21. Scientific Identity: Portraits From The Dibner Library Of The History Of Science Scientist, plucker, julius (1801 1868). Discipline(s), Mathematics ; Physics Portrait of julius plucker ~ Enlarge Image ~ http://www.sil.si.edu/digitalcollections/hst/scientific-identity/CF/by_name_disp

22. Adventures In CyberSound: Plücker, Julius In 1859 whilst establishing an important principle for the future of electronics, the German mathematician and physicist julius plucker discovers that http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/PLUCKER_BIO.html

A D V E N T U R E S in C Y B E R S O U N D In 1859 whilst establishing an important principle for the future of electronics, the German mathematician and physicist Julius Plucker discovers that cathode rays (electrons) are deflected by a magnetic field. Source: Eric's Treasure Trove , German mathematician and physicist who specialized in Analytic Geometry . He presented the logical justification for the Duality Principle in geometry, and published a book about geometry entitled Analytisch-geometrische Entwicklungen Neue Geometrie des Raumes . He worked with Hittorf in investigating Vacuum Tubes Source: http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~eww6n/bios/Plucker.html His work on combinatorics considers Steiner type systems. He also introduced the notion of a ruled surface. In 1847 he turned to physics, accepting the chair of physics at Bonn working on magnetism, electronics and atomic physics. He anticipated Kirchhoff and Bunsen in indicating that spectral lines were characteristic for each chemical substance. In 1865 he returned to mathematics and Klein served as his assistant 1866-1888. Source: http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Plucker.html

23. Adventures In CyberSound julius plucker ( 1801 1868 ). Source http//www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac. uk/~history/index.html Main Index Scientists and Engineers A - F G - Z http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/PLUCKER.html

Julius Plucker ( 1801 - 1868 ) Source: http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/index.html Main Index Scientists and Engineers A - F G - Z ... Personalities

24. AllRefer.com - Julius PlUcker (Mathematics, Biography) - Encyclopedia AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete information on julius plucker, Mathematics, Biographies. Includes related research links. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/P/Plucker.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 07, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Mathematics, Biographies ... Julius PlUcker By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z P Julius PlUcker, Mathematics, Biographies Related Category: Mathematics, Biographies Julius PlUcker [y OO u r] Pronunciation Key Related Categories: People Science and Technology Science and Technology Mathematics ... Biographies More articles from AllRefer Reference on Julius Plucker SITE MAPS Encyclopedia US Gazetteer: US States A-C US States D-H US States I-L US States M ... Countries A-Z Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... Par Web Solutions Site best viewed in 800 x 600 resolution.

25. AllRefer.com - Online Encyclopedia Topics P : Pin - Pl plucker, julius • Plum, city, Pennsylvania • plum, in botany • plumage • Plumb, Sir John Harold • plumbago • plumbing • Plunket, Oliver http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/topics-a-z/P6.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 07, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Encyclopedia Topics A-Z ... Plzen SITE MAPS Encyclopedia US Gazetteer: US States A-C US States D-H US States I-L US States M ... Countries A-Z Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... Par Web Solutions Site best viewed in 800 x 600 resolution.

26. Julius Plucker In 1858 julius Pl?ker noted that when the residual pressure of the gas inside the plucker interpreted the effect of the magnetic field as evidence that http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/history/plucker.html

Julius Plücker The Discovery of the Electron (Julius Plücker) In 1858 Julius Plücker noted that when the residual pressure of the gas inside the cathode-ray tube is very small, the glass at one end of the tube emits light. He also found that he could change the position of the patch of glass that glowed by bringing a magnet close to the tube, as shown in the figure below. Plucker interpreted the effect of the magnetic field as evidence that whatever produced this glow is electrically charged. The rays given off by the cathode can be deflected by a magnetic field in a direction which suggests that these cathode rays are negatively charged. History of Chemistry Experiments Index Scientists Index

27. Science And Society Picture Library - Search julius plucker, German mathematician and physicist, mid 19th century. julius plucker (18011868) is best remembered for his work in analytical geometry. http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10302566&wwwflag=2&imagepos

28. Science And Society Picture Library - Search More results from www.scienceandsociety.co.uk The Discovery of the ElectronA friend of his, the German physicist julius plucker (18011868), used such Geissler tubes for electrical experimentation. plucker had two electrodes sealed http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?x9=PLUCKER, JULIUS

29. Bibliography plucker, julius, 18011868, julius pluckers gesammelte wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen / im Auftrag der Kgl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen http://www.library.cornell.edu/math/bibliography/display.cgi?start=P&

30. The Electron Centennial Page Geissler s friend julius plucker used the pump to evacuate a special kind of tube. Inside the tube were two electrodes. plucker attached one electrode, http://www.dpgraph.com/janine/electron.html

