van der Spek of the Free University of Amsterdam (Netherlands) and Irving Finkel of the British Museum. Please notice that this is a preliminary version of what will be the chronicle's very first edition. This web publication is therefore intended to invite suggestions for better readings, comments and interpretations (go here to contact Van der Spek). Babylonian Chronicles Description Text and translation General commentary Summary Commentary obverse Commentary reverse ... Literature BCHP 11 : The Ptolemy III Chronicle (reverse) (British Museum).

80. World Almanac For Kids ptolemy was probably born in Greece, but his actual name, Claudius Ptolemaeus, ptolemy’s earliest and most famous treatise, originally written in Greek, http://www.worldalmanacforkids.com/explore/space/ptolemy.html

EXPLORE ANIMALS ENVIRONMENT HISTORICAL BIRTHDAYS ... home PTOLEMY (about ad The Almagest. top al-Majisti (Great Work). In Europe, medieval Latin translations reproduced the title as Almagesti, and it has since become known simply as the Almagest. In this work, Ptolemy proposed a geometric theory to account mathematically for the apparent motions and positions of the planets, sun , and moon against the background of fixed stars. He began by accepting the generally held theory that the earth did not move but was at the center of the system. The planets and stars, moving eternally, were considered (for philosophical reasons) to move in perfectly circular orbits. He then elaborated on the theory in an attempt to account for such astronomical puzzles as the periodically retrograde (backward) motions of the planets and periodic variations in size or brightness of the moon and planets. Copernicus retained an elaborate system of epicycles. Other Works. top Ptolemy also contributed substantially to mathematics by advancing the study of trigonometry, and he applied his theories to the construction of astrolabes and sundials. In his Tetrabiblos

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