61. MSN Encarta - Risultati Della Ricerca - Della Porta Giambattista della porta giambattista della portaFontana del Nettuno (Fotocronache Olympia) http://it.encarta.msn.com/Della_Porta_Giambattista.html

fdbkURL="/encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=Della+Porta+Giambattista#bottom"; errmsg1="Please select a rating."; errmsg2="Please select a reason for your rating."; MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Migliora la tua esperienza con Encarta Cerca in Encarta Riservato agli iscritti a MSN Encarta Premium. Iscriviti ora! Ricerca in Encarta per ' Della Porta Giambattista' Articoli Della Porta, Giambattista Della Porta, Giambattista (Vico Equense, Napoli 1535 - Napoli 1615), filosofo, scienziato e letterato italiano. Ricevuta un'educazione privata da... ... In linguistica i dialetti sono considerati lingue a tutti gli effetti: hanno una fonetica, una grammatica, un lessico e meccanismi semantici, e... Tutti i risultati in Articoli (250) Multimedia Giambattista Vico Della Porta: Fontana del Nettuno ... Porta Uzeda, Catania Tutti i risultati in Multimedia (21) MSN Encarta Premium Altri risultati per "Della Porta Giambattista" 51 risultati in MSN Encarta 271 risultati in MSN Encarta Premium Fai clic qui per iscriverti ora! Pubblicit  document.write('');

62. Tag 240 240 10 a Missal (Dominican) 100 1 a porta, giambattista della, d 1535?1615.240 10 a Duoi fratelli rivali. l English Italian 245 14 a Gli duoi http://130.15.161.74/techserv/cat/Sect05/2XX/240.html

Uniform Title TAG IND 1 IND 2 Subfield Codes Notes This field contains the uniform title when the record also has a name as the main entry. The field, therefore, is used only in conjunction with a field or . When a uniform title is used as the main entry heading, it is input in field Do not display uniform title Display uniform title Local usage only; title added entry [OBSOLETE] Conventional uniform title; title added entry [OBSOLETE] Number of characters ignored in filing a Uniform title d Date of treaty f Date of a work g Miscellaneous information h General material designation k Form subheading l Language m Medium or performance for music n Number of part/section o Arranged statement for music p Name of part/section r Key for music s Version See also the sections on Provisional Records at Queen's Examples: Created: 14/11/96 Updated:

63. Schneider, Hilke Translate this page physiognomy, John Baptist porta, giambattista della porta, De Humana Physiognomia,human physiognomy. Sachgruppe der DNB 33 Medizin http://tumb1.biblio.tu-muenchen.de/publ/diss/me/2003/schneider.html

Schneider, Hilke Physiognomic face types in Giambattista Della Portas work ´De Humana Physiognomia´ analyzed with modern software for cephalometric evaluation Thesis Filetyp: PDF (.pdf) Size: 14774 Kb Physiognomie, Della Porta, Physiognomik, Mensch - Tier - Vergleich, De Humana Physiognomia, Gesichtstypen physiognomy, John Baptist Porta, Giambattista Della Porta, De Humana Physiognomia, human physiognomy Sachgruppe der DNB 33 Medizin Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 2003-03-19 Abstract in English Physiognomies from Giambattista Della Porta's work ´De Humana Physiognomia´ (1601) were analyzed with modern kephalometric software. These face types, illustrated in one of the most significant works of physiognomy, were evaluated for the first time based on scientific examination with a combined orthodontic - maxillofacial measuring procedure. They could be assigned to specific medical classifications; some physiognomies could be classified in craniofacial syndromes. Abstract in Deutsch Betreuer Gutachter Horch, H.-H.; Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. Dr. h.c. (UMF Temeschburg) Gutachter Neumeier, D.; Univ.-Prof. Dr.

