http://yorty.sonoma.edu/people/faculty/tenn/Table of contents for Hetherington, Norriss S., ed., Encyclopedia of Cosmology (Garland, NY, 1993). ISBN 0-8240-7213-8. Absolute Magnitude 3 Alhazen (965-ca. 1040) 3 Alpha-Beta-Gamma Theory 3 Anaximander (610-546 B.C.) 4 Anaximenes (fl. 546 B.C.) 4 Andromeda Galaxy 4 Anthropic Principle 11 Apparent Magnitude 17 Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) 19 Aristotle's Cosmology 20 Astronomical Unit 25 Atomist Cosmology 25 Averroes (1126-1198) 27 Avicenna (980-1037) 27 Baade, Walter (1893-1960) 29 Bessel, Friedrich Wilhelm (1784-1846) 30 Big Bang Cosmology 31 Big Chill/Big Crunch 42 Big Squeeze 42 Blue Shift 42 Bolometric Magnitude 42 Brahe, Tycho (1546-1601) 42 Brahe's Cosmology 46 Buridan, Jean (1295-1358) 48 C-Field 51 Callippus (b. ca. 370 B.C.) 51 Campbell, Wm. Wallace (1862-1938) 52 Cave Dweller Cosmology 53 Chalcidius 55 Chamberlin, Thomas C. (1843-1928) 56 Chamberlin-Moulton Hypothesis 56 Chaucer's Cosmology 58 Chinese Cosmology 63 Cold Dark Matter 70 Cold Dark Matter Model 70 Copernican Cosmology 71 Copernican Revolution 92 Copernicus, Nicolas (1473-1543) 99 Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation 100 Cosmic Mindstep 105 Cosmic Scale Factor 106 Cosmic Strings 106 Cosmogony 115 Cosmological Constant 115 Cosmology 116 Cosmology 1900-1931 116 Creation in Cosmology 126 Critical Energy Density 136 Curtis, Heber Doust 138 Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) 139 Dante's Moral Cosmology 140 Dark Matter 148 Deceleration of the Universe 158 Decoupling Time 159 Descartes, Rene (1596-1650) 160 Descartes's Mechanical Cosmology 164 Digges, Thomas (1546-1595) 176 Dirac, Paul Andrien Maurice (1902-1984) 177 Dirac's Cosmology 177 Distance Modulus 179 Doppler, Christian (1803-1853) 179 Doppler Shift 180 Dreyer, Johann Louis Emil (1852-1926) 180 Early Greek Cosmology 183 Eddington, Arthur Stanley (1882-1944) 188 Egyptian Cosmology 189 Einstein, Albert (1879-1955) 194 Empedocles (ca. 492-432 B.C.) 195 Empyrean Orb 196 Eternal Universe 196 Eodoxus (ca. 400-347 B.C.) 197 Eudoxus's Cosmology 198 Evolution of a Newtonian Universe 201 Exponential Expansion in an Inflationary Universe 204 False Vacuum 205 Fath, Edward A. (1880-1959) 206 Fireworks Theory of Cosmic Evolution 208 Flatness Problem 208 Fontenelle, Bernard de Bovier(1657-1757) 212 Formation of Galaxies 212 Fraunhofer, Joseph von (1787-1826) 217 Fundamental Cosmological Parameters 218 Galilei, Galileo (1564-1642) 245 Galileo and the Inquisition 248 Galileo's Cosmology 252 General Catalogue 254 Grand Unified Theories 254 Great Attractor 260 Great Debate 260 Great Wall 262 Greek Cosmology 263 Heavens 267 Henderson, Thomas (1798-1878) 268 Heraclitus (fl. ca. 500 B.C.) 268 Herschel, F. William (1738-1822) 268 Herschel, John F.W. (1792-1871) 269 Herschel's (W.) Cosmology 273 Hertzsprung, Ejnar (1873-1967) 277 Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram 278 Hexameral Treatises 280 Hipparchus (2nd century B.C.) 281 Horizon Distance 281 Horizon Problem 281 Hot Dark Matter 283 Hot Dark Matter Model 283 Hoyle-Narlikar Theory 283 Hubble, Edwin P. (1889-1953) 283 Hubble Constant 284 Hubble Diagram 284 Hubble Time 285 Hubble's Cosmology 285 Hubble's Law 296 Huggins, Sir William (1824-1910) 296 