61. HYPSMC - What Does HYPSMC Stand For? Definitions By The Free Online Dictionary A hypsicles of alexandria Hypsiglena Hypsiglena torquata Hypsilanti Hypsilanti Hypsiloid Hypsilophodon Hypsilurus Hypsipetes crassirostris http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/HYPSMC

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='HYPSMC' join mailing list webmaster tools Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Computing dictionary Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Columbia encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia HYPSMC 0.01 sec. Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Acronym Definition HYPSMC Harvard Yale Princeton Stanford MIT Caltech Acronyms browser Full browser HYPERMEDATA HYPO HYPO- HYPOS ... HYPS HYPSMC HYPSOS HYPU HYQIS HYRAD ... Hypsipyle HYPSMC hypso- Hypsodont Hypsogastropoda hypsography ... hyracothere Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition Free Tools: For surfers: Browser extension Word of the Day NEW! Help For webmasters: Free content NEW! Linking Lookup box ... Farlex, Inc. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.

62. Biographies For Famous People Starting With The Letter H hypsicles of alexandria, Biography Hämäläinen, Helvi Biography Härkönen, IivoBiography Hövenmark, Nils Biography http://www.biographycorner.com/biography_h.html

Biographies for Famous People Starting with the Letter H Browse by Biography Last Name: A B C D ... Z BIOGRAPHIES FOR FAMOUS PEOPLE BEGINNING WITH LETTER H Haab, Otto Biography Haanpää, Pentti Biography Haarlem, Cornelis van Biography Haas, Dolly Biography ... Newest Lyrics Here!

63. TMTh:: APOLLONIUS OF PERGA of Perga (in the Ionian kingdom of Pamphylia) studied at alexandria with Euclid s hypsicles discussed this work in his commentary on the Elements of Euclid. http://www.tmth.edu.gr/en/aet/1/10.html

Home Ancient Greek Scientists AGRICULTURALISTS ARCHITECTS ... PHYSICISTS MATHEMATICIAN APOLLONIUS OF PERGA (fl. 260-190 or 170 BC) Life Ranked with the great mathematicians Archimedes and Euclid for his contribution to mathematics, Apollonius of Perga (in the Ionian kingdom of Pamphylia) studied at Alexandria with Euclid's successors, and later taught in Ephesus and Pergamum. Pappus (3rd century AD) described him as arrogant and conceited, the title of "Great Geometer" attributed to him during the lifetime of Archimedes having apparently gone to his head. Ptolemy records that "Hipparchus based his theory relating to the orbit of the planets on the work of Apollonius". In Pergamum he met and worked with Eudemus. Many later mathematicians, including Viete, Descartes, Fermat and Desargues, were influenced by his work; and one of the craters on the moon has been named "Apollonius" in his honour. Work His principal works are: "On Proportional Section": 2 books. Cited by Pappus in his "Collection". Survives in Arabic translation, from which Halley translated it into Latin in 1706. "On Spatial Section": 2 books. Cited by Pappus in his "Collection". Lost. Halley tried to reconstruct it on the basis of references in other writers.

64. PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway Search/Browse Results Claudius Ptolemy Born about 85 in Egypt Died about 165 in alexandria, Abu Kamil Shuja Ahmes Diophantus Euclid Heron Hypatia hypsicles Menelaus Pappus http://www.psigate.ac.uk/roads/cgi-bin/search_webcatalogue.pl?term1=Ptolemy&limi

65. Bibliotheca Alexandrina - A History Of The Library Of Alexandria The ancient library of alexandria and the rebuilt of the modern one Also inthe 2nd century BC, hypsicles first divided the circle of the zodiac into http://www.arabworldbooks.com/bibliothecaAlexandrina.htm

