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         Herschel Caroline:     more books (51)
  1. Sweeper of the Skies; A Story of the Life of Caroline Herschel, Astonomer
  2. William and Caroline Herschel: Night O by Blair, 1995-06
  3. Famous Sisters of Great Men: Henriette Renan, Caroline Herschel, Mary Lamb, Dorothy Wordsworth, Fanny Mendelssohn
  4. The romance of woman's influence;: St. Monica, Vittoria Colonna, Madame Guyon, Caroline Herschel, Mary Unwin, Dorothy Wordsworth and other mothers, wives, ... and friends who have helped great men, by Alice Corkran, 1912
  5. Women in Eighteenth-Century Mathematics: An entry from Gale's <i>Science and Its Times</i> by Ellen Elghobashi, 2000
  6. Into the Unknown (Women History Makers) by Carole Stott, 1989-03
  7. Stars in her heart (Penguin series) by Ella May (White) Robinson, 1971
  8. Pioneer women by Margaret E Tabor, 1933

61. EXPLORE Caroline Herschel - Dictionary Of Astronomers
caroline herschel. Article from free online dictionary of astronomers with over1000 biographies.
http://www.dictionaryofeverything.com/explore/843/Caroline_Herschel.html

62. : Events : What's On : National Maritime Museum
An actor in the role of caroline herschel will lead this session, providing afascinating insight into how her own, and her brother William’s discoveries
http://www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conEvent.1112
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Longitude 0° 0' 0", Latitude 51° 28' 38" Inland Revenue Exempt Charity (No X92488). Find out how to support the Museum's work
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63. Caroline Herschel's Deep Sky Objects
Unless otherwise noted, the caroline herschel findings were looked up in John caroline herschel s objects include the conspicuous galaxy NGC 253,
http://www.obspm.fr/messier/xtra/similar/cher.html
Caroline Herschel's Deep Sky Objects
Besides and before assisting her brother, William Herschel, in his great Deep Sky survey starting in late 1782, Caroline Herschel herself was an avid astronomical observer, and discoverer of comets (she originally found 8 of them) and deepsky objects. William Herschel has included her discoveries in his catalog , and assigned numbers to them. M NGC Herschel RA Dec Con Type Discovery Date NGC 205 H V.18 00:40.4 +41:41 And G E5p 1783 Aug 27 NGC 225 H VIII.78 00:43.4 +61:47 Cas OC 1784 NGC 253 H V.1 00:47.6 -25:17 Scl G Sc 1783 Sep 23 NGC 381 H VIII.64 01:08.3 +61:35 Cas OC 1783 NGC 659 H VIII.65 01:44.2 +60:42 Cas OC 1783 NGC 891 H V.19 02:22.6 +42:21 And G Sb 1783 Aug 27 (according to W.H. Smyth) NGC 2204 H VII.13 06:15.7 -18:39 CMa OC 1783 Feb 26 (appendix to W.H.'s 1st catalog) NGC 2349 H VII.27 07:10.8 -08:36 Mon OC? 1783 NGC 2360 H VII.12 07:17.8 -15:37 CMa OC 1785 (1783 Feb 26?) M 48 NGC 2548 H VI.22 08:13.8 -05:48 Hya OC 1783

64. Caroline Herschel
herschel, caroline 17501848 English Astronomer caroline worked on thecomplicated mathematics for her brothger s observations.
http://www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2/people_n2/women_n2/herschel.html
Herschel, Caroline
English Astronomer

Her brother, Sir Frederick William, pioneered in the study of galaxies and also discovered the planet Uranus. Caroline worked on the complicated mathematics for her brothger's observations. In 1928 the Royal Astronomical Society awarded her its gold medal for discovering eight comets and arranging a catalogue of 2,500 nebulae and star clusters.
www link :
Biography

