41. Germain, Sophie. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 germain, sophie. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 200105. http://www.bartleby.com/65/ge/GermainS.html

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42. Germain, Sophie sophie germain was born in Paris on April 1, 1776 to AmbroiseFrancois and Mariegermain. Her family was quite wealthy. Her father was a merchant and later http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/G/Germain/1.html

Germain, Sophie Sophie Germain was born in an era of revolution. In the year of her birth, the American Revolution began. Thirteen years later the French Revolution began in her own country. In many ways Sophie embodied the spirit of revolution into which she was born. She was a middle class female who went against the wishes of her family and the social prejudices of the time to become a highly recognized mathematician. Like the member of a revolution, her life was full of perseverance and hard work. It took a long time for her to be recognized and appreciated for her contributions to the field of mathematics, but she did not give up. Even today, it is felt that she was never given as much credit as she was due for the contributions she made in number theory and mathematical physics because she was a woman. Sophie Germain was born in Paris on April 1, 1776 to Ambroise-Francois and Marie Germain. Her family was quite wealthy. Her father was a merchant and later became a director of the Bank of France. Sophie's interest in mathematics began during the French Revolution when she was 13 years old and confined to her home due to the danger caused by revolts in Paris. She spent a great deal of time in her father's library, and one day she ran across a book in which the legend of Archimede's death was recounted. Legend has it that "during the invasion of his city by the Romans Archimedes was so engrossed in the study of a geometric figure in the sand that he failed to respond to the questioning of a Roman soldier. As a result he was speared to death" (Perl 64). This sparked Sophie's interest. If someone could be so engrossed in a problem as to ignore a soldier and then die for it, the subject must be interesting! Thus she began her study of mathematics.

43. Sophie Germain Translate this page sophie germain. Nacida en París, el 1ro. de abril de 1876 y criada durante losaños de turbulencia en Francia. Sus padres se opusieron a que estudiara http://cuhwww.upr.clu.edu/mate/museo/mujeres/sophie.htm

Contenido Anterior Sophie Germain Nacida en París, el 1ro. de abril de 1876 y criada durante los años de turbulencia en Francia. Sus padres se opusieron a que estudiara matemáticas hasta que no tuvieron opción y lo aceptaron. Germain no podia ir a la escuela porque no aceptaban mujeres; pero se las arreglaba para recibir apuntes de los profesores. A ella le atrajo el análisis de Lagrange y bajo un nombre ficticio le escribió una composición. A éste le impresionó tanto, que averiguó quien era y fué a su casa a decirle cuán impresionado estaba. Esto le sirvió a Germain para tener el coraje de seguir estudiando matemáticas. Como resultado de un libro escrito por Gauss, Germain le escribió usando el mismo pseudónimo que habia usado con Lagrange. Gauss se interesó tanto en sus observaciones, que mantuvieron correspondencia por varios años. En 1807, Gauss se enteró del verdadero nombre de Germain. Ella temía que a Gauss le sucediera algo y envió unas tropas a la casa de él para asegurarse de que estuviera bíen. Cuando los soldados le hablaron de Germain, él les dijo que no la conocia. Luego, por cartas se esclareció la situación. Germain trabajó en el problema de la ley matemática de vibraciones de superficies elásticas. En 1811 sometió un trabajo al respecto a la Academia Francesa de las Ciencias (anónimamente); pero fue criticada por la falta de precisión al pasar de una linea a una superficie. En 1813 sometió otro trabajo del mismo tema y en 1816 ganó el primer lugar situándola entre los mejores matemáticos. Esto hizo que la aceptaran entre los círculos de matemáticos. Continuó escribiendo sobre distintos problemas malemáticos y continuó intercambiando correspondencia con Gauss. Este pidió a la Universidad de Göttingen que le dieran el grado de doctora; pero el 26 de junio de 1831 murió, antes de poder recibir el grado.

