41. Fresnel, Augustin fresnel, augustin (17881827). French physicist who refined the theory of fresnel realized in 1821 that light waves do not vibrate like sound waves http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/F/Fresnel/1.html

Fresnel, Augustin French physicist who refined the theory of polarized light. Fresnel realized in 1821 that light waves do not vibrate like sound waves longitudinally, in the direction of their motion, but transversely, at right angles to the direction of the propagated wave. Fresnel first had to confirm the wave theory of light. He demonstrated mathematically that the dimensions of light and dark bands produced by diffraction could be related to the wavelength of the light producing them if light consisted of waves. To explain double refraction, he then arrived at the theory of transverse waves. Fresnel was born in Broglie, Normandy, and studied in Paris, becoming a civil engineer for the government. When Napoleon returned to France from Elba in 1815, Fresnel deserted his post in protest. He was placed under house arrest, taking advantage of this enforced leisure to develop his ideas on the wave nature of light into a comprehensive mathematical theory. Napoleon's return proved to be short-lived and Fresnel was reinstated into government service.

42. Scientific Identity: Portraits From The Dibner Library Of The History Of Science Scientist, fresnel, augustin Jean (1788 1827). Discipline(s), Physics Portrait of augustin Jean fresnel ~ Enlarge Image ~ http://www.sil.si.edu/digitalcollections/hst/scientific-identity/CF/by_name_disp

43. Who Was Jean Augustin Fresnel? augustin Jean fresnel was a French physicist who lived from 1788 to 1827. He studied light and optics. fresnel s brilliant work led him to work on http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/vss/docs/Power/2-who-was-augustin-jean-

Power System How do solar panels supply energy for spacecraft? Who was Augustin Jean Fresnel? Augustin Jean Fresnel was a French physicist who lived from 1788 to 1827. He studied light and optics. Fresnel's brilliant work led him to work on lighthouses and other technical areas that needed strong, focused lights. He was famous enough to have a street named after him in Metz, France. The basic design for the Fresnel lens is still in use today, from lighthouses to stage spotlights to the solar panels on spacecrafts. How do solar concentrators work? How do solar panels convert the Sun's energy into electricity? Why do solar panels become less useful the farther they get from the Sun? How efficient are solar panels? ... How are solar panels made?

44. A.Word.A.Day--AWADtalk fresnel, augustin Jean (17881827), French physicist, an adherent of the wave theory fresnel, augustin Jean, Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. http://www.wordsmith.org/board/showflat.pl?Cat=&Board=eponyms&Number=79825&page=

45. Ponce De Leon Inlet Light Station - For Kids - Augustin-Jean Fresnel The Ponce Inlet Lighthouse is the tallest lighthouse in Florida. Located 10 miles south of Daytona Beach, the lighthouse and surrounding light station http://www.ponceinlet.org/forkids-fresnel.html

Augustin-Jean Fresnel The Fresnel Lens A Fresnel (pronounced Fra-NEL) lens is what makes the small light at the top of a lighthouse into a strong one that can be seen for many miles out to sea. The Fresnel lens was invented almost 200 years ago and was such a good design that it is still being used in many lighthouses. The lens is named after its inventor Augustin-Jean Fresnel, who was born in France in 1788. Fresnel had problems in school. He did not like to pay attention and memorize things. But he was very good in math and science and won a contest that helped him get into a famous military school. Prisms and Light After he graduated, Fresnel went to work as an engineer building bridges and roads all over the country of France. In his spare time he loved to do experiments with light. He discovered that prisms could bend light and lenses could condense that light. It seemed to him that this combination would work well in lighthouses. A group of prisms could be used to bend the light coming from a lamp, and big lenses could be used to focus the light into a single strong beam. Fresnel lenses come in different sizes. The largest size is the first order lens, and you could easily fit inside one. The next sizes get smaller and are called second order, third order large, third order small, fourth order large and fourth order small, fifth order, and the smallest or sixth order lens. By 1835, most of the lighthouses in Europe were using Fresnel lenses.

