61. Gods Scientific philosophers like Xenophanes and Anaxagoras address and question with Xenophanes methodogical way of thinking, anaxagoras of clazomenae ca. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/GreekScience/Students/Jin/Gods2.html

THE CREATION AND DESTRUCTION OF GOD: The Interplay Between Greek Literature and Science in Creating and Destroying the Perception of God Jin Chung Look at the comments on this paper. Religion is a funny thing. Hundreds of thousands of people have died throughout history in the name of religion, yet there is no conclusive evidence which supports or concretely proves the existence of God. In contemporary times, it seems that the more man learns from science and technology about his environment and himself, the less he believes in a higher being. Religion and science are at constant odds against each other. It seems that you can only be either a Darwinist or an Evolutionist, there is no happy medium. The Ancient Greeks are accredited with being "scientific" because of their ability to differentiate between the natural and the supernatural. But reflective of their society, it seems that the Ancient Greeks found a balance between their religious and scientific beliefs. I think that there are some mysteries which can't be explained by science, and that religion exists to this day because man, in one way or another, needs to maintain his beliefs in a higher being. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction The Creation of God: The Template by Homer and Hesiod The Scientist's Response: Xenophanes and Anaxagoras The Critique: Tragic and Comic Views by Aeschylus and Aristophanes Conclusion: The Balance Between Science and Religion References Introduction In our class discussion, we defined science as the system of behaviour by which man acquires mastery of their environment. There were three factors which were determined as being "scientific" about Greek Science. These factors were; the ability to separate the natural from supernatural forces, the creation of tools of logical thought (formal logic such as Mathematical proofs,) and the combination of logic and empirical research. Keeping in mind our crudentials for science, examine the following comparative views on disease.

62. The Boys' And Girls' Plutarch - Pericles elevation and sublimity of purpose and of character, was anaxagoras of clazomenae; But that Anaxagoras, cleaving the skull in sunder, showed to the http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/hst/ancient/TheBoysandGirlsPlutarch

The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by Plutarch Ed. John White Terms Contents Theseus Romulus ... The Death of Caesar Pericles He who busies himself in mean occupations produces, in the very pains he takes about things of little or no use, an evidence against himself of his negligence and indisposition to what is really good. Nor did any generous and ingenuous young man, at the sight of the statue of Jupiter at Pisa, ever desire to be a Phidias, or, on seeing that of Juno at Argos, long to be a Polycletus, or feel induced by his pleasure in their poems to wish to be an Anacreon or Pliletas or Archilochus. But virtue, by the bare statement of its actions, can so affect men's minds as to create at once both admiration of the things done and desire to imitate the doers of them. The goods of fortune we would possess and would enjoy; those of virtue we long to practice and exercise; we are content to receive the former from others, the latter we wish others to experience from us. And so we have thought fit to spend our time and pains in writing of the lives of famous persons; and have composed this tenth book upon that subject, containing the life of Pericles, and that of Fabius Maximus, who carried on the war against Hannibal, men alike, as in their other virtues and good parts, so especially in their mild and upright temper and demeanor, and in that capacity to bear the cross-grained humors of their fellow-citizens and colleagues in office which made them both most useful and serviceable to the interests of their countries. Whether we take a right aim at our intended purpose, it is left to the reader to judge by what he shall find here.

63. List Of Guggenheim Fellowships Awarded In 2001 - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedi Patricia Curd, Professor of Philosophy, Purdue University A translation andstudy of anaxagoras of clazomenae. Gregory D Alessio, Composer, Cleveland, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Guggenheim_Fellowships_awarded_in_2001

Wikimedia needs your help in its 21-day fund drive. See our fundraising page Over US$ 125,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August. Thank you for your generosity! List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 2001 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Contents U.S. and Canadian Fellows Latin American and Caribbean Fellows See also External links ... U.S. and Canadian Fellows Geneive Abdo, Independent Scholar, Washington, D. C.; Senior Research Associate, Middle East Institute, Columbia University: Faith, power, and the new Iran. Jeremy Adelman, Professor of History, Princeton University: The political economy of revolution in South America, 1750-1824. Catherine J. Allen, Professor of Anthropology and International Affairs, George Washington University: Cultural patterning in Andean art. Fred Anderson, Associate Professor of History, University of Colorado at Boulder: Empire and liberty in North America, 1500-2000. Ray Anderson, Composer, Setauket, New York; Member of the Guest Faculty in Music, State University of New York at Stony Brook: Music composition. Tom Andrews, Poet, Athens, Greece; Member of the Faculty, MFA Program for Writers, Warren Wilson College: Poetry.

