1. Stott Biography of alicia boole Stott (18601940) alicia boole experimented withthe cubes and soon developed an amazing feel for four dimensional geometry. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Stott.html

Alicia Boole Stott Born: 8 June 1860 in Cork, Ireland Died: 17 Dec 1940 in England Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Alicia Boole was the third daughter of George Boole George Boole died when Alicia was only four years old and she was was brought up partly in England by her grandmother, partly in Cork by her great-uncle. When she was twelve years old she went to London where she joined her mother and sisters. With no formal education she suprised everyone when, at the age of eighteen, she was introduced to a set of little wooden cubes by her brother-in-law Charles Howard Hinton. Alicia Boole experimented with the cubes and soon developed an amazing feel for four dimensional geometry. She introduced the word 'polytope' to describe a four dimensional convex solid. MacHale, in [3], writes:- She found that there were exactly six regular polytopes on four dimensions and that they are bounded by or tetrahedra

2. Search Results For Boole George boole died when alicia was only four years old and she was was alicia boole experimented with the cubes and soon developed an amazing feel for http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Search/historysearch.cgi?SUGGESTION=

3. About Alicia Stott alicia boole Stott s father was the mathematician George boole (for whom booleanlogic is named). He was teaching in Ireland when alicia was born there, http://womenshistory.about.com/library/bio/blbio_alicia_stott.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Women's History Homework Help ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Women's History newsletter! See Online Courses Search Women's History Alicia Stott June 8 , 1860 - December 17, 1940) mathematician Alicia Boole Stott's father was the mathematician George Boole (for whom Boolean logic is named). He was teaching in Ireland when Alicia was born there, in 1860, and he died four years later. Alicia lived with her grandmother in England and her great-uncle in Cork for the next ten years before she rejoined her mother and sisters in London. In her teens, Alicia Stott became interested in four-dimensional hypercubes, or tesseracts. She became secretary to John Falk, an associate of her brother-in-law, Howard Hinton, who had introduced her to tesseracts. Alicia Stott continued building models of wood to represent four-dimensional convex solids, which she named polytopes, and published an article on three-dimenstional sections of hypersolids in 1900. She married Walter Stott, an actuary. They had two children, and Alicia Stott settled into the role of homemaker until her husband noted that her mathematical interests might also be of interest to the mathematician Pieter Hendrik Schoute at the University of Groningen. After the Stotts wrote to Schoute, and Schoute saw photographs of some models that Alicia Stott had built, Schoute moved to England to work with her.

4. Biographies Of Notable British Women alicia boole Stott • Maud O Farrell Swartz • (Florence) Madge Syers. T • IdaTarbell • Margaret Thatcher • Jayne Torvill • Sophie Tucker • Margaret Tudor http://womenshistory.about.com/library/bio/blbio_list_british.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Women's History Women's History by Place ... British Women Biographies of Notable British Women Homework Help Women's History Essentials Biographies of Notable Women ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Women's History newsletter! See Online Courses Search Women's History Biographies of British Women An index to biographies of notable women in English, Irish, Welsh, Scottish and British history, found on this site Biographies on this Site A-Z List - ALL By topic: U.S. History Black History Ancient and Classical Medieval, Renaissance ... More Biographies Search on this site You'll find information throughout this site on hundreds of other notable women. Try exploring the multi-level categories starting from the list at the left of each page on this site, the search at the top of this page, or use the

5. No. 880: Alicia Boole Stott Alice boole Stott explores hyperspace on a kitchen table. http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi880.htm

No. 880: ALICIA BOOLE STOTT by John H. Lienhard Click here for audio of Episode 880. Today, we enter hyperspace on a kitchen table. The University of Houston's College of Engineering presents this series about the machines that make our civilization run, and the people whose ingenuity created them. Y our computer depends on Boolean logic. That's kin to the arithmetic that admits only two numbers: and 1. Binary arithmetic doesn't go 1, 2, 3, 4. It goes 0, 1, 10, 11. The English mathematician George Boole built his logic on that arithmetic. But we're interested in Boole's daughter, Alice Boole Stott. George Boole took a professorship at Queen's College, Cork, in 1849. Alice was born there in 1860. When she was four, George died of the fever and left the family with very limited means. For the next 14 years, Alice lived in bad conditions in Ireland and England. She was educated only up to the age of 16. Then a piece of serendipity: In 1878 a family friend brought in a set of wooden blocks and talked with Alice about tesseracts.