64. MedHist: The Gateway To Internet Resources For The History Of Medicine Natural Magick (Magiae naturalis) by giambattista della porta. An online versionof Natural Magick by giambattista della porta, transcribed from the 1658 http://medhist.ac.uk/browse/mesh/D018645.html

low graphics The gateway to Internet resources for the History of Medicine Top Locality Ancient Lands Greek World Greek World "I swear by Apollo Physician..." : Greek medicine from the Gods to Galen This online exhibition from the History of Medicine Division at the U.S. National Library of Medicine provides an introduction to the subject of Greek medicine, through concentrating on principle figures such as Galen, Aristotle, Hippocrates and Dioscorides. The sections give brief biographical portraits of each of these individuals, along with images of their works and other miscellany. These features can all be clicked onto and enlarged for closer examination. There is also a timeline and brief bibliography of works for further reading. History, Ancient Greek World Exhibitions [Publication Type] Bibliography ... c. 1137 An online version of Adelard of Bath: The Impact of Muslim Science - Preface to His Very Difficult Natural Questions, [Dodi Ve-Nechdi] c. 1137, provided as part of the Medieval Sourcebook, which is a collection of public domain and copy-permitted texts related to medieval and Byzantine history, edited by Paul Halsall of Fordham University. Philosophy Greek World Books Arab World ... by Giambattista della Porta An online version of Natural Magick by Giambattista della Porta, transcribed from the 1658 English Edition, and printed for Thomas Young and Samual Speed. The text chronicles the origins of ancient magic (also referred to as 'the natural sciences'), the definition of a magician throughout history and across cultures, magic's medicinal applications, plus miscellaneous material under chapter headings such as "Of the Generation of Animals", "Of the Production of New Plants", "Of Changing Metals", and "Of Physical Experiments". According to

65. Intro giambattista della porta’s comedy La Trappolaria (an adaption of Plautus’ Pseudolus)was first printed at Bergamo in 1596, with subsequent editions issued http://www.philological.bham.ac.uk/trappolaria/intro.html

INTRODUCTION Giambattista Della Porta’s comedy La Trappolaria (an adaption of Plautus’ Pseudolus ) was first printed at Bergamo in 1596, with subsequent editions issued at Vinegia (1597), Naples (1613) Ferrara (1615), and Venice (1626 and 1628). It is included in Gennaro Muzio’s Della commedie di Giovanbattista de la Porta Napolitano (Naples, 1726), but not in Vincenzo Spampanato’s incomplete edition of the comedies, Giambattista Della Porta. Lei commedie (Bari, 1910 - 11). In connection with a hypertext critical edition of the 1615 Cambridge comedy I gnoramus by George Ruggle , adapted from La Trappolaria , it is necessary to make readily available the text of the Italian original. I therefore take this opportunity to present a transcription of La Trappolaria as printed in Muzio’s 1726 edition. The reader interested in Della Porta and his comedies is referred to Louise George Clubb, Giambattista Della Porta, Dramatist (Princeton, 1965). La Trappolaria is discussed on pp. 185 - 194.

66. Fred Note 15 Louise George Chubb, giambattista della porta, Dramatist (Princeton, 1965).The play is discussed on pp. 185 94 (with a synopsis on pp. 185f. http://www.philological.bham.ac.uk/ruggle/intronotes.html

NOTES TO THE INTRODUCTION Note 1 For this play see Leonard Hutton (?), Bellum Grammaticale . . . Thomas Snelling, Thibaldus, Sive Vindictae Ignavium, Prepared with an Introduction by Lothar Cerny (Renaissance Latin Drama in England series I.12, Hildesheim - New York, 1982). Note 2 Ignoramus, The Academical Lawyer Note 3 T. H. Motter, School Drama in England (London, 1929) 89, 117, and 227; cf. also Hawkins , lxxvi - lxxviii . Emanating from one of these latter-day performances were the documents edited by George Dyer, An English Prologue and Epilogue to the Latin Comedy of Ignoramus: With a Preface and Notes, Relative to Modern Times and Manners (London, 1797). Two eighteenth century epilogues are also attributed to Vincent Bourne, in the anonymously edited Miscellaneous Poems Consisting of Originals and Translations by Vincent Bourne The Poems of Vincent Bourne (London, 1840) xxxvii f., who points out the source of much of the material in the 1772 volume was taken from the 1730 anthology Lusus Westmonasteriensis (1730) and illegitimately attributed to Bourne.

