21. Chebyshev Work on prime numbers included the determination of the number of primes not exceeding a given number, wrote an important book on the theory of congruences, proved that there was always at least one prime between n and 2n for n 3. http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Chebyshev.html

Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev Born: 16 May 1821 in Okatovo, Russia Died: 8 Dec 1894 in St Petersburg, Russia Click the picture above to see five larger pictures Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Pafnuty Chebyshev 's parents were Agrafena Ivanova Pozniakova and Lev Pavlovich Chebyshev. Pafnuty was born in Okatovo, a small town in western Russia, west of Moscow. At the time of his birth his father had retired from the army, but earlier in his military career Lev Pavlovich had fought as an officer against Napoleon's invading armies. Pafnuty Lvovich was born on the small family estate into a upper class family with an impressive history. Lev Pavlovich and Agrafena Ivanova had nine children some of whom followed in their father's military tradition. Let us say a little about life in Russia at the time Pafnuty Lvovich was growing up. There was a great deal of national pride in the country following the Russian defeat of Napoleon, and their victory led to Russia being viewed by other European countries with a mixture of fear and respect. On the one hand there was those in the country who viewed Russia as superior to other countries and argued that it should isolate itself from them. On the other hand, educated young Russians who had served in the army had seen Europe, learned to read and speak French and German, knew something of European culture, literature, and science, and they argued for a westernisation of the country.

22. References For Chebyshev References for the biography of pafnuty chebyshev. D Stander, Makers of modernmathematics pafnuty Liwowich chebyshev, Bull. Inst. Math. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Chebyshev.html

References for Pafnuty Chebyshev Version for printing Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. available on the Web Books: H Bernhard, Chebyshev, in H Wussing and W Arnold, Biographien bedeutender Mathematiker (Berlin, 1983). S Gurov and N Hromienkov, The great Russian scientist P L Chebyshev (on the 140th anniversary of his birth) (Kaluga, 1961). A M Lyapunov, Pafnuty Lovovich Chebyshev (Kharkov, 1895). V E Prudnikov, Pafnutii Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894) (Russian) (Moscow, 1976). V E Prudnikov, P L Chebyshev scientist and teacher (Russian) (Moscow, 1964). Articles: N I Akhiezer, Function theory according to Chebyshev, in Mathematics of the 19th century (Basel, 1998), 1-81. S N Bernstein, Chebyshev's influence on the development of mathematics (Russian), Uch. Zap. Mosk. Gos. Univ. S N Bernstein, Chebyshev's influence on the development of mathematics (translation of [9], with a foreword by O Sheynin), Math. Sci. P Butzer and F Jongmans, P L Chebyshev (1821-1894) : A guide to his life and work

23. Chebyshev, Pafnuty Lvovich --  Encyclopædia Britannica chebyshev, pafnuty Lvovich founder of the St. Petersburg mathematical school (sometimescalled the chebyshev school), who is remembered primarily for his http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9022729

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Chebyshev, Pafnuty Lvovich  Encyclopædia Britannica Article Page 1 of 1 Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev born May 4 [May 16, New Style], 1821, Okatovo, Russia died November 26 [December 8], 1894, St. Petersburg Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev. Sovfoto founder of the St. Petersburg mathematical school (sometimes called the Chebyshev school), who is remembered primarily for his work on the theory of prime numbers and on the approximation of functions.

24. Search Results For Rectilinear - Encyclopædia Britannica chebyshev, pafnuty Lvovich pafnuty Lvovich chebyshev. founder of the St.Petersburg mathematical school (sometimes called the chebyshev school), http://www.britannica.com/search?query=rectilinear&ct=&fuzzy=N

25. Chebyshev, Pafnuty (1821-1894) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biog chebyshev, pafnuty (18211894). Russian mathematician who made contributions tonumber theory, algebra, probability, analysis, and applied mathematics. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Chebyshev.html

Branch of Science Mathematicians Nationality Russian Chebyshev, Pafnuty (1821-1894) Russian mathematician who made contributions to number theory, algebra, probability, analysis, and applied mathematics. He put limits on the asymptotic limit of the totient function which allowed him to prove Bertrand's postulate Additional biographies: MacTutor (St. Andrews)

26. Allmath.com - Math Site For Kids! Home Of Flashcards, Math chebyshev, pafnuty Lvovich. chebishof. (182194). Mathematician, born inOkatovo, Russia. A graduate of Moscow University, he became an assistant at St http://www.allmath.com/biosearch.php?QMeth=ID&ID=6693

27. Science Central - Chebyshev - Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894) Biography of pafnuty chebyshev (18211894) chebyshev - pafnuty Lvovichchebyshev (1821-1894). Populatiry Hit 27 Visit 3 http://www.sciencecentral.com/site/496039