44. Sophie Germain Translate this page sophie germain Seite aus einem deutschsprachigen Online-Philosophenlexikon. http://www.philosophenlexikon.de/germain.htm

Begriffe Abaelard - Ayer Baader - Byron Cabanis - Czezowski Ebbinghaus - Ewald ... Frauen in der Philosophie Diskussion PhilTalk Philosophieforen Andere Lexika PhilLex -Lexikon der Philosophie Lexikon der griechischen Mythologie PhiloThek Bibliothek der Klassiker Zeitschriftenlesesaal Nachschlagewerke Allgemeine Information ... Dokumentenlieferdienste Spiele Philosophisches Galgenraten PhilSearch.de Shops PhiloShop PhiloShirt Service Kontakt Impressum eMail Sophie Germain (1776 - 1831) Newton philosophische Um ihre These zu belegen, weist sie anhand der historischen Wissenschaftsentwicklung nach, dass das menschliche Denken stets eine Strukturierung der Erscheinungen intendierte. In der Wissenschaftsentwicklung unterscheidet Sophie Germain drei aufeinanderfolgende Stadien. Gottes Das dritte Stadium folgt auf die Systeme der philosophischen Spekulation als methodische sich an der Erfahrung wendende Forschung. Dreistadiengesetz Da die menschlichen Erkenntnisstrukturen auf Einheit ausgerichtet sind, ergeben sich auf allen Gebieten dieselben formalen Ordnungsbeziehungen, wenn auch jeweils zwischen verschiedenen Objekten powered by Uwe Wiedemann

45. Biograpy Of Germain Mariesophie germain was born on April 1, 1776 in Paris, France. sophie germainwas 18, but she could not enroll, because it was reserved only for men. http://www.andrews.edu/~calkins/math/biograph/biogermn.htm

Back to the Table of Contents Biographies of Mathematicians - Germain Table of Contents: Introduction Biography Sophie Germain Primes Bibliography Introduction There were probably at the most only several women during the French Revolution that literally based their life on mathematics. One of these leading roles was played by a very young women (girl), by the name of Marie-Sophie Germain. Similar to many other great mathematicians, she faced countless difficulties, while contributing to various areas. Aside of all her great works, she was never quite given credit to and mostly because of one specific reason, she was a women. Germain contributed most of her work to the areas of number theory, acoustics and elasticity. Biography Marie-Sophie Germain was born on April 1, 1776 in Paris, France. Her father was a quite wealthy silk merchant by the name of Ambriose-Francois who was married to Marie-Madelaine Gruguelin. He later on became a director of the Bank of France and Sophie's home was frequently used as the meeting place for the community that was interested in liberal reforms. It was the death of Archimedes that inspired Germain to study mathematics.

46. MSN Encarta - Germain, Sophie Translate this page germain, sophie (1776-1831), mathématicienne française autodidacte, surtout connuepour ses Autres fonctionnalités Encarta. Rechercher germain, sophie http://fr.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_741538422/Germain_Sophie.html

Accueil MSN Mon MSN Hotmail Rechercher ... Tout savoir sur la gamme Encarta Rechercher sur Encarta Article accessible sur abonnement MSN Encarta Premium : Acc©dez   30 000 articles encyclop©diques avec plus de 12 000 illustrations, un atlas mondial interactif, un guide du Web et une palette compl¨te de ressources et d'outils ©ducatifs. 34,99 € par an (service d’acc¨s   Internet non compris). En savoir plus. Cet article n'est accessible que si vous ªtes abonn©   MSN Encarta Premium. Dans ce cas, connectez-vous en cliquant sur le lien Aller sur MSN Encarta Premium (ci-dessus). Germain, Sophie Germain, Sophie (1776-1831), math©maticienne fran§aise autodidacte, surtout connue pour ses travaux th©oriques de physique math©matique portant sur... Encarta vous int©resse ? Abonnez-vous d¨s maintenant et b©n©ficiez de : Plus de 30 000 articles 2 000 analyses d'oeuvre Plus de 12 000 m©dias (dont des extraits sonores, des vid©os et des m©dias interactifs) Un atlas mondial interactif Une palette compl¨te de ressources et d'outils ©ducatifs Un guide du Web Plus de r©sultats pour Germain, Sophie

47. Sophie Germain - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia sophie germain prime Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThey acquired significance because of sophie germain s proof that Fermat s last It is conjectured that there are infinitely many sophie germain primes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie_Germain

Wikimedia needs your help in its 21-day fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$155,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August. Thank you for your generosity! Sophie Germain From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Sophie Germain Marie-Sophie Germain April 1 June 27 ) was a French mathematician , and one of the most important female mathematicians of all time. Germain was born to a middle-class merchant family in Paris France , and began studying mathematics at age thirteen, despite her parents' strong attempts to dissuade her from engaging in a 'men's profession'. Several years later, she managed to get some lecture notes from several courses at ‰cole Polytechnique , a school which did not admit women. Germain was particularly interested in Joseph-Louis Lagrange 's teachings and submitted papers and assignments under the pseudonym "Monsieur Le Blanc", a former student of Lagrange's. Lagrange was so impressed by the paper that he asked to meet Le Blanc, and Germain was forced to reveal her identity to him. Lagrange apparently considered her a talented mathematician and became her mentor. In she began corresponding with Carl Friedrich Gauss , again using her pseudonym, after reading his famous Disquisitiones Arithmeticae ). He eventually learned her true identity in

