41. The Epsilon Calculus Discussion of david hilbert's development of this type of logical formalism with emphasis on prooftheoretic methods; by Jeremy Avigad and Richard Zach. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epsilon-calculus/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A ... Z This document uses XHTML/Unicode to format the display. If you think special symbols are not displaying correctly, see our guide Displaying Special Characters last substantive content change MAY The Encyclopedia Now Needs Your Support Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free The Epsilon Calculus The epsilon calculus is a logical formalism developed by David Hilbert in the service of his program in the foundations of mathematics. The epsilon operator is a term-forming operator which replaces quantifiers in ordinary predicate logic. Specifically, in the calculus, a term x A denotes some x satisfying A x ), if there is one. In Hilbert's Program, the epsilon terms play the role of ideal elements; the aim of Hilbert's finitistic consistency proofs is to give a procedure which removes such terms from a formal proof. The procedures by which this is to be carried out are based on Hilbert's epsilon substitution method. The epsilon calculus, however, has applications in other contexts as well. The first general application of the epsilon calculus was in Hilbert's epsilon theorems, which in turn provide the basis for the first correct proof of Herbrand's theorem. More recently, variants of the epsilon operator have been applied in linguistics and linguistic philosophy to deal with anaphoric pronouns. Overview The Epsilon Calculus The Epsilon Theorems Herbrand's Theorem ... Epsilon Operators in Linguistics, Philosophy, and Non-classical Logics

42. Mathematical Problems By David Hilbert By Professor david Hilbert1. Who of us would not be glad to lift the veil behindwhich the future lies hidden; to cast a glance at the next advances of our http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/hilbert/problems.html

Mathematical Problems Lecture delivered before the International Congress of Mathematicians at Paris in 1900 By Professor David Hilbert Who of us would not be glad to lift the veil behind which the future lies hidden; to cast a glance at the next advances of our science and at the secrets of its development during future centuries? What particular goals will there be toward which the leading mathematical spirits of coming generations will strive? What new methods and new facts in the wide and rich field of mathematical thought will the new centuries disclose? History teaches the continuity of the development of science. We know that every age has its own problems, which the following age either solves or casts aside as profitless and replaces by new ones. If we would obtain an idea of the probable development of mathematical knowledge in the immediate future, we must let the unsettled questions pass before our minds and look over the problems which the science of today sets and whose solution we expect from the future. To such a review of problems the present day, lying at the meeting of the centuries, seems to me well adapted. For the close of a great epoch not only invites us to look back into the past but also directs our thoughts to the unknown future. The deep significance of certain problems for the advance of mathematical science in general and the important role which they play in the work of the individual investigator are not to be denied. As long as a branch of science offers an abundance of problems, so long is it alive; a lack of problems foreshadows extinction or the cessation of independent development. Just as every human undertaking pursues certain objects, so also mathematical research requires its problems. It is by the solution of problems that the investigator tests the temper of his steel; he finds new methods and new outlooks, and gains a wider and freer horizon.

43. Mathematical Problems By David Hilbert Maxim Vsemirnov s hilbert s Tenth Problem page at the Steklov Institute of Concerning the hilbert 16th problem. American Mathematical Society http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/hilbert/toc.html

Hilbert's Mathematical Problems Table of contents (The actual text is on a separate page.) Introduction (Philosophy of problems, relationship between mathematics and science, role of proofs, axioms and formalism.) Problem 1 Cantor's problem of the cardinal number of the continuum. (The continuum hypothesis.) The consistency of the axiom of choice and of the generalized continuum hypothesis. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 1940. Problem 2 The compatibility of the arithmetical axioms. Problem 3 The equality of two volumes of two tetrahedra of equal bases and equal altitudes. V. G. Boltianskii. Hilbert's Third Problem Winston, Halsted Press, Washington, New York, 1978. C. H. Sah. Hilbert's Third Problem: Scissors Congruence. Pitman, London 1979. Problem 4 Problem of the straight line as the shortest distance between two points. (Alternative geometries.) Problem 5 Lie's concept of a continuous group of transformations without the assumption of the differentiability of the functions defining the group. (Are continuous groups automatically differential groups?) Montgomery and Zippin.

