41. J.W. Gibbs The Scientific Papers of J. willard gibbs. Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1961, 434 pp. an unabridged and unaltered republication of the work http://titan.minpet.unibas.ch/minpet/thermodict/notes/gibbspaper.html

Earth Sciences Uni Basel Encyclopedia of Thermodynamics Notes on J.W. Gibbs by Christian de Capitani Navigation Window: Thermodynamics in Basel The Scientific Papers of J. Willard Gibbs [Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1961, 434 pp. an unabridged and unaltered republication of the work originally published by Longmans, Green and Company in 1906] From the introduction by Henry Andrews Bumstead: Josiah Willard Gibbs was born in New Haven, Connecticut, February 11, 1839, and died in the same city, April 28, 1903. He graduated from Yale College in 1858, received the degree of doctor of philosophy in 1863 and was appointed a tutor in the college for a term of three years. After his term as tutor he went to Paris (winter 1866/67) and to Berlin (1967), where he heard the lectures of Magnus and other teachers of physics and mathematics. In 1868 he went to Heidelberg where Kirchhoff and Ostwald were then stationed returning to New Haven in June 1869. Two years later he was appointed Professor of mathematical physics in Yale College, a position he held until the time of his death. In 1876 and 1878 he published the two parts of the paper "On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances", which is generally considered his most important contribution to physical sciences. It was translated into German in 1881 by Ostwald and into French in 1889 by Le Chatelier.

42. Gibbs J. willard gibbs was the first person to be awarded a Ph.D. in science from an American University (Yale, 1863). Spontaneous reactions often have http://wine1.sb.fsu.edu/chm1046/notes/Thermody/Gibbs/Gibbs.htm

CHM 1046 General Chemistry II Dr. Michael Blaber Chemical Thermodynamics Gibbs Free Energy J. Willard Gibbs was the first person to be awarded a Ph.D. in science from an American University (Yale, 1863) Spontaneous reactions often have: A negative enthalpy (release of heat energy, D An increase in entropy (increase in disorder, D The spontaneity of a reaction appears to involve two thermodynamic properties: enthalpy and entropy Furthermore, spontaneous reactions are those that go downhill in energetic terms. In other words, the final state has a lower energy content than the initial state Gibbs came up with an equation, combining both enthalpy and entropy contributions, that provided a means to describe energy content and therefore a means to evaluate the spontaneity of a reaction when that energy content changes. The energy contents of a substance was termed the Gibbs Free Energy and it was defined by the Gibbs Free Energy equation: G = H - T*S The free energy of a substance = stored heat energy - inherent disorder at a reference temperature H is enthalpy, S is entropy and T is the temperature in Kelvin

43. MATTER Glossary gibbs, J(osiah) willard. Feb. 11, 1839 April 28, 1903. Theoretical physicist and chemist. He received the first doctorate of engineering to be conferred http://www.matter.org.uk/glossary/detail.asp?dbid=186

44. Josiah Willard Gibbs Translate this page Anfrage an Zentralblatt MATH bezüglich J* willard gibbs Die auf gibbs, J standardmäßig reduzierte Autorenanfrage liefert noch die Werke anderer Autoren. http://www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/helios/fachinfo/www/math/homo-heid/gibbs.htm

Josiah Willard Gibbs Studium in Heidelberg Gibbs, Josiah Willard (11.2.1839 - 28.4.1903) Lexika (Printausgaben) WWW-Biographien Print-Biographien Werk Bibliographien Lexika Mathematiker-Lexikon / Herbert Meschkowski Heidelberg Bd. 8 (1996), S. 541 Gibbs, Josiah Willard, amerikan. Mathematiker und Physiker, Werk: Elementary principles in statistical mechanics ... (1902); dt. Elementare Grundlagen der statist. Mechanik ...). Ausgaben: The collected works, hg. v. W. R. LONGLEY u.a., 2 Bde. (Neuausg. 1957); The scientific papers, 2 Bde. (1906, Nachdr. 1993-94). L. P. WHEELER: J. W. G. The history of a great mind (Neuausg. New Haven, Conn., 1962, Nachdr. Hamden, Conn., 1970); R. J. SEEGER: J. W. G. (Oxford 1974). Top WWW-Biographien Biographie vom St. Andrews Archiv Eric Weisstein's Scientific Biography Encyclopaedia Britannica Weitere WWW-Biographien Uni Kaiserslautern Woonsocket High School Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia Hallym University, Korea ... Notes on J.W. Gibbs von der Uni Basel University of Houston Top Print-Biographien Dictionary of Scientific Biography. - New York