Articles Menu BIBLIOTHECA ALEXANDRINA Home Authors' Home Bookstore Readers' Club ... Links Arab World Books In the Media Services Contact Us Search our Site The ancient library of Alexandria and the re-built of the modern one By: Sameh M. Arab. MD, PhD Click here for our book selections related to the Library Alexandria, the main harbor of Egypt on the Mediterranean, was once called “The pearl of the Mediterranean”. Strabo, the geographer in the 1st century AD, called Alexandria “The greatest emporium of the inhabited world”. The city was supposed to witness the inauguration of its re-built famous library, “Bibliotheca Alexandrina” on 23 April 2002, a date that was postponed due to the ongoing political strains in the Middle East. The word “bibliotheca” comes from the Greek word for “books”, since the ancient library belonged to the Hellenistic period. Alexander the Great built the city in 331 BC, and upon his death his widespread empire was divided among several rulers. Ptolemy, one of his generals, chose Egypt and started a new royal house. Alexandria became the capital of the state, and by the year 200 B.C., it grew into the largest metropolis in the world, and became the world's scientific and intellectual Mecca. The legacy of the Ptolemies was highlighted by major achievements, notably its university, the Great Library, the lighthouse that was considered among the Seven Wonders of the World, as well as the “Temple of Serapis” and the “Heptastadion” that connected the Island of Pharos with Alexandria. Although ancient Egypt had known papyrus libraries as far as 3200 B.C., and Athens had a great library in the 4th century B.C., the “Bibliotheca Alexandrina” was the largest in all antiquity. It was also a part of a research institute, known as the “Alexandrian Museum” or “Mouseion” - a word related to the shrine of the “Muses” which was a customary feature of the Greek schools that attributed philosophic and artistic inspiration to the Muses and science.

66. Diophantus Of Alexandria And The 10-th Problem Of Hilbert We know almost nothing about Diophantus, except that he lived, in alexandria.We know that he quotes hypsicles (150 BC) and he is quoted by Theon of http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Diophantus.htm

Diophantus of Alexandria Michael Lahanas Diophant von Alexandrien We know almost nothing about Diophantus, except that he lived, in Alexandria. We know that he quotes Hypsicles (150 BC) and he is quoted by Theon of Alexandria (whose date is fixed by the solar eclipse of June 16, 364 AD ). This tomb hold Diophantus. Ah, what a marvel! And the tomb tells scientifically the measure of his life. God vouchsafed that he should be a boy for the sixth part of his life; when a twelfth was added, his cheeks acquired a beard; He kindled for him the light of marriage after a seventh, and in the fifth year after his marriage He granted him a son. Alas! late-begotten and miserable child, when he had reached the measure of half his father's life, the chill grave took him. After consoling his grief by this science of numbers for four years, he reached the end of his life. J R Newman (ed.) The World of Mathematics (New York 1956). From his epitaph, which can be written as a linear equation x = x/6 + x/12 + x/7 + 5+ x/2 + 4 (where x is the number of years of Diophantus lived ) we find a solution x = 84. We know therefore that he married at the age of 33, had a son who died when he was 42, 4 years before Diophantus himself died. Assumimg that he was born around 200 AD then Diophantus lived in the period (

67. Hipparchus The Astronomer It is possible that he took over from hypsicles, who earlier had divided The angular size of the visible Sun seen at alexandria therefore is 0.1 degree. http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Hipparchus.htm

The Astronomer Hipparchus of Rhodes Michael Lahanas Griechische Astronomie: Hipparchos Pliny, Natural History, Book 2) 77 AD on Hipparchus Hipparchus of Rhodes Ptolemy produced with the Almagest the most important book of astronomy for around 1500 years but for this work the contribution of the earlier work of Hipparchus was very important. Almost none of Hipparchus books survived except a commentary on Phainomena of Eudoxus and Aratus of Soli. We know the work of Hipparchus from Ptolemy's Almagest and from comments of others. The Chord, Crd(a), that was calculated by Hipparchus as a function of the angle a. Hipparchus generated a Chord table that is in principle a sine table. He Boyer Based on Babylonian observations, he improved the accuracy of the length of the lunar, solar and sidereal years. He estimated the solar year with an accuracy which is only 6 1/2 minutes different from the current value. For the lunar month he obtained a value of 29 The tropical (solar) year is the period of the Sun's apparent revolution from an equinox to the same equinox again (The time reference that we use in everyday life), and the sidereal year is the period of the Sun's apparent revolution from a fixed star to the same fixed star. Hipparchus discovered the precession of the equinoxes and was influential in the development of trigonometry, redefined and formalized the projection as a method for solving complex astronomical problems without spherical trigonometry and probably proved its main characteristics.

