61. CV With WW Fortenbaugh, Lyco of Troas and Hieronymus of rhodes Text, Translation, posidonius and FirstCentury Stoicism. Conference on Post-Hellenistic http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~sawhite/CV.html

Stephen A. White Associate Professor of Classics and Philosophy Department of Classics Email: sawhite@uts.cc.utexas.edu University of Texas at Austin Phone: 512-475-7457 1 University Station C3400 Fax: 512-471-4111 Austin, Texas 78712-0308 Education Ph.D. Classics University of California, Berkeley - 1987 M.A. Classics University of Illinois, Urbana - l980 B.A. Philosophy University of Illinois, Urbana - l978 Academic Appointments Associate Professor of Classics, University of Texas (1995-date) Assistant Professor of Classics, University of Texas (1988-95) Assistant Professor of Classics, Carleton College (1987-8, tenure track) Grants and Fellowships Vaughan Faculty Fellowship, University of Texas (2003-4) Dean's Fellowship in Liberal Arts, University of Texas (Spring 2000) University Research Institute, University of Texas (Fall 1996) Roy Vaughan Centennial Professorship, University of Texas (Summer 1994) Member of Institute for Advanced Studies, Princeton, NJ (1990-92) University Research Institute, University of Texas (Summer 1991) ACLS Fellowship for Recent Recipients of the Ph.D. (1990-1)

62. A History Of Science Volume I - Part II posidonius, we may note in passing, was a contemporary and friend of Cicero star which barely rose above the southern horizon at rhodes as compared with http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/sci/history/AHistoryofScienceVolume

A History of Science Volume I by Henry Smith Williams Terms Contents BOOK I Chapter I ... Chapter XI Part II Strabo the Geographer he earliest of these workers in point of time is Strabo. This most famous of ancient geographers was born in Amasia, Pontus, about 63 B.C., and lived to the year 24 A.D., living, therefore, in the age of Caesar and Augustus, during which the final transformation in the political position of the kingdom of Egypt was effected. The name of Strabo in a modified form has become popularized through a curious circumstance. The geographer, it appears, was afflicted with a peculiar squint of the eyes, hence the name strabismus, which the modern oculist applies to that particular infirmity. " 'Lifted up on the vast wave he quickly beheld afar.' Sailors as they approach their destination behold the shore continually raising itself to their view, and objects which had at first seemed low begin to lift themselves. Our gnomons, also, are, among other things, evidence of the revolution of the heavenly bodies, and common-sense at once shows us that if the depth of the earth were infinite such a revolution could not take place."[1] 1 (p. 258). The Geography of Strabo, translated by H. C. Hamilton and W. Falconer, 3 vols., London, 1857, Vol. I, pp. 19, 20.

63. ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY: The Ethical Period spend time in Athens studying again with the Epicureans and the Platonists,and continued his studies in rhodes with posidonius, the Stoic philosopher. http://radicalacademy.com/adiphilethical2.htm

Adventures in Philosophy ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY Select a Category... Ancient Philosophy Medieval Philosophy Modern Philosophy Recent Philosophy American Philosophy Islamic Philosophy Jewish Philosophy Political Philosophy Eastern Philosophy Academy Resources Glossary of Philosophical Terms Philosophy Search Engine Timeline of Philosophy A Timeline of American Philosophy ... Books about Religion in The Radical Academy Bookstore Shop Amazon Stores in the Radical Academy Bookstore Magazine Outlet Music Store Video Store ... Baby Superstore Win $100 Worth Of Books! Click Here for Powell's Books FREE newsletter and you may win $100 worth of books. Select: Cicero Lucian of Samosata Seneca Musonius Rufus ... Marcus Aurelius The Ethical Period The Greco-Roman Moralists Cicero (106-43 B.C.)

64. Philosophy At The University Of Edinburgh posidonius on the growing argument , in rhodes, Twenty Four Centuries, (AthensThe Academy of Athens, 1996) 113122. The nature of the good moral agent , http://www.philosophy.ed.ac.uk/staff/scaltsas.html

University Home Page Philosophy skip navigation menu Philosophy Home Staff ... PPLS Theodore Scaltsas Contact Dept of Philosophy George Square Edinburgh Tel: +44 (0)131 650 3649 Fax: +44 (0)131 650 6539 scaltsas@ed.ac.uk Theodore Scaltsas (B.S. (Duke), M.A. (Brandeis), D.Phil. (Oxford)) joined the department in 1984, having previously he held a lectureship at New College, Oxford, 1980-84. In 1995 he was promoted to Reader, and in 1999 to a personal chair as Professor of Ancient Philosophy. He is the creator and director of Project Archelogos . He has held Research Fellowships at Harvard and Princeton Universities, and his publications are on ancient philosophy and contemporary metaphysics. His most recent book-length publication is An Argument Analysis of Aristotle's On Generation and Corruption Research Interests Ancient Philosophy and Contemporary Metaphysics, especially Parts and Wholes.

65. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Stoics And Stoic Philosophy and of posidonius, (13540) who transferred the school to rhodes, posidonius at once a savant, historian, geographer, mathematician, astronomer and http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14299a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... S > Stoics amd Stoic Philosophy A B C D ... Z Stoics amd Stoic Philosophy The Stoic School was founded in 322 B.C. by Zeno of Cittium and existed until the closing of the Athenian schools (A.D. 429), (it took the name from the Stoa poikile , the painted hall or colonnade in which the lectures were held.) Its history may be divided into three parts: (1) Ancient Stoicism Middle Stoicism New Stoicism (1) Ancient Stoicism (322-204) eimarmene, logos ); Zeus, or providence, the eternal principle of finality adapting all other things to the needs of rational beings; the law determining the natural rules that govern the society of men and of the gods; the artistic fire, the expression of the active force which produced the world one, perfect, and complete from the beginning, with which it will be reunited through the universal conflagration, following a regular and ever recurring cycle. The popular gods are different forms of this force, described allegorically in myths. This view of nature is the basis for the optimism of the Stoic moral system; confidence in the instinctive faculties, which, in the absence of a perfect knowledge of the world, ought to guide man's actions; and again, the infallible wisdom of the sage, which Chrysippus tries to establish by a dialectic derived from Aristotle and the Cynics. But this optimism requires them to solve the following problems: the origin of the passions and the vices; the conciliation of fate and liberty; the origin of evil in the world. On the last two subjects they propounded, all the arguments that were advanced later up to the time of Leibniz.

66. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Eclecticism among the Stoics by Boethus, Panetius of rhodes, (about 180110 BC),posidonius (about 50 BC), and later on by the neo-Cynics, Demetrius and Demonax http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05276a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... E > Eclecticism A B C D ... Z Eclecticism (Gr. ek, legein ; Lat. eligere , to select) A philosophical term meaning either a tendency of mind in a thinker to conciliate the different views or positions taken in regard to problems, or a system in philosophy which seeks the solution of its fundamental problems by selecting and uniting what it regards as true in the various philosophical schools. In the first sense, eclecticism is a characteristic of all the great philosophers, with special development in some, such as Leibniz; an element of the integral method of philosophy more or less emphasized in the divers schools. The term eclectics , however, is properly applied to those who accept Eclecticism as the true and fundamental system of philosophy. It is with Eclecticism in this strict sense that we are dealing here. As a rule, in the history of philosophy, Eclecticism follows a period of scepticism. In presence of conflicting doctrines regarding nature, life, and God , the human mind despairs of attaining scientific and exact knowledge about these important subjects. Eclecticism then aims at constructing a system broad and vague enough to include, or not to exclude, the principles of the divers schools, though giving at times more importance to those of one school, and apparently sufficient to furnish a basis for the conduct of life. In the latter period of Greek philosophy, during the two centuries preceding the Christian Era and the three centuries following, Eclecticism is represented among the Epicureans by Asclepiades of Bithynia; among the Stoics by Boethus, Panetius of Rhodes, (about 180-110

67. The Practical Surveyor - Research posidonius, Egypt and rhodes, 100 BC, 4389.4. Abelseda, Arabia, 827, 3804.6.Albazen, Arabia, 1100, 3774.4. Fernal, France, 1528, 4006.9 http://www.orbitals.com/books/tps/research.html