48. Germain, Sophie Translate this page Annuaire de sites sur germain, sophie. Répertoire des sites consacrés à lamathématicienne française spécialiste de la théorie des nombres http://www.123-fr.com/123annuaire/dir/cat-1305994-germain,_sophie.html

Germain, Sophie Navigation : Accueil 123-fr.com Annuaire de sites francophones sur Internet Navigation : Forum Sonneries Telecharger Annuaire ... Germain, Sophie Germain, Sophie - 2 site(s) R©pertoire des sites consacr©s   la math©maticienne fran§aise sp©cialiste de la th©orie des nombres (1776-1831). Sites: Sophie Germain - Br¨ve biographie de la math©maticienne fran§aise. Annuaire Accueil Fran§ais Sciences Math©matiques ... Germain, Sophie Le plus grand annuaire humain du Web Soumettre Open Directory Project Devenir Editeur Plan annuaire : Achats Actualite Arts Commerce ... iliona

49. Germain, Sophie germain, sophie. Nobel Prize in Mathematics Nominations! Specific projectinformation can be found in the math folder found in the Hauser Hard Drive. http://www.district96.org/hauser/math/csp/pages/6978.11.12.03.nclk

Germain, Sophie Nobel Prize in Mathematics Nominations! Specific project information can be found in the math folder found in the Hauser Hard Drive. Use the internet sites below to investigate one of the Mathematical Pleiades, seven women mathematicians whose achievements have helped shape mathematics of today. After you have answered the questions on your worksheet, your group will present your nomination for the newly formed Nobel Prize for Mathematics. Besides pertinent biographical information, your nomination must put your mathematician in historical perspecive and must explain why she is a member of the Mathematical Pleiades. Bio 1 Bio 2 Bio 3 science women ... Click here to update. Last updated on 1/11/05.

50. The Top Twenty: Sophie Germain (p) The first few sophie germain primes are 2, 3, 5, 11, 23, 29, 41, 53, 83, 89, 113, Around 1825 sophie germain proved that the first case of Fermat s Last http://primes.utm.edu/top20/page.php?id=2

51. The Prime Glossary: Sophie Germain Prime Welcome to the Prime Glossary a collection of definitions, information and factsall related to prime numbers. This pages contains the entry titled sophie http://primes.utm.edu/glossary/page.php?sort=SophieGermainPrime

52. Sophie Germain (1776-1831) Library Of Congress Citations Author Bucciarelli, Louis L. Title sophie germain an essay in the history germain, sophie, 17761831. Other authors Dworsky, Nancy, joint author. http://www.mala.bc.ca/~mcneil/cit/citlcgermain1.htm

Sophie Germain (1776-1831) : Library of Congress Citations The Little Search Engine that Could Down to Name Citations LC Online Catalog Amazon Search Book Citations [2 Records] Author: Bucciarelli, Louis L. Title: Sophie Germain : an essay in the history of the theory of elasticity / Louis L. Bucciarelli and Nancy Dworsky. Published: Dordrecht, Holland ; Boston : D. Reidel Pub. Co. ; Hingham, MA : sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Boston, c1980. Description: xi, 147 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. Series: Studies in the history of modern science ; v. 6 LC Call No.: QA931 .B77 Dewey No.: 531/.3823/01 19 ISBN: 9027711348 9027711356 (pbk.) Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index. Subjects: Elasticity History. Germain, Sophie, 1776-1831. Other authors: Dworsky, Nancy, joint author. Control No.: 80019606 Name Citations [1 Record] Heading: Germain, Sophie, 1776-1831. Notes: Her Considberations gbenberales sur l'betat des sciences et des lettres ... 1833.