44. History Of Modern Algebra Topics include the contribution of david hilbert, the origins of Emmy Noether's work, the spread and development of this field in Europe and the US, as well as modern algebra in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Will take place at Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) on 2125 April 2003 in Berkeley, CA, USA. http://www.msri.org/calendar/workshops/WorkshopInfo/245/show_workshop

SITE MAP SEARCH SHORTCUT: Choose a Destination... Calendar Programs Workshops Summer Grad Workshops Seminars Events/Announcements Residence Program Application Materials Visa Information Propose a Program Propose a Workshop Policy on Diversity MSRI Alumni Archimedes Society Why Give to MSRI Ways to Give to MSRI Donate to MSRI Planned Gifts FAQ Staff Member Directory Contact Us Directions For Visitors Pictures Library Computing SGP Video Lectures MSRI in the Media Emissary Newsletter Outlook Newsletter Subscribe to Newsletters Books, Preprints, etc. Federal Support Corporate Affiliates Sponsoring Publishers Foundation Support Academic Sponsors HOME ACTIVITIES AT MSRI ABOUT MSRI COMMUNICATIONS Calendar Programs ... Past Projects The History of Algebra in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries April 21, 2003 to April 25, 2003 Organized By: Jeremy J. Gray and Karen Hunger Parshall Historians of mathematics have come to focus seriously on the history of modern algebra only within the last twenty-five years. That history originally tended to be done from the very technical point of view of the history of ideas, an approach typified in, for example, Morris Kline's massive Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times (1972), although Kline tended to give algebra in general rather short shrift in that work. In 1985, B. L. van der Waerden provided a more synthetic and focused account in

45. A Glossary Of Color Science Organized by Alex Byrne and david hilbert. http://tigger.uic.edu/~hilbert/Glossary.html

A Glossary of Color Science by Alex Byrne and David Hilbert first version published in Readings on Color, Volume 2: The Science of Color MIT Press Please send any corrections to David Hilbert ( hilbert@uic.edu A B C ... I JK L M N O ... W XYZ A Achromatic (color) A neutral color such as black, white or grey (see chromatic Achromatic response function (See chromatic response function Achromatopsia (See central achromatopsia Additive mixture A mixture in which the light from each of the components reaches the eye in an unmodified state. Lights superimposed on a projection screen are an example of an additive mixture. (See subtractive mixture Agraphia An impairment in the ability to write. Alexia An impairment in the ability to comprehend written words or to read aloud. Anomaloscope An instrument used for detecting anomalies of color vision. The test subject adjusts the ratio of two monochromatic lights to form a match with a third monochromatic light. The most common form of this procedure involves a Rayleigh match : a match between a mixture of monochromatic green and red lights, and a monochromatic yellow light. Normal subjects will choose a matching ratio of red to green light that falls within a fairly narrow range of values. Subjects with anomalous color vision will choose a ratio of red to green that falls outside this range, and red-green dichromats will accept any ratio of red to green as forming a match.

46. David Hilbert My name is david hilbert and I am an Associate Professor of Philosophy at theUniversity of Illinois at Chicago. My main areas of research are color, http://tigger.uic.edu/~hilbert/

In Baraboo, Wisconsin Finding Me Office: 1422 University Hall Phone: Email: hilbert@uic.edu Post: Philosophy Department MC 267 601 S. Morgan St. University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL 60607-7114 Welcome to my page My name is David Hilbert and I am an Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Illinois at Chicago . My main areas of research are color, philosophy of perception, and philosophy of mind. I also have interests in philosophy of biology, early modern philosophy (especially Berkeley) and epistemology. There are a few preprints available via the papers link above. Color The color link above will take you to some information and links regarding color in philosophy and science. Included is a glossary of color science and a reasonably complete bibliography of philosophical work on color through 1997. Berkeley The Berkeley link above will take you to my Images of Berkeley page which contains some scanned images relating to the Irish philosopher George Berkeley. I have also included some of Berkeley's poetry. Classes Links to information regarding my current classes can be found under the classes link above

