1. Leucippus [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, detailing leucippus theory of atoms. http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/l/leucippu.htm

Leucippus (fifth century BCE.) Leucippus was the founder of Atomism. We know next to nothing about his life, and his book appears to have been incorporated in the collected works of Democritus. No writer subsequent to Theophrastos seems to have been able to distinguish his teaching from that of his more famous disciple. Indeed his very existence has been denied, though on wholly insufficient grounds. Aristotle gives a clear and intelligible account of the way Leucippus' theory arose. It originated from Parmenides' denial of the void, from which the impossibility of multiplicity and motion had been deduced. Leucippus supposed himself to have discovered a theory which would avoid this consequence. He admitted that there could be no motion if there was no void, and he inferred that it was wrong to identify the void with the non-existent. Leucippus was the first philosopher to affirm, with a full consciousness of what he was doing, the existence of empty space. The Pythagorean void had been more or less identified with 'air', but the void of Leucippus was really a vacuum. Besides space there was body, and to this Leucippus ascribed all the characteristics of Parmenides notion of the real. The assumption of empty space, however, made it possible to affirm that there was an infinite number of such reals, invisible because of their smallness, but each possessing all the marks of the Parmenidean One, and in particular each indivisible like it. These moved in the empty space, and their combinations can give rise to the things we perceive with the senses. Pluralism was at least stated in a logical and coherent way. Democritus compared the motions of the atoms of the soul to that of the particles in the sunbeam which dart hither and thither in all directions even when there is no wind, and we may fairly assume that he regarded the original motion of the other atoms in much the same way.

2. Leucippus At PhilosophyClassics.com -- Essays, Resources Brief article on this early Greek atomist thinker, from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. http://www.philosophyclassics.com/philosophers/Leucippus/

Start your day with a thought-provoking quote from the world's greatest thinkers and writers. Sign up to The Daily Muse for free. Leucippus 400 BC - 400 BC less famous than his successor, Democritus, Leucippus is credited with being the co-founder of atomism LEUCIPPUS, Greek philosopher, born at Miletus (or Elea), founder of the Atomistic theory, contemporary of Zeno, Empedocles and Anaxagoras. His fame was so completely overshadowed by that of Democritus, who subsequently developed the theory into a system, that his very existence was denied by Epicurus (Diog. Laert. x. 7), followed in modern times by Rohde. Epicurus, however, distinguishes Leucippus from Democritus, and Aristotle and Theophrastus expressly credit him with the invention of Atomism. There seems, therefore, no reason to doubt his existence, although nothing is known of his life, an... [ read entire biography Source External Publication These essays offer analysis of the author's life and works. Many of them have been submitted by users, and are assigned an Editorial Rating on a scale from one to five stars to assist you in evaluating their worth. See also: Note on Essays Editorial Policy No essays about this philosopher have been added yet. Our database is growing rapidly check back soon!

3. Leucippus [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, detailing leucippus' theory of atoms. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

4. Leucippus The Greek tradition regarded leucippus as the founder of atomism in physics. leucippus is variously said to have been born in Elea, Abdera or Miletus http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/leucippus/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A ... Z This document uses XHTML/Unicode to format the display. If you think special symbols are not displaying correctly, see our guide Displaying Special Characters last substantive content change AUG The Encyclopedia Now Needs Your Support Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free Leucippus The Greek tradition regarded Leucippus as the founder of atomism in physics. Little is known about him, and his views are hard to distinguish from those of his associate Democritus. He is sometimes said to have been a student of Zeno of Elea, and to have devised the atomist philosophy in order to escape from the problems raised by Parmenides and his followers. 1. Life and Works 2. Atomist Doctrine Bibliography Other Internet Resources ... Related Entries 1. Life and Works Leucippus is variously said to have been born in Elea, Abdera or Miletus (DK 67A1). His dates are unknown, other than that he lived during the fifth century BCE. Diogenes Laertius reports that he was a student of Parmenides' follower Zeno (DK 67A1). Zeno is best known for paradoxes suggesting that motion is impossible because a magnitude can be divided into an infinite number of parts, each of which must be traversed; the fact that atomism is thought to have been formulated in response to these arguments may account for the story that Leucippus was a student of Zeno. The extent of Leucippus' contribution to the developed atomist theory is unknown. Most reports refer to the views of Democritus alone, or to both atomists together; Epicurus seems even to have denied that there was a philosopher Leucippus (DK 67A2). Aristotle certainly ascribes the foundation of the atomist system to Leucippus. Leucippus is sometimes said to have been the author of a work called the