Wednesday, 31 August, 2005 Home Submit Science Site Set as Homepage Add to Favorite ... Contact search for Directories Agriculture Anomalies and Alternative Science Astronomy Biology ... Technology Category: Science Math History People ... REPORT BROKEN LINK Chebyshev - Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894) Populatiry: Details document.write(''); URL Title Chebyshev Description Biography of Pafnuty Chebyshev (1821-1894) Category: Traffic Analysis document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); Related sites Fourier - Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) (Populatiry: ): Baron, mathematical physicist, French Revolution, a teacher, a secret policeman, ... Fermat - Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) (Populatiry: ): From `A Short Account of the History of Mathematics' (4th ... Gauss - Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855) (Populatiry: ): Gauss' Biography, Formulae, properties, Gauss' Life in Charts, Quotes, Doing ... Abel - Niels Henrik Abel (1802-1829) (Populatiry: ): Norwegian mathematician. Worked on elliptic functions and integrals, algebraic solution ... Cauchy - Augustin-Louis Cauchy (1789-1857) (Populatiry: ): (Catholic Encyclopedia) Theory of polyhedra, symmetrical functions, proof of a ...

28. Encyclopaedia Britannica Entry chebyshev, pafnuty Lvovich. Born May 4 May 16, New Style, 1821, Okatovo, RussiaDied Nov. 26 Dec. 8, 1894, St. Petersburg http://www.aam314.vzz.net/EB/Chebyshev.html

Chebyshev, Pafnuty Lvovich Born: May 4 [May 16, New Style], 1821, Okatovo, Russia Died: Nov. 26 [Dec. 8], 1894, St. Petersburg Founder of the St. Petersburg mathematical school (sometimes called the Chebyshev school), who is remembered primarily for his work on the theory of prime numbers. Chebyshev became assistant professor of mathematics at the University of St. Petersburg in 1847. In 1860 he became a correspondent and in 1874 a foreign associate of the Institut de France. He developed a basic inequality of probability theory called Chebyshev's inequality, a generalized form of the BienaymŽ-Chebyshev inequality, and used the latter inequality to give a very simple and precise demonstration of the generalized law of large numbers. Chebyshev's work on prime numbers included the determination of the number of primes below a given number. He studied theoretical mechanics and devoted much attention to the problem of obtaining rectilinear motion from rotary motion by mechanical linkage. The Chebyshev parallel motion is a three-bar linkage that gives a very close approximation to exact rectilinear motion. His mathematical writings covered a wide range of subjects, including the theory of probabilities, quadratic forms, orthogonal functions, the theory of integrals, gearings, the construction of geographic maps, and formulas for the computation of volumes. His Teoria sravneny (1849; "Theory of Congruences") made him widely known in the mathematical world and was used as a textbook in Russian universities for many years.

29. The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Pafnuty Chebyshev According to our current online database, pafnuty chebyshev has 5 students and3436 descendants. We welcome any additional information. http://www.genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/html/id.phtml?id=12542

30. The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Update Data For Pafnuty Chebyshev If you have Mathematics Subject Classifications to submit for an entire group ofindividuals (for instance all those that worked under a particular advisor) http://www.genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/html/php/submit-update.php?id=12542

31. Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev In 1847, pafnuty chebyshev was appointed to the University of St. Petersburg.He became a foreign associate of the Institut de France in 1874 and also of http://www.stetson.edu/~efriedma/periodictable/html/Ce.html

Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev In 1847, Pafnuty Chebyshev was appointed to the University of St. Petersburg. He became a foreign associate of the Institut de France in 1874 and also of the Royal Society. His work on prime numbers included the determination of the number of primes not exceeding a given number. He wrote an important book on the theory of congruences in 1849. In his work on integrals, he generalized the beta function. Chebyshev was also interested in mechanics, and studied the problems involved in converting rotary motion into rectilinear motion by mechanical coupling. The Chebyshev parallel motion is three linked bars approximating rectilinear motion. He wrote about many subjects, including probability theory, quadratic forms, orthogonal functions, the theory of integrals, the construction of maps, and the calculation of geometric volumes.