47. David Hilbert A. Byrne and DR hilbert, MIT Press, 1997. HTML. Content, intention andexplanation , old and never to be updated. PDF. What is color vision? http://tigger.uic.edu/~hilbert/papers.html

Papers (with Alex Byrne ) "Color Realism and Color Science", [ HTML , forthcoming in Behavioral and Brain Sciences] (with Alex Byrne ) "Color Realism Redux", [ HTML , reply to commentators on Color Realism and Color Science, forthcoming in Behavioral and Brain Sciences] "Why have experiences", draft 4/23/00. [ PDF (with Alex Byrne ) "Colors and Reflectances", in Readings on Color, Volume 1: The Philosophy of Color", eds. A. Byrne and D. R. Hilbert, MIT Press, 1997. [ HTML "Content, intention and explanation", old and never to be updated. [ PDF "What is color vision?", Philosophical Studies PDF Back To My Homepage

48. Leonard Nelson Biography from the Friesian School site. Includes some excerpts pertaining to the relationship between david hilbert and Nelson. http://www.friesian.com/nelson.htm

Leonard Nelson (1882-1927) Leonard Nelson, described by Karl Popper as an "outstanding personality," produced a great quantity of work (collected in the nine volumes of the Gesammelte Schriften ) in a tragically short life. The quantity and the tragedy may have both happened because Nelson was an insomniac who worked day and night and exhausted himself into a fatal case of pneumonia. Nelson's greatest contributions to philosophy were his rediscovery of Jakob Fries , his exposition, systematization, and expansion of Friesian philosophy, the use and theory of Socratic Method in his pedagogy, and his engagement with the mathematical issues of Kantian philosophy in relation to his personal and professional involvement with one of the great mathematicians of the Twentieth Century, David Hilbert (1862-1943) . Hilbert's concern with the axiomatization of geometry and all of mathematics strongly paralleled Nelson's work in the Friesian theories of truth and justification . Nelson recognized the important parallel between Hilbert's conception of meta-mathematics and Fries' distinction between critique and metaphysics Hilbert is now often overshadowed by later mathematicians; and Hilbert's desire to complete mathematics by reducing it to a finished and closed axiomatic system is now often only mentioned in the context that this was shown to be impossible by

49. Hilbert, David --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The Online Encyclopedia Y hilbert, david body German mathematician whose work aimed at establishing theformalistic foundations of mathematics. http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9367096

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Additional Reading Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Hilbert, David  Concise Encyclopedia Article Page 1 of 1 David Hilbert German mathematician whose work aimed at establishing the formalistic foundations of mathematics. see inner product space ), a concept useful in mathematical analysis and quantum mechanics var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]]; To cite this page: MLA style: "Hilbert, David."

50. Department Of Mathematics And Computer Science Aleph0 . Searchable course catalog, faculty and some students home pages. Online interactive features Euclid's elements Java applets, short Trig course, Mandelbrot and Julia set explorer, Newton basins generator, math problems of david hilbert. Worcester. http://aleph0.clarku.edu/

Site Design by James Rice - Class of 2004 Send Webmaster Mail To jbreecher@clarku.edu

51. Hilbert, David --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia hilbert, david (1862–1943). The German mathematician david hilbert reducedEuclidean geometry to a series of axioms. To emphasize the importance of keeping http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article?tocId=9274880

52. DAVID HILBERT Brief biography with references. http://faculty.evansville.edu/ck6/bstud/hilbert.html

David Hilbert (1862-1943) mathematician For many years, Hilbert held the position at the Mathematical Institute at the University of Göttingen that was recognized as the most prestigious mathematical position in Germany, and possibly, in the world. His mathematical accomplishments, methods, and influence have been the subject of much study and writing, all well represented by two particular works: Constance Reid, Hilbert, Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin, 1970; Hermann Weyl, "David Hilbert and His Mathematical Work," Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society A shortened version of Weyl's article is reprinted in Reid's book, which is also the source of the image of Hilbert seen here. The image dates from 1912, a time when portraits of professors were popular on postcards sold in Göttingen. Hilbert's name is remembered in connection with Emmy Noether in at least three ways: (1) her transition from Gordan's constructivist methods to Hilbert's axiomatic and existential methods, largely through her work with Ernst Fischer while she was still at Erlangen; (2) Hilbert and Klein's invitation for Noether to join them at Göttingen, where she became one of the world's leading algebraists; and (3) Hilbert's often quoted rejoinder on Noether's behalf at a meeting of the University Senate. Opposers to Noether's application for the position of Privatdozent had argued, according to Reid: "How can it be allowed that a woman become a Privatdozent? Having become a Privatdozent, she can then become a professor and a member of the University Senate. Is it permitted that a woman enter the Senate?" They argued informally, "What will our soldiers think when they return to the University and find that they are expected to learn at the feet of a woman?"