Humason, Milton (1891-1972) 297 Ibn al-'Arabi (1165-1240) 299 Index Catalogues 301 Inflationary Universe 301 International System 322 Islamic Cosmology 322 Jeans, James Hopwood (1877-1946) 331 K-effect 333 Kant, Immanuel (1724-1804) 334 Kant's Cosmology 335 Keeler, James Edward (1857-1900) 343 Kepler, Johannes (1571-1630) 345 Kepler's Cosmology 346 Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert (1824-1887) 353 Laplace, Pierre-Simon, Marquis de (1749-1827)355 Large-Number Hypothesis 355 Large-Scale Structure and Galaxy Formation 356 Lemaitre, Georges (1894-1966) 365 Light-Year 366 Lombard, Peter (died ca. 1160) 366 Magnitude System 367 Martianus Capella (ca. 365-400) 369 Mayer-Teller Theory 369 Medieval Cosmology 370 Megalithic Cosmology 380 Mesopotamian Accounts of Creation 387 Messier, Charles (1730-1817) 408 Messier Catalogue 409 Milne, Edward Arthur (1896-1950) 409 Milne's Cosmology 410 Minkowski, Rudolph L. (1895-1976) 416 Moulton, Forest Ray (1872-1952) 417 Multiple Universes 417 Native American Cosmologies 427 Nebular Hypothesis 436 Neutralinos 437 New General Catalogue 437 Newton, Isaac (1642-1727) 437 Newtonian Cosmology 438 Nineteenth-Century Cosmology and Reflecting Telescopes 444 North Polar Sequence 450 Oresme, Nicole (1320-1382) 451 Origins of Primordial Nucleosynthesis and Prediction of Cosmic Background Radiation453 Origins of Steady State Theory 475 Parallax 479 Parmenides (ca. 515-450 B.C.) 479 Parsons, Wm, Third Earl of Rosse (1800-1867)479 Perfect Cosmological Principle 480 Philosophical Aspects of the Origin of Modern Cosmology 481 Phoenix Universe 495 Photographic Magnitude 495 Photovisual Magnitude 495 Plato (428/427-348/347 B.C.) 495 Plato's Cosmology 499 Plurality of Worlds 502 Primeval Atom Hypothesis 512 Proper Motion 513 Ptolemaic Planetary Theory 513 Ptolemy (2nd century A.D.) 526 Ptolemy's Cosmology 528 Pythagoras (ca. 560-480 B.C.) 544 Quantum Cosmology and the Creation of the Universe 547 Quasars and Cosmology 558 Radius of Curvature of the Universe 565 Redshift 565 References 565 Relativistic Cosmology 566 Religion and Cosmology 579 Robertson-Walker Metric 595 Robinson, Thomas Romney (1793-1882) 595 Romantic Cosmology 596 Sakharov, Andrei Dmitrievich (1921-1989) 605 Scheiner, Julius (1858-1913) 608 Secular Parallax 609 Seeds 609 Seneca, Lucius Annaeus (ca. 4 B.C.-A.D. 65) 609 Sentences 609 Slipher, Vesto Melvin (1875-1969) 609 Smoothness Problem 610 Spectroscopic Parallax 612 Spectroscopy and Cosmology 613 Spectrum 625 Speed of Light 626 Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking 626 Statisticial Parallax 628 Steady State Theory 629 Stebbins-Whitford Effect 636 Stellar Parallax 636 Struve, Friedrich Georg Wilhelm 639 Systematic Constitution 640 Thales (625?-547 B.C.) 641 Theon of Smyrna (early 2nd century A.D.) 642 Timaeus 643 Topological Defects 643 Trigonometric Parallax 643 Tully-Fisher Relation 643 U B V System 645 Universe 645 Van Maanen, Adriaan (1884-1946) 645 Van Maanen's Internal Motions in Spiral Nebulae 646 Vogel, Hermann Carl (1841-1907) 656 Weakily Interacting Massive Particles 659 Wilkins, John (1614-1672) 659 Wirtz, Carl Wilhelm (1876-1939) 660 Xenophanes (ca. 575-478 B.C.) 661 YLEM 661 Zwicky, Fritz (1898-1974) 661 J. 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