64. NON-CONTRADICTION.COM - Aristotle And Aristotelianism anaxagoras of clazomenae, when asked who is the happiest man? said None ofthe people you think; He would seem a strange person to you. http://www.non-contradiction.com/ac_quotes.asp

About non-contradiction.com Buy ARISTOTLE T-Shirts (and more) About Aristotle ... The Library Aristotelian Resources Aristotle's Catfish Attic Months of the Year Catalogus Commentatorum Weights and Measures in HA ... Greek Vocabulary List for Aristotle (big) Audio Versions of Aristotle's Works (new) Aristotle's Poetics (Greek) with Latin translation by Antonio Riccobono ... Aristotle on Postage Stamps Aristotle's Works List of Aristotelian Works The Categories (E. M. Edghill) De Interpretatione (E. M. Edghill) Prior Analytics (A. J. Jenkinson) ... Athenaion Politeia Ancient Greece Review of Ecclesiazusae by Aristophanes Perseus: Primary Greek Text Index SOPHOCLES by August Wilhelm von Schlegel RSS Feed Microsoft Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Harry Potter in Ancient Greek: Great Quotes by Aristotle (and some about Aristotle and Aristotelianism) Quotes from Aristotle It is clear, then, that such a principle is the most certain of all and we can formulate it thus: "It is impossible for the same thing at the same time to belong and not belong to the same thing at the same time and in the same respect". -The first formulation of the Law of Non-contradiction, Met. Gamma (Nicomachean Ethics 1096a12-16): Presumably, though, we had better examine the universal good, and puzzle out what is meant in speaking of it. This sort of inquiry is, to be sure, unwelcome to us, because those who introduced the Forms are friends of ours; still, it presumably seems better, indeed only right, to destroy even what is close to us if that is the way to preserve truth. We must especially do this as philosophers; for though we love both the truth and our friends, reverence is due to the truth first.

65. NON-CONTRADICTION.COM - Aristotle And Aristotelianism and anaxagoras of clazomenae when asked Who is the happiest man? But Anaxagoras answered in that way because he saw that the man who put the http://www.non-contradiction.com/ac_works_b27.asp

About non-contradiction.com Buy ARISTOTLE T-Shirts (and more) About Aristotle ... The Library Aristotelian Resources Aristotle's Catfish Attic Months of the Year Catalogus Commentatorum Weights and Measures in HA ... Greek Vocabulary List for Aristotle (big) Audio Versions of Aristotle's Works (new) Aristotle's Poetics (Greek) with Latin translation by Antonio Riccobono ... Aristotle on Postage Stamps Aristotle's Works List of Aristotelian Works The Categories (E. M. Edghill) De Interpretatione (E. M. Edghill) Prior Analytics (A. J. Jenkinson) ... Athenaion Politeia Ancient Greece Review of Ecclesiazusae by Aristophanes Perseus: Primary Greek Text Index SOPHOCLES by August Wilhelm von Schlegel RSS Feed Microsoft Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Harry Potter in Ancient Greek: EUDEMIAN ETHICS [1214a] The man who at Delos set forth in the precinct of the god his own opinion composed an inscription for the forecourt of the temple of Leto in which he distinguished goodness, beauty and pleasantness as not all being properties of the same thing. His verses are: Justice is fairest, and Health is best

66. The Purdue Exponent Her studies revolve around a classic figure named anaxagoras of clazomenae. Anaxagoras is a crucial figure in the period of Greek philosophy between http://www.purdueexponent.org/2001/07/02/campus/philosophy.html

