1. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Gerard Of Cremona A twelfthcentury student of Arabic science and translator from Arabic into Latin;born at Cremona, in 1114; died in 1187. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06468a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... G > Gerard of Cremona A B C D ... Z Gerard of Cremona A twelfth-century student of Arabic science and translator from Arabic into Latin; born at Cremona, in 1114; died in 1187. The place and date of Gerard's birth are not given in any document prior to the fourteenth century. Tiraboschi, in his "Storia della letteratura italiana", is at pains to refute the contention of some Spanish writers that Gerard was born, not at Cremona in Italy, but at Carmona in Spain. While conceding that Gerard spent a good many years at Toledo, Tiraboschi shows that Cremona and not Carmona is his birthplace. In fact, the manuscripts of his writings style him Cremonensis , or Chremonensis (which seems to be a corrupt form of Cremonensis Latin Christendom and prepared the way for that conflict of ideas out of which sprang the Scholasticism of the thirteenth century. In this work Gerard was a pioneer. If the description of his moral qualities given by Pipino is not overdrawn, he was a man whose single-minded devotion to the cause of science enabled him to overcome the difficulties which in those days were inevitable in a task such as he undertook. WILLIAM TURNER Transcribed by Gerard Loiselle The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VI

2. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA Gerard Of Cremona gerard of cremona. A twelfthcentury student of Arabic science and translator from Arabic into Latin; born at Cremona, in 1114; http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: History Of Physics desire to read and translate Ptolemy s immortal work, gerard of cremona (d . and epicycles by reading the Theoricæ planetarum of gerard of cremona. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12047a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... P > History of Physics A B C D ... Z History of Physics The subject will be treated under the following heads: I. A Glance at Ancient Physics; II. Science and Early Christian Scholars; III. A Glance at Arabian Physics; IV. Arabian Tradition and Latin Scholasticism; V. The Science of Observation and Its Progress Astronomers The Statics of Jordanus Thierry of Freiberg Pierre of Maricourt; VI. The Articles of Paris (1277) Possibility of Vacuum; VII. The Earth's Motion Oresme; VIII. Plurality of Worlds; IX. Dynamics Theory of Impetus Inertia Celestial and Sublunary Mechanics Identical; X. Propagation of the Doctrines of the School of Paris in Germany and Italy Purbach and Regiomontanus Nicholas of Cusa Vinci; XI. Italian Averroism and its Tendencies to Routine Attempts at Restoring the Astronomy of Homocentric Spheres; XII. The Copernican Revolution; XIII. Fortunes of the Copernican System in the Sixteenth Century; XIV. Theory of the Tides; XV. Statics in the Sixteenth Century Stevinus; XVI. Dynamics in the Sixteenth Century; XVII. Galileo's Work;

4. Gerard Of Cremona gerard of cremona http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Gerard Of Cremona gerard of cremona Essay Socii Biography of Gerard Take the Gerard Quiz! Other Research Copyright 1995, 1996 Isaac Hunter Dunlap http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

6. Search Results For Cremona Gherard of Cremona s name is often written as Gerard or sometimes Gerhard. R Lemay, gerard of cremona, Dictionary of the Middle Ages 5 (New York, 1983), http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Search/historysearch.cgi?SUGGESTION=

7. Islamic Medical Manuscripts Bio-Bibliographies Sezgin, GAS III, pp. 68140; and Ullmann, Medizin, pp. 35-68. gerard of cremona (d. AD 1187) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Gerard Of Cremona --  Encyclopædia Britannica gerard of cremona European medieval scholar who translated the works of manymajor Greek and Arabic writers into Latin. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9036534

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Gerard Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Gerard of Cremona  Encyclopædia Britannica Article Page 1 of 1 born c. 1114, , Cremona, Lombardy [Italy] died 1187, Toledo, kingdom of Castile [Spain] European medieval scholar who translated the works of many major Greek and Arabic writers into Latin. Gerard went to Toledo to learn Arabic in order to read the Almagest of the 2nd-century- AD Gerard Of Cremona... (75 of 163 words) var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]];