5. Democritus [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] During some part of his life he was instructed in Pythagoreanism, and was a disciple of leucippus. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

6. Archival Information For "Leucippus" www.thebigview.com/greeks/democritus.html http://plato.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/encyclopedia/archinfo.cgi?entry=leucippus

7. The Atomistic Philosophy Of Leucippus And Democritus With the work of leucippus and Democritus ancient Greek philosophy reaches its zenith when the initial question of Thales after the true nature of http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Leucippus Biography of leucippus (480BC420BC) leucippus of Miletus carried on the scientific philosophy which had begun to become associated with Miletus. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Leucippus.html

Leucippus of Miletus Born: about 480 BC in (possibly) Miletus, Asia Minor Died: about 420 BC Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Leucippus of Miletus carried on the scientific philosophy which had begun to become associated with Miletus. We know little of his life but it is thought that he founder the School at Abdera on the coast of Thrace near the mouth of the Nestos River. Today the town is in Greece and is called Avdhira. At the time that Leucippus would have lived in Abdera it was a prosperous town which politically was a member of the Delian League The philosopher Protagoras was born in Abdera and he was a contemporary of Leucippus but Protagoras, the first of the Sophists , spent most of his life in Athens and may have left Abdera before Leucippus arrived there. Although now there seems little doubt that Leucippus existed, it is worth remarking that Epicurus , at the end of the fourth century BC, actually believed that Leucippus had never existed since so little was known of him. However we now know enough in the way of independent evidence to be sure that Leucippus did exist. Aristotle refers to Leucippus as a philosopher with rather different views to those of Parmenides Aristotle refers to him several times and quotes from his works on a number of occasions. For example in

9. Leucippus Biographical article by J.J. O'Connor and E.F. Robertson, with links to related topics. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Leucippus.html

Leucippus of Miletus Born: about 480 BC in (possibly) Miletus, Asia Minor Died: about 420 BC Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Leucippus of Miletus carried on the scientific philosophy which had begun to become associated with Miletus. We know little of his life but it is thought that he founder the School at Abdera on the coast of Thrace near the mouth of the Nestos River. Today the town is in Greece and is called Avdhira. At the time that Leucippus would have lived in Abdera it was a prosperous town which politically was a member of the Delian League The philosopher Protagoras was born in Abdera and he was a contemporary of Leucippus but Protagoras, the first of the Sophists , spent most of his life in Athens and may have left Abdera before Leucippus arrived there. Although now there seems little doubt that Leucippus existed, it is worth remarking that Epicurus , at the end of the fourth century BC, actually believed that Leucippus had never existed since so little was known of him. However we now know enough in the way of independent evidence to be sure that Leucippus did exist. Aristotle refers to Leucippus as a philosopher with rather different views to those of Parmenides Aristotle refers to him several times and quotes from his works on a number of occasions. For example in

10. Cls 189 Short Web Paper The Atomists leucippus of Miletus and Democritus of Abdera http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. References For Leucippus References for the biography of leucippus. J Barnes, Reason and necessity in leucippus, in Proc. First International Congress on Democritus (Xanthi, http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Leucippus.html

References for Leucippus Version for printing Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. Books: C Bailey, The Greek Atomists and Epicurus (Oxford, 1928). J Barnes, Early Greek Philosophy W K C Guthrie, History of Greek Philosophy II (Cambridge, 1965). G S Kirk and J E Raven, The Presocratic Philosophers (Cambridge, 1957). Articles: J Barnes, Reason and necessity in Leucippus, in Proc. First International Congress on Democritus (Xanthi, 1984), 141-158. E Craig (ed.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (London-New York, 1998), 578-579. B Russell, History of Western Philosophy (London, 1961), 82-90. Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR April 1999 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Leucippus.html