The Practical Surveyor Research Institutions In researching information related to The Practical Surveyor , the following institutions were helpful. The New York State Library , for the first and second editions of Wyld's book on microfilm, and for the use of various other reference materials. The Boston Public Library , for allowing access to a first edition of The Practical Surveyor in their Rare Books room. The Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Library , for general reference and a somewhat battered fourth edition of the book. The New York State Museum , for access to the Charles E. Smart collection of surveying instruments. Radius of the Earth In Mr. Wyld's book, he provides a first-order Taylor series expansion to approximate the effects of the Earth's curvature on level measurements. In this formula, the radius of the Earth is taken to be a value of 3992 miles. This is neither the modern value nor exactly any of the values that were calculated by geodecists that preceded Samuel Wyld. Although it is possible the Mr. Wyld produced this formula himself, I believe it to be more likely that he copied it from another source. I would like to locate the original source and the original radius measurement. In modern geodesy, the Earth is approximated as an oblate spheroid, also referred to as an ellipsoid. The WGS1984 ellipsoid uses an equatorial radius of 6378137 meters (3963.19 miles), and a polar radius of 6356752 meters (3949.90 miles). Historically, although the Earth was suspected of not being spherical, no measurements had yet been made with sufficient accuracy to verify in what way it varied from a sphere.

68. Blackwell Synergy - Cookie Absent posidonius, whose major astronomical works are lost, was in rhodes (see that posidonius probably the most brilliant mind behind the rhodes school http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1468-4004.2000.41610.x

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69. Literary Encyclopedia: Cicero, Marcus Tullius Cicero’s tour of Greece and Asia Minor (7977) included studies with Antiochusin Athens and in rhodes with the Stoic posidonius. http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=884

70. Eratho About a century later, posidonius copied this feat, using the star Canopus ashis light source and the cities of rhodes and Alexandria as his baseline. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/hawking/cosmostar/html/cstars_eratho.html

ERATOSTHENES T he man who first measured the world, the Greek astronomer Eratosthenes (c. 276-196 B.C.), lived in Alexandria during the 3rd century B.C. He noticed that on the first day of summer in Syene (now Aswan), Egypt, the Sun appeared directly overhead at noon. At the same time in Alexandria, however, the Sun appeared slightly south (about 7 degrees) of the zenith. Knowing the distance between Syene and Alexandria and assuming that the Sun’s rays were parallel when they struck the curved Earth, he calculated the size of our planet using simple geometry. His result, about 25,000 miles for the circumference, proved remarkably accurate. Eratosthenes wasn’t the only Greek who tried to measure the Earth. About a century later, Posidonius copied this feat, using the star Canopus as his light source and the cities of Rhodes and Alexandria as his baseline. Although his technique was sound, he had the wrong value for the distance between Rhodes and Alexandria, so his circumference came out too small. Ptolemy recorded this smaller figure in his geography treatise, where it was seized upon by Renaissance explorers looking for a quicker way to the Indies. Had Ptolemy used Eratosthenes’ larger figure instead, Columbus might never have sailed west. Home Cosmological Stars PBS Online Thirteen Online ... Flat-Earth Universe

71. RHODES LA PETITE JERUSALEM Translate this page de deux grands intellectuels grecs, qui vécurent longtemps à rhodes posidonius,philosophe stoïcien, et le célèbre Apollonius, poète et grammairien. http://sefarad.realroot.com/lm/040/4.html

RHODES LA PETITE JERUSALEM DE LA MYTHOLOGIE A LA FIN DU MOYEN-AGE SOUS L'EMPIRE OTTOMAN pour chasser le "mauvais esprit" (3) suppliant de quitter l'esprit du malade. Retour au sommaire

72. Giocchino Jack Urso: The Antikythera Mechanism posidonius was from island of rhodes, where the Antikythera Mechanism is thoughtto originate. The technology behind the Antikythera Mechanism stems from http://home.nycap.rr.com/mismedia/Urso_Antikythera Mechanism.htm

The Antikythera Mechanism: A Relic of Ancient Greek Science By Jack Urso In 1901 corroded bronze relics were found in a shipwreck discovered off the island of Antikythera near Greece. For years the significance of the find went unnoticed until 1959 when Dr. Derek De Solla Price of Yale University published a paper in Scientific American . At first the three pieces of corroded bronze seem unremarkable, except for a similarity to modern clockwork. As for its purpose, archeologists were as mystified as the sponge divers who first discovered it in the blue waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Through the corrosion Price could identify gears around a large main plate. At first sight it was thought to be some sort of astrolabe. Years of research, however, would reveal a far more complicated device. The Technology X-ray photographs revealed sliding circular plates marked with scales of measurement. Scientists have dated the construction of the mechanism to around 87 BCE and the shipwreck circa 76 BCE. Closer examination by Price revealed it to be a complicated mechanical device comprised of 32 gears, including a differential gear; technology thought not to have existed before 13th century Europe. The mechanism, as it originally appeared, was set in a wooden rectangular box slightly larger than an 8½ by 11-inch sheet of paper. A hinged cover protected the front and back of the device and a handle on the side turned the gearworks of the mechanism. Directions in Greek, now barely visible, were inscribed on every available surface.