6. The Engines Of Our Ingenuity Episodes 850 To 899 880 alicia boole Stott No. 879 Babbage and Tennyson No. 878 Educated Pigs No. 877 Of Mentors and Servants No. 876 A Moving Shrine No. http://www.uh.edu/engines/850-99.htm

Episodes 850 to 899 No. 899: Linger a While . . . No. 898: Edible Knowledge No. 897: Wright of Derby No. 896: Double-oh-seven ... Engines Home

7. Alicia Boole Stott alicia boole Stott. June 8, 1860 December 17, 1940 Coxeter, HSM aliciaboole Stott, in Women of Mathematics A Biobibliographic Sourcebook, http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/stott.htm

Alicia Boole Stott June 8, 1860 - December 17, 1940 The third of the five daughters of Mary Everest Boole . Despite having no formal education in mathematics, she still possessed a great power of geometric visualization in hyperspace. From the age of seventeen until her death, she remained interested in regular and semi-regular four-dimensional polytopes and made several important discoveries in this area. The University of Groningen conferred upon her an honorary degree and exhibited her geometric models. References Coxeter, H.S.M. "Alicia Boole Stott," in Women of Mathematics: A Biobibliographic Sourcebook, Louise Grinstein and Paul Campbell, Editors, Greenwood Press, 1987. Desmond MacHale. George Boole: His Life and Work, Boole Press, 1985. Biography at the MacTutor History of Mathematics web site, http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk:80/~history/Mathematicians/Stott.html. Biographies of Women Mathematicians Web Site Agnes Scott College , Atlanta, GA Larry Riddle , Department of Mathematics

8. Photo Credits The photos of Mary Everest boole and alicia boole Stott are from the book Georgeboole by Desmond MacHale and are used with permission of the publisher, http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/credits.htm

Biographies of Women Mathematicians , Agnes Scott College] Search Photo Credits The photos of the following women are used with permission of the MAA Committee on Participation of Women and are taken from Winning Women Into Mathematics , published by the Mathematical Association of America, 1991. Charlotte Angas Scott, Evelyn Boyd Granville, Marjorie Lee Brown, Gloria Hewitt, Etta Falconer, Gloria Gilmer, Dorothy Bernstein, Alice Schafer, Julia Robinson, Doris Schattschneider, Cathleen Morawetz, Vivienne Malone Mayes. The photos of the following women are used with permission of the Association for Women in Mathematics and are taken from Profiles of Women in Mathematics-The Emmy Noether Lectures , published by the AWM. Lesley Sibner, Linda Keen, Bhama Srinivasan, Mary Wheeler, Karen Unlenbeck, Joan Birman, Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, Mary Ellen Rudin, Cathleen Morawetz, Olga Taussky-Todd, F. Jessie MacWilliams, Olga Oleinik, Jane Cronin Scanlon. The color picture of Olga Oleinik was provided by Colette Cuillope. The picture was taken by Frederic B. Weissler in Visegrad in 1988. The photo of Grace Hopper was downloaded with permission from the NSF SUCCEED Engineering Visual Database at Virginia Tech.