The Electron Centennial Page Contents of this page Smaller than the Atom A Mathematician Turns to Experiment Bullets or Waves? A Surprising Result ... Acknowledgements More particle physics pages A Little Nut: The Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus Nuclear Twins: The Discovery of the Proton and the Neutron Probing the Proton Particle Physics Today ... Back to Janine's Home Page Smaller than the Atom The ladies and gentlemen could not believe what they were hearing. "He's pulling our legs," they thought. The date was Friday, April 30, 1897. The place was the lecture theater of the Royal Institute of Great Britain. The ladies and gentlemen of London had gathered there to hear the latest news from the world of science. By the desk in the center of the theater stood a man with a pince-nez, a straggling mustache, and a receding hairline. He was Joseph John Thomson, director of the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge, and one of the most respected scientists in Great Britain. Earlier that year, Thomson told his audience, he had made a surprising discovery. He had found a particle of matter a thousand times smaller than the atom.

31. Background Of Scientists Involved With Atom Full Name julius plucker; Nationality German; Born 1801; Death1868; Field Physicist. Jump to top Rutherford. Full Name Sir Ernest Rutherford http://www.chemsoc.org/exemplarchem/entries/2004/dublin_fowler/scientists.html

Skip Navigation Home What is Timeline ... About me Background of Scientists Involved with Atom Alvarez Bohr Chadwick Crookes ... Stoney Alvarez Full Name: Luis Walter Alvarez Nationality: American Born: 1911 Death: 1988 Field: Physicist Jump to top Bohr Full Name: Neils (Henrik David) Bohr Nationality: Danish Born: 1885 Death: 1962 Field: Theoretical Physicist Jump to top Chadwick Full Name: Sir James Chadwick Nationality: English Born: 1891 Death: 1974 Field: Physicist Jump to top Crookes Full Name: Sir William Crookes Nationality: English Born: 1832 Death: 1919 Field: Chemist - interested especially in cathode rays Jump to top Dalton Full Name: John Dalton Nationality: English Born: 1766 - exact date of birth not recorded) Death: 1844 Field: Meteorologist and chemical theorist Jump to top Davy Full Name: Sir Humphry Davy Nationality: English Born: 17 December 1778 Death: 1829 Field: Chemist - electrochemistry Jump to top De Broglie Full Name: Prince Louis-Victor Pierre Raymond De Broglie Nationality: French Born: 1892 Death: 1987 Field: Physicist - especially interested in wave nature of particles Jump to top Faraday Full Name: Michael Faraday Nationality: English Born: 1791 Death:1867 Field: Chemist and Physicist Jump to top G.P. Thomson

32. Aargon Neon - "When Virtual Reality Is Not Enough" - History Of Neon In the early 1850 s, working with julius plucker and using glass apparatus that he invented, Geissler ascertained the temperature of water at its maximum http://www.aargon-neon.com/history-of-neon.htm

History of Neon From Geissler to Vegas: A Brief History of Neon. An overview of the history of neon from its beginings in the experimental physics laboratories of the nineteen century to its current commerical and artistic applications. By Bill Concannon Raymond Chandler, The Little Sister, 1949 The transformation of phosphor in an amorphic modification does not happen because of light or heat...,it happens by use of electricity. Heinrich Geissler, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 1874 Neon, that "scarlet whore of the advertising world," has been around in its current commercial and decorative context in this country since the 1920s, but it has its genesis in the nineteenth century experiments of the first "modern" physicists. Neon, first discovered in 1898 by Sir William Ramsey and Morris William Travers, is an element which is the second member of the family of inert or rare gases. Neon also describes a great variety of low-pressure gas-discharge glass tubing displays using various inert gases ionized by a high voltage electrical charge. I will briefly discuss this history and connect neon's origins with its current uses. Following early, eighteenth century attemptssuch as those by Francis Hawksbee and Johann Heinrich Winklerat producing light in glass vessels using static electricity, the first modern luminous gas discharge tubes were produced by Heinrich Geissler with physicist Julius Plucker in 1858 and powered by an induction coil developed by Daniel Ruhmkorf.

33. Julius Caesar Roman Rome Caesar's Political Marius Life Lucius His father and namesake, Caius julius Caesar, achieved the rank of praetor (see cursus in order t, julius Plückerjulius plucker ( June 16, 1801 May 22, http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Julius:Caesar.htm

var GLB_RIS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_RIR='/cincshared/external';var GLB_MMS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_MIR='/site/image';GLB_MML='/'; document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); A1('s',':','html'); Non User A B C ... Home First Prev [ 1 Next Last Alternative meanings: Julius Caesar (disambiguation) Gaius Julius Caesar Latin C·IVLIVS·C·F·C·N·CAESAR July 13 100 BC March 15 44 BC ) was a Roman military and political leader whose conquest of Gallia Comata extended the Roman world all the way to the Oceanus Atlanticus , launching the first Roman invasion of Britain, and introducing Roman influence into modern France , an accomplishment whose direct consequences are visible to this day. Caesar fought and won a civil war which left him undisputed master of the Roman world, and began extensive reforms of Roman society and government. He became dictator for life, and heavily centralized the already faltering government of the weak republic. His dramatic assassin ation on the Ides of March became the catalyst of a second set of civil wars which became the twilight of the Roman Republic See also Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). The Roman Republic traditionally lasted as a representative government of Rome and its territories from 510 BC until the establishment of the Roman Empire, typically placed at 44 BC

