41. Jewish History 10601136 abraham bar hiyya (Spain). Spanish philosopher, mathematician, andscientist. Although he wrote in Hebrew (rather than in the common Arabic) many http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/1000.htm

1002-1070 ISAAC BEN ELIEZER HALEVI (Worms, Germany) Rabbi, teacher, liturgist - a student of Eliezer ben Isaac. After the death of Jacob ben Yakar Rashi joined his school. 1007 ROME (Italy) The Talmudic Academy was founded under Jacob Gaon and the three leaders of the community: Moses Ha Nasi, Abraham, and Shabbtai. Jacob Gaon was succeeded by Rabbi Jechiel and then by his son R' Nathan (see 1035) author of the Aruch. R' Nathan traced his family back to the scholars who were brought to Rome by Titus in 73 CE. 1008 CALIPH HAKIM (Egypt) The sixth Fatimid caliph began his rule. He pressured all non-Moslems, especially Christians, to convert. He is said to have forced Jews to wear a small "golden calf" around their necks. Al-Hakim proclaimed himself God's incarnation, disappeared, and was probably killed during a revolt. His confessor Darazi fled to the Syrian mountains where he proclaimed a new religion - the Druse (Druze). According to the Druze religion there have been ten incarnations of God with Al-Hakim being the last - and they await his second coming. 1010 JERUSALEM (Eretz Israel) Caliph Hakim of Egypt destroyed the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. The French Christian "Historian" Raoul Glaber (who had previously recorded that the Jews were the "Habitual ally of the Devil") claimed that the Jews were responsible for this. As a result, Jews were expelled from Limoges and other French towns.

42. Jewish History 1129 abraham bar hiyya (d.1136) (Spain). Philosopher, mathematician and astronomer.Published Meggilat HaMegaleh (Scroll of the Revealer) in which he http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/1100.htm

1100 July 25, HAIFA (Eretz Israel) Jewish residents joined with the Fatimids of Egypt in defending the city. Tancred, who unsuccessfully attacked Haifa, was reprimanded for his lack of success and told that he made "a mockery of the God of the Christians." Once the city fell, the remaining Jews were massacred by the crusading forces. 1100-1328 AGE OF THE TOSAFISTS (France) The name given to the descendants of Rashi . They added to, and reconciled his works with seeming contradictions in the Talmud , using many cross references to similar topics in other sections of the Talmud. Various schools studied and compiled these works. Each work was named after the school in which it was compiled, e.g. Tosafot Averu for the school of Moses of Evereux, etc. 1100-1135 REIGN OF HENRY I (England) Henry I granted a charter to Jews which allowed freer settlement, seeing it as a way to increase revenues. 1100-1171 (4 Tamuz 4931) JACOB BEN MEIR (France) Rabbenu Tam (Rameru, France). Youngest and most famous of the three grandsons of Rashi , and the most renowned of the Tosafists . He also studied Hebrew verse, wrote liturgical prayers and exchanged poems with Ibn Ezra. He convened a council of sages in which 150 Rabbis participated. The council was held in the shadow of the

43. Arzobispo Raimundo De Toledo Escuela De Traductores [1130-1187] He was assisted by abraham bar hiyya (or Chijja). Translated either from 11161138or 1134-45. Interested in Astrology. Contemporary of Juan Hispano. http://faculty.washington.edu/petersen/alfonso/esctra12.htm

Arzobispo Raimundo de Toledo Escuela de Traductores [1130-1187] The three greatest translators whose activities are supported by Raimundo: Iohannes Avendehut Hispanus . Hispanic Jew, translator and compiler-author ( also called Iohannes Hyspalensis, Johannes Hispanicus, Johannes Toletanus, Avendeuth, Juan Hispano . With Juan Hispano and their patron, the Archbishop, he is one of the founders of the Toledan School. His activity extends from 1130 to 1180. Unlike his friend, he limits he focusses exclusively on philosophy, translating Greek and Arabic works and the commentaries of the earlier Moslem thinkers in the peninsula. Less faithful to the original texts, he frequently eliminated passages and added his own commentary. Gundisalvo depended on Juan Hispano for the translations from Arabic until late in his career when he controlled Arabic sufficiently to translate for himself (ex. Avicenas Metaphysics Al-sifa ). As an author he, but not his Jewish co-worker, avoided neoplatonism and even attacked it. Gherardus Cremonensis According to his disciples, he came to Toledo en 1167 in search of Ptolemy's