12. Democritus [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] 4th century BCE philosopher of Abdera who expanded the atomic theory of leucippus. http://www.iep.utm.edu/d/democrit.htm

Democritus (460-370 BCE.) Credit cannot be given to the tale that Democritus spent his leisure hours in chemical researches after the philosopher's stone the dream of a later age; or to the story of his conversation with Hippocrates concerning Democritus's supposed madness, as based on spurious letters. Democritus has been commonly known as "The Laughing Philosopher," and it is gravely related by Seneca that he never appeared in public with out expressing his contempt of human follies while laughing. Accordingly, we find that among his fellow-citizens he had the name of "the mocker". He died at more than a hundred years of age. It is said that from then on he spent his days and nights in caverns and sepulchers, and that, in order to master his intellectual faculties, he blinded himself with burning glass. This story, however, is discredited by the writers who mention it insofar as they say he wrote books and dissected animals, neither of which could be done well without eyes. Democritus expanded the atomic theory of Leucippus. He maintained the impossibility of dividing things ad infinitum . From the difficulty of assigning a beginning of time, he argued the eternity of existing nature, of void space, and of motion. He supposed the atoms, which are originally similar, to be impenetrable and have a density proportionate to their volume. All motions are the result of active and passive affection. He drew a distinction between primary motion and its secondary effects, that is, impulse and reaction. This is the basis of the law of necessity, by which all things in nature are ruled. The worlds which we see with all their properties of immensity, resemblance, and dissimilitude result from the endless multiplicity of falling atoms. The human soul consists of globular atoms of fire, which impart movement to the body. Maintaining his atomic theory throughout, Democritus introduced the hypothesis of images or idols (

13. Leucippus At PhilosophyClassics.com Essays, Resources leucippus free essays, eTexts, resources and links from PhilosophyClassics.com. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. Leucippus - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia There was also a Greek mythological leucippus (mythology). leucippus or Leukippos (5th century BC) was the originator of atomism, the philosophical belief http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucippus

Wikimedia needs your help in its 21-day fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$220,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August. Thank you for your generosity! Leucippus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the philosopher. There was also a Greek mythological Leucippus (mythology) Leucippus or Leukippos 5th century BC ) was the originator of atomism , the philosophical belief that everything is composed entirely of various imperishable, indivisible elements called atoms There are no existing writings which we can attribute to Leucippus, since his writings seem to have been enfolded into the work of his famous student Democritus q.v. for more on atomism). In fact, it is virtually impossible to identify any views about which Democritus and Leucippus disagreed. Leucippus was born at Miletus (or some said Elea, for his philosophy is associated with the Eleatic philosophers ), a contemporary of Zeno Empedocles and Anaxagoras of the Ionian school of philosophy. His fame was so completely overshadowed by that of Democritus, who systematized his views on atoms, that Epicurus doubted his very existence, according to

15. Leucippus - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the philosopher. There was also a Greek mythological leucippus (mythology) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. STEFAN STENUDD - Leucippus. Cosmos Of The Ancients ----------- leucippus. COSMOS OF THE ANCIENTS The Greek Philosophers on Myth and Cosmology by Stefan Stenudd, Swedish author and Historian of Ideas. http://www.stenudd.com/myth/greek/leucippus.htm

