81. Sophie Germain Until lately, sophie germain has been a mathematician hidden in the It wasthen that they found sophie germain. Why has she been so unknown until http://www.mathsci.appstate.edu/~sjg/womeninmath/SophieGermain.html

Sophie Germain History of Mathematics Also, in this library, Germain took her education into her own hands. She began reading about and teaching herself mathematics. Her parents, however, thought that this was an inappropriate interest for a female and fought with her to discourage it in the beginning. Germain started studying while her parents slept. As a result, she ended up having to study wrapped in blankets by the light of smuggled candles because her parents had taken away her fire, her light, and even her clothes in an attempt to force her away from her books. These types of beliefs were common in the middle class families of the nineteenth century (Swift 1 and others). Even in the aristocracy, women were only supposed to have enough knowledge of math and science as to make pleasant conversation about the subjects. Because of this, Francesco Algarotti wrote Germain also started correspondences with other great mathematicians. When Adrien Marie Legendre published his femme-savantes of the time. Gauss praised her even more highly after this discovery (Gray 49). Gauss responded: Gauss also credits Germain for encouraging his return to number theory (Gray 49).

82. Germain Les nombres premiers de sophie germain inférieurs à 200, sont http://serge.mehl.free.fr/chrono/Germain.html

Sous le pseudonyme masculin de M. Le Blanc elle correspondit avec Gauss (en Allemagne) et avec Lagrange et le prouva partiellement pour une certaine classe d'entiers premiers : Nombre premier de Sophie Germain : Calcul des nombres premiers de Sophie Germain : Fermat x n + y n = z n que si n divise l'un au moins des trois entiers x, y ou z. Dirichlet Legendre et descente infinie ) et n = 7 ( Hypatia Agnesi Kovaleskaia Wiles Nombres premiers jumeaux : Wronsky Gauss

83. Sophie Germain's Work On Fermat's Last Theorem While sophie germain is best known today for her work on elasticity, sophie germain s claim to number theoretic fame rests on a footnote in Legendre s http://math.nmsu.edu/~history/germain.html

Sophie Germain's Work on Fermat's Last Theorem Reinhard Laubenbacher and David Pengelley November, 1998 While Sophie Germain is best known today for her work on elasticity, she made important contributions to number theory as well. Sophie Germain's claim to number theoretic fame rests on a footnote in Legendre's , crediting her with what is known today as Sophie Germain's Theorem, the first general result toward a proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. She used it to prove Case I of Fermat's Last Theorem for all prime exponents less than 100, and today her methods have been generalized to apply to an infinite number of exponents. Germain, however, never published her theorem, describing it instead in correspondence with Legendre and Gauss; it was detailed by Legendre when he published his own solution for exponent five. It is generally assumed that she was the junior partner in a collaboration with Legendre. We are writing articles on this and may publish some unpublished letters from Germain to Gauss and some of Germain's handwritten manuscripts. Some of these original writings are presented in translation in our book Mathematical Expeditions: Chronicles by the Explorers . We would like to find more of the Legendre-Germain correspondence, and would welcome any knowledge of its existence.

84. Paris Hotels | Sophie Germain Hotel | Paris | France Welcome to Webtourist and sophie germain Hotel in Paris, France Information anddiscounted online hotel reservation. Save up to 70%. http://www.paris.webtourist.net/sophie_germain_hotel_paris.phtml