68. History Of Alexandria: The Ptolemaic Legacy that hypsicles first divided the circle of the zodiac into 360 degrees. The construction of the Lighthouse of alexandria was completed during the http://ce.eng.usf.edu/pharos/Alexandria/History/legacy.html

The Ptolemaic Legacy The Mouseion / Library When Ptolemy Soter assumed power, he asked Demitrius Phalerus , a follower of Aristotle , to found a library system at Alexandria that would rival that of Athens. The Alexandrian Mouseion , however, far superseded its Greek prototype to become an intellectual and scientific institution; a university system rather than a bibliotheca. It was here, in the third century BC, that Archimedes invented the pump still in use today and known as Archimedes' screw , and, in the second century BC, that Hypsicles first divided the circle of the zodiac into 360 degrees. Ancient historians claim that the library's 500,000 book collection was so comprehensive that no manuscript was available in any library worldwide that was not available in Alexandria. Mathematics Have you ever heard of Euclidean Geometry? Did you know that Euclid lived, developed his theories, and wrote Elements at the Alexandria Mouseion during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus? In his Elements , Euclid provided a comprehensive analysis of geometry, proportions, and theory of numbers. His other notable contribution

69. University At Alexandria - History For Kids! the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World), the Library of alexandria, which was today,that Euclid invented the rules of geometry, that hypsicles first divided http://historyforkids.org/learn/egypt/people/university.htm

keyword bar Europe, Asia, and Africa before 1500 AD Teachers Parents Sitemap This site The Web By region China India West Asia Greece ... About History for Kids Updated Wednesday, Aug 31, 2005 Advertisement Check out this timeline from History for Kids or go to a topic area: Egypt or West Asia Ancient China or Africa Ancient Greece or India Ancient Rome Ancient Germany The Islamic Empires ... Medieval Europe Need more info? Send us a message , and we'll try to answer your question. Egyptian University EA Polish-Egyptian team has unearthed the site of the fabled University of Alexandria, home of Archimedes, Euclid and a host of other scholars from the era when Alexandria dominated the Mediterranean. The team has found 13 lecture halls, or auditoriums, that could have accommodated as many as 5,000 students, according to archeologist Zahi Hawass, President of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities. The classrooms are on the eastern edge of a large public square in the the Late Antique section of modern Alexandria and are adjacent to a previously discovered theater that is now believed to be part of the university complex, Hawass said. All 13 of the auditoriums have similar dimensions and internal arrangements, he added. They feature rows of stepped benches running along the walls on three sides of the rooms, sometimes forming a joined "U" at one end.

70. Euclid - Books I-IX According to another version hypsicles, a pupil of Euclid at alexandria, offeredto the king and published Books XIV. and XV., it being also stated that http://www.headmap.org/unlearn/euclid/before/tradition.htm

@import url(../../../ul-css/3-col-nn4-new-main.css); the teS Euclids elements BOOKS I-IX translated by T.L. Heath BACKGROUND euclid and the traditions about him. euclid's other works. greek commentators on the elements ... modern algebraic interpretations [see also: equations - Diophantus; conics - Appolonius] HEADMAP home unlearning EUCLID BOOK I BOOK II BOOK III BOOK IV ... BOOK IX OVERVIEW book 1, triangles book 2, quadratics books 3 and 4, circles book 5, theory of proportion book 6, geometry and the theory of proportion books 7, 8 and 9 ,number theory GEOMETRICAL ALGEBRA book II identities gemetrical solution of quadratics application of areas transformation of areas ... Book V notes Book VII notes Book VIII notes Book IX notes Volume 1 [p. 1] CHAPTER I. EUCLID AND THE TRADITIONS ABOUT HIM. As in the case of the other great mathematicians of Greece, so in Euclid's case, we have only the most meagre particulars of the life and personality of the man. Most of what we have is contained in the passage of Proclus' summary relating to him, which is as follows “Not much younger than these (sc. Hermotimus of Colophon and Philippus of Medma) is Euclid, who put together the Elements, collecting many of Eudoxus' theorems, perfecting many of Theaetetus', and also bringing to irrefragable demonstration the things which were only somewhat loosely proved by his predecessors. This man lived

71. Table Of Contents hypsicles (Euclid, book XIV). Nicomedes. Diocles . Perseus. Zejodorus The capture of alexandria, and end of the alexandrian Schools . CHAPTER VI. http://web.doverpublications.com/cgi-bin/toc.pl/0486206300