67. Diagrams Page Italian scientist and mystic giambattista della porta publishes Magia Italian scientist giambattista della porta writes De refractione, optices parte/On http://www.fofweb.com/Subscription/Science/Timeline.asp?SID=2&Topic=Physics

68. The Virtual Kite Zoo: Flat Kites The della porta is amongst the oldest recorded Western kites. In his MagiaeNaturalis of 1589, giambattista della porta describes a flying sayle , http://www.kites.org/zoo/single/flat/flat.html

Flat Kites The simplest possible form of kite just consists of a single sheet of some suitable material, with spars and a bridle to support it. Unfortunately, flat kites are inherently unstable. They can be stabilised by ensuring that most of the drag is generated behind and below the towing point. Several methods may be used singly or in combination: Adding a tail Adding holes or vents towards the rear of the sail Adding a keel Simply arranging for a forward towing point. Tails and vents waste wind energy and so tend to result in a low angle of flight. Vents are rarely used in flat kites. Flat kites generally fly well in light to moderate winds. Classic Diamond The classic diamond kite is probably the best known of all kites, and is a flat kite which needs a tail to fly properly. Many of us have owned one of these in our youth. Sometimes they have a keel which adds a bit of stability and eliminates the need for a bridle. A plan for a classic diamond is given by Pelham Kite Arch If you have the patience to make loads of diamond kites (or get your friends or class-mates to help you), you can attach them all to a single line, equally spaced, and tie the line down at both ends. You then have a spectacular kite arch. Here's a picture (34.5k) which gives you a good idea. A kite train is similar, but with only one end anchored. The

69. *Ø*  Wilson's Almanac Free Daily Ezine | Book Of Days | November 15 | Feast Da giambattista della porta, Italian magus, physician, scientist and playwright who giambattista (John Baptist) della porta 1535 Possible date of birth of http://www.wilsonsalmanac.com/book/nov15.html

Feast day of Feronia, Roman Empire Leopoldstag Sukagawa Taimatsu Giambattista Della Porta magus Great Belzoni Abu Simbel Ellen Keyse murder This page is big! If it fails to load fully, please click Refresh on your browser menu. It's fully loaded when you see the purple menu bar at the foot of the page. reetings from Australia. Welcome to this Red-Letter Day . Below you will find today's global celebrations, birthdays and events. First time here? See the Index for How it works Celebrate each and every day with a free subscription to the daily ezine. You can apply by form or send a blank email Read what the 'Almaniacs' (members) say about Wilson's Almanac I request your support if this website pleases and informs you, as this is my livelihood. Thank you, from the bottom of my fridge. Inquiries from publishers are welcome, but, dear reader, please don't use my work without my written permission . If I've inadvertently used something of yours that you consider not to fall under the fair use doctrine, please tell me and I'll remove it.

70. Art Bulletin, The: DAVID FREEDBERG The Eye Of The Lynx: Galileo, His Friends, An of the Leisurely Ones, to which the Lincean giambattista della porta belonged . But Basile is more explicitly concerned with Galileo, della porta, http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0422/is_1_86/ai_114244258/pg_2

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles Art Bulletin, The March 2004 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Books / Book reviews The Eye of the Lynx: Galileo, His Friends, and the Beginnings of Modern Natural History (Book) / Book reviews Featured Titles for ALAN Review Afterimage American Drama American Music Teacher ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports DAVID FREEDBERG The Eye of the Lynx: Galileo, His Friends, and the Beginnings of Modern Natural History - Book Review Art Bulletin, The March, 2004 by Eileen Reeves Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it.

71. Natural History: The Sharp-eyed Lynx, Outfoxed By Nature: Galileo And Friends Ta giambattista della porta wrote about the. telescope more than thirty years ago in.his Magia naturalis . . . so poor Galileo. will be besmirched. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1134/is_n4_v107/ai_20549274/pg_3

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Advanced Search Home Help IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports 10,000,000 articles - not found on any other search engine. FindArticles Natural History May 1998 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Scientific societies / History Science / History Featured Titles for ASA News ASEE Prism Academe African American Review ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports The sharp-eyed lynx, outfoxed by nature: Galileo and friends taught us that there is more to observing than meets the eye - Column Natural History May, 1998 by Stephen Jay Gould Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Continued from page 2. Stelluti first encountered Galileo in the context of this struggle, and he initially took della Porta's side. In 1610, with della Porta inscribed as a Lynx but Galileo not yet a member, Stelluti wrote a gossipy letter to his brother about the furor generated by Sidereus nuncius and the dubious claims of the pamphlet's author: I believe that by now you must have seen Galileo, he of the Sidereus nuncius. . . .