34. Mathematical Lineage Advisors julius plucker and Rudolph Lipschitz. Remarkably, Felix Klein seems to have been the sole habilitation student of each of his two advisors http://www.math.umd.edu/~lvrmr/Lineage/index.shtml

My Mathematical Lineage I am a Kleinian through Hilbert. Going back further, one can argue with somewhat less certainty that I am a Lagrangian through Klein. Tracing backwards, my lineage is Charles David Levermore Ph.D. in 1982 from New York University Advisor: Peter D. Lax Peter D. Lax Ph.D. in 1949 from New York University Advisor: Kurt O. Friedrichs Kurt Otto Friedrichs Habilitation in 1925 from Universitat Gottingen Advisor: Richard Courant Richard Courant Habilitation in 1910 from Universitat Gottingen Advisor: David Hilbert David Hilbert Habilitation in 1885 from Universitat Konigsberg Advisor: C.L. Ferdinand Lindemann Carl Louis Ferdinand von Lindemann Habilitation in 1873 from Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Erlangen-Nurnberg Advisor: Felix Klein Felix Christian Klein Habilitation in 1868 from Universitat Berlin Advisors: Julius Plucker and Rudolph Lipschitz Remarkably, Felix Klein seems to have been the sole habilitation student of each of his two advisors:

35. Our Mathematical Ancestors julius plucker Felix Klein Adolph Hurwitz) David Hilbert Erhard Schmidt Salomon Bochner. Thesis Students RJ Milgram, http://www.math.upenn.edu/100/ancestors.html

Our Mathematical Ancestors (October 1999) Christos Athanasiadis Chebyscheff Markov Tamarkin Nelson Dunford Jacob T. Schwartz Gian-Carlo Rota Richard P. Stanley Jonathan Block Raoul Bott Irene I. Bouw F. Oort Eugenio Calabi Felix Klein Adolph Hurwitz) David Hilbert Erhard Schmidt Salomon Bochner Thesis Students : R. J. Milgram, Carlos Ferraris, Salvador Gigena, Tom Sayin Ho, Jianfang Li, Xiuxiong Chen Luca Capogna J. J. v. Littrow N. Braschman P. L. Chebyshev G. F. Voronoi W. Sierpinski Antoni Zygmund Eugene Fabes Ching-Li Chai Brioschi Cremona Veronese G. Castelnuovo Oscar Zariski David Mumford Thesis Students : Jeff Achter, Chia-Fu Yu Ted Chinburg Josef Stefan Ludwig Boltzmann Gustav Herglotz Emil Artin John T. Tate Thesis Students : Sunghan Bae, Seyong Kim, David Solomon, Tom Schmidt, Tony Costa, Adebisi Agboola, Mike Rogers, George Pappas, Chi-Fong Lau, Seon-In Kwon, Caiqun Xiao, Shubin Hu, Matrias Atria, Darren Glass Christopher Croke E. H. Moore George David Birkhoff M. H. Stone Richard V. Kadison Richard Lashof Thesis Students : Jin-Whan Yim, Jianguo Cao, Tobias Colding, Xiaobo Liu, Scott Pauls

36. BIOdotEDU William Crookes (an English physicist), among several others, including julius plucker, showed that bringing a magnet next to the sides of the tube caused http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/bc/ahp/LAD/C3/C3_Electrons.html

Click here to Atomic Structure The Discovery of ... ... Electrons Discovery of Electrons In the 1800s electricity was new, exciting and the subject of a lot of study. The English chemist Humphrey Davy (1778-1829) had built the world's largest battery (over 250 metallic plates) and pushed the very high currents this battery could generate through all kinds of solutions, compounds and substances in the hope that the high energies involved would pull apart the chemical constituents. Using this technique, he discovered many things, including new elements, and aroused the interest of his pupil - Michael Faraday (1792 - 1867). Faraday coined many of the terms still used today, including electrolysis, electrolyte, electrodes, anode, anions, cathode and cations . He also got the idea to pass an electrical current (discharge) through a complete vacuum, just to see what happened - if anything. Unfortunately his methods of producing an appropriate vacuum were not good enough and he never really succeeded, but a German glass blower - Heinrich Geissler - certainly did. His apparatus consisted of a glass tube in which an anode (the positive pole, or plate) was at one end, and the cathode (the negative pole, or plate) was at the other end. His superior vacuum pump removed all the air from the tube, and he connected the anode and the cathode to the appropriate ends of a powerful battery. At high enough voltages electricity certainly seemed to be able to leap across the vacuum between the oppositely charged plates, but that was not all. On the wall opposite to the negative cathode, the glass glowed a strange, greenish color.