45. A Letter From Lord Rayleigh To J. Willard Gibbs And His Reply A Letter from Lord Rayleigh to J. willard gibbs and His Reply. Edwin B. Wilson. Harvard School of Public Health. Full text http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1078745

46. PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway Search/Browse Results Dr. J. willard gibbs Josiah willard gibbs (1839 1903) has been reckoned In the spring of 1873 J. willard gibbs published the first of his three great http://www.psigate.ac.uk/roads/cgi-bin/search_webcatalogue.pl?term1=Josiah Willa

47. PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway Search/Browse Results Your search for Josiah* +willard* +gibbs gave 11 results, LIC Reference Number PRRF0608 gibbs, JW plates in The scientific papers of J. willard gibbs http://www.psigate.ac.uk/roads/cgi-bin/searchpublishers.pl?term1=Josiah Willard

48. Auteur - GIBBS J. Willard http://fondsdoc.bibli.espci.fr/Auteur.htm?numrec=061950302913210

49. Kids.net.au - Encyclopedia Willard Gibbs - Among the honors given to gibbs memory after his death, Yale University created the J. willard gibbs Professorship in Theoretical Chemistry. http://www.kids.net.au/encyclopedia-wiki/wi/Willard_Gibbs

Web kids.net.au Thesaurus Dictionary Kids Categories Encyclopedia ... Contents Encyclopedia - Willard Gibbs Josiah Willard Gibbs February 11 April 28 ) was an American physical chemist , sometimes classed as a physicist and sometimes as a chemist , but better thought of as the founder of the science of physical chemistry Early life Gibbs was born in New Haven, Connecticut , where his father was a professor of sacred literature at Yale University 's Divinity School. (Though his father was also named Josiah Willard, he is not referred to as "Josiah Willard Gibbs, Jr.") Gibbs attended Yale College of Yale University, receiving prizes in mathematics and Latin . He graduated, high in his class, in , and continued at Yale, gaining his Ph. D. degree in , the first engineering doctorate granted in the United States. He then tutored in Yale College: two years in Latin and a year in what was then called "natural philosophy." In he went to Europe to study, spending one year each at Paris Berlin , and Heidelberg . These three years were almost the only time he was ever away from the New Haven area. Mature life In he returned to Yale and, in

50. JCE 1996 (73) 289 [Apr] Josiah Willard Gibbs And Wilhelm Ostwald: A Contrast In Citation Deltete, Robert J.; Thorsell, David L. Josiah willard gibbs and Wilhelm Ostwald A Contrast in Scientific Style J. Chem. Educ. 1996 73 289. http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/Journal/Issues/1996/Apr/abs289.html

Josiah Willard Gibbs and Wilhelm Ostwald: A Contrast in Scientific Style Robert J. Deltete and David L. Thorsell Seattle University, Seattle, WA 98122 This article describes the very different personalities and scientific styles of the physicist Josiah Willard Gibbs and the chemist Wilhelm Ostwald. Citation : Deltete, Robert J.; Thorsell, David L. Josiah Willard Gibbs and Wilhelm Ostwald: A Contrast in Scientific Style J. Chem. Educ. Keywords April 1996 Vol. 73 No. 4 p. 289 Current Issue Past Issues Supplements Features ... Site Info Last Updated: September 28, 1999 Created: September 23, 1999 Comments to: jceonline@chem.wisc.edu

51. JCE 1996 (73) 384 [May] Introduction To The Paper Symposium He holds that certain statements of J.willard gibbs should be interpreted in this sense (Schomaker and Waser disagree). Noyes has even concluded that it is http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/Journal/Issues/1996/May/abs384.html