9. Gerard Of Cremona - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia gerard of cremona http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. Gerard Of Cremona - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia gerard of cremona s Latin translation of an Arabic text was the only version Some of the works credited to gerard of cremona are probably the work of a http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_of_Cremona

Wikimedia needs your help in its 21-day fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$155,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August. Thank you for your generosity! Gerard of Cremona From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Gerard of Cremona Gherardo Cremona , Lombardy, c. Toledo ), famous Italian translator of scientific works. Most famous as the translator of Ptolemy ’s Astronomy (mistakenly credited as translator of Avicenna 's Canon of Medicine see below) from Arabic texts found in Toledo , he was one of a small group of scholars who invigorated medieval Europe in the 12th Century by transmitting Greek and Arab traditions in astronomy medicine and other sciences , in the form of translations into Latin , which made them available to every literate person in the West. Dissatisfied with the meager philosophies of his Italian teachers, Gherardo followed his true passions and went to Toledo , sometime before . There he learned Arabic, initially so that he could read Ptolemy 's Almagest , which retained its traditional high reputation among scholars, even though no Latin translation existed. Although we do not have detailed information of the date when Gherard went to Spain , it was no later than 1144.

11. DODECHEDRON Gerard Of Cremona Astronomical Geomancy (E.V.) GERARD CREMONENSIS OF ASTRONOMICAL GEOMANCY. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Gerard Of Cremona (ca. 1114-1187) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific B gerard of cremona (ca. 11141187). Italian scholar who was interested in Greekscience, and learned Arabic to be able to translate preserved works from http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Gerard.html

Branch of Science Scholars Nationality Italian Gerard of Cremona (ca. 1114-1187) Italian scholar who was interested in Greek science, and learned Arabic to be able to translate preserved works from Arabic. He spent much of his life in Toledo, which had been a Muslim center of learning, but was reconquered by the Spanish in 1085. It was an ideal environment, with many Arabic works present learned Arabs available for consultation. He translated 92 works in all, including the Almagest, Elements, Al-Khwarizmi's work, Galen , the Hippocratic writers, and the physical works of Aristotle . Unfortunately, the mathematical sophistication of the Greeks was beyond his abilities, so he could not even understand the Almagest after translating it.

13. Encyclopedia Gerard Of Cremona Encyclopedia gerard of cremona Updated 34 days 14 hours 42 minutes ago. Other descriptions of gerard of cremona http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. GERARD OF CREMONA - LoveToKnow Article On GERARD OF CREMONA gerard of cremona (c. 11141187), the medieval translator of Ptolemys 2392 isstated to contain a eulogy of gerard of cremona and a list of his. http://23.1911encyclopedia.org/G/GE/GERARD_OF_CREMONA.htm

GERARD OF CREMONA GERARD OF CREMONA JEAN IGNACE ISIDORE GERARD GERASA To properly cite this GERARD OF CREMONA article in your work, copy the complete reference below: "GERARD OF CREMONA." LoveToKnow 1911 Online Encyclopedia. http://23.1911encyclopedia.org/G/GE/GERARD_OF_CREMONA.htm Links to this article are encouraged. Please use the following format: See: GERARD OF CREMONA at LoveToKnow.

15. VDI Gerard Of Cremona VDI gerard of cremona http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. Islamic Medical Manuscripts: Bio-Bibliographies AD 1187) gerard of cremona, working in Toledo, was responsible for translatinginto Latin both Arabic original medical treatises and Arabic translations of http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/arabic/bioG.html

Bio-Bibliographies A B C D ... F G H I J K ... Z Galen, d. ca. 216 AD) The most important physician of the Roman Empire and arguably the most influential physician in medical history. Galen wrote entirely in Greek, and his medical writings preserved today are voluminous. Most of them were translated into Arabic in the ninth century in Baghdad, and through those translations Galen became the most important formative influence on medieval Islamic medicine. see Vivian Nutton, "Roman medicine 250 BC to AD 200" in The Western Medical Tradition ed. L. Conrad, M. Neve and others (Cambridge; Cambridge University Press, 1995) pp. 39-70, esp. pp. 58-70; Vivian Nutton, "Galen's Philosophical Testament: "On My Own Opinions", pp. 27-51 in Aristoteles Werk und Wirkung , Band 2: Kommentierung, Uberlieferung, Nachleben, , ed. Jurgen Wiesner (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1987); Owsei Temkin, Galenism: Rise and Decline of a Medical Philosophy , (Ithaca NY: Cornell University Press, 1973); Sezgin, GAS III , pp. 68-140; and Ullmann, Medizin , pp. 35-68. Gerard of Cremona d.