Grace Hopper
American Commodore and Scientist
She attended Yale and New York Universities during World War II when she joined the Naval Reserve. She was commissioned a Lieutenant and ordered to the Bureau of Ordinance Computation Project at Harvard, where she learned to program computers. She later worked as a mathematician in Philadelphia, and helped program the first commercial large-scale electronic computer. Her navy career resumed in 1967 after she had been inactive since the war. She was appointed in 1983 as Commodore; the title of that grade changed to Rear Admiral in1985. Many colleges and universities have conferred honorary degrees on Admiral Hopper, and she was the recipient of the first Computer Sciences 'Man of the Year' award presented by the Data Processing Management Association.
Sofya Kovalevskaya
Russian Mathematician
Mathematician and novelist who studied in Germany. She wrote a remarkable thesis on partial differential equations. In 1884 she became professor of higher mathematics at the University of Stockholm. Four years later she was awarded the Prix Borodin for a paper on the rotation of a solid body around a fixed point. Her work was so extraordinary that the value of the prize was doubled.

65. Caroline Herschel
Translate this page En total caroline herschel descubrió 8 cometas entre 1786 y 1797 y se embarco enel trabajo de realizar correcciones en el catalogo de Flamssteed el cual
http://almaak.tripod.com/biografias/caroline_herschel.htm
Principal Búsqueda Grupo Galería ... Constelaciones
Caroline Lucretia Herschel
© 2001. Carlos Andrés Carvajal T.
Astrónomo Autodidacta.
Nació el 16 de marzo de 1750 en Hannover. Hermana de William Herschel, recibió de su padre una educación que la hizo interesar por la música y las ciencias. Después de la ocupación francesa de Hannover quedó bajo el control de su madre quien la envió a estudiar y la mantuvo ocupada con las labores de la casa. Posteriormente su padre regreso de la guerra y ella se mantuvo a su servicio hasta su muerte en 1767. Después de la muerte de su padre por fin tomó el control de su propia vida y estudió modistería y otras artes. En 1772 Caroline se unió a su hermano William en Bath, allí él tenía la música como profesión y siempre muy cercano a su hermana le enseñó canto. En la medida en que William en sus tiempos libres se involucraba mas y mas en la astronomía le enseño a Caroline lecciones de matemáticas e inglés. Además de cantante, Caroline ayudaba a su hermano en actividades musicales y disfrutaban el tiempo libre con la construcción de telescopios. En la medida que pasaba el tiempo ella iba ahondando sus estudios de matemáticas, álgebra, trigonometría y astronomía. La astronomía paso de ser una entretención para William una vez que descubrió Urano y comenzó a recibir pagos de la corona por su trabajo por el año de 1785, Caroline a su vez también abandonó sus múltiples actividades para dedicarse de lleno a la astronomía, se encargó con un pequeño telescopio de la búsqueda de cometas.

66. C. Herschel Objects
caroline herschel Objects NGC7789, NGC891, NGC205 and NGC253. caroline herscheldiscovered 13 deep sky objects from 1783 to 1787.
http://www.whiteoaks.com/sketches/chershel.html
White Oaks.home Sketches Index Previous Next
Caroline Herschel Objects
Caroline Herschel Objects - NGC7789, NGC891, NGC205 and NGC253 Caroline Herschel discovered 13 deep sky objects from 1783 to 1787. Here are my sketches of some of them. NGC7789 - The Magnificent Cluster in Cassiopeia NGC891, Spiral Galaxy in Andromeda NGC205, Irregular Galaxy, companion to M31 in Andromeda NGC253, the Sculptor Galaxy in Sculptor White Oaks.home Sketches Index Previous Next