Introduction to the Paper Symposium D. K. Carpenter Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA 70808 Most students of physical chemistry, as well as their teachers, regard equilibrium chemical thermodynamics as an impressive, useful, and stable subject that was "finished" long ago. As part of their education, students in physical chemistry have been taught the importance and the usefulness of the Gibbs function (formerly called the Gibbs free energy function). The antiquity of the subject and the presumed mastery of its basics by physical chemistry teachers are taken for granted as given parts of the educational and scientific scene in chemical education. It comes as a surprise to occasionally discover that even those who teach this venerable subject sometimes disagree, not merely in matters of style or organization of the subject, or in matters of mathematical elegance, but in matters of real substance. The following four papers are examples of this. My role here is simply to introduce this set of papers and to provide some orientation regarding their contents. The authors have been in private communication with each other for a period of over four years about the use and the proper definition of the Gibbs function. The lengthy period of correspondence has not resulted in any significant agreement. The Editor of

52. The Adsorption Theorem Of J. Willard Gibbs. Anomalies In Applying It To Surface The adsorption theorem of J. willard gibbs. Anomalies in applying it to surface tension curves that exhibit minima in dilute solution http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0034-4885/5/1/305

@import url(http://ej.iop.org/style/nu/EJ.css); Quick guide Site map Athens login IOP login: Password: Create account Alerts Contact us Journals Home ... This issue J W McBain et al Rep. Prog. Phys. The adsorption theorem of J. Willard Gibbs. Anomalies in applying it to surface tension curves that exhibit minima in dilute solution J W McBain and G F Mills Stanford University, California Print publication: Issue 1 (1938) doi:10.1088/0034-4885/5/1/305 URL: http://stacks.iop.org/0034-4885/5/30 PDF (1.11 MB) References Articles citing this article Full text PDF (1.11 MB) References Articles citing this article Article options E-mail abstract Download to citation manager Link to this article Information about Filing Cabinet Find related articles By author J W McBain G F Mills IOP CrossRef Search Recommend Recommend this article Recommend this journal Author services NEW ... Submit referee report Reasons to login Set up an E-mail alert Use your Filing Cabinet Login Previous article ... Help Biomedical Materials British Journal of Applied Physics (1950-1967) Chinese Physics Chinese Physics Letters Classical and Quantum Gravity Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement (1980-1992) Combustion Theory and Modelling (1997-2004) Distributed Systems Engineering (1994-1999) European Journal of Physics Inverse Problems Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal of Geophysics and Engineering Journal of High Energy Physics Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering Journal of Neural Engineering Journal of Nuclear Energy, Part C (1959-1966)

53. Famous Scientists Of Thermodynamics J willard gibbs father, also called Josiah willard gibbs, was professor of sacred literature at Yale University. In fact the gibbs family originated in http://about-thermodynamics.com/gibbs.html

Thermodynamics History Chronology Scientists Robert Boyle John Dalton Robert Mayer James Joule ... Max Planck Our Friends A little bit about thermodynamics Josiah Willard Gibbs Born: 11 Feb 1839 in New Haven, Connecticut, USA Died: 28 April 1903 in New Haven, Connecticut, USA J Willard Gibbs ' father, also called Josiah Willard Gibbs, was professor of sacred literature at Yale University. In fact the Gibbs family originated in Warwickshire, England and moved from there to Boston in 1658. However Gibbs is said to have taken after his mother in physical appearance. Gibbs was educated at the local Hopkins Grammar School where he was described as friendly but withdrawn. His total commitment to academic work together with rather delicate health meant that he was little involved with the social life of the school. In 1854 he entered Yale College where he won prizes for excellence in Latin and Mathematics. Remaining at Yale, Gibbs began to undertake research in engineering, writing a thesis in which he used geometrical methods to study the design of gears. When he was awarded a doctorate from Yale in 1863 it was the first doctorate of engineering to be conferred in the United States. After this he served as a tutor at Yale for three years, teaching Latin for the first two years and then Natural Philosophy in the third year. He was not short of money however since his father had died in 1861 and, since his mother had also died, Gibbs and his two sisters inherited a fair amount of money. From 1866 to 1869 Gibbs studied in Europe. He went with his sisters and spent the winter of 1866-67 in Paris, followed by a year in Berlin and, finally spending 1868-69 in Heidelberg. In Heidelberg he was influenced by Kirchhoff and Helmholtz.