32. Pafnuty Chebyshev -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article pafnuty Lvovich chebyshev ( ? ?) (May 16 1821 December 91894) was a (A federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/p/pa/pafnuty_chebyshev.htm

Pafnuty Chebyshev [Categories: Statisticians, Number theorists, Russian mathematicians, 1894 deaths, 1821 births] Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (A federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state) Russia n (A person skilled in mathematics) mathematician . His name is also (Click link for more info and facts about transliterated) transliterated as Chebyshov Tchebycheff or Tschebyscheff (obsolete German transcription). He was born in western (A native or inhabitant of Russia) Russian city Okatovo, in the family of Agrafena Ivanova Pozniakova and Lev Pavlovich Chebyshev with 9 children. His father fought as an officer against (French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)) Napoleon 's invading army. His was originally home-schooled by his mother and his cousin Avdotia Kvintillianova Soukhareva. He learned (The Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France) French early in life that helped him in the future to communicate with other mathematicians. From childhood he had one leg longer than another that prevented him from playing with other kids and allowed to concentrate on studying. Later he joined (Click link for more info and facts about Moscow University) Moscow University He was a student of (Click link for more info and facts about Nikolai Brashman) Nikolai Brashman . His own most illustrious student was (Russian mathematician (1856-1922)) Andrei Markov He is known for his work in the field of (A measure of how likely it is that some event will occur)

33. Chebyshev Polynomials -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article named after (Click link for more info and facts about pafnuty chebyshev)pafnuty chebyshev ( ?), are a (Serial arrangement in which things http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/c/ch/chebyshev_polynomials.htm

Chebyshev polynomials [Categories: Numerical analysis, Special functions, Polynomials] In (A science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement) mathematics the Chebyshev (A mathematical expression that is the sum of a number of terms) polynomials , named after (Click link for more info and facts about Pafnuty Chebyshev) Pafnuty Chebyshev ), are a (Serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern) sequence of (Click link for more info and facts about orthogonal polynomials) orthogonal polynomials which are related to (Click link for more info and facts about de Moivre's formula) de Moivre's formula and which are easily defined (Click link for more info and facts about recursive) recursive ly, like (Click link for more info and facts about Fibonacci) Fibonacci or (Click link for more info and facts about Lucas number) Lucas number s. One usually distinguishes between Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind which are denoted T n and Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind which are denoted U n . The letter T is used because of the alternative (A transcription from one alphabet to another) transliteration s of the name Chebyshev as Tchebyshef or Tschebyscheff The Chebyshev polynomials T n or U n are polynomials of degree n and the (Serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern) sequence of Chebyshev polynomials of either kind composes a (Click link for more info and facts about polynomial sequence)

34. Kohler Biographies BIOGRAPHY 7.1 pafnuty L. chebyshev (1821 1894). pafnuty Lvovich chebyshev wasborn in Okatovo, Russia. His parents, who belonged to the gentry, http://www.swlearning.com/quant/kohler/stat/biographical_sketches/bio7.1.html

Quizzing and Testing Recommended Readings Web Site Links Biographical Sketches Statistics in the News Applications Syllabus Generator Instructor's Manual ... PowerPoint Presentation BIOGRAPHY 7.1 Pafnuty L. Chebyshev Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev was born in Okatovo, Russia. His parents, who belonged to the gentry, had him privately tutored. He quickly became fascinated by mathematics and eventually studied mathematics and physics at Moscow University. Even as a student, he won a silver medal for a now-famous paper on calculating the roots of equations. It was only the first of many brilliant papers that he wrote while teaching mathematics at St. Petersburg University and pursuing a keen interest in mechanical engineering. (Among other things, he contributed significantly to ballistics, which gave rise to various innovations in artillery, and he invented a calculating machine.) Always, he stressed the unity of theory and practice, saying: Mathematical sciences have attracted especial attention since the greatest antiquity; they are attracting still more interest at present because of their influence on industry and arts. The agreement of theory and practice brings most beneficial results; and it is not exclusively the practical side that gains; the sciences are advancing under its influence as it discovers new objects of study for them, new aspects to exploit in subjects long familiar. Chebyshev typically worked toward the effective solution of problems by establishing

35. Chebyshev Biography of pafnuty chebyshev (18211894) pafnuty Lvovich chebyshev. Born16 May 1821 in Okatovo, Russia Died 8 Dec 1894 in St Petersburg, Russia http://www.mathsoc.spb.ru/pantheon/chebyshe/

Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev Born: 16 May 1821 in Okatovo, Russia Died: 8 Dec 1894 in St Petersburg, Russia See a Russian article In 1847 Chebyshev was appointed to the University of St Petersburg. He became a foreign associate of the Institut de France in 1874 and also of the Royal Society. His work on prime numbers included the determination of the number of primes not exceeding a given number. He wrote an important book Teoria sravneny on the theory of congruences in 1849. In 1845 Bertrand conjectured that there was always at least one prime between n and 2n for n > 3. Chebyshev proved Bertrand's conjecture in 1850. Chebyshev also came close to proving the prime number theorem, proving that if In his work on integrals he generalised the beta function and examined integrals of the form p (1-x) q dx. Chebyshev was also interested in mechanics and studied the problems involved in converting rotary motion into rectilinear motion by mechanical coupling. The Chebyshev parallel motion is three linked bars approximating rectilinear motion. He wrote about many subjects, including probability theory, quadratic forms, orthogonal functions, the theory of integrals, the construction of maps, and the calculation of geometric volumes.