67. ESA - Science - Home - Revealing The Invisible: Caroline And William Herschel
William herschel was one of the first professional astronomers, His sisterCaroline helped him to develop the modern mathematical approach to
http://www.esa.int/esaSC/SEM8600P4HD_index_0.html
ESA Home Space Science About Space Science ESA's 'Cosmic Vision' Multimedia Science images Science videos Animations Downloads ... Sounds from space Media centre Press Releases Press kits ESA Television Resources Reference section Glossary FAQs Science missions BepiColombo Cassini-Huygens Cluster Corot ... XMM-Newton Services Help Comments Subscribe Search All Space Science Advanced Search Sir William Herschel, 1738 - 1822 Revealing the invisible: Caroline and William Herschel
The Herschels were pioneers of the systematic classification and investigation of the heavens. William Herschel was one of the first 'professional' astronomers, and discovered infrared radiation. His sister Caroline helped him to develop the modern mathematical approach to astronomy.
William, son of a musician, was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1738. He followed in his father's marching footsteps, joining the Hanoverian Guard band to play the oboe. Herschel moved to England to become a teacher in 1755, eventually settling in Bath in 1766.
He became interested in astronomy, and started to build his own telescopes. He developed and refined the reflector design first suggested by Isaac Newton to avoid problems with poor glass optics. Herschel cast and polished his own mirrors, producing ever bigger and better telescopes.
Caroline Herschel In 1772, he invited Caroline to join him as an assistant in his musical business, and she moved to Bath too. Both enjoyed watching the skies and, in 1781, William discovered the planet Uranus. He named it briefly 'Georgium Sidus' in honour of the British King.

68. Caroline Herschel Main Web Page
The caroline herschel Visitor Program to Enhance Women Minority We envisionthe caroline herschel visitors meeting regularly with the STScI junior
http://www.stsci.edu/institute/sd/ch
Help Search The Institute HST ... SD Initiatives Brainstorming Sessions Colloquia JHU Science Talks Journal Clubs ... 2005 Fall Mini-Workshop: Nearby Resolved Debris Disks Staff Post-Doctoral Fellows Science Staff List Students Resources SD Archive Publications ST Library Visitor Program
1) Providing a stimulating and productive environment for colleagues in the community to spend time at the Space Telescope Science Institute working and lecturing on their scientific projects. 2) Providing active mentoring to the STScI junior scientists, especially women and other underrepresented groups. Program details: - The program is intended for distinguished women and minority scientists from the international astronomical community - Travel and lodging expenses would be covered, but not salary support. - Typical visits would be 1 - 3 months (e.g., while on a research leave or part of a sabbatical), but exceptions would be considered. - We envision the "Caroline Herschel" visitors meeting regularly with the STScI junior staff, women and minority scientists, and being members of selected short term committees. They would also be invited to participate in panel discussions organized within the mentoring program.
If interested, please contact Science Division Head, Antonella Nota (nota@stsci.edu).

69. Caroline Herschel Visitor Program Guidelines
GUIDELINES FOR SUPPORT caroline herschel VISITORS TO STScI The carolineherschel visitor will be reimbursed for one round trip between the visitor s
http://www.stsci.edu/institute/sd/ch/visitorGuidelines
Help Search The Institute HST ... SD Initiatives Brainstorming Sessions Colloquia JHU Science Talks Journal Clubs ... 2005 Fall Mini-Workshop: Nearby Resolved Debris Disks Staff Post-Doctoral Fellows Science Staff List Students Resources SD Archive Publications ST Library Visitor Program
GUIDELINES FOR SUPPORT CAROLINE HERSCHEL VISITORS TO STScI This document is intended for helping the Caroline Herschel visitors to plan their visit. We ask your cooperation in adhering to the following guidelines. Scientists invited to STScI under the auspices of the Caroline Herschel Programs are eligible to receive the following support:
  • Travel reimbursement Lodging and subsistence expenses Rental Car
  • In addition, the Science Division will support the visit through allocations of office space, computer accounts, etc. Your Science Division contact for all such logistic support is the Visitor Coordinator (presently Patty Reeves, Room 406B, x4794, reeves@stsci.edu ). For policy questions, contact the Caroline Herschle Chair (presently Antonella Nota nota@stsci.edu

