21. Alhazen: Biography And Much More From Answers.com alhazen b. Basra (Iraq), c. 965, d. Egypt, c. 1040 alhazen is considered themost important of the Arab physicists and therefore the chief. http://www.answers.com/topic/alhazen

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Scientist Encyclopedia Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Alhazen Scientist Alhazen [b. Basra (Iraq), c. 965, d. Egypt, c. 1040] Alhazen is considered the most important of the Arab physicists and therefore the chief physicist of the early Middle Ages. His main concern was the behavior of light, which he explained better than anyone before the 17th century. When he found himself in trouble with his Egyptian ruler, he pretended to have gone mad and only gave up the pretense after the ruler had died. Encyclopedia Ibn al-Haytham Ä­b ən ¤l-hÄ«th-¤m ) or Alhazen ălhəzĕn ) , 965–c.1040, Arab mathematician. Ibn al-Haytham was born in Basra, Persia, but made his career in Cairo, where he supported himself copying scientific manuscripts. Among his original works, only those on optics, astronomy, and mathematics survive. His Optics, which relied on experiment rather than on past authority, introduced the idea that light rays emanate in straight lines in all directions from every point on a luminous surface. Latin editions of the Optics

22. Islam Online- News Section According to one story alHakim had invited alhazen because it was believed Charged with the near-impossible task, alhazen led an army of worker south http://www.islamonline.net/english/Science/2001/08/article11.shtml

Home About Us Media Kit Contact Us ... Your Mail Search Advanced Search News The World in Pictures Family ... Volunteer Youth Network Muslim Affairs Iraq in Transition Palestine in Focus Discover Islam Introducing Islam Ask about Islam Contemporary Issues My Journey to Islam Shari`ah Corner Ask the Scholar Live Fatwa Fatwa Bank Qur'an: The ... Religious Files Counseling Parenting Counselor Cyber Counselor Services Prayer Times Matrimonial Live Dialogue Discussion Forum ... Address Book Directories Site Directory Islamic Society Islamic Banks TV Channels ... Telephone Code Newsletter Enter your E-mail Alhazen: Master of Optics By David W. Tschanz The brightest name in Egyptian Islamic science is that of mathematician and scholar Abu 'Ali al-Hasan bin al-Hasan bin al-Haytham, known as "Alhazen" to the Western world. Born in Basra, Iraq in 965, he won repute there as a mathematician and engineer. He was invited to move to Cairo, Egypt by the Fatimid Caliph, al-Hakim. According to one story al-Hakim had invited Alhazen because it was believed that the mathematician had a plan for regulating the waters of the Nile. Charged with the near-impossible task, Alhazen led an army of worker south of Aswan to the place called al-Janadil. Here he expected to see the Nile's waters descending from higher ground and was disappointed when he discovered they did not. According to a 13th century account, Alhazen feared that the eccentric and unpredictable al-Hakim would punish him for his failure. To avoid punishment, he pretended to be insane until al-Hakim's death. He then left the house in which he had been confined and moved to a qubbah (a small domed structure) at the gate of Cairo's Azhar Mosque. There he resumed his work as an author and teacher of mathematics. He earned his living by copying a number of basic mathematical works, which included Euclid's

23. Alhazen - Definition Of Alhazen By The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus And Enc Definition of alhazen in the Online Dictionary. Meaning of alhazen. What doesalhazen mean? alhazen synonyms, alhazen antonyms. Information about alhazen in http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Alhazen

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='Alhazen' join mailing list Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Computing dictionary Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Columbia encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia Alhazen Also found in: Columbia Wikipedia 0.02 sec. Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Thesaurus Legend: Synonyms Related Words Antonyms Noun Alhazen - an Egyptian polymath (born in Iraq) whose research in geometry and optics was influential into the 17th century; established experiments as the norm of proof in physics (died in 1040) Al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham al-Haytham Ibn al-Haytham astronomer ... stargazer - a physicist who studies astronomy mathematician - a person skilled in mathematics physicist - a scientist trained in physics Mentioned in References in classic literature No references found No references found Dictionary/thesaurus browser Full browser algorithmic rule Algous Algren Alguazil ... Alhambraic Alhazen Alhenna Ali Ali Baba Aliakmon ... Alhambra High School (Martinez, California)

24. Science, Civilization And Society AlHaytham (alhazen) on refraction. The following rules were derived by al-Haytham.When the angle of incidence i increases, the angles of refraction r and http://www.es.flinders.edu.au/~mattom/science society/lectures/illustrations/lec

25. Alhazen (Abu Ali Al Hassan Ibn Al Haitham) (c. 965-c. 1040) alhazen (Abu Ali al Hassan ibn al Haitham) (c. 965c. 1040) alhazen feignedmadness upon his return and kept up the pretence until the Caliph died in http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/Alhazen.html