Welcom to the Sophie Germain Hotel in Paris France. Here at Webtourist, you found the right place to inform yourself about the Sophie Germain Hotel. Read hotel descriptions and hotel reviews, see hotel pictures and maps, check room availability and hotel rates or simply book your stay at the Sophie Germain Hotel in Paris. You are here: Webtourist Europe Hotels France Hotels Ile De France Hotels ... Sophie Germain Hotel Paris Sophie Germain Hotel Paris Hotel Address: Sophie Germain Hotel Paris 12 Rue Sophie Germain 75014 Paris France Phone-No.: (33 1) 43214375 Hotels or Hotel-Chains are responsible for the actuality of their Hotel Pictures. Hotel Description Welcome to the Sophie Germain Hotel in Paris - As an echo of the typical Parisian charm of this lively artist, the Hotel Sophie Germain gives you a warm welcome. A very relaxing atmosphere for this well kept place punctuated with soothing colours and a comfortable lounge. The 33 rooms with their rattan furniture are as cozy as can be. They?re perfectly equipped and offer peace and quiet as well as complete comfort. It is very easy to park the car in the street: there will be always a place available for you! All smile, the team is always happy to meet your expectations. Strollers with love the neighbourhood filled with colourful the Parisian scenes (rue Daguerre), and a few steps away legendary Montparnasse, saint Germain des Pres and Latin Quarter promises surprises galore: historic sights, splendid facades, mythical cafes and brassieres, etc. this hotel is ideally located in the vicinity of Porte de Versailles (exhibition centre) and with direct access to Roissy and Orly airport.

85. Sophie Germain Hotel, 12 Rue Sophie Germain, Paris, FR - Guest Reviews And Ratin sophie germain Hotel, Paris Read reviews and check rates for this and otherhotels in Paris, France. Since 1996, HotelsTravel is the original source for http://www.hotelstravel.com/Europe/FR/Paris/SophieGermainHotel.html

Top Cities Paris Nice Paris Hotels - #1 Paris Hotels - #2 ... Sophie Germain Hotel Sophie Germain Hotel 12 rue Sophie Germain, Paris, FR, 75014 View Map of Paris showing Sophie Germain Hotel Check rates for the Paris hotel: Sophie Germain Hotel Click on photo to view It is the responsibility of the hotel chain and/or the individual property to ensure the accuracy of the photos displayed. HotelsTravel.com is not responsible for any inaccuracies in the photos. As an echo of the typical Parisian charm of this lively artist, the Hotel Sophie Germain gives you a warm welcome. A very relaxing atmosphere for this well kept place punctuated with soothing colours and a comfortable lounge. The 33 rooms with their rattan furniture are as cozy as can be. They are perfectly equipped and offer peace and quiet as well as complete comfort. It is very easy to park the car in the street: there will be always a place available for you. All smile, the team is always happy to meet your expectations. Strollers with love the neighbourhood filled with colourful the Parisian scenes (rue Daguerre), and a few steps away legendary Montparnasse, saint Germain des Pres and Latin Quarter promises surprises galore: historic sights, splendid facades, mythical cafes and brassieres, etc. this hotel is ideally located in the vicinity of Porte de Versailles (exhibition centre) and with direct access to Roissy and Orly airport. Gare du Nord, Eurostard. Property Amenities Free parking Pets accepted Guest Policies Check In: Check Out:

86. Historia Matematica Mailing List Archive: [HM] Sophie Germain--A Play Previous message Barnabas Hughes Re HM sophie germain Carl Boyer .Dear Colleagues, and its resume was Using an assumed name sophie germain http://sunsite.utk.edu/math_archives/.http/hypermail/historia/nov98/0085.html

[HM] Sophie GermainA Play Steve Kennedy skennedy@phobos.mathcs.carleton.edu Sun, 8 Nov 98 20:54:19 -0600 Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] Next message: Gordon Fisher: "Re: [HM] Is Greek mathematics the *real* thing?" Previous message: Dear Colleagues, Was I the only one interested in David Fowler's provocation for his research in Boyer's index? I wrote to Prof. Fowler and asked for more information. With his permission, I post his reply. Thank you Professor Fowler. I should note that I checked in Bucciarelli and Dworsky, "Sophie Germain, An Essay in the History of Elasticity," and there is no mention of the deathbed letter. Also, it is not quite true that the generous letter ("But when a woman, because of her sex, our customs and prejudices, encounters infinitely more obstacles than men in familiarizing herself with their knotty problems, yet overcomes these fetters and penetrates that which is most hidden, she doubtless has the most noble courage, extraordinary talent, and superior genius.") was the last letter written by Gauss to Germain.