    70. ASP: Women In Astronomy: An Introductory Resource Guide
    herschel, M. Memoirs and Correspondence of caroline herschel. 1876, Appleton.Higgins, F. Sweeper of the Skies caroline herschel. 1967, Follett.
    http://www.astrosociety.org/education/resources/womenast_bib04.html
    home education
    SEARCH ASP SITE: Education Topics: Programs Activities Resources The Universe in ... Forums
    Women in Astronomy: An Introductory Resource Guide
    Geller, Margaret Ames, Joan. Mastery: Interviews with 30 Remarkable People. 1997, Rudra Press. Geller, Margaret. "The Big Picture" in Natural History, Feb. 2000, vol. 109, p. 74. Goldsmith, Donald The Astronomers . 1991, St. Martin's Press. The chapter entitled "Mapping the Universe" profiles Geller's life and work. Greenstein, George Portraits of Discovery. 1998, John Wiley. Chapter 8 of this collection of biographical articles is about Margaret Geller and John Huchra. Lemonick, Michael The Light at the Edge of the Universe. 1993, Villard/Random House. See especially Chapter 3. Origins . 1990, Harvard U. Press. Overbye, Dennis Lonely Hearts of the Cosmos.

    71. The Astronomy Connection: Caroline Herschel Biography
    got, Michael Hoskin s biography of caroline herschel. Titled The herschelPartnership, as viewed by caroline. Sky Publishing has it.
    http://observers.org/tac.mailing.list/2005/Feb/0285.html
    Caroline Herschel biography
    From : Jamie Dillon ^lt; jamie_dillon_at_pvusd.net
    Date : Wed Feb 16 2005 - 17:12:51 MST
    Marek was thinking of reading up on the Herschels ...
    Apparently I didn't rave yet on TAC about the Christmas present I
    got, Michael Hoskin's biography of Caroline Herschel. Titled "The
    Herschel Partnership, as viewed by Caroline." Sky Publishing has it.
    Just as an aside, TAC-AL members can get a good deal thru the
    Astronomical League book service; I did.
    This is a wonderful book, full of vivid details about the lives of
    these two marvelous people. It's the first bio of Caroline herself.
    Now David Kingsley mentioned two books that are primary sources, The Herschel Chronicles, and Memoirs of Caroline Herschel. http://observers.org/tac.mailing.list/2003/Sep/0432.html For both of those you have to deal directly with the Herschel bookstore in Bath, yes in the UK. And sour grapes or not, Hoskin does use those two books a lot, as sources for his bio.

    72. The Astronomy Connection: Re: Caroline Herschel Biography
    Re caroline herschel biography. This message Message body More options ;Related messages Next caroline herschel discovered M52
    http://observers.org/tac.mailing.list/2005/Feb/0287.html
    Re: Caroline Herschel biography
    From : Randy Muller ^lt; rmuller_at_surewest.net
    Date : Wed Feb 16 2005 - 19:45:44 MST
    Jamie Dillon wrote:
    What?!
    I believe M52 was discovered in 1774 by Charles Messier.
    Received on Wed Feb 16 19:43:56 2005

    73. William Herschel
    William and caroline herschel were the first astronomers in history to do asystematic caroline herschel (17501848) joined her brother in Bath in 1772.
    http://hometown.aol.com/deepskyguy1/williamherschel.html
    htmlAdWH('93212816', '728', '90'); Main Astronomy Home Astronomical Web Rings ... The Expanding Universe
    Sir William Herschel (1738-1822) This image was taken from the Web site of the Royal Observatory Greenwich , which is a part of the National Maritime Museum. No history of astronomy would be complete without an account of the contributions made by William Herschel (Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel) and his sister Caroline. William Herschel was born in 1738 in Hanover, Germany. William left Germany in 1757 and took up residence in Bath, England, where he made his living as a musician and music teacher. As a composer, William was fairly well accomplished; listed among his works are 24 symphonies, 7 violin concertos, 2 organ concertos, along with other compositions.
    The Discovery of Uranus Increasingly, William’s interests turned to astronomy. The first entry made in William’s astronomical journal was in 1766, and on March 13, 1781, William made his historic discovery of the planet Uranus. Contrary to popular belief, the discovery of Uranus was far from accidental. In fact, William had been observing Uranus as, what he believed it to be at the time, a comet for many weeks. William proposed naming the new planet “Georgium Sidus” (George’s star) after King George III, of American Revolution fame, but it was named, instead, “Uranus”. As a result of his discovery and his flattering gesture toward the king, William was knighted and made court astronomer by King George. Along with his discovery of Uranus, William is also attributed with the discovery of two of the moons of Uranus as well as two of the moons of Saturn.