Return to The Worlds of David Darling INDEX LATEST NEWS ARCHIVE ... Z entire Web this site Alhazen (Abu Ali al Hassan ibn al Haitham) (c. 965-c. 1040) An Arab mathematician and physicist who wrote the first important book on optics since the time of Ptolemy , in which he rejected the older notion that light was emitted by the eye in favor of the view accepted today. His Treasury of Optics (first published in Latin in 1572) discusses lenses, plane and curved mirrors, and colors. Prior to this work he made a near-disastrous expedition to southern Egypt, sponsored by the Caliph al-Hakim, to study possible ways of controlling the Nile. Realizing that the river could not be so easily tamed and that heads would (literally) roll when the bad news was relayed, Alhazen feigned madness upon his return and kept up the pretence until the Caliph died in 1021. See also Arabian astronomy BACK TO TOP var site="s13space1234"

26. MSN Encarta - Alhazen alhazen (9651040?), Arab scientist and natural philosopher, who made importantcontributions in optics, astronomy, and mathematics. His Arab name is http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579452/Alhazen.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Subscription Article MSN Encarta Premium: Get this article, plus 60,000 other articles, an interactive atlas, dictionaries, thesaurus, articles from 100 leading magazines, homework tools, daily math help and more for $4.95/month or $29.95/year (plus applicable taxes.) Learn more. This article is exclusively available for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Already a subscriber? Sign in above. Alhazen Alhazen (965-1040?), Arab scientist and natural philosopher, who made important contributions in optics, astronomy, and mathematics. His Arab name is... Related Items ideas about light Islamic science of the Middle Ages 2 items Selected Web Links Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham [MacTutor] 1 item Want more Encarta? Become a subscriber today and gain access to: Daily Math Help Literature Guides Researcher Tools Paper-Writing Guides 60,000 + articles Interactive Atlas Magazine Center Find more about Alhazen from Related Items Other Features from Encarta Light Science Search Encarta for Alhazen © 2005 Microsoft MSN Privacy Legal Advertise Feedback ... Help

27. MSN Encarta - Search Results - Alhazen Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Join Now. Searched Encartafor alhazen Science alhazen (National Maritime Museum/Dorling Kindersley) http://encarta.msn.com/Alhazen.html

fdbkURL="/encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=Alhazen#bottom"; errmsg1="Please select a rating."; errmsg2="Please select a reason for your rating."; MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Join Now Searched Encarta for ' Alhazen' Articles Alhazen Alhazen (965-1040?), Arab scientist and natural philosopher, who made important contributions in optics, astronomy, and mathematics. His Arab name... ... In astronomy, Arab observers charted the heavens, giving many of the brightest stars the names we use today, such as Aldebaran, Altair, and Deneb.... Results from MSN Search More MSN Search results on "Alhazen" Advertisement document.write(' Search Results Feedback How well did we match your search term? poor excellent Main reason for your rating select a reason Exactly what I needed Was a good start Wasn't on the right topic Quizzes Columns Top 10 Lists Newsletter ... Worldwide Advertisement document.write('

28. Alhazen - Definition Of Alhazen In Encyclopedia alhazen Abu Ali alHasan Ibn Al-Haitham, (965-1040) was a Arab Muslim mathematician;he is sometimes called al-Basri, after his birthplace. http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Alhazen

Add to Favorites General Encyclopedia Legal ... Law forum Search Word: Visit our Law forums Labor Law Accidents Law Bankruptcy Law Business Law ... Tax Law Alhazen Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haitham, ( ) was a Arab Muslim mathematician ; he is sometimes called al-Basri, after his birthplace. He was born at Basra , now Iraq and probably died at Cairo Egypt . There is another Alhazen who translated Ptolemy 's Almagest in the 10th century. One version of his career has him summoned to Egypt by the mercurial caliph Hakim to regulate the flooding of the Nile . After his field work made him aware of the impracticability of his scheme, and fearing the caliph's anger, he feigned madness . He was kept under house arrest until Hakim's death in . During this time he wrote scores of important mathematical treatises. Alhazen was a pioneer in optics, engineering and astronomy. According to Giambattista della Porta , he first explained the apparent increase in the size of the moon and sun near the horizon, although Roger Bacon gives the credit of this discovery to Ptolemy . He taught that vision does not result from the emission of rays from the eye, and wrote on the

29. Alhazen's Billiard Problem -- From MathWorld Alperin, RC Mathematical Origami Another View of alhazen s Optical Problem. http//www.mathcs.sjsu.edu/faculty/alperin/alhazen.pdf. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AlhazensBilliardProblem.html