9. Boole (Stott), Alicia (1860-1940) boole (Stott), alicia (18601940). The third daughter of George boole and animportant mathematician in her own right. At the age of 18, she was introduced http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/B/Boole_Alicia.html

Return to The Worlds of David Darling INDEX LATEST NEWS ARCHIVE ... Z entire Web this site Boole (Stott), Alicia (1860-1940) The third daughter of George Boole and an important mathematician in her own right. At the age of 18, she was introduced to a set of wooden cubes devised by her brother-in-law Charles Hinton as an aid to visualization of the fourth dimension . Despite having had no formal education, she surprised everyone by becoming adept with the cubes and developing an amazing feel for four-dimensional geometry. She introduced the word " polytope " to describe a four-dimensional convex solid, and went on to explore the properties of the six regular polytopes and to make 12 beautiful card models of their three-dimensional central cross-sections. She sent photographs of these models to the Dutch mathematician Pieter Schoute (1846-1923), who had done similar work and with whom she subsequently published two papers. The models themselves are now housed in the Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics at Cambridge University. BACK TO TOP var site="s13space1234"

10. Boole, George (1815-1864) that remedy should resemble cause, put boole to bed and threw buckets of waterover him. He expired shortly after. See also boole (Stott), alicia. http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/B/Boole_George.html

Return to The Worlds of David Darling INDEX LATEST NEWS ARCHIVE ... Z entire Web this site Boole, George (1815-1864) An English mathematician and philosopher who is regarded as one of the founders of computer science. His great contribution was to approach logic in a new way, reducing it to a simple algebra and thus incorporating logic into mathematics. He pointed out the analogy between algebraic symbols and those that represent logical forms; his algebra of logic became known as Boolean algebra and is now used in designing computers and analyzing logic circuits. Although he never studied for a degree, Boole was appointed to the chair of mathematics at Queens College, Cork, Ireland, in 1849. One day in 1864 he walked the two miles from his home to the College in pouring rain and then lectured in wet clothes. A fever followed but whether this alone would have caused his demise is unknown. Certainly his condition wasn't helped by his wife, Mary (a niece of Sir George Everest, after whom the mountain is named), who, following the principle that remedy should resemble cause, put Boole to bed and threw buckets of water over him. He expired shortly after. See also Boole (Stott), Alicia

11. Boole, George - A Whatis.com Definition - See Also: George Boole George and Mary had five daughters; the third daughter, alicia boole Stott, Mary Everest boole saw herself as a mathematical psychologist . http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci525743,00.html

Search our IT-specific encyclopedia for: or jump to a topic: Choose a topic... CIO CRM Data Center Domino Enterprise Linux Enterprise Voice Exchange IBM S/390 IBM AS/400 Mobile Computing Networking Oracle SAP Security Small Medium Business SQL Server Storage Visual Basic Web Services Windows 2000 Windows Security Windows Systems Advanced Search Browse alphabetically: A B C D ... General Computing Terms George Boole George Boole (1815-1864) was a British mathematician and is known as the founder of mathematical logic. Boole, who came from a poor family and was essentially a self-taught mathematician, made his presence known in the world of mathematics in 1847 after the publication of his book, "The Mathematical Analysis of Logic". In his book, Boole successfully demonstrated that logic, as Aristotle taught it, could be represented by algebraic equations. In 1854, Boole firmly established his reputation by publishing "An Investigation of the Laws of Thought, on Which Are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities", a continuation of his earlier work. In 1855 Boole, the first professor of mathematics at The College of Cork, Ireland, married Mary Everest, who is now known as a mathematician and teacher in her own right. Mary, who was 18 years younger than Boole, served as sounding-board and editor for her husband throughout their nine years of marriage. Unfortunately, Mary's poor choice of medical treatment may have hastened Boole's death. After getting caught in the rain and catching a cold, Boole was put to bed by his wife, who dumped buckets of water on him based on the theory that whatever had caused the illness would also provide the cure. (It seemed logical to her.) George and Mary had five daughters; the third daughter, Alicia Boole Stott, became well-known for her work in the visualization of geometric figures in hyperspace.

12. Boole, George --  Encyclopædia Britannica alicia boole Stott University of St Andrews, Scotland Biography of this Britishmathematician and daughter of George boole. Includes information on her http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9080664

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Additional Reading Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Boole, George  Encyclopædia Britannica Article Page 1 of 2 George Boole born November 2, 1815, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England died December 8, 1864, Ballintemple, County Cork, Ireland George Boole, engraving. English mathematician who helped establish modern symbolic logic and whose algebra of logic, now called Boolean algebra , is basic to the design of digital computer circuits. Boole, George...