44. Digital Scriptorium: Author List abraham Abulafia. abraham bar hiyya haNasi. abraham ibn Ezra. Abu-I-Hasanal-Mukhtar ibn al-Hasan ibn Abdun ibn Sa dun ibn Butlan (ibn Butlan) http://dpg.lib.berkeley.edu/webdb/scriptorium/misc/author

Digital Scriptorium: Author List (alphabetical order) Terms listed here are not directly linked to the database; please retype or copy and paste them from here into the search form. Close Window Next Page A Minister of the Church of England Abbot Ruotbertus Abraham Abulafia Abraham bar Hiyya ha-Nasi Abraham ibn Ezra Abu-I-Hasan al-Mukhtar ibn al-Hasan ibn Abdun ibn Sa'dun ibn Butlan (ibn Butlan) Aegidius Columna (Aegidius Romanus) Aegidius of Paris (Aegidius Parisiensis) Aegidius Romanus Aelred of Rievaulx Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini (Pius II) Aesop Agostino Dati Ahmad ibn Muhammad Rasis Albert of Saxony Albertino Mussato Albertus de Gandino Albertus de Saxonia (Albert of Halberstadt) Albertus Magnus Albertus Magnus ? Hugh of Strassburg ? Albohazen Haly, son of Abenragel Alcuin Aldobrandino da Siena Alessandro de Ritiis; Buccio di Ranallo; Niccolo Cieco d'Arezzo; Antonio Pucci; Giorgio da Sommariva Alexander Boswell Alexander de Villa Dei Alexander Nequam Alexander of Hales Alfonso X of Castile Alfonso X, the Learned, King of Castile and León Alfraganus al-Khwarizmi Alkindi Alonso Gallego Alphonsus of Burgos Ambrose 'Amr Andrea Alciati Andrea Lanfreducci Andreas Coquus Andreas de Escobar Andreas de Isernia Androinus de Rocha, titular cardinal of St. Marcellus

45. Books In The Category : Judaism - Judaica, Books In The Category : Judaism - Jud bar hiyya, abraham, 1971, The Bialik Institute (Mosad Bialik), $12.00, Click toBuy Meditations of the Siddur, Jacobson, BS http://www.bookgallery.co.il/content/english/static/bookcat2_19.asp

Main Humanities World Religions Judaism - Judaica Judaism - Judaica Subcategories : Anthologies - Judaica Jewish Travellers Jewish Philosophy Passover Haggadas ... Synagogues Books in the category : ( page 19 of 31 Title Author Pub. year Pub. name Price Order Madonna or Courtesan? Bitton-Jackson, Livia The Seabury Press Click to Buy Sandor, Scheiber (ed.) Click to Buy Sandor, Scheiber (ed.) Click to Buy Maimonides y su mundo Asociacion B`nai B`rith de Espana Click to Buy Manual Encyclopedico Judio Link, Pablo Editorial Israel Click to Buy Marranes Brenner F and Yerushalmi Y La Difference Click to Buy Marriage and the Jewish Tradition Brav, Stanley R. Philosophical Library Click to Buy Marriage made in Heaven Drazin, Nathan Abelard-Schuman Click to Buy Mas Alla del Versiculo Eliyahu, Birnbaum JA Click to Buy Medical Guide according to Jewish T ... Wislicki, Leo (ed.) Institute for Medicine and Judaism Click to Buy Meditation and the Bible Kaplan, Aryeh Samuel Weiser, Inc. York Beach, Maine Click to Buy Meditation on the sad soul - Edited ... Bar Hiyya, Abraham The Bialik Institute (Mosad Bialik) Click to Buy Meditations of the Siddur Jacobson, B.S.