87. Historia Matematica Mailing List Archive: [HM] Sophie Germain & Carl Boyer Next in thread Karen Dee Michalowicz Re HM sophie germain Carl Boyer .I ve just listened to a poignant play about sophie germain on the radio, http://sunsite.utk.edu/math_archives/.http/hypermail/historia/nov98/0072.html

David Fowler david.fowler@warwick.ac.uk Sat, 7 Nov 1998 08:02:12 +0000 Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] Next message: Luigi Borzacchini: "Re: [HM] Is Greek mathematics the *real* thing?" Previous message: Roger Cooke: "Re: [HM] Is Greek mathematics the *real* thing?" Next in thread: I've just listened to a poignant play about Sophie Germain on the radio, and when my wife wanted to know more about her, I looked her up in Boyer's not in the index, and I couldn't find her in a quick skim through the text. And then I moved on: Sonja Kovalevskaya isn't in the index either, although there are 3 references to Gerhard K;, author of a book published in 1910. Nor Maria Agnesi. Nor Ada Lovelace. Nor Emmy Noether, though her father Max is there. Charlotte Scott gets in, though not in the text itself; only in a footnote reference to an article by her. Hypatia gets 7 lines, 4 of them on her death. At that point I gave up. Is this, how shall I call it, blind spot well known? It confirmed my wife's worst feelings about mathematicians and their historians.

88. Hotel In Paris : Hotel Sophie Germain – Paris Hotels France Hotels in Paris France. Hotel sophie germain As an echo to the typical Parisiancharm of this lively artist, the Hotel sophie germain gives you a warm http://www.0800paris-hotels.co.uk/uk/paris-hotel.asp?id=58

89. Wais:france: Sophie Germain December 2004 John Gehl sends this bio of the French mathematician sophie germain (17761831),who has been acclaimed as France s greatest female mathematician. http://wais.stanford.edu/ztopics/week1208-31-04/france_041230_sophiegermaine.htm

FRANCE: Sophie Germain John Gehl sends this bio of the French mathematician Sophie Germain (1776-1831), who has been acclaimed as France's greatest female mathematician. In Germain's time, it was almost unheard of for a woman to pursue studies in mathematics. Her contemporaries tended to regard her as a phenomenon more than a serious mathematician. Today historians of mathematics view her as a highly talented mathematician who was denied the thorough training that would have allowed her to reach her full potential. Her accomplishments, however, were more than sufficient to gain her an honored place in the history of mathematics. She is best remembered for her work in connection with Fermat's "last theorem" in which he posited that the equation xn + yn = zn has no positive integral solutions if n is an integer greater than 2. Germain proved that Fermat's conjecture is true if x, y and z are prime to one another and to n, if n is any prime less than 100. She sent her findings for verification to the eminent mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss, with whom she had been corresponding under the pseudonym M. Leblanc. Unfortunately, Gauss had just become professor of astronomy at the University of Göttingen and did not respond. As a result Germain's theorem remained largely unknown for many years, although it turned out to be the most important result related to Fermat's last theorem until the work of E.E. Kummer in 1840. It was not until 1995 that the English mathematician Andrew Wiles published the full proof of Fermat's last theorem.

90. Hotel - SOPHIE GERMAIN HOTEL In Paris Hotel sophie germain HOTEL in Paris. Address 12 RUE sophie germain, France,Paris, 75014 Rates from 92 EUR - 99 EUR http://paris.travel.spb.ru/list-s-z/ndz948.htm

91. Paris - Sophie Germain Hotel - 110% Best Rate Guarantee Hotels By City is a great resource for all your hotel reservation needs. We offergreat rates and information for the sophie germain Hotel in Paris. http://europe.hotelsbycity.com/hotels/10217303.html