13. GEMS - Faculty Presentations - Karen Michalowicz MacHale, D., George boole His Life and Work, Dublin boole Press, 1985. Containsinformation about Mary Everest boole and alicia boole. http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/math/gender/03d-michalowicz.html

Gender Equity for Mathematics and Science Notes on Invited Faculty presentations Karen Michalowicz Women in Science and Mathematics Who were the educated women throughout history? Changes in attitudes towards math and science learning - Why? Women in science and mathematics biographical sketches In the past most women were not educated (learning to sew, music, dance, cook = woman's education). Ancient Greeks and many who followed did not think most women had the level of intelligence for academic discussion. There were a few women allowed - not wives! Many went into the convent in order to become "academics." (Monks' libraries were available to them.) Classical (Latin, Greek, the "great works") education was the upper class education. Math was "degrading"; it soiled you. Math was for merchants. Common denominators for women who were successful in science was: Courage (and, of course, intelligence). Family support. Often a father or male (family member) who encouraged. Sophia Germain - lived during the French Revolution. Was forced to stay at home - used her father's library for study - at 13 taught herself differential calculus. Could not study in French universities so used a pen name, M. LeBlanc. Impressed Gauss.

14. Polytope -- From MathWorld The word polytope was introduced by alicia boole, the somewhat colorful daughterof logician George boole Eric Weisstein s World of Biography (MacHale http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Polytope.html

INDEX Algebra Applied Mathematics Calculus and Analysis Discrete Mathematics ... Alphabetical Index DESTINATIONS About MathWorld About the Author Headline News ... Random Entry CONTACT Contribute an Entry Send a Message to the Team MATHWORLD - IN PRINT Order book from Amazon Geometry Multidimensional Geometry Polytopes Polytope The word polytope is used to mean a number of related, but slightly different mathematical objects. A convex polytope may be defined as the convex hull of a finite set of points (which are always bounded), or as a bounded intersection of a finite set of half-spaces. Coxeter (1973, p. 118) defines polytope as the general term of the sequence " point line segment polygon polyhedron , ...," or more specifically as a finite region of -dimensional space enclosed by a finite number of hyperplanes. The special name polychoron is sometimes given to a four-dimensional polytope. However, in algebraic topology , the underlying space of a simplicial complex is sometimes called a polytope (Munkres 1993, p. 8). The word "polytope" was introduced by Alicia Boole, the somewhat colorful daughter of logician George Boole (MacHale 1985).

15. Polytopes Her name was alicia boole Stott. While geometers in the great universities, acentury past, were laboring upon the broad outlines of things polytopical, http://home.inreach.com/rtowle/Polytopes/polytope.html

Polygons, Polyhedra, Polytopes Polytope is the general term of the sequence, point, segment, polygon, polyhedron, ... So we learn in H.S.M. Coxeter 's wonderful Regular Polytopes (Dover, 1973). When time permits, I may try to provide a systematic approach to higher space. Dimensional analogy is an important tool, when grappling the mysteries of hypercubes and their ilk. But let's start at the beginning, and to simplify matters, and also bring the focus to bear upon the most interesting ramifications of the subject, let us concern ourselves mostly with regular polytopes. You may wish to explore my links to some rather interesting and wonderful polyhedra and polytopes sites, at the bottom of this page. Check out an animated GIF (108K) of an unusual rhombic spirallohedron. Yes, we shall be speaking of the fourth dimension, and, well, the 17th dimension, or for that matter, the millionth dimension. We refer to Euclidean spaces, which are flat, not curved, although such a space may contain curved objects (like circles, spheres, or hyperspheres, which are not polytopes). We are free to adopt various schemes to coordinatize such a space, so that we can specify any point within the space; but let us rely upon Cartesian coordinates, in which a point in an n -space is defined by an n -tuplet of real numbers. These real numbers specify distances from the origins along

16. Hands-On Math Modules booleCards.pdf This file includes two boole curvesewing cards that can be a picture of alicia boole Stott, and a biography about alicia boole Stott. http://amanda.serenevy.net/GirlScouts/