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18. Islamic Medical Manuscripts : Catalogue - Encycolopedias 8 in the Latin translation of gerard of cremona made in the 12th century. Ramusio attempted to improve upon gerard of cremona s Latin translation by http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/arabic/E8.html

Catalogue : Medical Encyclopedias Encyclopedias ibb MS A 53 The Canon on Medicine known to Europeans as Avicenna d. 1037/428 H) This massive general medical encyclopaedia was composed over a lengthy period of time as its author moved westward from Gurgan in northern Iran, where it was begun, to Rayy near modern Teheran and then to Hamadan even further southwest, where it was completed. The sheer size of the encyclopaedia tended to reinforce its authoritative nature, and even its title , meaning "canon" or "codes of law", contributed to this view. The Canon of Medicine was widely read by Europeans in the Latin translation of Gerard of Cremona made in the 12th century. So great was the interest in this mammoth medical textbook that late in the 15th century Girolamo Ramusio attempted to improve upon Gerard of Cremona's Latin translation by comparing it with an Arabic manuscript , and in 1527 a new Latin version was published that had been made by Andrea Alpago (d. 1522), who had resided in Damascus for thirty years as a physician in the service of the Venetian Republic and had used his fluency in Arabic not only to translate it but also to append an Arabic-Latin glossary of terms. Between 1500 and 1674 some sixty editions of part or all of the Canon were published in Europe, mostly intended for use in university medical training. The work consists of five "books". The first book (

19. Medieval Philosophy, Mathematics, And Science gerard of cremona’s Translation of the Commentary of alNayrizi on Book I ofEuclid’s Elements of Geometry. With an Introductory Account of the Twenty-Two http://www.brill.nl/product_id11405.htm

Gerard of Cremona’s Translation of the Commentary of al-Nayrizi on Book I of Euclid’s Elements of Geometry Medieval Philosophy, Mathematics, and Science Gerard of Cremona’s Translation of the Commentary of al-Nayrizi on Book I of Euclid’s Elements of Geometry With an Introductory Account of the Twenty-Two Early Extant Arabic Manuscripts of the Elements Edited by Anthony Lo Bello (you can always remove it later) In print, 2003 ISBN 391 04193 2 Cloth (xxxiv, 170 pp., 1 halftone, in English) List price: EUR 113.- / US$ 113.- Ancient Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts, Medieval Philosophy, Mathematics, and Science, 2 This product is part of: Medieval Philosophy, Mathematics, and Science Anthony Lo Bello’s Gerard of Cremona’s Translation of Book I of the Commentary of al-Nayrizi on Euclid’s Elements of Geometry is the first modern translation of Gerard of Cremona’s (1114–1187) Latin version of al-Nayrizi’s famous Arabic commentary. Lo Bello gives an introductory account of the twenty-two early extant Arabic manuscripts of the Elements, an annotated English translation of Gerard’s translation of al-Nayrizi’s commentary, and finally a critical analysis of the idiosyncrasies of Gerard’s method of translation. The Three Volumes are also available as set (ISBN 391 04197 5) Readership: Historians of Mathematics, Historians of Science, Mathematicians, Historians of Islamic Science, Mediaevalists.

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Bookmark Recommend Us Enhance Your Site Browse Books ... Forums New! Help Keyword Title Author ISBN Welcome Guest [Sign In] Searched in books for book matched your search. Search took seconds. All Categories Mathematics Geometry General ... Add Review By Anthony Lo Bello Anaritius Gherardo Anthony Lo Bello (Editor) Hardcover / 192 Pages / Humanities Pr / October 2003 / 0391041932 List Price $113.00 / Similar to Compare Prices Add To Wish List Details Contact Us ... Get Involved

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