54. Chemistry Of Gibbs Helmholtz Energetik The American chemist and physicist J. willard gibbs (18391903) of Yale university was the first to formulate a fundamental theory theory of the http://www.compuchem.com/gibbs_us.htm

Home Download Order email The Basis of Energetics 1. History of Chemical Energetics In the last third of the nineteenth century different scientists tried to find a connection between energy and the driving force of chemical reactions. Since reactions that go more thoroughly to completion tend to be exothermic, the French chemist Marcelin BERTHELOT (1827-1907) proposed a first principle: "The thermal energy of a chemical reaction and the constancy of the products formed spontaneously at these reactions are a measure for the chemical affinity." By affinity (Lat. kinship) the old chemists understood the ability of materials to react with each other; those that exhibited this tendency were considered to be "kindred". Also the English scientist Sir William THOMSON (lord KELVIN) independently developed essentially the same hypothesis, namely that endothermic reactions could not take place spontaneously (at that time no conterexamples were known; the endothermic dissolution of salts was not then considered a chemical process.) The American chemist and physicist J. Willard GIBBS (1839-1903) of Yale university was the first to formulate a fundamental theory theory of the thermodynamics of the driving force of chemical reactions. Also the Dutch chemist van't HOFF, who worked at the Prussian academy of sciences, demonstrated experimentally in 1906 that the energy released in a reaction does not of itself determine whether or not a reaction proceeds. Van't Hoff ascertained when mixing natriumsulfate (=sodiumsulfate) with kaliumchloride (=potassiumchloride) a endotherm reaction under liquefaction. At this reaction the order in the crystall lattice changes.

55. ChemTeam: Photo Gallery Six J. willard gibbs (young) 21K. J. willard gibbs (young) 8K. J. willard gibbs 20K. Johann Glauber 35K. Thomas Graham 30K. Fritz Haber 13K http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Gallery/Gallery6.html

ChemTeam Photo Gallery Six Return to ChemTeam Main Menu Return to Photo Gallery Menu Go to Gallery Seven Herman Frasch [16K] Joseph Fraunhofer [19K] Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac [22K] Hans Geiger [15K] J. Willard Gibbs (young) [21K] J. Willard Gibbs (young) [8K] J. Willard Gibbs [20K] Johann Glauber [35K] Thomas Graham [30K] Fritz Haber [13K] Charles Martin Hall [22K] Julia Brainerd Hall [10K]

56. Álgebra Vectorial Translate this page A Commentary on the Scientific Writings of J willard gibbs (1936). The scientific papers of J willard gibbs (2 volumes) (New York, (1961), XI-XXVI. http://html.rincondelvago.com/algebra-vectorial.html

Inicio Apuntes Amor SMS Nuevo Juegos Ocio Foros document.write (' Ficha del Documento'); Ayuda document.write (' (ficha del documento)'); document.write (' (versión en PDF)'); document.write (' (versión para descargar en ZIP)'); document.write(''); document.write('NUEVA APLICACIÓN DE ENVÍO DE SMS'); document.write(''); document.write(' '); document.write(' Descarga la nueva herramienta de envío de SMS. Podrás hacer envíos internacionales, enviar mensajes con tu número de teléfono como remitente, enviar MMS y muchas más novedades. No podía ser mejor y más barato. DESCÁRGALA GRATIS'); document.write(''); document.write(''); Gibbs, Josiah Willard Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839-1903), físico estadounidense nacido en New Haven (Connecticut); estudió en las universidades de Yale, París, Berlín y Heidelberg. Fue profesor de física matemática en Yale desde 1871 hasta su muerte. Entre 1876 y 1878 Gibbs escribió una serie de ensayos titulados colectivamente El equilibrio de las sustancias heterogéneas, considerados como uno de los mayores logros de la física del siglo XIX y la base de la química física. En estos ensayos Gibbs aplicó la termodinámica a la química y mostró la explicación y correlación de hechos aislados e inexplicables hasta ese momento. El mérito de relacionar en un cuerpo teórico coherente, las tres magnitudes que caracterizan en términos termodinámicos un proceso químico: la variación de energía libre, la variación de entalpía y la variación de entropía. A partir de entonces la Termodinámica se convierte en una disciplina de capacidad

57. Chapter 5 Links Entropy and the Second Law a very complete and nonmathematical discussion of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. J. willard gibbs (1838 - 1903) biography. http://www.digipacsoftware.com/chemistry/mtom/chap5links.htm