46. SAPERE.it - Fresnel, Augustin Jean Translate this page augustin Jean fresnel, che nel 1818 scrisse una memoria sul fenomeno della Schema di biprisma di fresnel. augustin fresnel. Costruzione di fresnel. http://www.sapere.it/gr/ArticleViewServlet?tid=1073392&rid=1073392&from=ArticleV

47. Fresnel Picture Poster Portrait Physics T Shirts Mug Portraits Posters Physicist posters pictures physicists augustin fresnel physicist mug mugs. augustin fresnel derived the fresnel equations for reflection and refraction. http://www.mathematicianspictures.com/famousphysicists/Fresnel.htm

FamousPhysicists. com Famous Physicists Picture Portraits, Tshirts, mugs Niels Boh r Rudolf Julius Clausius Nicolaus Copernicus Paul Dirac Michael Faraday ... SHOPPING CART Augustin Fresnel Click on physicist's image to select products Augustin Fresnel derived the Fresnel equations for reflection and refraction. suitable for framing. For product descriptions, click here Click on physicist's image to select products You can order: Portrait, 10"x15" Poster Portrait, 20"x30" Mugs: 11 oz. Portrait Mug Portrait T shirt (youth sizes) Portrait T shirt (adult sizes) Portrait Sweatshirt Fresnel picture poster portrait physics t shirts t shirt t-shirts t-shirt tshirts tshirt sweatshirt sweatshirts mug mugs portraits posters pictures physicists Augustin Fresnel physicist mug mugs

48. Biografia De Fresnel, Augustin http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/f/fresnel.htm

Inicio Buscador Las figuras clave de la historia Reportajes Los protagonistas de la actualidad Fresnel, Augustin (Chambrais, 1788-Ville d'Avray, 1827) Físico francés. Miembro de la Academia de Ciencias francesa y de la Royal Society. Consagrado al estudio de la óptica, demostró experimentalmente la naturaleza ondulatoria de la luz y explicó los fenómenos de polarización y de doble refracción. Inventó el biprisma de franjas ( biprisma de Fresnel ), con el que se pueden estudiar los fenómenos de interferencia, y el sistema formado por dos espejos planos en ángulo ( espejos de Fresnel ), con el que se obtienen focos de luz coherente. Ideó un método geométrico ( construcción de Fresnel ) para determinar la amplitud y el ángulo de fase de un movimiento oscilatorio resultante de otros dos de igual frecuencia y fases diferentes, en el que las amplitudes de los movimientos componentes son consideradas como vectores y se obtiene su suma por la regla del paralelogramo. Las llamadas ecuaciones de Fresnel permiten relacionar la intensidad de un haz luminoso con la intensidad de los haces reflejado y refractado. Inicio Buscador Recomendar sitio

49. Fresnel Lens Discussion authorized use of a technology new to US the glorious, multiprismed lens invented in France by augustin fresnel (pronounced Fraynell) in 1822. http://www.lanternroom.com/misc/freslens.htm

The Fresnel Lens "The Shining Eye of the Lighthouse" America's first lighthouse used a system of silvered reflectors to intensify the main light source, a whale-oil lamp. But, by the 1850's, the government authorized use of a technology new to U.S.: the glorious, multiprismed lens invented in France by Augustin Fresnel (pronounced Fray-nell ) in 1822. It was a marvel....a complex array of dazzling glass prisms and bull's-eye lens mounted in a gleaming brass framework. Each lens cost $12,000 at the time plus shipping costs from France. The Fresnel lens was much more efficient at collecting and directing the light rays and produced a beam five times more powerful than the reflector system used previously. But, to take maximum advantage of the higher light intensity, the light had to be placed high enough to compensate for the curvature of the earth. When mounted at 100 feet above sea-level, it had a visible range of up to 18 miles at sea. The new lenses were ranked in six sizes called orders. The weakest, ranked sixth, was used in lights on lakes and in harbors while the largest, first-order lenses were used in lighthouses on fogbound coasts. A first-order lens, made up of over 1000 prisms, stood up to 10 to 12 feet tall and measured 6 feet in girth and could weigh up to 3 tons. Many lighthouses have their original Fresnel lenses in place though many are now unused having been replaced by aero-marine beacons. Many of these beautiful lenses have been removed from the lighthouses and placed in museums and other display areas where the public can view and appreciate the workmanship that went into them. Others, unfortunately, have been vandalized when the lighthouses were abandoned and left unguarded.

