1. The Galileo Project Science Christopher Clavius Christopher Clavius (15371612) Nothing is known of Clavius's early life, except that he was born in Bamberg in the German region. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

2. Clavius Biography of Christopher Clavius (15381612) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA Christopher Clavius Christopher Clavius. Christoph Clau, mathematician and astronomer, whose most important achievement related to the reform of the calendar under http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

4. Select Clavius Bibliography Very selective bibliography for Clavius. For a more complete bibliography consult Lattis, Between Copernicus and Galileo (below). Baldini, Ugo. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. New Catholic Dictionary Clavius, Christopher New Catholic Dictionary Clavius, Christopher http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

6. The Clavius Group Clavius group at Fairfield University in 1998. Clavius group at Fairfield University in 1991 next to the renowned Clavius Townhouse http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Christopher Clavius, S.J. Christopher Christopher Clavius, S.J. and his Gregorian calendar http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Christopher Clavius (1537-1612) Christopher Clavius (15371612) Slide 1 of 11 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. The Galileo Project | Science | Christopher Clavius Christopher Clavius (15371612). Nothing is known of Clavius s early life, exceptthat he was born in Bamberg in the German region. http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/clavius.html

The Galileo Project Science Christopher Clavius Christopher Clavius Christopher Clavius (1537-1612) Nothing is known of Clavius's early life, except that he was born in Bamberg in the German region. We do not even know his German name, although various possibilities have been suggested. Clavius grew up during the initial stages of the Protestant Reformation in a region of Germany, Franconia, that remained Catholic. Three years after he was born, Ignatius de Loyola founded the Jesuit order with ten initial members; its membership had reached about a thousand by 1555, when Clavius was admitted to the order in Rome, a month before his seventeenth birthday. In 1556 he was sent to the university of Coimbra in Portugal, where the Jesuits had founded their own college. Here he took the normal university curriculum but excelled in the mathematical subjects, and his observation of the total solar eclipse of 1560 made him decide that astronomy would be his life's work. In 1560 he returned to Rome and began his study of theology at the Collegio Romano . He was ordained in 1564 while still pursuing his theological studies. In 1575 he became a full member of the order. He began teaching the mathematical subjects at the college as early as 1564 and, except for a two-year stay in Naples, he was on the faculty of the Collegio Romano until his death in 1612.

10. Christopher Clavius About Christopher Clavius. By Albert Van Helden Return to the main page view. Name Christopher Clavius. Number m11958 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Christopher Clavius History Christopher Clavius. By Albert Van Helden Return to the main page view. Name Christopher Clavius. Number m11958 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Christopher Clavius - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Christopher Clavius Information From Answers.comChristopher clavius christopher Clavius , born Christoph Clau, ( March 25 , 1538 –February 12 , 1612 ) was a German mathematician and. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Clavius

Wikimedia needs your help in its 21-day fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$145,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August. Thank you for your generosity! Christopher Clavius From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Christopher Clavius , born Christoph Clau or Klau March 25 February 12 ) was a German mathematician and astronomer who was the main architect of the modern Gregorian calendar . In his last years he was probably the most respected astronomer in Europe Clavius, born in Bamberg and joined the Jesuit order in . He attended the University of Coimbra in Portugal , where the famous mathematician Pedro Nunes was his teacher. Following this he went to Italy and studied theology at the Jesuit Collegio Romano in Rome . He remained at the Collegio Romano where he taught mathematics . In fact, except for a period in Naples around 1596 and a visit to Spain in 1597, Clavius was to remain Professor of Mathematics at the Collegio Romano for the rest of his life. In he was assigned to compute the basis for a reformed calendar that would stop the slow process in which the Church's holidays were drifting relative to the seasons of the year. This calendar was adopted in in Catholic countries by order of Pope Gregory XIII and is now used worldwide.

13. Christopher_Clavius Christopher Clavius , born Christoph Clau, (March 25, 1538 – February 12,1612) was a German mathematician and astronomer who was the main architect of http://copernicus.subdomain.de/Christopher_Clavius

Suche: Main Page '''Christopher Clavius''', born Christoph Clau, ( March 25 February 12 ) was a German mathematician and astronomer who was the main architect of the modern Gregorian calendar . In his last years he was probably the most respected astronomer in Europe Clavius, born in Bamberg , joined the Jesuit order in and later moved to Rome , where he taught at the order's Collegium Romanum for the rest of his life. In he was assigned to compute the basis for a reformed calendar that would stop the slow process in which the Church's holidays were drifting relative to the seasons of the year. This calendar was adopted in in Catholic countries by order of Pope Gregory XIII and is now used worldwide. His commentary on Euclid's geometry was one of the most influential of the time. As an astronomer Clavius held strictly to the geocentric model of the solar system, in which all the heavens rotate about the Earth . Though he opposed the heliocentric model of Copernicus , he recognized problems with the orthodox model. He was treated with great respect by Galileo , who visited him in and discussed the new observations being made with the telescope ; Clavius had by that time accepted the new discoveries as genuine, though he retained doubts about the reality of the mountains on the

14. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Christopher Clavius Visit New Advent for the Summa Theologica, Church Fathers, Catholic Encyclopediaand more. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04009a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... C > Christopher Clavius A B C D ... Z Christopher Clavius Christoph Clau, mathematician and astronomer, whose most important achievement related to the reform of the calendar under Gregory XIII ; born at Bamberg, Bavaria, 1538; died at Rome, 12 February, 1612. The German form of his name was latinized into "Clavius". He entered the Society of Jesus in 1555 and his especial talent for mathematical research showed itself even in his preliminary studies at Coimbra. Called to Rome by his superiors as teacher of this branch of science at the well-known Collegium Romanum, he was engaged uninterruptedly there until his death. the greatest scholars of his time, such men as Tycho Brahe, Johann Kepler, Galileo Galilei clavis , "key"), that he was appointed a cardinal , that he met his death by the thrust of a mad bull, etc. His relations with Galilei , with whom he remained on friendly terms until his death, have also been often misrepresented. The best evidence of the actual achievements of the great man is presented by his numerous writings, which at the end of his life he reissued at Mainz in five huge folio volumes in a collective edition under the title, "Christophori Clavii e Scoietate Jesu opera mathematica, quinque tomis distributa". The first contains the Euclidian geometry and the "Spheric" of Theodosius (Sphaericorum Libri III); the second, the practical geometry and algebra; the third is composed of a complete commentary upon the "Sphaera" of Joannes de Sacro Bosco (John Holywood), and a dissertation upon the astrolabe; the fourth contains what was up to that time the most detailed and copious discussion of gnomonics, i.e. the art of constructing all possible sun-dials; finally, the fifth contains the best and most fundamental exposition of the reform of the calendar accomplished under

15. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Index For C clavius, christopher Mathematician and astronomer (15381612) clavius,Claudius Danish cartographer (b. 1388) Clayton, James http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/c.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... Catholic Encyclopedia > C A B C D ... Z C Caballero, Raimundo Diosdado Writer (1740-1830) Caballero y Ocio, Juan Priest (1644-1707) Cabas Titular see Cabassut French theologian and priest (1604-1685) Cabello de Balboa, Miguel Sixteenth-century Spanish priest Navigators and explorers Cabral, Francisco Portuguese missionary in Japan (1529-1609) Cabral, Pedralvarez Portuguese navigator (b. 1460) Sixteenth-century sailor Cadalous Bishop and antipope (d.1072) Caddo Indians Cades Cadillac, Antoine de Lamothe, Sieur de Founder of Detroit (1657-1730) Cadiz, Diocese of Cadwallador, Venerable Roger English martyr (1568-1610) Seventh-century poet Caen, University of Titular see and Armenian bishopric in Asia Minor Titular see in North Africa Titular see in Palestine French bishop and theologian (470-543) Cistercian monk (1170-1240) Physician and brother of St. Gregory of Nazianzus (330-368) Twelfth-century Benedictine abbot and Cistercian monk Titular see Cagliari, Archdiocese of Cagli e Pergola, Diocese of Cahier, Charles French antiquarian (1807-1882) Cahill, Daniel William

16. Clavius Biography of christopher clavius (15381612) christopher clavius entered theJesuit Order in 1555 and received his education within the Order. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Clavius.html

Christopher Clavius Born: 25 March 1538 in Bamberg (now in Germany) Died: 2 Feb 1612 in Rome (now in Italy) Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Christopher Clavius entered the Jesuit Order in 1555 and received his education within the Order. He attended the University of Coimbra in Portugal. Following this he went to Italy and studied theology at the Jesuit Collegio Romano in Rome. He remained at the Collegio Romano were he taught mathematics. In fact, except for a period in Naples around 1596 and a visit to Spain in 1597, Clavius was to remain Professor of Mathematics at the Collegio Romano for the rest of his life. The Julian leap-year rule created 3 leap years too many in every period of 385 years. As a result, the actual occurrence of the equinoxes and solstices slowly moved away from their calendar dates. The date of the spring equinox determines the date of Easter so the church began to press for reform. Clavius proposed that Wednesday, Oct. 4, 1582 (Julian) should be followed by Thursday, Oct. 15, 1582 (Gregorian). He proposed that leap years occur in years exactly divisible by four, except that years ending in 00 must be divisible by 400 to be leap years. This rule is still used today and is so accurate that no further reform of the calendar will be necessary for many centuries.