Monday 7/2/2001 5 day quick link Purdue professor studies pre-Socratic philosophy By Anna Herkamp Summer Reporter A Purdue professor has accepted two fellowships to continue her pre-Socratic studies next year. Patricia Curd, professor of philosophy, will hold a fellowship from July 2001 to June 2002 with the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation. From August to December 2001, she will hold the National Humanities Center Fellowship and from January to December 2002, she will hold the National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship for University Teachers. Next fall will be the beginning of her sabbatical in which she will begin the latter two fellowships. In the fall, she will be at the National Humanities Center, in Research Triangle Park, N.C. The next semester she will be in the United Kingdom at the University of Cambridge. Curd has published numerous papers, written one book and edited a couple of books about pre-Socratic philosophy. Her studies revolve around a classic figure named Anaxagoras of Clazomenae. "Anaxagoras is a crucial figure in the period of Greek philosophy between Parmenides and Plato," she said.

67. Early Greek Philosophy - The Presocratics From Thales To Democritus Pythagoras of Samos; Heraclitus of Ephesus; Parmenides of Elea (Zeno);Empedocles of Acragas; anaxagoras of clazomenae; Democritus of Abdera (Leucippus) http://www.thebigview.com/greeks/

68. Peter Fosl's Philosophical Chronology Beginning of the Roman Republic (510 BCE) Bacchylides (505450 BCE) (poet)anaxagoras of clazomenae (c 500/499 - 428/7 BCE) Bhagavad Gita (c 500 BCE) http://homepages.transy.edu/~philosophy/chronology.html

TRANSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY PHILOSOPHY PROGRAM A PHILOSOPHICAL CHRONOLOGY By Peter S. Fosl Use your "find in page" command (under "Edit" in your browser) to search for particular entries or use the table below to take you to the indicated date. The Big Bang 400 BCE Homo Sapiens 300 BCE ... 500 BCE s s Big Bang postulated (15-16 billion years ago) Formation of the Earth (c 4,500,000,000 years ago) Precambrian Age (4,000,000,000 - 540,000,000 y.a., origin of life [Archeaozoic era] thought to be 4 billion y.a.) Earliest known life in fossil record (c 3,500,000,000 y.a.) Paleozoic Age (540,000,000 - 200,000,000 y.a.) (insects, chondrichthyes, amphibians, reptiles, plants except angiospermae) Mesozoic Age (200,000,000 - 60, 000,000 y.a.) (bony fish, birds, mammals, angiospermae) Dinosaurs become extinct (c 65,000,000 y.a.) Cenozoic Age begins (60,000,000 y.a.) Australopithecus (2,600,000 y.a.) Pleistocene Era (2,000,000 - 10,000 y.a., development of hominids) Appearance of homo sapiens (c 200,000 BCE) Earliest known artwork (c 29,000 BCE) (Willendorf Venus; painted blocks of La Ferrassie)

69. Early Cosmology Two interesting examples were first the claim of anaxagoras of clazomenae thatthe Moon shines only through the light it reflects from the sun, http://phyun5.ucr.edu/~wudka/Physics7/Notes_www/node31.html

Next: The Pythagoreans Up: Early Greeks Previous: Mythology Early cosmology In their many travels the early Greeks came into contact with older civilizations and learned their mathematics and cosmologies. Early sailors relied heavily on the celestial bodies for guidance and the observation that the heavens presented very clear regularities gave birth to the concept that these regularities resulted, not from the whims of the gods, but from physical laws. Similar conclusions must have been drawn from the regular change of the seasons. This realization was not sudden, but required a lapse of many centuries, yet its importance cannot be underestimated for it is the birth of modern science. The earliest of the Greek cosmologies were intimately related to mythology: earth was surrounded by air above, water around and Hades below; ether surrounded the earth-water-Hades set (Fig. Figure 2.6: The universe according to Greek mythology. This system was soon replaced by more sophisticated views on the nature of the cosmos. Two interesting examples were first the claim of Anaxagoras of Clazomenae that the Moon shines only through the light it reflects from the sun, and that that lunar eclipses are a result of the earth blocking the sunlight in its path to the moon; he also believed the Sun to be a ball of molten iron larger than the Peloponesus. Another remarkable feat was the prediction of a solar eclipse by Thales in 585 B.C. (for which he used the data obtained by Babylonian astronomers). During this period other ideas were suggested, such as the possibility of an infinite, eternal universe (Democritus) and a spherical immovable Earth (Parmenides).