73. Astrology And Religion Among The Greeks And Romans: Lecture III. The Disseminati The almost total loss of the works of posidonius prevents us from appreciating In his school at rhodes he had long been the master of the masters of the http://www.sacred-texts.com/astro/argr/argr08.htm

Sacred Texts Sky Lore Classics Index ... Next p. 42 LECTURE III. The Dissemination in the West We have seen the "Pan-Babylonist" mist, which obscured the historical horizon, vanish before the breath of criticism. It is not the fact that thousands of years before our era the Chaldeans constructed a learned and profound cosmology, which established its authority over all surrounding peoples. But their share in the intellectual and religious development of antiquity remains none the less most considerable. They are the creators of chronology and astronomy. They contrived to enlarge their theology progressively in order to keep it in harmony with their new conception of the world, and their astrology was regarded as the method of divination par excellence . Their conquests in the realm of science won such prestige for their beliefs that they spread from the Far East to the Far West, and even now their sway has not been wholly overthrown. In mysterious ways they penetrated as far as India, China, and Indo-China, where divination by means of the stars is still practised at the present day, and reached perhaps even the primitive centres of American civilisation. In the opposite direction they spread to Syria, to Egypt, and over the whole Roman world, where their influence was to prevail up to the fall of paganism and lasted through the Middle Ages up to the dawn of modern times. It is this dissemination throughout the West that we shall rapidly describe in this lecture. The exchange of religious ideas between the two rival empires of the valleys of the Euphrates and the Nile undoubtedly goes back, like their political relations, to a very remote antiquity. In the fifteenth century before our era, at the moment whenas the Tell-el-Amarna tablets showBabylonian was the diplomatic language of the whole East, and

74. Scaltsas 1996 posidonius on the Growing Argument , in rhodes, Twenty Four Centuries,published by the Academy of Athens (Athens), pp. 113122. http://archelogos.com/xml/authors/Scaltsas.htm

Curriculum Vitae of Theodore Scaltsas Authoring the Analysis Aristotle's On Generation and Corruption for Project Archelogos CONTACT INFORMATION Professor Theodore Scaltsas, Philosophy Department, University of Edinburgh, David Hume Tower, George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JX Scotland UK Tel: 0131 650 3649 Fax: 0131 650 6539 Email: Scaltsas@ed.ac.uk PUBLICATIONS Books Authored: Argument Analysis of Aristotle’s On Generation and Corruption , published by Project Archelogos, at: http://www.archelogos.com/ , 53k words. Substances and Universals in Aristotle’s Metaphysics , Cornell University Press; Ithaca and London; pp. 258; ISBN: 0-8014-3003-8. The Golden Age of Virtue: Aristotle’s Ethics , Alexandria Press, Athens; pp. 163; ISBN 960-221-073-7. (Academy of Athens Philosophical Award, 1988, and Seeger Research Fellowship at Princeton University, 1989.) Books Edited: (1) Forthcoming 2002: The Philosophy of Epictetus , published by the Pierides Foundation and the Municipality of Larnaca, Cyprus. (Co-edited with Andrew Mason; Contributors: K. Algra, J. Annas, J. Cooper, P. Crivelli, M. Erler, M. Frede, K. Ierodiakonou, A. Long, M. Dragona Monachou, M. Schofield, R. Sorabji.) Zeno of Citium , published by the Pierides Foundation and the Municipality of Larnaca, Cyprus. (Co-edited with Andrew Mason; Contributors: Algra, Brunschwig, Erler, Forschner, Hahm, Ierodiakonou, Kidd, Long, Mansfeld, Monachou, Rowe, Schofield, Sedley, Sorabji, Tieleman.)