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92. Encyclopedia: Sophie Germain One significant item is the concept of the sophie germain prime, which is a primenumber p where 2p+1 is also prime. With prompting from Gauss, http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Sophie-Germain

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Sophie Germain" also viewed: Germain Primes Germain 2000 (number) Divisible ... Srinivasa Aiyangar Ramanujan What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Ascian language Arts Towns Arthur Schuster Armenians ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Sophie Germain Updated 2 days 21 hours 26 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Sophie Germain Sophie Germain Marie-Sophie Germain April 1 June 27 ) was a French mathematician , and one of the most important female mathematicians of all time. Image File history File links File links The following pages link to this file: Sophie Germain ... April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... This article is about the year 1776. ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... 1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

93. Nombres Premiers - Records, Jumeaux, Germain Translate this page Mise à jour voir le site Les 10 plus grands - selon le type de nombres. -Ý- GRANDSsophie germain. Nombres de sophie germain premiers les plus grands http://membres.lycos.fr/villemingerard/Premier/recordSt.htm

94. Bibliography germain, sophie, 17761831, Oeuvres philosophiques de sophie germain, Paris,Paul Ritti, 1879. germain, sophie, 1776-1831, Oeuvres philosophiques / nouv. ed http://www.library.cornell.edu/math/bibliography/display.cgi?start=G&

95. Sophie Germain Hotel, 12 Rue Sophie Germain, Paris, France. The sophie germain Hotel is a 3 Star hotel. As an echo of the typical Parisiancharm of this lively artist; the Hotel sophie germain gives you a warm http://hotels.cnghotels.com/hotels-eu_fr_paris_sophiegermainhotel-hotels.html

Europe France Paris Hotels Hotel Information. Sophie Germain Hotel 12 Rue Sophie Germain, Paris, 75014 Hotel Information: The Sophie Germain Hotel is a 3 Star hotel. As an echo of the typical Parisian charm of this lively artist; the Hotel Sophie Germain gives you a warm welcome. Strollers with love the neighbourhood filled with colourful the Parisian scenes (rue Daguerre); Location Description: Amenities: Pets Welcome Safe in Rooms TV In Room Reviews The Sophie Germain Hotel currently has no reviews. Search Cities by Alphabetic Order A B C D ... Z Check Availability Sophie Germain Hotel var HiddenAffiliateId='48990' Arrival January February March April May June July August September October November December Departure January February March April May June July August September October November December Number of rooms Adults per room 1 person 2 people 3 people 4 people Select Currency EUR GBP USD CHF 24/7 Reservations US UK Other Countries Contact Us For enquiries or issues: E-mail: eval(unescape('%64%6f%63%75%6d%65%6e%74%2e%77%72%69%74%65%28%27%3c%61%20%68%72%65%66%3d%22%6d%61%69%6c%74%6f%3a%65%6e%71%75%69%72%69%65%73%40%63%6e%67%68%6f%74%65%6c%73%2e%63%6f%6d%3f%73%75%62%6a%65%63%74%3d%45%6e%71%75%69%72%79%25%32%30%66%72%6f%6d%25%32%30%43%6e%47%48%6f%74%65%6c%73%22%20%3e%65%6e%71%75%69%72%69%65%73%40%63%6e%67%68%6f%74%65%6c%73%2e%63%6f%6d%3c%2f%61%3e%27%29%3b')) Important Links Our Mailing List Customer Care / FAQ Cancel a reservation Terms and conditions Top Hotels Paris Altona Hotel Jardins de Paris Montmartre Jardins de Paris Republique Mirific Opera Hotel ... Hotel Bellevue Top Cities France

96. Sophie Germain Hotel, Paris, France Accommodations - Hotel Details Information A sophie germain Hotel, Paris hotel details Small Hotel from HotelBook.com. http://www.hotelbook.com/static/welcome_01484.html