46. Meditation On The Sad Soul - Edited With Introduction By Geoffrey Wigoder / Bar Book Meditation on the sad soul Edited with introduction by Geoffrey Wigoder /bar hiyya, abraham. http://www.bookgallery.co.il/content/english/static/book4278.asp

Click here to buy the book Ask The Book Gallery Meditation on the sad soul - Edited with introduction by Geoffrey Wigoder Author Bar Hiyya, Abraham Edition Publication Name The Bialik Institute (Mosad Bialik) Year Language Hebrew Description Price Cat. Number Click here to buy the book Ask The Book Gallery Other books in the subject: Judaism Homepage About us Mailing List ... Contact Us 6 Shatz St. (26 King George st. corner) Jerusalem 94267

47. Arabian Astronomy 1040), Arzachel (AlZarqali, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Yahya) (1028-1087), Khayyáam,Omar (1048-1122), abraham bar hiyya Ha-nasi (c. 1065-c. http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/Arabian_astronomy.html

Return to The Worlds of David Darling INDEX LATEST NEWS ARCHIVE ... Z entire Web this site Arabian astronomy Following Ptolemy Greek astronomy rapidly declined and ended with the Arabian conquest of Alexandria in A.D. 641. Although the magnificent library and museum were destroyed, the Arabs encouraged learning and for the next 800 years developed an important astronomical tradition of their own. Observatories were established at a number of cities including Damascus, Cairo, Baghdad, and Meragha. One of the greatest stimuli to Arabian astronomy was the need to calculate and maintain the Islamic calendar , which demanded new mathematical methods and more precise timekeeping. Among the greatest of Arabic astronomers were Al-Farghani (?-c. 861), Albategnius (Al-Battani, Muhammad ibn Jabir) (c. 850-929), Al-Sufi , Abd al-Rahman (903-986), Abu’l-Wafa’, Mohammed Al-Buzjani (940-998), Al-Quhi, Abu Sahl Wayjan ibn Rustam (c. 940-c. 1000), Alhazen (Abu Ali al Hassan ibn al Haitham) (c. 965-c. 1040)

48. Quadratic Equation -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article (Click link for more info and facts about abraham bar hiyya HaNasi) abraham barhiyya Ha-Nasi (also known by the (Any dialect of the language of ancient http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/q/qu/quadratic_equation.htm

Quadratic equation [Categories: Equations, Elementary algebra] In (A science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement) mathematics , a quadratic equation is a (A mathematical expression that is the sum of a number of terms) polynomial (A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal) equation of the second (A specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process) degree . The generalized form is The numbers a b and c are called coefficients a is the coefficient of x b is the coefficient of x , and c is the free term or constant. A quadratic equation with (An old small silver Spanish coin) real or ((psychoanalysis) a combination of emotions and impulses that have been rejected from awareness but still influence a person's behavior) complex coefficients has two complex roots (i.e., solutions for x when y = 0) usually denoted as and , although the two roots may be equal. These roots can be computed using the quadratic formula Higher-degree equations may be quadratic in form , such as: Note that the highest exponent is twice the value of the exponent of the middle term. This equation may be resolved directly or with a simple substitution, using the methods that are available for the quadratic, such as factoring (also called factorising), the quadratic formula, or completing the square.

49. Talmud Page 204-208 on the 16th of Av, or 30th of August, the Christians recaptured Jerusalem,during the days of R. abraham bar hiyya of Spain.} http://www.israelshamir.net/talmud/204-208.shtml

50. Biografia De Hiyya, Abraham Bar Translate this page hiyya, abraham bar. Científico hebraicoespañol, activo en barcelona entre 1133y 1145. Elaboró diversos compendios científicos en hebreo, http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/h/hiyya.htm

Inicio Buscador Las figuras clave de la historia Reportajes Los protagonistas de la actualidad Hiyya, Abraham bar Científico hebraicoespañol, activo en Barcelona entre 1133 y 1145. Elaboró diversos compendios científicos en hebreo, a partir de fuentes árabes, y tradujo numerosas obras árabes y hebreas al latín. Entre sus principales trabajos destacan Fundamentos de la inteligencia y torre de la creencia La forma de la tierra , que constituye el primer tratado en hebreo sobre geografía astronómica, y Libro del cómputo del calendario Inicio Buscador Recomendar sitio

51. The Infancy Narratives In Matthew And Luke The Jewish writers abraham bar hiyya (about 1100 AD) and Isaac Abravanel (14371508)both believed that the triple conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn in http://elvis.rowan.edu/~kilroy/christia/old_library/infancy1.html

The Infancy Narratives in Matthew and Luke by James Kiefer PART ONE INTRODUCTION THE STAR AND THE MAGI THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM A COMET OR NOVA? Let us consider the opening of the second chapter of Matthew: + Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of + Herod the king, there came Magi from the East to Jerusalem + saying, "Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have + seen his star in the rising and have come to pay him homage." THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM A PLANETARY CONJUNCTION? AN ASTROLOGY LESSON JUPITER, SATURN, AND PISCES Matthew describes the wise men as seeing a star and deducing that it heralded the birth of a great king. Whatever else the wise men were, they were astrologers that is, they believed that the motions and appearances of the heavenly bodies foretold earthly events. Now a simple conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, such as happened every twenty years, would not seem especially significant, but a triple conjunction would receive more attention. What would astrologers of that time take it to mean? Jupiter was regarded as the royal planet, the sign of kings. Therefore the conjunction would have been taken to indicate a royal event, such as the birth of a king.