70. History/World - World History Timeline 480 BC, anaxagoras of clazomenae arrives in Athens. He taught the philosophy ofIonia to the Athenians. 485 BC, Protagoras of Abdera (485415) is born. http://www.fincher.org/History/World.shtml

History World History Timeline Bible World RandomThoughts Home KnowledgeBase SoftwareEngineering ... SiteMap Approx. Time 3114 BC, August 13 Start of the Mayan calendar. The Mayans had 20 days in their month starting with day and ending with day 19. They understood zero not only as a place holder, but as a true counting number. 2900 BC First Egyptian hieroglyphs 2700 BC Egyptians create 365 day calendar with new year starting in June 2550 BC Great Pyramid in Egypt is built 2000 BC Minoan Bronze age culture on Crete develops hieroglyphic script and extensive palace complex at Knossos. 1650-1700 BC Minoan "Linear A" asyllabic script created - still undeciphered. 1650 BC Minoan "Linear B" script created. 1450 BC Minoan culture destroyed perhaps by the Mycenaeans 1200 BC Invasion of the Sea Peoples destroys Mycenaean civilization. Greece enters a 400 year "Dark Age"; writing was forgotten; cities abandoned. Linear B would not be read again until modern times. 1185 BC Trojan War. 1130 BC Iron used for weapons and tools. 1120 BC Magnetic compass invented 1100 BC Phoenicians develop alphabetic script 1000 BC Chinese develop gunpowder by mixing saltpeter, charcoal, and sulfur and grinding carefully

71. BOOK-I-3 anaxagoras of clazomenae, who, though older than Empedocles, was later in hisphilosophical activity, says the principles are infinite in number; http://www.phil.pku.edu.cn/res/files/aristotle/metaphysics/I-3.htm

72. History Of Philosophy. Philosophic Decades - By Patrice Guinard anaxagoras of clazomenae Dissociation (VENUS). A unique principle is inconceivablea double infinity, Matter and Mind, rules existence and the http://cura.free.fr/23phidec.html

The Manifesto The Dominion Texts and Articles Review ... HOME (EN) Philosophic Decades (Contribution to the Matrix-Based Understanding of the History of Philosophy) by Patrice Guinard translation Matyas Becvarov Author's Note: This essay is based on Chapter 27 of my doctoral thesis (1993). The Ten Stars of Earliest Greek Thought "Every philosopher paints his universe and each thing in it with fewer colors than actually exist and he is blind to certain colors." (Nietzsche: The Dawn) The first Greek philosophers understood the world as they saw it, felt it, as it appeared to them. The world has never ceased to be what it indeed has always been. Intemporal things manifest hic et nunc , or, to use the terminology of Hegel, the Universal in Itself is also the present of the concrete world. To capture being, then, it suffices to allow the will to join itself to its exteriority and to let representation embrace multiplicity, so that the synthetic figure is born that gives rise to the manner by which reality is organized in the light of consciousness that reflects it. The Presocratics synthesized the first stances of the mind coming face to face with reality, and they incarnate the archetypal tendencies of consciousness. "In fact, they invented the principal types of philosophical spirit to which posterity has added nothing essential at all."

73. Top Ten Least Favorite Philosophers - Staff Top 10 - Stylus Magazine anaxagoras of clazomenae (500428 BCE) On the one hand, ol’ Anaxagoras (say itten times fast!) did reject any distinction between appearance and reality, http://www.stylusmagazine.com/feature.php?ID=1038

74. Hippolytus Of Rome: The Refutation Of All Heresies, Book 10 (Roberts-Donaldson T The followers, however, of anaxagoras of clazomenae, and of Democritus, and ofEpicurus, and multitudes of others, have given it as their opinion that the http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/hippolytus10.html