    74. Great Creation Scientists
    caroline herschel. Scientific achievements. caroline was her brother William’sdevoted and Encarta 96 Encyclopedia, herschel, caroline Lucretia,
    http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v22/i3/scientists.asp
    @import url("/styles/default.css"); @import url("/styles/print.css");
    Answers in Genesis: Upholding the Authority of the Bible from the Very First Verse
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    Please select your country to get all the benefits of this site: Australia Canada New Zealand South Africa United Kingdom United States Other countries... Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Azores Bahamas Bahrain Balearic Islands Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Canary Islands Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Faroe Islands Fed. States of Micronesia

    75. Caroline Herschel Biography
    caroline herschel s parents concluded that she would never marry but would liveher life as an old maid. Instead, caroline herschel became one of the most
    http://space.about.com/cs/astronomyhistory/a/herschelcar.htm
    var zLb=3; zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Space / Astronomy People - Bios/Jobs/Life ... Astronomer Biographies Caroline Herschel Biography Homework Help Space / Astronomy Essentials Education ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb);
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    Search Space / Astronomy Caroline Lucretia Herschel, Astronomer
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    Caroline Herschel Biography
    From Nick Greene
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    76. Caroline Lucretia Herschel (Grades 9-12) - First Lady Of Astronomy
    (Grades 912) caroline Lucretia herschel - First Lady of Astronomy. caroline Lucretiaherschel was born on March 16, 1750 in Hannover, Germany.
    http://space.about.com/cs/kidshu1/a/carherschel912.htm
    var zLb=3; zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Space / Astronomy Homework Help ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb);
    FREE Newsletter
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    unknown Stay up to date! Caroline Lucretia Herschel, Astronomer
    unknown Email to a friend Print this page
    Other Versions of This Article Full Story Grades 5-8 Grades 9-12 Related resources to Caroline Herschel Biography Mary Somerville Maria Mitchell Recent Discussions Apollo 1 Fire Comet Man First Lady of Astronomy Most Popular Close Approach of Mars in 2005 Mars Closest To Earth in 50... Shuttle Challenger Disaster Space and Astronomy Pictures What's Hot The Spacesuit Anaxagoras of Clazomenae Bio Ptolemy Biography Pluto - Pictures and Astronomy Facts ... Asteroid On Collision Cours...
    Caroline Lucretia Herschel (Grades 9-12)
    From Nick Greene
    Your Guide to Space / Astronomy
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    77. Herschel. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
    Sir William’s sister, caroline Lucretia herschel, 1750–1848, discovered eight See MC herschel, Memoirs and Correspondence of caroline herschel (1876).
    http://www.bartleby.com/65/he/Herschel.html
    Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Herschel l) ( KEY ) , family of distinguished English astronomers.