American History, American...... American Indians Anthropology, Folklore, My...... Antiques Architecture Art Bridge and Other Card Game...... Business and Economics Chess Children Clip Art and Design on CD-...... Coloring Books Cookbooks, Nutrition Crafts Detective, Ghost , Superna...... Dover Patriot Shop Ethnic Interest Features Gift Certificates Gift Ideas History, Political Science...... Holidays Humor Languages and Linguistics Literature Magic, Legerdemain Military History, Weapons ...... Music Nature Performing Arts, Drama, Fi...... Philosophy and Religion Photography Posters Psychology, Education Puzzles, Amusement, Recrea...... Science and Mathematics Shakespeare Shop Sociology, Anthropology, M...... Sports, Out-of-Door Activi...... Stationery, Gift Sets Stationery, Seasonal Books...... Summer Fun Shop Summer Reading Shop Teacher's Store Travel and Adventure Women's Studies Clearance Center A Short Account of the History of Mathematics by W. W. Rouse Ball ISBN: 0486206300 Dover Publications Price: $16.95 click here to see this book Table of Contents for A Short Account of the History of Mathematics PREFACE TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. EGYPTIAN AND PHOENICIAN MATHEMATICS.

72. Fabled Library Of Alexandria Unearthed! the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World), the Library of alexandria, which was usetoday, that Euclid wrote the rules of geometry, that hypsicles first divided http://www.politicscafe.com/forum/index.php?board=15;action=display;threadid=166

73. Index Of Ancient Greek Philosophers-Scientists Euclid (alexandria, 4th 3rd century BC). alexandrian mathematician. It isbelieved that hypsicles introduced the 360 degree circle to Greek http://www.ics.forth.gr/~vsiris/ancient_greeks/hellinistic_period.html

Hellinistic/Alexandrian period (4th century B.C. - 5th century A.D.) This period marking advances in astronomy, mathematics and medicine. Hellinistic refers to the Greeks and others who lived after Alexander the Great's conquests, during which there existed a mixture of civilizations. Important schools of this period include Epicurianism, Stoiciscm , and Skeptisicm Philosophers-Scientists Epicurus of Samos (341-270 B.C.). Founder of the philosophical school of Epicurianism which, similar to the Atomists, believed that atoms are fundamental parts of the real world. Believed that fate was governed by laws of nature and not some mysterious gods. Straton (Lambsacus, 340-290 B.C.). Greek physicist. Conducted experiments leading him to discover that bodies accelerate when they fall. However, erroneously, he also believes that heavier bodies fall faster. Also studied the lever, but does not find it's law. His work emphasizes the use of experimentation for scientific research. Lived in Alexandria, then moved to Athens to head the Aristitle's Lyceum after Theophrastos. Zenon of Citius (4th century B.C.).

74. Hutton, Charles A Mathematical And Philosphical Dictionary 15th books of Euclid, and which, it is said, were contracted by hypsicles. Seventyyears after Christ, was born Ptolomy of alexandria; a good geometrician, and http://141.14.236.86/cgi-bin/archim/dict/hw?lemma=MATHEMATICS&step=entry&id=d006

75. Bibliotheca Alexandrina The chief Librarian of alexandria was chosen from the most prominent Also inthe 2nd century BC, hypsicles first divided the circle of the zodiac into http://www.aldokkan.com/geography/library.htm

Bibliotheca Alexandrina Home Egypt Map Alexandria The Ancient Alexandria library was known as the Mouseion, it was built in the district known as “Brucheium” within the vicinity of the royal palace. Strabo described it as a large complex of buildings and gardens with richly decorated lecture and banquet halls linked by colonnaded walks. It was part of the royal palaces, it had a walk [peripatos], an arcade [exedera], a large house in which was a refectory for members of the Mouseion. They formed a community who held property in common with a priest appointed by the kings in charge of the Mouseion. The University and renowned Library were built as part of the Museum in 290 BC by Ptolemy I-Soter, though some sources suggest that it started during the reign of his son, Ptolemy II- Philadelphus. The actual founder was “Demetrius Phalereus“, a follower of Aristotle and counselor of Ptolemy I-Soter, who suggested to the king the idea of establishing a great research center with a universal library attached to it. Such a suggestion fitted perfectly with Soter's desire to render Alexandria not only the capital of a powerful kingdom but also a center of culture and civilization. Demetrius remained in charge of the library until Soter’s death in 283 BC when he was banished by Philadelphus in retaliation to the former’s advice to Soter to pass kingship to another son. The library was staffed by many famous Greek writers and scholars, and contained a vast collection of books, and over 700,000 scrolls and papyri. It was a tradition that if any book was found in a ship that visited Alexandria. This was taken to the Library to be copied and hence no manuscript was available in any library worldwide and not in Alexandria. Documents were arranged in systematic order in the form of books, as they are now known. Scientists, philosophers and artists from allover the world were invited to study and enrich the university and library, that made Alexandria carry the beacon of civilization until it was burned by the Romans in 48 BC.