INDEX Algebra Applied Mathematics Calculus and Analysis Discrete Mathematics ... Alphabetical Index DESTINATIONS About MathWorld About the Author Headline News ... Random Entry CONTACT Contribute an Entry Send a Message to the Team MATHWORLD - IN PRINT Order book from Amazon Geometry Plane Geometry Triangles ... Reflections Alhazen's Billiard Problem In a given circle , find an isosceles triangle whose legs pass through two given points inside the circle . This can be restated as: from two points in the plane of a circle , draw lines meeting at the point of the circumference and making equal angles with the normal at that point The problem is called the billiard problem because it corresponds to finding the point on the edge of a circular " billiard " table at which a cue ball at a given point must be aimed in order to carom once off the edge of the table and strike another ball at a second given point . The solution leads to a biquadratic equation of the form The problem is equivalent to the determination of the point on a spherical mirror where a ray of light will reflect in order to pass from a given source to an observer. It is also equivalent to the problem of finding, given two points and a circle such that the points are both inside or outside the circle , the ellipse whose foci are the two points and which is tangent to the given circle The problem was first formulated by Ptolemy in 150 AD , and was named after the Arab scholar Alhazen , who discussed it in his work on optics. The problem is insoluble using a

30. Alhazen's Problem -- From MathWorld alhazen s Problem. COMMENT On this Page. SEE alhazen s Billiard Problem. PagesLinking Here http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AlhazensProblem.html

INDEX Algebra Applied Mathematics Calculus and Analysis Discrete Mathematics ... Alphabetical Index DESTINATIONS About MathWorld About the Author Headline News ... Random Entry CONTACT Contribute an Entry Send a Message to the Team MATHWORLD - IN PRINT Order book from Amazon Geometry Transformations Reflections Alhazen's Problem SEE: Alhazen's Billiard Problem [Pages Linking Here]

31. Al-Haitham (Alhazen), 965-1040 C.E. Father of modern Optics. First to describe accurately various parts of the eyeand the process of vision. Contradicted Ptolemy s and Euclid s theory of http://www.unhas.ac.id/~rhiza/saintis/haitham.html

ABU ALI HASAN IBN AL-HAITHAM (ALHAZEN) (965 - 1040 C.E.) by Dr. A. Zahoor Al-Haitham, known in the West as Alhazen , is considered as the father of modern Optics . Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham was one of the most eminent physicists, whose contributions to optics and the scientific methods are outstanding. Ibn al-Haitham was born in 965 C.E. in Basrah (present Iraq), and received his education in Basrah and Baghdad. He traveled to Egypt and Spain. He spent most of his life in Spain, where conducted research in optics, mathematics, physics, medicine and development of scientific methods. Al-Haitham conducted experiments on the propagation of light and colors, optic illusions and reflections. He examined the refraction of light rays through transparent medium (air, water) and discovered the laws of refraction. He also carried out the first experiments on the dispersion of light into its constituent colors. In detailing his experiment with spherical segments (glass vessels filled with water), he came very close to discovering the theory of magnifying lenses which was developed in Italy three centuries later. It took another three centuries before the law of sines was proposed by Snell and Descartes. His book Kitab-al-Manazir was translated into Latin in the Middle Ages, as also his book dealing with the colors of sunset. He dealt at length with the theory of various physical phenomena such as the rainbow, shadows, eclipses, and speculated on the physical nature of light. Roger Bacon (thirteenth century), Pole Witelo (Vitellio) and all Medieval Western writers on Optics base their optical work primarily on Al-Haitham's '

32. ALHAZEN - LoveToKnow Article On ALHAZEN alhazen (Asu ALI ALHASAN IBN ALHASAN), Arabian mathematician of the nth century He is to be distinguished from another alhazen who translated Ptolemy s http://22.1911encyclopedia.org/A/AL/ALHAZEN.htm

ALHAZEN ALHAZEN See Casiri, Bibl. Arab. Hisp. Escur.; T. E. Montucla, Histoire des mathematigues (1758); and E. A. Sedillot, Materiaux pour I'histoire des sciences mathematigues. THE ALHAMBRA ALI To properly cite this ALHAZEN article in your work, copy the complete reference below: "ALHAZEN." LoveToKnow 1911 Online Encyclopedia. http://22.1911encyclopedia.org/A/AL/ALHAZEN.htm Links to this article are encouraged. Please use the following format: See: ALHAZEN at LoveToKnow.