53. Hilbert_Note david hilbert. One of the greatest mathematicians in the 20th century, and aformalist philosopher of mathematics. Aside from many creative works in http://www.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/phisci/Gallery/hilbert_note.html

David Hilbert One of the greatest mathematicians in the 20th century, and a formalist philosopher of mathematics. Aside from many creative works in mathematics, he refined the axiomatic method ( Grundlagen der Geometrie , 1899, and later works on the foundations of mathematics), proposed the Finitism (mathematics within strict finite means), and advocated Hilbert's Program which seeks to prove consistency of an axiomatized mathematics by means of Finitism. Although this program is now generally considered to have failed, it inspired many logicians such as Bernays, Goedel, Gentzen, or Herbrand. See a biography in MacTutor History of Math. BACK TO HILBERT PICTURE BACK TO GALLERY INDEX Last modified March 7, 2000. (c) Soshichi Uchii suchii@bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp

54. Mathematical Problems Of David Hilbert The Mathematical Problems of david hilbert. About hilbert s address and his 23mathematical problems. hilbert s address of 1900 to the International http://babbage.clarku.edu/~djoyce/hilbert/

The Mathematical Problems of David Hilbert About Hilbert's address and his 23 mathematical problems Hilbert's address of 1900 to the International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris is perhaps the most influential speech ever given to mathematicians, given by a mathematician, or given about mathematics. In it, Hilbert outlined 23 major mathematical problems to be studied in the coming century. Some are broad, such as the axiomatization of physics (problem 6) and might never be considered completed. Others, such as problem 3, were much more specific and solved quickly. Some were resolved contrary to Hilbert's expectations, as the continuum hypothesis (problem 1). Hilbert's address was more than a collection of problems. It outlined his philosophy of mathematics and proposed problems important to his philosophy. Although almost a century old, Hilbert's address is still important and should be read (at least in part) by anyone interested in pursuing research in mathematics. In 1974 a symposium was held at Northern Illinois University on the Mathematical developments arising from Hilbert problems.

55. Glossary Of People: Hi hilbert, david (18621943). hilbert. German mathematician who reduced geometryto a series of axioms and contributed substantially to the establishment of http://www.marxists.org/glossary/people/h/i.htm

MIA Encyclopedia of Marxism : Glossary of People Hi Hilbert, David (1862-1943) German mathematician who reduced geometry to a series of axioms and contributed substantially to the establishment of Formalism in foundations of mathematics. His work in 1909 on integral equations led to 20th-century research in functional analysis; his Formalism , which treats mathematics as a series of symbols which can be rearranged according to various formal rules, sheds no light on the obvious relevance of mathematics to natural science, but led to the development of meta-mathematics, the systematic study of the comparative structures of mathematical theories, which was essential to subsequent elucidation of the problems of the foundations of mathematics by and others. Hilbert introduced a highly original approach to the consideration of mathematical invariants which allowed the structure of mathematical theories to be themselves the subject of mathematical analysis in a way hither to unimagined. An invariant is that aspect of something which remains the same when a corresponding transformation is applied to something. The meaning of invariant is most easily understood in terms of geometrical transformations such as displacement (where shape and size are invariant) or dilation (where shape but not size are invariant). Hilbert proved that

56. David Hilbert (David M. Hilbert) david M. hilbert s Homepage. david hilbert. mugshot. Status Ph.D. Conferred6/19/99; Advisor david F. Redmiles. Visit my new home at FX Palo Alto http://www.ics.uci.edu/~dhilbert/