About the writer Stefan Stenudd Cosmos of the Ancients The Greek Philosophers on Myth and Cosmology Leucippus egarding Leucippus (flourished c. 430 BC) it is reasonable to do as Aristotle did in his writing, pairing him with his student Democritus. Almost nothing is known about his own life. He is said to have written only one book, The Great World-Order , the title implying that it would suffice. Yet, a remaining quotation is from a text entitled On Mind , which may be a chapter of it or another book of his: "Nothing happens at random; everything happens out of reason and by necessity." Leucippus and Democritus have the essence of their cosmology in common, some basic terminology of it probably invented by the former, though the latter is by far the most famous of the two, and more well-documented. Diogenes Laertius says that Leucippus was the student of Zeno, and that he stated about the world: The sum of things is unlimited, and they all change into one another. The all includes the empty as well as the full. The worlds are formed when atoms fall into the void and are entangled with one another; and from their motion as they increase in bulk arises the substance of the stars. The atom, the particle so small it cannot be divided, was a concept further developed by his student Democritus, but already with Leucippus, if Diogenes is to be trusted, much of this cosmology was formed. This is also how Aristotle treats the two – as of one opinion in cosmological matters. The unlimited all, according to Leucippus, is made up of part full and part empty, and to him those are the real elements – full being the atoms and empty being the space between them. Out of this mixture numerous worlds arise, and eventually dissolve. This happens through a vortex taking place when atoms enter the void, and thereby atoms alike join, arranging themselves according to their "shape, order and position" into a spherical system. Out of this, the earth – being drum-shaped – is formed.

17. Diogenes Laertius, Life Of Leucippus, From Lives Of The LIFE OF leucippus. I. LEUCIPPOS was a native of Elea, but, as some say, of Abdera; and, as others report, of Melos. II. He was a pupil of Zeno. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. Cls 189 Short Web Paper The Atomists leucippus of Miletus and Democritus of Abdera Democritus expanded upon leucippus original theory and theorized on many of its detailed http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/GreekScience/Students/Marc/short_paper.html

Please note: These papers were prepared for the Greek Science course taught at Tufts University by Prof. Gregory Crane in the spring of 1995. The Perseus Project does not and has not edited these student papers. We assume no responsibility over the content of these papers: we present them as is as a part of the course, not as documents in the Perseus Digital Library . We do not have contact information for the authors. Please keep that in mind while reading these papers. The Atomists: Leucippus of Miletus and Democritus of Abdera by Marc Wohnsigl April 14, 1994 I. Introduction II. Atomists vs. Eleatics III. Atomist Theory A. Basic Theory B. Senses C. Cosmogony IV. Conclusion Introduction Leucippus, born ca. 500 BCE, and his pupil, Democritus, born ca. 460 BCE, are credited with postulating the theory of Atoms and Void. Democritus expanded upon Leucippus' original theory and theorized on many of its detailed applications like perception. Leucippus is credited with writing only a few works, including The Great World System , in which he postulates his theory on atoms and void. Democritus was a much more prolific writer and is credited with writing fifty-two works, although some were quite short. These included his expansion on Leucippus' work in The

19. Leucippus Taylor, C.C.W. The Atomists leucippus and Democritus. Fragments, A Text and Translation with Commentary (Toronto 1999). http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. Aristotle De Gen. Et Corr. A8 B But leucippus thought he had arguments which would assert what is consistent with senseperception and not do away with coming into being or perishing or http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/GreekScience/Students/Marc/Aristotle.de.gen.A8b.htm

Aristotle, de gen. et corr. . . . But Leucippus thought he had arguments which would assert what is consistent with sense-perception and not do away with coming into being or perishing or motion, or pulrality of existents. He agrees with the appearances to this extent, but he concedes, to those who maintain the One, that there would be no motion without void, and says that the void is non-existent, and that no part of what is is non-existent for what is in the strict sense is wholly and fully being. But such being, he says, is not one; there is an infinite number, and they are invisible because of the smallness of the particles. They move in the void (for there is a void), and when they come tohgether they cause coming to be, and when they separate they cause perishing. They have effects and are affected wherever they happen to be in contact (contact does not make them one), but when they are compounded together and entangled they create something. From what is truly one no plurality could come into being, nor a unity form what is truly a plurality that is impossible. But as Empedocles and some of the other philosophers say that things are affected through their pores, so in his view all alteration and all being affected comes abut in this way: dissolution and destruction, and similarly growth, occur when solid objects slip in through the void.

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