33. Alhazen, Ibn Al-Haytham alhazen was born in Basra (now in Iraq). He made many contributions to optics, alhazen postulated that light rays originate in a flame or in the Sun, http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/A/Alhazen/1.html

Alhazen, Ibn al-Haytham (c. 965-1038) (Abu al-Hassan ibn al-Haytham) Arab scientist, author of the Kitab al-Manazir/Book of Optics, translated into Latin as Opticae thesaurus (1572). For centuries it remained the most comprehensive and authoritative treatment of optics in both East and West. Alhazen was born in Basra (now in Iraq). He made many contributions to optics, contesting the Greek view of Hero and Ptolemy that vision involves rays that emerge from the eye and are reflected by objects viewed. Alhazen postulated that light rays originate in a flame or in the Sun, strike objects, and are reflected by them into the eye. He studied lenses and mirrors, working out that the curvature of a lens accounts for its ability to focus light. He measured the refraction of light by lenses and its reflection by mirrors, and formulated the geometric optics of image formation by spherical and parabolic mirrors. He constructed a camera obscura. He also tried to account for the occurrence of rainbows, appreciating that they are formed in the atmosphere, which he estimated extended for about 15 km/9 mi above the ground.

34. Alhazen -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article alhazen Abu Ali alHasan Ibn Al-Haitham (also Ibn al Haythen), ( (Click link There is another alhazen who translated (An ancient dynasty of Macedonian http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/a/al/alhazen.htm

Alhazen [Categories: Iranian scientists, 1040 deaths, 965 births, Arab engineers, Arab astronomers, 11th century mathematicians, 10th century mathematicians, Egyptian mathematicians, Persian mathematicians, Arab mathematicians] Alhazen Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haitham (also: Ibn al Haythen (Click link for more info and facts about 965) -1040), was an (A member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa) Arab (A person skilled in mathematics) mathematician ; he is sometimes called al-Basri , after his birthplace. He was born at (The second largest city in Iraq; an oil port in southern Iraq) Basra , then part of (Click link for more info and facts about Buwayhid) Buwayhid (An empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC) Persia , now part of (A republic in the Middle East in western Asia; the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia was in the area now known as Iraq; modern government is involved in state-sponsored terrorism) Iraq (See PrintLink("http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Al-Haytham.html", "(*)")

35. Alhazen. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 alhazen. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 200105. http://www.bartleby.com/65/x-/X-Alhazen.html

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36. Alhazen alhazen (c.9651038) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography). alhazen,Abu Ali al-Hassan ibn al-Haytham (c. 965-1038) (The Hutchinson Dictionary http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0910123.html

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37. Definition Of Alhazen - WordReference.com Dictionary alhazen Definition from dictionary. Ask a question in the forum. Look up alhazen at MerriamWebster Look up alhazen at dictionary.com http://www.wordreference.com/definition/Alhazen

Word Reference .com alhazen A noun Alhazen al-Haytham Ibn_al-Haytham Al-Hasan_ibn_al-Haytham an Egyptian polymath (born in Iraq) whose research in geometry and optics was influential into the 17th century; established experiments as the norm of proof in physics (died in 1040) Category Tree: entity object organism being ... Look up "Alhazen" at dictionary.com English Definition Home Suggestions Search Tips See Also: algorithmic Algren Al-hakim Alhambra ... alibi Alhazen: in French in Italian in Spanish

38. Alhazen alhazen see Ibn alHaytham. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Ibn al-Haytham - Ibn al-Haytham or alhazen alhuzen , 965–c.1040, http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0910123.html

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39. AllRefer.com - Alhazen (Mathematics, Biography) - Encyclopedia AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon alhazen, Mathematics, Biographies. Includes related research links. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/X/X-Alhazen.html

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40. Alhazen In Umberto Eco s The Name of the Rose, alhazen is mentioned briefly on pages 172and 315. alhazen. Personalities Noble. http://www.louisville.edu/~d0hess01/alhazen.html

Alhazan Alhazen 965 - 1039 BCE In Umberto Eco's The Name of the Rose , Alhazen is mentioned briefly on pages 172 and 315. Alhazen (the Arabic name is Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham) was born and educated in Barash. He was one of the most exalted physicists in the Middle East and North Africa. His scientific methodology and contributions to optics were unparalleled. In fact, his knowledge led to his being asked to Egypt to help find a way to control the flood of the Nile. However, he was unsuccessful. Later, he moved to Spain, were he wrote treatises on optics, physics, medicine, mathematics, and the scientific method. In his book Kitab-at-Manazir, he examined the passage of light, laws of refraction, and the role of the dispersion light in the determination of colors. He also studied the phenomena of eclipses, shadows, and rainbows. Alhazen also studied the procedure of vision, and he was the first to correctly describe the different parts of the eye. In his attempts to explain binocular vision, his use of the camera obscura, and correctly speculating that light emanates from the object that we are seeing and not the eye, led to him being christened the father of modern optics. Alhazen's book, Mizan al-Hikmah Ibn al-Haitham, examines the density of the atmosphere, atmospheric refraction, and why twilight begins or ends only when the sun is 19? below the horizon. Ultimately, his desire was to use all of these aspects to determine the height of the atmosphere.

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