72. The Spell Binder: Introduction magical enticements) to the gifts of higher things so that astonishingmiracles thereby occur.’ giambattista della porta (15351615), Natural Magick http://www.channel4.com/science/microsites/S/spellbinder/intro_t.shtml

Channel4.com Text Only News Film Homes Life ... Graphical: Channel4 Homepage In our world science and magic are light years apart, but in the Elizabethan world they were commonly one and the same. Discover the subtleties of Elizabethan magic, try your hand at alchemy and test out some age old magical tricks at home. A Brief History of Elizabethan Science and Magic Early Science The earliest records of science come from the ancient Greeks, around 600 BC. Other cultures, such as ancient Babylonians (present day Iraq) and Egyptians were forerunners in technological capability. But, neither of these cultures tried to understand their world outside of their practical needs. We can think of the ancient Greeks as the first scientists because it was they who began to try to understand their world, and advance the first theories. The first rumblings of science and philosophy begin in the Greek provincial cities, and flourished in Athens in the 4th century BC, under the great philosophers Plato and Aristotle. A list of Greek scientific figures from this period is a true celebrity list, even today.

73. The Spell Binder: Introduction There are two sorts of magic the one is infamous, and unhappy, because.giambattista della porta (15351615), Natural Magick Top of page http://www.channel4.com/science/microsites/S/spellbinder/intro.shtml

TV Listings Text Only Site A-Z FourDocs ... GAMES In our world science and magic are light years apart, but in the Elizabethan world they were commonly one and the same. Discover the subtleties of Elizabethan magic, try your hand at alchemy and test out some age old magical tricks at home. Early Science The earliest records of science come from the ancient Greeks, around 600 BC. Other cultures, such as ancient Babylonians (present day Iraq) and Egyptians were forerunners in technological capability. But, neither of these cultures tried to understand their world outside of their practical needs. We can think of the ancient Greeks as the first scientists because it was they who began to try to understand their world, and advance the first theories. The first rumblings of science and philosophy begin in the Greek provincial cities, and flourished in Athens in the 4th century BC, under the great philosophers Plato and Aristotle. A list of Greek scientific figures from this period is a true celebrity list, even today.

74. Della Porta, Giambattista /1535 - 1615/WWW.MLP.CZ Mestská knihovna v Prazeoficiální internetové strány. http://www.mlp.cz/cz/offline/perlie/D/111629.htm

Mìstská knihovna v Praze / Municipal library of Prague Seznam autorit / A list of personages Della Porta, Giambattista /1535 - 1615 (ital. dramatik a pøírodovìdec) Záhlaví: Název OCH Rok Signatura Druh dokumentu Svazky DIGRIN, Zdenìk: Divadlo uèencù a diplomatù S 15426 kniha svazky KRATOCHVÍL, Karel: Ze svìta komedie dell'arte S 13857 kniha svazky Poslední aktualizace: 12.8.2005; Generováno systémem Perlie 1.2

75. Carleton Renaissance Plays, Pietro Aretino, Girolamo Bargagli, Angelo Beolco, Gi giambattista della porta, The Sister Translated with Introduction and Notes byDonald Beecher and Bruno Ferraro. What catharticlike experience is in store http://www.italicapress.com/index131.html

SERIES DESCRIPTION Pietro Aretino, Cortigiana Pietro Aretino, The Marescalco Lodovico Ariosto, Supposes Girolamo Bargagli, The Female Pilgrim (La Pellegrina) Angelo Beolco (Ruzzante), La Moschetta Gian Lorenzo Bernini, The Impresario Giordano Bruno, Candlebearer Annibal Caro, The Scruffy Scoundrels (Gli Straccioni) Giovan Maria Cecchi, The Horned Owl (L'Assiuolo) Giovan Maria Cecchi, The Slave Girl Giambattista Della Porta, The Sister Alessandro Piccolomini, Alessandro Leone De' Sommi, Ebreo, The Three Sisters (Le Tre Sorelle) La Veniexiana Carleton Renaissance Plays in Translation Pietro Aretino, Cortigiana Edited and translated by ISBN:1-895537-70-3 156 pp. Price: $10.00 BUY THIS BOOK Back to Top Pietro Aretino, The Marescalco Edited and translated by A prank played on a stable master by the duke of Mantua provides the context for Aretino's diatribe against the courtly life of the age. ISBN: 0-919473-57-1 149 pp. Price: $8.00