75. POSIDONIUS - LoveToKnow Article On POSIDONIUS posidonius (c. 13050 BC), nicknamed the Athlete, Stoic philosopher, When hesettled as a teacher at rhodes (hence his surname the Rhodian ) his fame http://32.1911encyclopedia.org/P/PO/POSIDONIUS.htm

POSIDONIUS POSIDONIUS See Zeller, Philosophic der Griechen, iii. I, 570584 (in Eng. trans., Eclecticism, 5670); C. Muller, - Fragnzenta historicorum graecoruln, iii. 245296; J. Bake, Posidonji Rhodji reliquiae (Leiden, 1810), a valuable monograph; R. Scheppig, Dc Posidonio rerum gentium terrarum scriptore (Berlin, 1869); R. Hirzel, Untersuchungen Ia Ciceros philosophischen Schriften, i. 191 seq., ii. 257 seq., 325 seq., 477535, 756789, iii. 342378 (Leipzig, 1877); Thiaucourt, Essai sur les traitis philosophigues de Cicron (Paris, 1885); Schmekel, Die Philosophic der mittlern Stoa (1892); Arnold, Untersuchungen ber Theophanes von Mytilene and Posidonius von Apamea (1882). (See also SToIcs,) POSIDIPPUS POSITIVE (or PORTABLE) ORGAN To properly cite this POSIDONIUS article in your work, copy the complete reference below: "POSIDONIUS." LoveToKnow 1911 Online Encyclopedia. http://32.1911encyclopedia.org/P/PO/POSIDONIUS.htm Links to this article are encouraged. Please use the following format: See: POSIDONIUS at LoveToKnow.

76. Biographie De Cicéron - Histoire Et Géographie Translate this page également par les doctrines artistotélicienne et stoïcienne), de Zénon et dePhèdre (épicuriens) à Athènes, et du savant stoïcien posidonius à rhodes. http://histoireetgeographie.free.fr/index.php?2004/03/07/169-biographie-de-cicer

77. Spinoza Et Nous - Philosophie De L'affirmation - Convergences Et Divergences Ave Translate this page Panétius – ou Panaitios – philosophe stoïcien grec de rhodes, posidonius –ou Posidonios – philosophe stoïcien grec installé à rhodes, http://www.spinozaetnous.org/modules.php?name=Tutoriaux&rop=navig&did=53&eid=140

78. The Round Earth And Christopher Columbus Some writers reported that the Greek posidonius used the greatest height of the island of rhodes further north (near the southwestern tip of Turkey). http://www.iki.rssi.ru/magbase/REFMAN/STARGAZE/Scolumb.htm

(8) The Round Earth and Christopher Columbus Replica of the flagship of Columbus, sailing past the shuttle launch pad on Cape Canaveral. The method of labeling points on the surface of the Earth resembles the one used on the celestial sphere, except that where one measures "declination" and "right ascension" on the celestial sphere, those angles are called " latitude " and " longitude " on the globe of the Earth. "Zero longitude," from which all other values are measured, is the longitude of the Royal Astronomical Observatory in Greenwich, at the eastern edge of London, England. The observatory is now a museum and visitors there are shown a brass ribbon stretching across the yard, marking the line of zero longitude ("zero meridian"). Today it is well known that the Earth is a sphere, or very close to one (its equator bulges out a bit because of the Earth's rotation). When Christopher Columbus proposed to reach India by sailing west from Spain, he too knew that the Earth was round. India was the source of precious spices and other rare goods, but reaching it by sailing east was difficult, because Africa blocked the way. On a round globe, however, it should also be possible to reach India by sailing west, and this Columbus proposed to do (he wasn't the first one to suggest thissee below). Sometimes the claim is made that those who opposed Columbus thought the Earth was flat, but that wasn't the case at all. Even in ancient times sailors knew that the Earth was round and scientists not only suspected it was a sphere, but even estimated its size.

79. Bienvenue Sur Le Site De Bouquins Translate this page rhodes fut colonisée par des Grecs doriens qui fondèrent trois cités-États, et le lieu où son disciple posidonius établit une école de philosophie. http://www.bouquins.tm.fr/extrait.asp?code=2-221-06800-9

80. Cicéron rhodes, il suit ceux du stoïcien posidonius (Poseidoniosdans notre exposé sur le ) , ainsi que le rhéteur Molon. http://fleche.org/lutece/progterm/ciceron/ciceron0.html

les orateurs du temps b - MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO Commentariolum petitionis Pro Sex. Roscio Amerino 2 - de la questure au consulat (75-63): Verines Pro Cluentio pro Murena Cum Senatui gratia egit, Cum Populo gratias egit De Oratore Pro Milone Brutus (De Finibus, Tusculanae Disputationes, De Senectute, en 45, De Officiis Philippiques le Prince

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