50. MSN Encarta - Fresnel, Augustin Jean Plus de résultats pour fresnel, augustin Jean http://fr.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761576382/Fresnel_Augustin_Jean.html

Accueil MSN Mon MSN Hotmail Rechercher ... Tout savoir sur la gamme Encarta Rechercher sur Encarta Article accessible sur abonnement MSN Encarta Premium : Acc©dez   30 000 articles encyclop©diques avec plus de 12 000 illustrations, un atlas mondial interactif, un guide du Web et une palette compl¨te de ressources et d'outils ©ducatifs. 34,99 € par an (service d’acc¨s   Internet non compris). En savoir plus. Cet article n'est accessible que si vous ªtes abonn©   MSN Encarta Premium. Dans ce cas, connectez-vous en cliquant sur le lien Aller sur MSN Encarta Premium (ci-dessus). Fresnel, Augustin Jean Fresnel, Augustin Jean (1788-1827), physicien fran§ais, fondateur de l'optique moderne, il proposa une explication de tous les ph©nom¨nes optiques... M©dias Encarta vous int©resse ? Abonnez-vous d¨s maintenant et b©n©ficiez de : Plus de 30 000 articles 2 000 analyses d'oeuvre Plus de 12 000 m©dias (dont des extraits sonores, des vid©os et des m©dias interactifs) Un atlas mondial interactif Une palette compl¨te de ressources et d'outils ©ducatifs Un guide du Web Plus de r©sultats pour Fresnel, Augustin Jean

51. Phares Et Histoire : Le Gloire Des Fresnel augustin fresnel, porté en frontispice de Oeuvres complètes d augustin Extrait de la page de titre de Oeuvres complètes d augustin fresnel http://www.enpc.fr/fr/documentation/fonds_ancien/phares/La-Gloire-des-Fresnel.ht

La gloire des Fresnel S'il n'y avait qu'un nom propre associé à l'histoire des phares de France, ce serait sans doute celui de Fresnel, Augustin Fresnel, savant et ingénieur des ponts et chaussées mort en 1827 à l'âge de 39 ans. Il est l'inventeur des appareils lenticulaires qui, au début du XIXe siècle, révolutionnèrent les techniques employées pour l'éclairage des feux. L'origine des phares modernes s'est en effet condensée sur les objets dont on lui attribue la paternité, des lentilles de verre conservées comme de pieuses reliques par plusieurs institutions scientifiques. Mais la célébration dd'Augustin fait oublier le rôle joué par un autre Fresnel. Dans le Calvados, sur la plaque dédiée par souscription publique aux hommes célèbres du village de Mathieu, les noms de trois Fresnel apparaissent : ceux d'Augustin, de Fulgence, l'orientaliste, et de Léonor, l'ingénieur. Ce dernier, beaucoup moins connu que son frère, a pourtant joué un rôle décisif dans la politique de signalisation maritime de la France.

52. Fresnel fresnel, augustin. (17881827) fresnel ukázal, že pouze prícné vlnení svetla muže být zodpovedné za dvojitý lom. Pri odvozování fresnelových rovnic pro http://www.aldebaran.cz/famous/people/Fresnel_Augustin.html

Fresnel, Augustin Francouzský fyzik, který nezávisle provedl stejný experiment jako Young . Fresnel ukázal, že pouze pøíèné vlnìní svìtla mùže být zodpovìdné za dvojitý lom. Pøi odvozování Fresnelových rovnic pro odraz a lom postupoval obrácenì, od známých skuteèností k teorii. Vytvoøil také matematickou teorii lomu a polarizace v anizotropních krystalech. Z této teorie pøedpovìdìl William Rowan Hamilton kónický lom, který byl zanedlouho objeven.