HIPPOLYTUS OF ROME THE REFUTATION OF ALL HERESIES BOOK X. CONTENTS THE following are the contents of the tenth book of the Refutation of all Heresies:- An Epitome of all Philosophers. An Epitome of all Heresies. And, in conclusion to all, what the Doctrine of the Truth is. CHAP. I.RECAPITULATION. CHAP. II.SUMMARY OF THE OPINIONS OF PHILOSOPHERS. Stoics, then, accounted for the generation of the universe. For, according to them, matter devoid of quality, and in all its parts susceptible of change, constitutes an originating principle of the universe. For, when an alteration of this ensues, there is generated fire, air, water, earth. The followers, however, of Hippasus, and Anaximander, and Thales the Milesian, are disposed to think that all things have been generated from one (an entity), endued with quality. Hippasus of Metapontum and Heraclitus the Ephesian declared the origin of things to be from fire, whereas Anaximander from air, but Thales from water, and Xenophanes from earth. "For from earth," says he, "are all things, and all things terminate in the earth." CHAP. III.SUMMARY OF THE OPINIONS OF PHILOSOPHERS CONTINUED.

75. PLINY2-1 LIX. The Greeks tell the story that anaxagoras of clazomenae in the 2nd year ofthe 78th Olympiad was enabled by his knowledge of astronomical literature to http://www.spaceship-earth.org/OrigLit/PLINY2-5.htm

Hist.scien. index Pliny index back PLINY'S NATURAL HISTORY Book II Chapters LVII - LXVIII LVII. Besides these events in the lower sky, it is entered in the records that in the consulship of Manius Acilius and Gaius Porcius it rained milk and blood, and that frequently on other occasions there it has rained flesh, for instance in the consulship of Publius Volumnius and Servius Sulpicius, and that none of the flesh left unplundered by birds of prey went bad; and similarly that it rained iron in the district of Lucania the year before Marcus Crassus was killed by the Parthians and with him all the Lucanian soldiers, of whom there was a large contingent in his army; the shape of the iron that fell resembled sponges; the augurs prophecied wounds from above. But in the consulship of Lucius Paullus and Gaius Marcellus it rained wool in the vicinity of Compsa Castle, near which Titus Amlius Milo was killed a year later. It is recorded in the annals of that year that while Milo was pleading a case in court it rained baked bricks. LVIII. We are told that during the wars with the Cimbri a noise of clanging armour and the sounding of a trumpet were heard from the sky, and that the same thing has happened frequently both before then and later. In the third consulship of Marius the inhabitants of Ameria and Tuder saw the spectacle of heavenly armies advancing from the East and the West to meet in battle, those from the West being routed. It has often been seen, and is not at all surprising, that the sky itself catches fire when the clouds have been set on fire by an exceptionally large flame.

76. The Rigid Sky In Greek Philosophy anaxagoras of clazomenae (499 428 BC) went to Athens about 480 BC. He claimed thesun and stars are flaming stones which are carried round by the http://www.sentex.net/~tcc/fgreek.html

Report on the Firmament The Rigid Sky in Greek Philosophy The worship of Zeus in the ancient world involved a cosmology that was built on the assumption of a stationary earth. Many arguments were available that appeared to support this idea; clouds would be left behind, it was reasoned, if the earth rotated. Observations showed that a stone or an arrow shot straight up into the air fell back down to the same place, and was not deflected towards the west. The ancients noted that after sunset, the stars appeared in the formerly bright blue sky, and they observed the regular daily movement of the stars, which seem to rotate about a point in the sky above the north pole each night. To keep the stars in their relative positions, they reasoned a rigid spherical shell was required, centered on the earth's center, in which all the fixed stars were embedded. The rigidity of the heavens was regarded as an amazing discovery, which seemed to account for many observations. The concept was the basis for the worship of the Olympian Zeus in the ancient world. Zeus was the rigid heaven of the ancient world, which shone bright blue in the day, and held up all the stars, which were thought to be embedded like nails on its inside surface. The sky was the focus of Greek religion. Zeus was chief of the Olympic deities, and was called "the father of gods and men" by Homer. Herodotus says Homer gave the

77. Ephilosopher :: Web Links: Philosophers anaxagoras of clazomenae na Added on 03Jan-2003 hits 25 Rate this web site Modify Report broken link anaxagoras of clazomenae http://www.ephilosopher.com/modules.php?op=modload&name=Web_Links&file=index&req