36. A Quotation By Chebyshev A quotation by pafnuty chebyshev. A quotation by pafnuty chebyshev. To isolatemathematics from the practical demands of the sciences is to invite the http://www.mathsoc.spb.ru/pantheon/chebyshe/quot.html

A quotation by Pafnuty Chebyshev To isolate mathematics from the practical demands of the sciences is to invite the sterility of a cow shut away from the bulls. Quoted in G Simmons, Calculus Gems (New York 1992).

37. Tschebischeff, Chebyshev (1821-1894) In 1832, the chebyshev family moved to Moscow, and pafnuty continued to be schooledat ÒMakers of modern mathematics pafnuty Liwowich chebyshev,Ó Bull. http://kmoddl.library.cornell.edu/biographies/Tschebischeff/index.php

Tschebischeff Category: GeradfŸhrungen (Straight-line mechanism) Item Number: and Description: Kreuzlenker (Cross guide) and Zwischenlenker (Between guide) Biographical Information: Though spelled differently in the Voigt catalog, Reuleaux was referring to the Russian mathematician Pafnuty (Pafnut“i) Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894). Chebyshev was born in a small town in western Russia, the son of a retired military officer, Lev Pavlovich. The Chebyshev family, which included nine children, lived in a small family estate in an upper-class area in the town of Okatovo. Chebyshev was educated at home, receiving lessons in reading, writing, French and arithmetic from his mother and his cousin, but unlike his brothers, Pafnuty could not follow his father and have a career in the military due to one leg being longer than the other. Some of the work that came out of this trip was the paper ThŽorie des mŽcanismes connus sous le nom de parallŽlogrammes published in 1854; the calculation of geometric volumes, and the construction of calculating machines; the investigation and contribution to the theory of the best approximation of functions; and the study of the problems involved in converting rotary motion into rectilinear motion by mechanical coupling. Soon after the trip, Chebyshev developed the three bar linkage that approximated rectilinear (parallel) motion and he wrote many papers on his mechanical inventions. In 1893 several of his mechanical devices were exhibited at the World's Exposition in Chicago, including his invention of a special bicycle for women.

38. KMODDL - Kinematic Models For Design Digital Library chebyshev Tschebischeff, pafnuty Lvovich (Biography). full metadata Straightline Mechanism; Reuleaux Six Link, Straight-Line Mechanism of chebyshev http://kmoddl.library.cornell.edu/resources.php?id=288

39. World Of Quotes - Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev Quotes. pafnuty Lvovich chebyshev Quotes, Searchable and browsable database of quotationswith author and subject indexes. Quotes from famous political leaders, http://www.worldofquotes.com/author/Pafnuty-Lvovich-Chebyshev/1/

i Topics Authors Proverbs ... Quote-A-Day Main Menu Topics Authors Proverbs Documents ... Contact Sponsor 1 Quotes for 'Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev' in the Database. Pages: Author Letter "P" To isolate mathematics from the practical demands of the sciences is to invite the sterility of a cow shut away from the bulls. Topic: Mathematics Source: "Calculus Gems" by G.F. Simmons (198) Pages: Topics Authors Proverbs Search ... Quote-A-Day All Quotes are provided for educational purposes only and contributed by users. Contact LyricsCrawler.com CheatsCrawler.com Page Generated in: 0.0062470436096191 seconds. o

40. Connecting The Dots Here s a picture of pafnuty Lvovitch chebyshev (18211894). The end of the talkconcentrated on piecewise polynomial interpolation in three dimensions, http://www.ima.umn.edu/~arnold/interpolation/

Connecting the Dots The Theory and Practice of Interpolation MASS colloquium, November 12, 1996 and September 25, 1997 by Douglas N. Arnold Abstract: If you know the value of a function at only a handful of points, what is the best way to guess to the function's value elsewhere? In other words: given a few dots on a graph, how should you connect them? This seemingly simple question inspired the rich subject known as interpolation theory. In this talk, which will be extensively illustrated with computer examples, I will survey some of the lovely, and often deep, mathematical results of this theory. We will mostly tour the classical world of polynomial interpolation, but will end with an excursion to the more modern land of piecewise polynomial interpolation and finite elements, and glimpse an application to the simulation of colliding black holes. This colloquium was delivered in the McAllister Technology Classroom and consisted mostly of live graphical illustrations in Matlab, prepared Mathematica animations, prepared GIF images, some "slides" prepared in TeX, and occasional recourse to the blackboard. In response to popular demand, the materials for the lecture are available here. Matlab files These files can be downloaded to your site and run. This requires, of course, that you have Matlab, a commercial software product from

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