76. Math History - Pre-historic And Ancient Times About 150BC, hypsicles writes On the Ascension of Stars. In this work he is thefirst to She becomes head of the NeoPlatonist school at alexandria. http://lahabra.seniorhigh.net/pages/teachers/pages/math/timeline/MpreAndAncient.

Math History Timeline Pre-historic and Ancient Times 1,000,000 B.C. - 500 A.D. Math History Prehistory and Ancient Times Middle Ages Renaissance Reformation ... 20th Century ... non-Math History Prehistory and Ancient Times Middle Ages Renaissance Reformation ... External Resources About 30000BC Palaeolithic peoples in central Europe and France record numbers on bones. About 25000BC Early geometric designs used. About 4000BC Babylonian and Egyptian calendars in use. About 3400BC The first symbols for numbers, simple straight lines, are used in Egypt. About 3000BC Babylonians begin to use a sexagesimal number system for recording financial transactions. It is a place-value system without a zero place value. About 3000BC Hieroglyphic numerals in use in Egypt. About 3000BC The abacus is developed in the Middle East and in areas around the Mediterranean. A somewhat different type of abacus is used in China. About 1950BC Babylonians solve quadratic equations.

77. FACING HISTORY The ancient Greek University unearthed in alexandria was one of many in the that hypsicles first divided the circle of the zodiac into 360 degrees, http://ethnikoi.org/polydoros.html

FACING HISTORY The ancient Greek University unearthed in Alexandria was one of many in the great city and Alexandria was not the only place in the ancient Greek world that had Universities, with thousands of students each. Civilisation at the time was of a higher standard than we are allowed to know about, nor are we allowed to know that the Judaeo-Christian rulers methodically and inexorably destroyed most evidence of that civilisation. This 'mission' was meticulously carried out along with repeated extensive genocides of the Hellenic Ethnos across Europe Asia and Northern Africa . This was a "Cultural Revolution" that lasted about a thousand years. The result was catastrophic for humanity and brought about the Dark Ages that blanketed the world. In 30 BC, Julius Caesar's troops caused superficial damage to the University of Alexandria, which was easily repaired. The Christians would later destroy both institutions and launch a protracted three century (300-600 AD) genocide against the Hellenes of Alexandria, except for a short break when the Emperor Julian (the Apostate) took power. During those dark years, the library's books were used to light fires in public baths and household fireplaces and as wrapping paper in the markets. When the Arabs took over the city in 641, they found no higher cultural institutions of note. There were few original Hellenes remaining, only some Greek-speaking Christians, 99% of them illiterate, who had rote-learnt their prayers in Greek.

78. Engineering Database The number of volumes in the Library of alexandria reached 500000. Stirrups areused in China. 150BC, hypsicles writes On the Ascension of Stars. http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/t/i/timeline/source.html

Timeline A brief overview of the major milestones in science and engineering. Palaeolithic peoples in central Europe and France record numbers on bones. Early geometric designs used. Sheep are domesticated in the Middle East. Corn is domesticated in the Oaxaca Valley. Wheat is domesticated in Mesopotamia. Cattle are domesticated in Mesopotamia. Copper artifacts are common in the Middle East. Barley is domesticated in Egypt. Potatoes are domesticated in Peru and Bolivia. Light wooden plows are used in Mesopotamia. Kiln-fired bricks and pots are made in Mesopotamia. Irrigation is developed in Mesopotamia. The first symbols for numbers, simple straight lines, are used in Egypt. Wheeled vehicles are used in Uruk. Square-sailed ships used in Egypt. Draft oxen are used in Mesopotamia. Potter's wheel used in Mesopotamia. Pyramids are built in Egypt. Bronze is developed in Mesopotamia. Horse drawn vehicles are used in Egypt. Horse riding is developed on the Eurasia steppes. Copper is smelted in China. Rice paddies are developed in China. Iron working is developed in the Middle East.

79. ContentCafe 271, (1). 142 hypsicles and his works. 272, (2). 143 Hipparchus. 274, (2). 144 Heronof alexandria. 276, (4). 145 Heron s geometrical works. 280, (4). http://contentcafe.btol.com/ClientApplication/ContentCafe.aspx?UserID=quantum&Pa

80. The Seattle Times Nation World Site Of Ancient University It was in alexandria that Archimedes invented the screwshaped fluid pump stillin use today, that Euclid invented the rules of geometry, that hypsicles first http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2001923722_alexandria09.html

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