52. BBC - H2g2 - The History Behind The Quadratic Formula This particular derivation of the quadratic formula was brought to Europe byJewish mathematician/astronomer abraham bar hiyya (whose Latinised name is http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A2982567

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index Tuesday 30th August 2005 Text only Guide ID: A2982567 (Edited) Edited Guide Entry SEARCH h2g2 Advanced Search New visitors: Returning members: BBC Homepage The Guide to Life The Universe and Everything 3. Everything Mathematics Created: 13th October 2004 The History Behind The Quadratic Formula Front Page What is h2g2? Who's Online Write an Entry ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! This is the quadratic formula, as it is taught to most of us in school: x -b a a b ac gives the solution to a generic quadratic equation of the form: ax bx c The development, or derivation, of a mathematical idea is usually as logical, deducible and rectilinear as possible. This brings about the common notion that its historical development is similarly as continuous, logical and rectilinear: one mathematician picking up an idea where another mathematician left it. Using the quadratic formula as an example, it will be shown that the historical development of mathematics is not at all rectilinear. Instead, parallel developments, interconnections and confluences can be found, which - to complicate this stuff even further - are also interrelated with social, cultural, political and religious matters. The so-called quadratic formula has been derived in the course of a few millennia to its current form, which is taught to most of us in school. This Entry will strictly concentrate on the historical development of the quadratic formula. Some mathematical background may be of use to fully understand the described development, however the maths used in this Entry will be kept at a necessary minimum.

53. Encyclopedia Of The Middle Ages: Entries (A) abraham abraham bar hiyya (10651145) abraham Ibn Da ud (early 12th C - 1180)abraham Ibn Ezra (1089-1164/1165) abraham s Bosom Abravanel, Isaac (1437-1508) http://www.lutterworth.com/jamesclarke/jc/titles/ema_entries_a.htm

Home Catalogue Search How to Order ... Encyclopaedia of the Middle Ages By André Vauchez (editor) Full List of Entries Aachen Abbasids Abbess Abbey Abbo of Fleury (940-1004) Abbo of Saint-Germain (9th C) Abbot Abbreviator Abdisho of Nisibis (died 1318) Abduction Abelard, Peter (1079-1142) Aberdeen Abjuration Ablution Abraham Abraham bar Hiyya (1065-1145) Abraham Ibn Da'ud (early 12th C - 1180) Abraham Ibn Ezra (1089-1164/1165) Abraham's Bosom Abravanel, Isaac (1437-1508) Abruzzi Absolution Abstraction Acclamations Acolyte Acre Acrosticact and Potency Active Life, Contemplative Life Acts of Bishops Adalard of Corbie (751-826) Adalbero of Laon (950/957-1031) Adalbert of Prague (956-997) Adam and Eve Adam de la Halle Adam Marsh (De Marisco) Adam of Bremen (died 1081/1085) Adam of Petit Pont Adam of Wodeham (1298-1358) Adelard of Bath (1080-1160?) Adelhausen Adelphaton Adeodatus II, Pope (died 676) Adhemar of Chabannes (989-1034) Adhemar of Le Puy (1050-1098) Admont Ado of Vienne (died 875) Adomnán (624-704) Adoptianism Adoration Adrian I, Pope (died 795)

54. Sefardi Authors abraham bar hiyya Savasorda, ca. 1065ca. 1136. Alfonso, de Valladolid (SeeAbner, of Burgos, b. ca. 1270). barrios, Miguel de, 1635-1701, PQ6279.B35 http://www.lib.utexas.edu/subject/iberian/Sefarauthors.html