17. References For Clavius References for the biography of christopher clavius. E Knobloch, Sur la vieet oeuvre de christopher clavius, Revue d histoire des sciences 41 (1988), http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Clavius.html

References for Christopher Clavius Version for printing Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Books: J M Lattis, Between Copernicus and Galileo : Christoph Clavius and the collapse of Ptolemaic cosmology (Chicago, 1994). C Sommervogel, II (Brussels-Paris, 1891). Articles: E Knobloch, Sur la vie et oeuvre de Christopher Clavius, Revue d'histoire des sciences E Knobloch, Christoph Clavius. Ein Namen- und Schriftenverzeichnis zu seinen 'Opera mathematica' (German), Boll. Storia Sci. Mat. J M Lattis, Homocentrics, eccentrics and Clavius's refutation of Fracastoro, Physis Riv. Internaz. Storia Sci. (N.S.) L Maieru, Euclid's fifth postulate from C. Clavius (1589) to G. Saccheri (1733) (Italian), Arch. Hist. Exact Sci. L Maieru, John Wallis : a reading of the polemics between Peletier and Clavius concerning the angle of contact (Italian), in Conference on the History of Mathematics (Rende, 1991), 315-364. L Maieru, ...'in Christophorum Clavium de contactu linearum Apologia :' on the polemics between Peletier and Clavius concerning the angle of contingence (1579-1589) (Italian), Arch. Hist. Exact Sci.

18. New Catholic Dictionary: Clavius, Christopher New Catholic Dictionary clavius, christopher. christopher clavius; ChristophClau. christopher clavius Jesuit astronomer and mathematician, http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/ncd02072.htm

Christopher Clavius; Christoph Clau Jesuit astronomer and mathematician , born Bamberg Bavaria 25 March died Rome, Italy 12 February . Known as the "Euclid of the 16th century ," he distingnished himself in mathematical research at Coimbra and was appointed to the chair of mathematics at the Collegium Romanum . He devised a method of dividing a measuring scale which was the precursor of the so-called Vernier's measuring instrument, but his greatest achievement was the execution and success of the Gregorian Calendar reform which prevailed through his efforts. His numerous scientific works have been published collectively under the title of "Christophori Clavii e Societate Jesu Opera Mathematica quinque tomis distributa." Among them are a practical geometry and algebra, an exposition of gnomonics, and a treatise on the Gregorian Calendar reform. New Catholic Dictionary NCD Index Page Catholic Community Forum Contact Author Message Board

19. Saint Joseph Software Encyclopedia: C christopher Borrus christopher Clau christopher clavius christopher Columbus Chronicon Paschale Chronology, Biblical chronology, general http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/refc.htm

SAINT JOSEPH SOFTWARE ENCYCLOPEDIA C. C.J.M. C.M. C.P. ... camerarius ce camerarius ncd camerarius Camerlengo ce Camerlengo ncd Camerlengo Cameronians Camisards, White Camisards ... Cathari ce Cathari ncd Cathari cathedra Cathedral College of the Immaculate Conception Cathedral College ... Celestine II antipope celibacy cell cella cellarer ... Ceylon ncd Ceylon psi Ceylon chained Bibles chains Chair of Peter ncd Chair of Peter Chair of Saint Peter ce Chalcedon, Council of ncd Chalcedon, Council of psi Chalcedon, Council of chalcedony Chaldean Antonians of the Congregation of Saint Hormisdas Chaldean Rite ... chamberlain ce chamberlain eb chamberlain ncd chamberlain Chamberlains of Honor Extra Urbem Chamberlains of Honor of Sword and Cape Chamberlains of Honor of the Purple Habit ... chaplet ncd chaplet psi chaplet Chappuis, Mary de Sales Chaptal, Jean Antoine chapter house ... Christian name ce Christian name ncd Christian name Christian Retreat, Congregation of the Christian Science Christian Socialism ... Christian Union Church of God Christian Union Christian Workers for Fellowship Christian Christianity ... Christmas ce Christmas ncd Christmas Christo profusum sanguinem Christology Christopher Borrus ... Chronology, Biblical

20. The Clavius Group christopher clavius, SJ The Euclid of the Sixteenth Century. The clavius Groupwas named for the sixteenth century German Jesuit mathematician, christopher http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/jmac/cl/clavius.htm

The Clavius Group Collaboration in Mathematical Research "Let an academy be formed for the advancement of mathematics" (Christopher Clavius, S.J. in 1596) Clavius group at Fairfield University in 1998 Clavius group at Fairfield University in 1991 next to the renowned Clavius Townhouse Clavius gatherings from 1987 to 1996 On this page is found A list of Clavius mathematicians A short history of the Clavius Group The host colleges and institutes The hosts according to year Pertinent information about members of the Clavius Group Clavius Activities at Notre Dame University in 1990 Clavius Activities at Fairfield University in 1991 Clavius Activities at Boston College in 1993 Clavius Activities at the Institute for Advanced Study IAS in 1994 Clavius Activities at Notre Dame University in 1995 Clavius Activities at Boston College in 1996 Clavius Activities at Fairfield University in 1998 Clavius Activities at Holy Cross in 1999 Clavius Activities at Notre Dame in 2000 Clavius Activities at the Institute for Advanced Study IAS in 2001 Clavius Activities at Fairfield University in 2002 A few Clavians in uniform List of Clavius mathematicians Hugh Albright FSC Tom Banchoff John Blanton Tom Cecil Lawrence Conlon Margaret Freije Richard Freije James Heitsch Michelle Intermont Ron Knill John MacDonnell SJ Joseph MacDonnell, S.J.

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