The following links to sites are not part of the "Mission to Mars" material, but provide information that may be of interest. Ludwig Boltzmann (1844 - 1906): a brilliant mathematician and physicist, he suffered from manic depression . Depressed, at least in part, over refusal of other scientists to see his point of view, he committed suicide. Here is his biography Canadian Waterfalls heights of various Canadian waterfalls Sadi Carnot biography Entropy and the Second Law: a very complete and non-mathematical discussion of the Second Law of Thermodynamics J. Willard Gibbs (1838 - 1903): biography

58. Hierarchical Thermodynamics 1998 is the 125th anniversary of the publication by J. willard gibbs of his first J. willard gibbs later created the general thermodynamic theory, http://www.endeav.org/evolut/hierar/hierar.htm

1998 is the 125th anniversary of the publication by J. Willard Gibbs of his first thermodynamic work "Graphical methods in the thermodynamics of fluids". J. Willard Gibbs later created the general thermodynamic theory, which is a strict physical theory applying to the whole real world. This theory has been of limited, or of questionable use in biology for the investigation of open systems. Recently the theory has been extended to real open biological systems and a hierarchical equilibrium thermodynamics has been created . A study of quasiclosed systems enables one to draw conclusions about the thermodynamic direction of biological evolution and aging of living beings. The most essential application of the theory relates to the study of living creature's behavior and to anti-aging medicine, gerontology, pharmacology, nutrition and other branches of biology and medicine.  Supramolecular thermodynamics of closed biological systems Structure of the nucleosome Karolin Luger et al., Nature 389 / September 1997, p.251 Helical conformation of a meta -substituted phenylacetylene octadecamer (n=18), where R=H and the end groups have been removed

59. Brauman To Receive Gibbs Medal For Achievements In Chemistry The Chicago Section of the American Chemical Society (ACS) has awarded the 2003 J. willard gibbs Medal to John I. Brauman, the JG JacksonCJ Wood Professor http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2003/april16/gibbsaward-416.html

Stanford Report, April 11, 2003 Brauman to receive Gibbs Medal for achievements in chemistry The Chicago Section of the American Chemical Society (ACS) has awarded the 2003 J. Willard Gibbs Medal to John I. Brauman, the J. G. Jackson-C. J. Wood Professor of Chemistry and cognizant dean for the natural sciences at Stanford. In announcing their selection, ACS Chicago Section officials praised Brauman for research that fundamentally changed the understanding of chemical structures and reactivities specifically, his pioneering work on the dynamics of the reactions of ions in the gas phase. "Dr. Brauman's research is directed toward understanding how molecules react and the factors that determine the rates and products of chemical reactions," ACS officials noted. The recipient of numerous awards, including the Dean's Award for Distinguished Teaching at Stanford in 1976, Brauman is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts. Brauman is the 92nd recipient of the annual award named for Josiah Willard Gibbs one of America's leading 19th-century chemists. Many previous awardees went on to receive a Nobel Prize for their work.

60. Ox Bow Press - Books By Author gibbs, J. willard. Early Work of willard gibbs in Applied Mechanics Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics Scientific Papers of J. willard gibbs http://www.oxbowpress.net/author/

OX BOW PRESS P.O. Box 4045 Woodbridge, CT 06525 Phone: 203-387-5900 Fax: 203-387-0035 books@oxbowpress.com ADLER, PETER Beyond Paradise Oxtail Soup BACKMAN, MARK Sophistication BENEDICT, ALBERT Ka Iwi: Survival of a Coast BLACK, CHARLES Humane Imagination Structure and Relationship in Constitutional Law BRODA, ENGELBERT Ludwig Boltzmann Man, Physicist, Philosopher BOHR, NIELS * Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature Essays 1932-1957 on Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge Essays 1958-1962 on Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge Causality and Complementarity BROWN, MARK Game Face Yellowfin Puna Kahuna CROLL, MORRIS Style, Rhetoric, and Rhythm DEBYE, PETER * The Collected Papers of Peter J. W. Debye DIXON, STEVE The Hawaiian Voyages of the Ono Jimmy Logic and Logical Thinking The Shakespeare Transcripts GIBBS, J. WILLARD Early Work of Willard Gibbs in Applied Mechanics Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics Scientific Papers of J. Willard Gibbs, Volumes I, Thermodynamics

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