@import url("/utlol-2nd.css"); Skip to Content Home Sitemap Help SEARCH: choose an area to search Library Web Site Library Catalog How Do I...? Web About the Libraries Libraries, Centers, and Museums Hours Parking ... Research by Subject > Iberian Printed Sources Spanish literature Middle Ages Romanceros Renaissance 16th-17th centuries ... History: The Civil War Latin America Colonial literature 19th century 20th century Pathfinders (Spain) (Portugal) (Latin America) SOFIA Search Finding books Finding articles Digital Resources Databases Internet Journals Texts (Spanish) ... Museums Page Special projects: Sefarim Sephardi links Sephardi bibliography Contact: Hugo Chapa Sefardi authors Aaron, ha-Levi, of Barcelona, 13th/14th cent. Abravanel, Isaac, 1437-1508 Abarbanel, Jonah Abarbanel, Leon (see: Leon Hebreo) Abarbanel, Samuel Abbas, Judah ben Samuel, 13th cent. Abner, of Burgos, b. ca. 1270 Aboab, Isaac, 14th cent. Abraham bar Hiyya Savasorda, ca. 1065-ca. 1136 Alfonso, de Valladolid (See: Abner, of Burgos, b. ca. 1270) Barrios, Miguel de, 1635-1701

55. Sefarad Bibliography abraham bar hiyya Savasorda, ca. 1065ca. 1136. La obra enciclopédica yesodeha-tebuna u-migdal ha-emuna / de abraham bar hiyya ha-bargeloni ; edicioó http://www.lib.utexas.edu/subject/iberian/Sefarbiblio.html

@import url("/utlol-2nd.css"); Skip to Content Home Sitemap Help SEARCH: choose an area to search Library Web Site Library Catalog How Do I...? Web About the Libraries Libraries, Centers, and Museums Hours Parking ... Research by Subject > Iberian Printed Sources Spanish literature Middle Ages Romanceros Renaissance 16th-17th centuries ... History: The Civil War Latin America Colonial literature 19th century 20th century Pathfinders (Spain) (Portugal) (Latin America) SOFIA Search Finding books Finding articles Digital Resources Databases Internet Journals Texts (Spanish) ... Museums Page Special projects: Sefarim Sephardi links Sephardi bibliography Contact: Hugo Chapa Sefarad bibliography Anthologies Authors Background Bibliography ... Literature Anthologies Minkin, Jacob Samuel, 1885- Abarbanel and the expulsion of the Jews from Spain / [by] Jacob S. Minkin. New York : Behrman's Jewish Book House, 1938. 237 p. ; 22 cm. Bibliography: p. 221-226. Abravanel, Isaac, 1437-1508. JewsSpain. InquisitionSpain. JewsPersecutions.

56. MuslimHeritage.com - Topics It was also transmitted through the Hebrew treatise of abraham bar hiyya, itselftranslated into Latin by Plato of Tivoli.17 Plato s translation appeared http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?TaxonomyTypeID=12&TaxonomySubTy

57. The History Of The Targum Israel has, on the one hand, been chosen by the election of abraham; indeed, Talmud also mentions one Joseph bar hiyya, a Babylonian rabbi whose death http://inside.bard.edu/religion/facultyproj/temple/temple_isaiah/targum.htm

The History of the Targum The Targum of Isaiah is, on first acquaintance, simply the Aramaic translation of the biblical book. "Targum", indeed, is merely the Aramaic term for "translation", just as "meturgeman" is the word for someone who interprets or translates. As is commonly recognized, there is no such thing as an objective or neutral translation from one language into another: the translator always - and necessarily - conveys his own understanding of what he translates. The Targum of Isaiah conveys what the meturgeman took the book of Isaiah to mean. But the Targum is not only an interpreted version of Isaiah because it is a translation from Hebrew. The meturgeman actively departed from his Hebrew original in order to express the significance of God's address through the prophet. The Isaiah Targum ), the following statement, at 24:16a, b, is equally innovative: From the sanctuary, whence joy is about to go forth to all the inhabitants of the earth, we hear a song for the righteous. The prophet said, The mystery of the reward for the righteous is visible to me, the mystery of the retribution for the wicked is revealed to me! When the meturgeman speaks in the name of the prophet, his innovations show he does so with almost prophetic authority. Any significant departure from the Hebrew original, of which there are many, would justify this statement, but the usage of "the prophet said" suggests the meturgeman took his quasi- prophetic status quite seriously. He specifically claims to articulate, not only what Isaiah the prophet said, but what Isaiah meant to say, or should have said. He did not claim to be a prophet himself, even implicitly, since one would have to speak directly on God's behalf, not on Isaiah's, to be considered a prophet. But the meturgeman's innovative rendering of the Hebrew text marks him as more than a "translator", or even an "interpreter", in the usual senses of those words. By his adding, deleting, inverting the order of words, and providing fresh contexts for those words, the meturgeman voiced a new message for his time.