    78. Women In Science: Caroline Herschel
    Biography of caroline herschel, an astronomer and scientist. Information on herlife and career.
    http://co.essortment.com/carolinehersche_renb.htm
    Women in Science: Caroline Herschel
    Biography of Caroline Herschel, an astronomer and scientist. Information on her life and career.
    Caroline Herschel was a woman astronomer and scientist that lived during both the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. She is best known for her major contribution to the study of comets. Caroline Lucretia Herschel was born in Hanover, Germany on March 16, 1750, the daughter of Isaac and Anna Isle Moritzen Herschel. Her father, Isaac, was a gardener by trade to support his family, but he was also a clever musician, an oboist in the Hanovarian Foot Guards, rising to the position of bandmaster. Although he had no formal education, he strove to educate his four sons and two daughters and encouraged them all to learn mathematics, French, and music. Anna, however, looked upon education with disdain. While she reluctantly accepted that her four sons should receive some education, she strongly objected to her daughters receiving any education beyond that of basic housekeeping. While her brothers were all raised to be musicians, Caroline had a thirst for knowledge that her father tried to satisfy, despite her mother’s strong opposition. Tragedy struck Caroline at the age of ten and she contracted Typhus, which stunted her growth so that she never grew past four foot three inches tall. Because of her deformity, her father told her that she would never marry and would live out her life without a mate. This prediction became true, but she had many lifelong friends and admirers.

    79. Caroline Herschel -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article
    caroline herschel. Categories Women in science, British women caroline Lucretiaherschel (March 16 1750 – January 9 1848) was a (A person of German
    http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/c/ca/caroline_herschel.htm
    Caroline Herschel
    [Categories: Women in science, British women scientists, British astronomers, 1848 deaths, 1750 births]
    Caroline Lucretia Herschel (A person of German nationality) German -born (An Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the Commonwealth countries) English (A physicist who studies astronomy) astronomer . She worked with her brother Sir (English astronomer (born in Germany) who discovered infrared light and who catalogued the stars and discovered the planet Uranus (1738-1822)) William Herschel . Her main contribution to astronomy was the discovery of some new ((astronomy) a relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen mass that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit) comet s. In particular, the periodic comet 35P/Herschel-Rigollet bears her name.
    Herschel was born in (The English royal house that reigned from 1714 to 1901 (from George I to Victoria)) Hanover . In the autumn of 1772 she joined her brother William in England, where he had established himself as a teacher of music at (You soak your body in a bathtub) Bath . She co-operated with him both in his professional duties and in the astronomical researches to which he had already begun to devote all his spare time. She was the principal singer at his (A musical composition for voices and orchestra based on a religious text) oratorio concerts, and acquired such a reputation as a vocalist that she was offered an engagement for the

    80. [29.01] The REAL Caroline Herschel
    29.01 The REAL caroline herschel. MA Hoskin (Fellow, Churchill College, Cambridge,UK). caroline herschel (17501848) is famous as the discoverer of eight
    http://www.aas.org/publications/baas/v35n5/aas203/586.htm
    AAS 203rd Meeting, January 2004
    Session 29 Doggett Prize Lecture
    Invited, Monday, January 5, 2004, 11:40am-12:30pm, Centennial I/II
    [Previous] [Session 29] [Next]
    [29.01] The REAL Caroline Herschel
    M. A. Hoskin (Fellow, Churchill College, Cambridge, UK) Caroline Herschel (1750-1848) is famous as the discoverer of eight comets, and the author of an Index to Flamsteed's British Catalogue of Stars, which the Royal Society published at its own expense. She was the devoted collaborator of her brother William during the twenty years he spent 'sweeping' for nebulae; and in old age she reorganized William's 2500 nebulae into a zone catalog that enabled his son John to re-examine these objects systematically, a work for which she was awarded a Gold Medal of the RAS. Nevertheless, study of her autobiographies and other manuscripts shows that her attitude to astronomy was ambivalent. William had rescued her from drudgery in Hanover, and her primary concern was to express her gratitude to him, even when his interests turned from music to astronomy and as a result she was required to abandon her career as a singer. Yet although the decision was hers, she often resented the sacrifice she had made. She emerges as a complex and often troubled personality, very different from the serene observer of legend. The author(s) of this abstract have provided an email address for comments about the abstract: michael.hoskin@ntlworld.com

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