76. A Quixotic Museum: Cervantes And Italian Renaissance Art giambattista della porta s L Arte del Ricordare (The Art of Memory) was publishedonly four years before Cervantes arrival in Naples, a city that viewed http://fathom.lib.uchicago.edu/1/777777122489/

About the Digital Collection: History of Fathom Technical Information Home Browse the Archive ... Search by Keyword A Quixotic Museum: Cervantes and Italian Renaissance Art by Frederick A. de Armas uring the last months of 1569, the 22-year-old Cervantes travels to Italy and enters the service of the soon-to-be Cardinal, Giulio Acquaviva in Rome. Cervantes came to Italy after studying in Madrid with the Spanish humanist Juan Lspez de Hoyos and after writing his first verse compositions, which imitated Garcilaso, using his metrical forms, adjectives and themes. Cervantes' brief humanistic training, and his interest in Garcilaso, who was deeply influenced by the Italian Renaissance, prepares him for an Italian sojourn. It was a Rome teeming with ruins, which impelled humanists and artists of the Renaissance to turn to archeological pursuits, to focus their attention on rediscovering antiquity, finding in the ancients "a powerful impetus to revive the contemporary world in light of its accomplishments." It should come as no surprise, then, that throughout his literary works, Cervantes repeatedly represents a desire for Italy. This desire often takes the form of evocations and descriptions of the art and architecture of the Italian peninsula. In many cases, these moments carry a second, deeper and more concealed aspiration, that of recapturing the ancient world. This desire for Italy is inscribed even in the last text written by Cervantes. In the fourth and last book of the

77. Timeline Of Esoterica giambattista della porta born in Naples. Author of Magia naturalis (Natural Magic) giambattista della porta s Magia Naturalis published; Zohar printed http://www.esotericarchives.com/esotime.htm

Contents esotime Timeline of Esoterica 13th century BCE? Zarathushtra founds Zoroastrianism, the religion of the Magi; Moses founds Judaism; mythical date of Hermes Trismegistus. 10th century BCE Solomon, son of David, King of Israel flourished 4? BCE-33 CE Jesus founds Christianity 1st century CE Apollonius of Tyana flourished 1st to 3rd CE (?) Testament of Solomon composed 100-300 CE composition of Corpus Hermetica 204-270 CE Plotinus, Neoplatonic philosopher and mystic (born in Egypt) 233-305 CE Porphyry, Neoplatonic philosopher and mystic (born in Phoenicia) 250-325 CE Iamblicus , neoplatonic philosopher, was born in Chalcis, Coele-Syria 500 CE (circa) Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite flourished, probably a native of Syria 6th CE Sefer Yetzirah edited 10th CE Sword of Moses composed al-Majriti, author of Picatrix , dies Rome splits from orthodox church, forms Catholic church Michael Scot (Scottish) Roger Bacon (English) Pope Honorius III dies Ramon Llull born (Majorca) Abraham Abulafia, Sicilian Kabbalist, founder of ecstatic Kabbala, born in Saragosa Joseph Gikatilla, Spanish Sephardic Kabbalist, born

78. Porta - Definition Of Porta By The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus And Encyclo Definition of porta in the Online Dictionary. Meaning of porta. What does portamean? porta, Giacomo della porta, giambattista della porta, Giovanni http://www.thefreedictionary.com/porta