53. Malaspina.com - Sophie Germain (1776-1831) Research bibliography, books and links to 1000 other interdisciplinary entriescompiled by Russell McNeil. http://www.mala.bc.ca/~mcneil/germain1.htm

Sophie Germain (1776-1831) [Agnes Scott College] Great Books Biography [Malaspina] Amazon Search Form] Library of Congress Online Citations [LC] Library of Congress Offline Citations [MGB] COPAC UK Online Citations [COPAC] Free Online Practice Exams [Grad Links] Canadian Book Orders! Chapters-Indigo Save on Textbooks! [Study Abroad] Books from Amazon Amazon Books from Amazon UK Amazon UK Books from Chapters Canada Chapters Sophie Germain : An Essay in the History of the Theory of Elasticity [Orders] Biography [MacTutor History of Mathematics] Math's Hidden Woman [PBS Nova] Sophie Germain Prime [Eric Weisstein] Biography [History of Mathematics, Clarke University] Sophie Germain: Math's Hidden Woman PBS NOVA [Image Courtesy Agnes Scott College] Top of Page

54. Sophie Germain The Best of mathNEWS sophie germain. sophie germain offered much to themathematical world in the areas of number theory and elasticity theory. http://www.mathnews.uwaterloo.ca/BestOf/WomenInMath6905.html

Sophie Germain Sophie Germain offered much to the mathematical world in the areas of number theory and elasticity theory. That same world would offer her, a middle class woman in the time of the French revolution, very little in return. The Bastille fell when Sophie was only 13. She was from a middle class family of merchants that protected her through the revolution. As a result, she spent many hours in her father's library where she learned of the story of Archimedes. She was fascinated with his passion for geometry and immediately scoured the library for every book on the subject. From the onset her parents opposed her interest. They deemed her enthusiasm so inappropriate for a young woman that they denied her heat and light to prevent her from studying. They even confiscated her clothing at night, but she wrapped herself in blankets and used a hidden supply of candles to read from. Such was her passion that her parents finally conceded. She continued, tutorless. In 1794 Ecole Polytechnique opened, and as no women were allowed, she acquired the notes from the classes to learn from. At the end of one term she offered some observations that she made to Lagrange under the name of M. LeBlanc. He was impressed, found her, and praised her talents. In 1801 Carl Freidrich Gauss presented a complicated treatise on number theory

55. Biografía Matemáticos: Sophie Germain (1/4) Translate this page Página dedicada a la biografía sophie germain , matemática francesa del sigloXVIII-XIX. http://www.divulgamat.net/weborriak/Historia/MateOspetsuak/SophieG.asp

Textos on-line Exposiciones virtuales Recursos en Internet Sophie Germain (1 de 4) Autoras: Quiénes somos Sugerencias Agradecimientos Homenajes ... Noticias DivulgaMAT

56. Paris Hotels - Hotel Sophie Germain - 12, Rue Sophie Germain - 75014 Paris - Par 12, rue sophie germain 75014 Paris Subway Denfert Rochereau. Tel + 33 1 4321 43 75 - Fax + 33 1 43 20 82 89 - Contact Leo http://hotels.parishotels.com/hotel-direct.php?hotel=123&lang=en

57. Paris Hotels - Hôtel Sophie Germain - 12, Rue Sophie Germain - 75014 Paris - Pa Translate this page 12, rue sophie germain 75014 Paris - Métro Denfert Rochereau L´Hôtel sophiegermain nous accueille à bras ouverts et nous promène entre teintes chaudes http://hotels.parishotels.com/hotel-direct.php?hotel=123&lang=fr

58. MEMO - Le Site De L'Histoire sophie germain estexemplaire elle témoigne à la fois de la difficulté des femmes de l époque à se http://www.memo.fr/dossier.asp?ID=805

59. Sophie Germain  The home of Simon Singh author, journalist and TV producer, specialising inscience and mathematics. http://www.simonsingh.com/Sophie_Germain.html

Sophie Germain Back to Fermat Corner Sophie and the Revolution Nova Web Page by Simon Singh INTRODUCTION Pythagoras’s theorem leads to one of the best of understood equations in mathematics: x + y = z There are many whole number solutions to this equation, e.g., 3 In the seventeenth century the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat set a challenge for future generations of mathematicians - prove that there are no whole number solutions for the following closely related family of equations: x + y = z x + y = z x + y = z x + y = z etc. Although these equations appear similar to Pythagoras’s equation, Fermat’s Last Theorem claims that these equations have no solutions. The difficulty in proving that this is the case revolves around the fact that there are an infinite number of equations, and an infinite number of possible values for x, y, and z, and hence the proof has to check that there does not exist a solution within this infinity of infinities. Nonetheless Fermat claimed he had a proof. The proof was never written down and ever since the challenge has been to rediscover the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem.

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