Welcome to hotelbook.com, The Official Site of Independent Hotels TM JavaScript is required to view this site properly. Please enable JavaScript and refresh this page to continue using this website. hotel details amenities virtual tour destination information photo gallery Sophie Germain Hotel 12 Rue Sophie Germain, 75014, Paris France Telephone: (33 1) 43214375 print save check availability Hotel Overview Hotel Type Hotel Number of Floors Total Rooms Credit Cards Accepted American Express, Mastercard, Diners Club, Visa Currency Euro [EUR] Hotel Description As an echo of the typical Parisian charm of this lively artist, the Hotel Sophie Germain gives you a warm welcome. A very relaxing atmosphere for this well kept place punctuated with soothing colours and a comfortable lounge. The 33 rooms with their rattan furniture are as cozy as can be. They are perfectly equipped and offer peace and quiet as well as complete comfort. It is very easy to park the car in the street: there will be always a place available for you! All smile, the team is always happy to meet your expectations. Strollers with love the neighbourhood filled with colourful the Parisian scenes (rue Daguerre), and a few steps away legendary Montparnasse, saint Germain des Pres and Latin Quarter promises surprises galore: historic sights, splendid facades, mythical cafes and brassieres, etc. this hotel is ideally located in the vicinity of Porte de Versailles (exhibition centre) and with direct access to Roissy and Orly airport. Gare du Nord, Eurostard.

97. Paris Hotels - Sophie Germain Hotel 3star hotel in Paris near Montparnasse and not far from the Luxembourg Garden,the Latin Quarter and Saint-germain-des-Prés. http://www.cofrase.com/hotel/sophigermain/

Hotel Sophie Germain *** 12, rue Sophie-Germain 75014 PARIS Tel : ++33.(0)1.4321.4375 Fax : ++33.(0)1.4320.8289 single : 65 euros double : 75 euros Breakfast included. Les indications contenues sur la (les) page(s) de ce site figurent uniquement pour information et sous la seule responsabilité de l'établissement. Des modifications peuvent intervenir à tout moment sans que Cofrase Hotels en soit informé. La responsabilité de Cofrase Hotels ne saurait être engagée pour toute erreur constatée dans les informations ci-dessus. Statements and other data are just for information purposes. They may be changed at very short notice and their accuracy should be checked when possible. Cofrase Hotels will not be liable for any error in the statements or in any other data, or for any action taken in reliance thereon. Site réalisé et hébergé par Cofr@se

98. Sophie Germain en toi . Le site de sophie germain http://www.nouvelle-donne.net/ND/article.php3?id_article=40

99. Sophie Germain Translate this page sophie germain est agréée par l’Académie des Écrivains Publics de France, dansle but, déjà, non pas d’écrire « à la place des autres », mais d’aider les http://www.nouvelle-donne.net/ND/article.php3?id_article=97

100. Femmes Mathématiciennes Translate this page sophie germain (Paris 1776- Paris 1831) apporte des contributions majeures à Un nombre premier de sophie germain est un nombre premier n tel que 2n+1 le http://perso.wanadoo.fr/therese.eveilleau/pages/hist_mat/textes/femmes.htm

F emmes scientifiques Hypatie Maria Agnesi Sophie Germain Sofia Kovalewskaya Sources "Préservez votre droit de penser, car même penser mal est mieux que de ne pas penser du tout." Hypatie "Il est impossible d'être mathématicien sans avoir une âme de poète." Sofia Kovalevskaya e H ypatie Sections coniques d'Appolonios de Perga, les Malheureusement les premiers chrétiens identifient ses idées scientifiques au paganisme. L'évêque Cyrille d'Alexandrie la perçoit comme un danger pour la pensée chrétienne. Elle meurt massacrée avec des coquilles d'huîtres par la foule excitée contre elle par des moines. Une autre version raconte que sa mort "déchiquetée" serait due à une secte dionysiaque survivante... "Le monde actuel des mathématiques a une grande dette envers Hypatie... Au moment de sa mort, elle était le plus grand mathématicien du monde gréco-romain, voire du monde entier. " M.Deakin

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