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='porta' Your help is needed: American Red Cross The Salvation Army join mailing list webmaster tools Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Computing dictionary Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Columbia encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia porta Also found in: Medical Financial Wikipedia 0.03 sec. Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Thesaurus Legend: Synonyms Related Words Antonyms Noun porta - an aperture or hole opening into a bodily cavity; "the orifice into the aorta from the lower left chamber of the heart" orifice opening vent - external opening of urinary or genital system of a lower vertebrate blastopore - the opening into the archenteron aortic orifice - the orifice from the lower left chamber of the heart to the aorta stoma - a mouth or mouthlike opening (especially one created by surgery on the surface of the body to create an opening to an internal organ) passageway passage - a path or channel or duct through or along which something may pass; "the nasal passages" porta hepatis - opening for major blood vessels to enter and leave the liver spiracle - a breathing orifice mouth - the externally visible part of the oral cavity on the face and the system of organs surrounding the opening; "she wiped lipstick from her mouth"

79. Art, Optics And History: New Light On The Hockney Thesis giambattista della porta, Magiae Naturalis, 1589 (2nd edition) Book XVII, Chapter 6 della porta, giambattista, 1558, Magiae naturalis, sive de miraculis http://shl.stanford.edu/Eyes/hockney/

Art, Optics and History New Light on the Hockney Thesis Michael John Gorman Program in Science, Technology and Society, Stanford University mgorman@stanford.edu Draft – Revised April 26, 2002 According to Hockney’s chronology, around the end of the sixteenth century, painters began to use refractive lenses instead of concave mirrors to project their tracing images. Unlike concave mirrors, convex refractive lenses have the property of reversing left and right, in addition to inverting the image. Hockney points to a sudden increase in the number of left-handed drinkers in paintings executed after the last decade of the 1590s as conspicuous evidence of the shift from mirror to lens, citing paintings by Caravaggio as marking the point of transition from reflection to refraction (convex lenses, unlike concave mirrors, switch left and right) (Hockney, 2001, p. 118) Visual evidence is essential to Hockney’s argument. Playfully, his book is prefaced by a “forged” quotation from art historian Roberto Longhi: “Paintings are primary documents. Archival documents can be faked; critical judgements, not”. Perhaps unsurprisingly, not all of Hockney’s revelations have embraced enthusiastically by the scholarly community. At the colloquium organized by Lawrence Weschler at the New York Humanities Center in December, a number of vociferous critics attacked Hockney’s thesis. Art historians noted that Hockney did not give adequate credit to the significant corpus of previous scholarly work on the use of optical devices including the camera obscura by artists. However, perhaps the most scathing criticisms came not from the historians but from two optical scientists invited to the colloquium, David Stork of Stanford University and Christopher W. Tyler of the Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute (Stork, 2002; Tyler, 2002)

80. Italian People In History della porta, giambattista (15351615) The Magia Naturalis was his firstpublication in 1558, followed five giambattista della porta by Scott Davis http://www.fabrisia.com/people.htm

ITALIAN PEOPLE IN HISTORY Search the Site Home Page An Introduction by Fabrisia Pagan/Witch/Wiccan FAQ's History of Stregheria ... Email me! I decided it would be beneficial to put forth some information on some of the Italians in 'witchcraft' history. A good deal of these people lived during the time of the Holy Inquisition and the 'Malleus Maleficarum'. The 'Malleus Maleficarum' was a guide on how to torture accused witches into confessing to whatever they were accused of. The effects of the Inquisition (which lasted over 250 years) have been felt thru the years. So let's take a quick look at the time period of the Inquisition and those who were accused. The Inquisition was first founded in 1232. During the Inquisition, few, if any, real, verifiable, witches were ever discovered or tried. Often the very accusation was enough to see one branded a witch, tried by the Inquisitors' Court, and burned alive at the stake. Estimates of the death toll during the Inquisition worldwide range from 600,000 to as high as 9,000,000; this is a chilling number when one realizes that nearly all of the accused were women. Those accused were: outcasts, midwives, poets, handicapped, gypsies, herb gatherers, widows and spinsters. Women who had no man to supervise them were of course highly suspicious. Anyone who did not fit within the contemporary view of pieous Christians were suspect, and easily branded 'Witch'. The crime of Witchcraft was not the only crime of which one could be accused during the Inquisition. By questioning any part of Catholic belief, one could be branded a 'heretic'. Scientists were branded heretics by virtue of repudiating certain tenets of Christian belief. Writers who challenged the Church were arrested for heresy. Anyone who questioned the validity of any part of Catholic belief did so at their own risk.

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