David Hilbert Status: Ph.D. Conferred 6/19/99 Advisor: David F. Redmiles Visit my new home at FX Palo Alto Laboratory Research Research Projects Publications Grad School Committee Progress Teaching Personal Music Travel Photos David M. Hilbert ... University of California, Irvine CA 92697

57. David Hilbert - Publications david M. hilbert. (Click here for the title page, table of contents, david M.hilbert and david F. Redmiles. (This is an expanded version of the http://www.ics.uci.edu/~dhilbert/papers/

Publications Click here to download Adobe's Acrobat Reader for free. Dissertation "Large-Scale Collection of Application Usage Data and User Feedback to Inform Interactive Software Development" . David M. Hilbert. (Click here for the title page, table of contents, and abstract ). Also published as Technical Report UCI-ICS-99-42 (See Below). "Collecting Usage Data and User Feedback on a Large Scale to Inform Software Development" . David M. Hilbert and David F. Redmiles. (This is the "Reader's Digest" version of the dissertation). Also published as Technical Report UCI-ICS-99-41 (See Below). "Extracting Usability Information from User Interface Events" . David M. Hilbert and David F. Redmiles. (This is an expanded version of the "Background" and "Related Work" chapters of the dissertation). Also published as Technical Report UCI-ICS-99-40 and in ACM Computing Surveys (See Below). Refereed Journal Articles "Extracting Usability Information from User Interface Events" . David M. Hilbert and David F. Redmiles. ACM Computing Surveys (To Appear). Also published as Technical Report UCI-ICS-99-40.

58. Hilbert, David hilbert, david (18621943). German mathematician, philosopher, and physicistwhose work was fundamental to 20th-century mathematics. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/H/Hilbert/1.html

Hilbert, David German mathematician, philosopher, and physicist whose work was fundamental to 20th-century mathematics. He founded the formalist school with Grundlagen der Geometrie/Foundations of Geometry 1899, which was based on his idea of postulates. Studying algebraic invariants, Hilbert had by 1892 not only solved all the known central problems of this branch of mathematics, he had introduced sweeping developments and new areas for research, particularly in algebraic topology. From 1909 Hilbert worked on problems of physics, such as the kinetic theory of gases and the theory of relativity.

59. Hilbert, David Hilbert: Information From Answers.com hilbert , david hilbert German mathematician (18621943) http://www.answers.com/topic/hilbert-david-hilbert

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Food Games ... More... On this page: Definition Kind Of Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Hilbert, David Hilbert Definition Hilbert David Hilbert German mathematician (1862-1943) ... is a Kind of Hilbert, David Hilbert is a kind of: mathematician Mentioned In Hilbert, David Hilbert is mentioned in the following topics: David Hilbert Definition information about Hilbert, David Hilbert More from Definition Your Ad Here Jump to: Definition Kind Of Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Send this page Print this page Link to this page Tell me about: Home About Tell a Friend Buzz ... Site Map

60. CSIRO Tropical Forest Research Centre and pest control by rainforest insects; Contact Dr david hilbert (david. in primary and secondary rainforests; Contact david hilbert (david. http://www.tfrc.csiro.au/staff.html

TFRC Home Research By Topic By Group ... Sustainable Ecosystems Home Staff Skills and Expertise The Tropical Forest Research Centre has scientists with high level expertise and experience covering a range of disciplines. Our expertise includes: Ecosystem Goods and Services Water regulation by forests Stocks of carbon in tropical landscapes Pollination and pest control by rainforest insects Contact: Dr David Hilbert David.Hilbert@csiro.au Biodiversity Management of threatened ecological processes Recovery of threatened species Conservation and bioregional planning Contact: Dr David Westcott David.Westcott@csiro.au Tropical Savannas Ecology and health of landscapes Natural resource management Regional planning and management Contact: Dr John Ludwig John.Ludwig@csiro.au Global Change Impacts of climate and land use changes on ecosystems and species Spatial modelling Remote sensing Contact: Dr David Hilbert David.Hilbert@csiro.au

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 3     41-60 of 110    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20