78. DIAGRAM :: Greg Darms and all that mind moved was divided, and as things moved and divided, therotation greatly increased the dividing. —anaxagoras of clazomenae. http://thediagram.com/4_1/darms.html

Greg Darms 2 POEMS CONNECTIVE And, as is fitting for the next of a finite series, the small world view of two hundred sixty-five of these conjuncted lineations concatenated not as a string of takes so much as what I forgot while in the other room returned as the prodigal sibling to the brink of the page: Hey, Bro! The abrupt, abbreviated, absolute audacity! In three short letters Really! This is about something you never knew, the connecting function. OF ROTATION The circumboreal ecliptic (yet partial) That orbit, hemispheric, which Bisects the figure, like fruit Juicy in its moment, imagined Bound to miss someone below in shadow Core of gravity, parents, the firstborn Stirring as the tangent approaches, the formal Light touching the model, which The designated meridian, the zero place Where it starts again, complete, conjoined Start with some propositions and prepositions, compile a lexicon, play with parallel and orthogonal constructions and functional conjunctions, consider chiasmus and the lingo of scientific process, wordalize to make of mind and voice a mark (in someone else's ear and mind) not unlike a Franz Kline gesture in the eye. An ordinary square inch . . . is a chaos.

79. Zeno Vs. The Sophists Beyond this center we must include among the relevant personnel the older generationof Zeno of Elea and anaxagoras of clazomenae coming to Athens. http://www.geocities.com/theophoretos/bohm.html

Scientific Enlightenment, Div. One Book 2: Human Enlightenment (of the First Axial) 2.B.1. A genealogy of the philosophic enlightenment in classical Greece: Chapter 10: The Sophists and their destruction of philosophy ACADEMY previous section Table of Content next section ... GALLERY nous ) the source of existence beyond the empirical world of things, the transition to the immature stage of the structural perspective sets in which is characterized by an increase in the breadth of knowledge about the empirical world of things (the enlargement of the experiential horizon) accompanied by the stripping of this world down to its present-at-hand aspect (Vorhandenheit) only, but also by the shrinking of the depth of consciousness through again the inability to conceive beyond "things" and their presence-at-hand. The fundamentalist destruction of the depth of consciousness previously achieved then begins. A preliminary overview of the history of human consciousness can be given. (2) The fundamentalist misunderstanding, the immanentization of the transcendent reality interestingly can have the effect of a deepened understanding of the structure of the empirical reality, as with Zeno and Democritus. (3) The recovery of spiritual depth within the debris of the sophists' fundamentalist destruction of philosophy the work of Plato results in the synthesis of the breadth of knowledge with the depth of consciousness, the empirical with the transcendental. This is similar to the present project of scientific enlightenment.

80. CC301 – Introduction To Ancient Greece – Lecture 19 anaxagoras of clazomenae; Democritus of Abdera. Traditional male education inAthens musike and gymnastike. Impact of democracy rhetorical, http://www.utexas.edu/courses/greekciv/lecture19.html

CC 301 Lecture 19 April 6, 2004 PHILOSOPHERS, EDUCATION, AND THE SOPHISTS Natural philosophy in mid and later 5th century BC Athens. (see MacKendrick-Howe, Classics in Translation , p. 110) Anaxagoras of Clazomenae Democritus of Abdera Traditional male education in Athens: musike and gymnastike Impact of democracy: rhetorical, oratorical skill = political and legal power The Sophists (roughly 2nd half 5th century BC) Who were they? What they taught: rhetoric and language argumentation, involving moral relativism religious skepticism Convention ( nomos ) vs. nature ( physis ): self-interest, expediency Protagoras of Abdera "There are two sides to every question." "As for the gods, it is impossible to determine whether they exist or do not exist" "Man is the measure of all things, of the existence of those that exist and of the non-existence of those that do not”. Anthropological evolution of society Tension over this new thinking within Athenian society Trial and departure of Anaxagoras (and probably Protagoras) Growth of emotional, foreign religion during the years of the Peloponnesian war How does this thinking compare with Sophocles’, with Euripides’?

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