53. Reading On Fresnel Lenses Later, augustin fresnel modified this idea and the modern fresnel lens was created. His lenses were first used on the French coast as a lightweight and http://acept.la.asu.edu/PiN/rdg/fresnel/fresnel.shtml

Fresnel Lenses During the height of the Shipping Age in the 18th century, France was looking for a way to make new lighthouses along the coast of Normandy and Brittany. The lenses that were used in the lighthouses were huge pieces of glass that were both bulky and expensive. In 1748, Georges de Buffon realized that only one side of a lens is needed to bend light. In fact, only the outer surface of the lens is needed. Why do we only need the surface to bend the light? de Buffon cut away the inside of the lens and left rings with edges on the outside. Later, Augustin Fresnel modified this idea and the modern Fresnel lens was created. His lenses were first used on the French coast as a lightweight and less-expensive alternative to the old, bulky lighthouse lenses. Below is a schematic cut-away diagram showing how a Fresnel lens is made. Activities Readings Course Info Home Page authored by the ACEPT W Group Department of Physics and Astronomy Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1504 Last modified 26 December 1999 Send Questions or Comments to our webmaster URL: http://acept.asu.edu/PiN/rdg/fresnel/fresnel.shtml

54. Gallica - Fresnel, Augustin. (français). 1866-1870]Oeuvres Complètes D'Augusti Translate this page http://visualiseur.bnf.fr/Visualiseur?Destination=Gallica&O=NUMM-91937

55. Gallica - Fresnel, Augustin. Mémoire Sur Un Nouveau Système D'éclairage Des P Translate this page http://visualiseur.bnf.fr/Visualiseur?Destination=Gallica&O=NUMM-94900

56. New Catholic Dictionary: Augustin Jean Fresnel New Catholic Dictionary augustin Jean fresnel. augustin Jean fresnel Physicist, born Brogglie, Normandy, France, 1788; died Ville d Avray, http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/ncd03407.htm

Augustin Jean Fresnel Physicist, born Brogglie, Normandy, France died Ville d' Avray, near Paris, France . He occupies a prominent place among French scientists. He extended the work of Huyghens on double refraction and developed the theory bearing his name, formulated the laws of the interference of polarized light, and by his system of lenses revolutionized lighthouse illumination. New Catholic Dictionary NCD Index Page Catholic Community Forum Contact Author Message Board

57. Fresnel, Augustin Jean - áèîãðàôèÿ The summary for this Russian page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.2day.ru/8672-show.asp

Fresnel, Augustin Jean

58. Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics And You - Timeline - Augustin-Jean Fresne augustinJean fresnel, was a nineteenth century French physicist, who is best known for the invention of unique compound lenses to produce parallel beams of http://microscopy.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/fresnel.html

Visit the Molecular Expressions Website Galleria Photo Gallery ... Home Augustin-Jean Fresnel Augustin-Jean Fresnel was a nineteenth century French physicist, most often remembered for the invention of unique compound lenses designed to produce parallel beams of light, which are still used widely in lighthouses. Born in Broglie, France on May 10, 1788, Fresnel was the son of an architect and received a strict, religious upbringing. His parents were Jansenists, a sect of Roman Catholics that believed only a small, predestined group would receive salvation and that the multitudes could not change their fate through their actions on Earth. Fresnel's early education was provided by his parents and he was considered a slow learner, barely able to read by the age of 8. When he was 12-years-old, however, Fresnel began formal studies at the Central School in Caen, where he was introduced to the wonders of science and demonstrated an aptitude in mathematics. Fresnel's academic predilections inspired him to pursue a career in engineering. He entered the Polytechnic School in Paris in 1804 and, two years later, the School of Civil Engineering. Following graduation, he worked on engineering projects for several years in a variety of French government departments, but temporarily lost his post when Napoleon returned from Elba in 1815. Having already begun performing scientific work in his spare time, the change of events provided Fresnel with the opportunity to increase his efforts in this arena, and he soon began to focus on optics. Even when he was provided with a new engineering position in Paris after the second restoration, Fresnel continued his scientific investigations.

59. AllRefer.com - Augustin Jean Fresnel (Physics, Biography) - Encyclopedia AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete information on augustin Jean fresnel, Physics, Biographies. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/F/Fresnel.html

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60. Howstuffworks How Does A Fresnel Lens Work? The fresnel lens is named for its inventor, French physicist augustin Jean fresnel. fresnel studied light and optics in the 19th century. http://science.howstuffworks.com/question244.htm

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