58. Jewish Heritage Online Magazine abraham bar hiyya (Spain, early 12th century), and Eleazar of Worms (Germany, c.1200), rationalized that the stars affect people s behavior and are http://www.jhom.com/lifecycle/birth/mazal_tov.htm

HOME TOPIC of the MONTH ARTS PERSONALITIES ... HEBREW LESSONS Throughout the ages, reports of a birth have often included the hope that the baby had been born be-mazal tov , or be-siman tov , followed by the traditional blessing that the child grow up to a life of Torah, to marry, and perform good deeds. The announcement of a birth in a Jewish family today is greeted customarily by family and friends with the same Hebrew words, expressing hope that the infant was born with good luck under a good sign, siman , or star, mazal . The Talmud uses mazal to mean "star" or "constellation"; this word has come to mean "luck" through the historical popularity of astrology. Talmudic sages discussed the effects of the celestial configuration on the night of birth on a person later in life and expected similarities between two people born under the same star. For example, one sage proposed that a person born on Sunday would be distinguished; on Monday, wrathful; on Tuesday, wealthy and sensual; on Wednesday, intelligent and enlightened; on Thursday, benevolent; on Friday, pious. If born on the Sabbath, he was destined to die on a Sabbath. Astrologers estimated that the influence of the ruling planet at the hour of birth could be decisive in determining character, health, and longevity. For example, someone born under the influence of Venus could become rich and adulterous, whereas someone born under Jupiter was more likely to become a righteous observer of commandments. The manner in which the celestial configuration governed behavior remained controversial among Jews for many centuries, however. Nevertheless, someone born under a favorable constellation was considered lucky, whereas if the ruling planet was likely to have unpleasant influences, a person would have to use intelligence and judgment to overcome expected ill effects.

59. PHILTAR - Compendium Of Philosophers/A abraham bar hiyya (10701136). An introduction to his life and work. Abramowski,Edward (1868-1918). A substantial account of his life and work http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/compendium_of_philosophers/a/

Compendium of Philosophers A Links to materials by and/or about over a thousand philosophers from thousands of years from all over the world from A to Z This compendium contains entries large and small, single or multiple, on hundreds of philosophers. Links vary in size from a few lines of biography to the whole of the Summa Theologica. Sometimes you are directed to a site which has further links. In that case there is no guarantee that all the further links will work, but enough work to make a visit worthwhile. This compendium does not provide links to philosophers’ own home pages. A list of them can be found here A B C ... Z Abarca, Pedro (1619-1693) A brief introduction to his thought Abelard, Peter (1079-1142) An introduction to his life and work The History of my Misfortunes Abercrombie, John (1780-1844) The Scottish Philosophy Abhinavagupta (10th/11th century) The briefest of introductions to his life and work This page provides access to a variety of excerpts from his works Abraham bar Hiyya (1070-1136) An introduction to his life and work Abramowski, Edward (1868-1918)

60. Gersonides As Goldstein has demonstrated, this conjunction was predicted already by IbnEzra, and repeated by abraham bar hiyya in his Megillat haMegalleh where the http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/gersonides/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A ... Z This document uses XHTML/Unicode to format the display. If you think special symbols are not displaying correctly, see our guide Displaying Special Characters last substantive content change AUG The Encyclopedia Now Needs Your Support Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free Gersonides Perhaps no other medieval Jewish philosopher has been so maligned over the centuries as Gersonides (Levi ben Gerson, acronym Ralbag). Indeed, his major philosophical work, Sefer Milhamot Ha-Shem The War of the Lord , 1329), was called " Wars against the Lord " by one of his opponents. Despite the vilification of his position, Gersonides emerges as one of the most significant and comprehensive thinkers in the medieval Jewish tradition. He has been constantly quoted (even if only to be criticized), and, through the works of Hasdai Crecas and others, Gersonides' ideas have influenced such thinkers as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibiniz and Benedict de Spinoza. This article will survey his major contributions to medieval philosophy. 1. Introduction

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