37. Development Of The Atom julius plucker (1858) noticed that only one end emitted light. He also changed the position of the patch of glass that glowed by bringing http://library.thinkquest.org/C006669/data/Chem/atomic/development.html

Atomic Structure : Development of the Atom John Dalton Atomic Theory Matter is made up of indivisible atoms. All atoms of an element are identical. Atoms are neither created nor destroyed. Atoms of different elements have different weights and chemical properties. Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole numbers to form compounds. Michael Faraday Set up a pair of metal plates sealed in a glass tube. The tube was filled with a gas, and the metal plates were connected to a series of batteries. As the pressure of the gas decreased, the gas began to glow. Julius Plucker (1858) noticed that only one end emitted light. He also changed the position of the patch of glass that glowed by bringing a magnet close to the tube. Conclusion: The effect of the magnetic field as evidence that whatever produced this glow was electrically charged. Cathode - metal plate connected to the negative end Anode - metal plate connected to the positive end Johannes Hittorf Found that when a solid object was placed between the cathode and anode, a shadow was cast on the end of the tube across from the cathode.

38. 9.4 Ideas-Implementation This provided his friend, julius plucker, with the apparatus to experiment with electrical current through gases at low pressure. plucker sealed electrodes http://webs.mn.catholic.edu.au/physics/emery/hsc_ideas_implementation.htm

9.4 Ideas-Implementation This topic is now completely updated with the amendments to the HSC Physics Syllabus for 2003 and onwards as published by the NSW Board of Studies in October 2002. 9.4 FROM IDEAS TO IMPLEMENTATION PREPARED NOTES Introduction Electric Fields Revisited Moving Charges in a Magnetic Field Revisited The Investigation of Cathode Rays ... Applications of Cathode Rays CRO, TV Maxwell's Waves Discovered Discovery of Photoelectric Effect Planck and Black Body Radiation Einstein and The Photoelectric Effect ... Structure of Metals - including causes of electrical resistance Superconductivity BCS Theory of Superconductors Worksheets on the From Ideas To Implementation Topic Useful Links INTRODUCTION: By the beginning of the twentieth century, many of the pieces of the physics puzzle seemed to be falling into place. The wave model of light had successfully explained interference and diffraction, and wavelengths at the extremes of the visible spectrum had been estimated. The invention of a pump that could evacuate tubes to 10 of an atmosphere allowed the investigation of cathode rays. X-rays would soon be confirmed as electromagnetic radiation and patterns in the Periodic Table appeared to be nearly complete. The nature of cathode rays was resolved and the measurement of the charge on the electron was soon to follow. There were some experimental observations still unexplained but to many scientists the understanding of the world of the atom seemed almost complete. This belief was about to be challenged seriously.

39. A History Of Science Volume III - Part VI In 1859 the German physicist julius plucker (18011868) noticed that when there was an electrical discharge through an exhausted tube at a low pressure, http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/sci/history/AHistoryofScienceVolume

A History of Science Volume III by Henry Smith Williams Terms Contents BOOK III Chapter I ... Chapter IX Part VI Roentgen Rays, Or X-Rays n December of 1895 word came out of Germany of a scientific discovery that startled the world. It came first as a rumor, little credited; then as a pronounced report; at last as a demonstration. It told of a new manifestation of energy, in virtue of which the interior of opaque objects is made visible to human eyes. One had only to look into a tube containing a screen of a certain composition, and directed towards a peculiar electrical apparatus, to acquire clairvoyant vision more wonderful than the discredited second-sight of the medium. Coins within a purse, nails driven into wood, spectacles within a leather case, became clearly visible when subjected to the influence of this magic tube; and when a human hand was held before the tube, its bones stood revealed in weird simplicity, as if the living, palpitating flesh about them were but the shadowy substance of a ghost. Not only could the human eye see these astounding revelations, but the impartial evidence of inanimate chemicals could be brought forward to prove that the mind harbored no illusion. The photographic film recorded the things that the eye might see, and ghostly pictures galore soon gave a quietus to the doubts of the most sceptical. Within a month of the announcement of Professor Roentgen's experiments comment upon the "X-ray" and the "new photography" had become a part of the current gossip of all Christendom.

40. Julius Gylys - ResearchIndex Document Query and the other to consider the plucker formulae of julius plucker, Namely, the plucker formulae which enabled julius plucker (18011868) to obtain a http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cis?q=Julius Gylys

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