17. Regular Convex Polytopes A Short Historical Overview, Regular Polytopes And N-di Although independently English recreational mathematician alicia boole Stott Although many polytopes had originally been discovered by alicia boole http://presh.com/hovinga/regularandsemiregularconvexpolytopesashorthistoricalove

Regular and semi-regular convex polytopes a short historical overview: Dating back from about 500 BC and most likely much earlier a lot of research on the properties of regular polytopes has been carried out. For those who are unfamiliar with this topic an outline of major discoveries is given below in chronological order: Phytagoras born about 569 BC in Samos, Ionia Greece, died about 475 BC. Although early findings acknowledged by mathematicians and historians date back before the time of Phytagoras like the Babylonians who were aquainted with the famous Pythagoras's theorem c^2=a^2+b^2 as early as 3750 BC, this was not discoverd until 1962. Some of the first basic geometric theorems are credited to Phytagoras. Phytagoras is often called the first pure mathematician; he founded a school "the semicircle" and many pupils elaborated on his findings and thoughts. Besides his famous theorem some basic polygon theorems are credited to Phytagoras and his pupils: A polygon with n sides has sum of interior angles 2*n - 4 right angles (90 degrees) and sum of exterior angles equal to four right angles (360 degrees). This was later described in more detail by Euclid.

18. SVSU In the 1930’s, now over 70, alicia boole Stott worked on geometric problems ofarranging No.880 alicia boole Stott. Engines of Our Ingenuity. 2000. http://www.svsu.edu/writingprogram/femmes/braun-rick-01.htm

Femmes des Maths Issue 8, Volume 1 20 August 2000 Hypatia- Math Martyr TheanoMore Than Pythagoras' Wife The First Female Ph.D Profile: Sophie Germain ... What's Happening NOW in the Math World... Hypatia - Math Martyr Top There is little information on Hypatia, but what is known of this ancient mathematician certainly indicates that she was greatly regarded as a teacher and a scholar. The oldest accounts of Hypatia are in the Suda , a 10th-century encyclopedia alphabetically arranged and drawing on earlier sources. Other facts also come from the writings of the early Christian church, preserved letters from one of her pupils, Synesius, and the Latin compilation known as the Patrologiae Graecae Hypatia, born around 370 A.D., was the daughter of Theon, who was considered one of the most educated mathematicians and philosophers in Alexandria, Egypt. Theon, a well-known scholar and mathematics professor at the University of Alexandria, surrounded Hypatia with an environment of knowledge. It is said that Theon disciplined Hypatia not only in her education, but with a "physical routine that ensured a healthy body as well as a highly-functional mind" (3). There is evidence that Hypatia was regarded as physically beautiful and wore distinctive academic apparel.

19. Polytope: Information From Answers.com The term was coined by alicia boole, the daughter of logician George boole.The Platonic solids, or regular polytopes in three dimensions, http://www.answers.com/topic/convex-polytope

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Wikipedia Best of Web Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping polytope Wikipedia @import url(http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/css/common.css); @import url(http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/css/gnwp.css); polytope In geometry polytope means, first, the generalization to any dimension of polygon in two dimensions, and polyhedron in three dimensions. Beyond that, the term is used for a variety of related mathematical concepts. This is analogous to the way the term square may be used to refer to a square-shaped region of the plane, or just to its boundary, or even to a mere list of its vertices and edges along with some information about the way they are connected. The term was coined by Alicia Boole , the daughter of logician George Boole The Platonic solids , or regular polytopes in three dimensions, were a major focus of study of ancient Greek mathematicians (most notably Euclid's Elements ), probably because of their intrinsic aesthetic qualities. In modern times, polytopes and related concepts have found important applications in

20. Here Are The Names Currently [April 1999] In The Index At Http Enrico Bondi, Hermann Bondon, Pascal Bonen, Zeev Bono, Peter Bóo, Montse Book,Ronald V. boole, alicia boole, George Borchardt, Carl Wilhelm Borchardt, http://www.math.niu.edu/~rusin/known-math/99/photos

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