41. Entrez PubMed The image of Roger Bacon as a modern experimental scientist was propagated ashistorical truth in http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

42. Untitled adelard of bath Born 1075 in Bath, England Died 1160. tex2html_wrap_inline352aka Robert of Chester. tex2html_wrap_inline352 During this period (12 http://www.math.tamu.edu/~don.allen/history/mideval/mideval.html

Next: About this document Mideval Europe century The Europeans learned Arabic in the 12 century. All mathematics and astronomy was written in Arabic. By the end of the 12 century the best mathematics was done in Christian Italy. During this century there was a spate of translations of Arabic works to Latin. Later Example. Elements in Arabic Latin in 1142 by Adelard of Bath (ca. 1075-1160). He also translated Al-Khwarizmi's astronomical tables (Arabic Latin) in 1126 and in 1155 translated Ptolemy's Almgest (Greek Latin) (The world background at this time was the crusades.) Gherard of Cremona Born: 1114 in Cremona, Italy Died: 1187 in Toledo, Spain Gherard's name is sometimes written as Gerard. He went to Toledo, Spain to learn Arabic so he could read Ptolemy's Almagest since no Latin translations existed at that time. He remained there for the rest of his life. Gherard made translations of Ptolemy (1175) and of Euclid from Arabic. Some of these translations from Arabic became more popular than the (often earlier) translations from Greek. In making translations of other Arabic work he translated the Arabic word for sine into the Latin sinus, from where our

43. Loq-Man Translations Other famous translators were adelard of bath, Robert of Chester, Adelard ofBath was the first of a long series of Arabic scholars of England who http://www.loqmantranslations.com/ArabicFacts/Europeans.html

EUROPEAN TRANSLATORS Home Sitemap Company About us Services Translation Software Localization ... Consulting Translators Forum Translator's Form Translator's Help Contact Us As early as eleventh century Toledo became a center for the transmission of Arabic (Islamic) culture and science to Europe. A number of translators flourished there. Among the scholars, who flocked to it from all over Europe, were Gerard of Cremona (1117- 1187) and John of Seville. Other famous translators were Adelard of Bath, Robert of Chester, Michael Scot, Stephenson of Saragossa, William of Lunis and Philip of Tripoli. The early translations were primarily into Latin and some into Hebrew. Subsequent translations were done from Latin or Hebrew into vernacular languages of Europe.Many translators at Toledo had neither command over the Arabic language nor sufficient knowledge of the subject matter. They translated word for word and, where they failed to understand, Latinized the Arabic words. Under the supervision of Archdeacon Domenico Gundisalvi, and with the cooperation of the Hebrew Johannes ben David, the school of the Archbishop of Toledo rendered into Latin a large number of Arabic works on science and philosophy. Gerard, who reminded Hunayn ibn Ishaq of Toledo, translated into Latin more than seventy Arabic books on different subjects. He was born in 1114 in Cremona, Italy. He went to Toledo, Spain to learn Arabic so he could translate available Arabic works into Latin. Gerard remained there for the rest of his life and died in 1187 in Toledo, Spain (Andalusia). Gerard's name is sometimes written as Gherard. Among his translations were the

44. ~ Be ~ Convinced ~ adelard of bath (an English scholar). AlKhawarizmi left his name to as earlyas l126 by adelard of bath. They were the first Muslim http://www.beconvinced.com/en/article.php?articleid=0068&catid=08&subcatname=Sci

45. Khorezmi Both, Gerard of Cremona and adelard of bath, translators of the works of An annotated version of the translation made by adelard of bath remained the http://www.disc-conference.org/disc2000/mirror/khorezmi/

Information about the word Algorithm 14th International Symposium on DIStributed Computing (DISC 2000) October 4-6, 2000 Toledo, Spain http://www.disc2000.org News Registration Payment ... Jeff Miller The origin of the word 'Algorithm' The word "algorithm" itself is quite interesting; at first glance it may look as though someone intended to write "logarithm" but jumbled up the first four letters. The word did not appear in Webster's New World Dictionary as late as 1957; we find only the older form "algorism" with its ancient meaning, i.e., the process of doing arithmetic using Arabic numerals. In the middle ages, abacists computed on the abacus and algorists computed by algorism. Following the middle ages, the origin of this word was in doubt, and early linguists attempted to guess at its derivation by making combinations like algiros [painful] + arithmos Kitab al jabr w'al'muqabala ("Rules of restoration and reduction"); another word, "algebra," stems from the title of his book, although the book wasn't really very algebraic. Gradually the form and meaning of "algorism" became corrupted; as explained by the Oxford English Dictionary, the word was "erroneously refashioned" by "learned confusion" with the word

46. Books And Articles Referred To In The Note By Menso Folkerts Bruce G. Dickey, adelard of bath An Examination Based on Heretofore Unexamined R. Lorch, Some Remarks on the ArabicLatin Euclid, in adelard of bath. http://www.math.ubc.ca/people/faculty/cass/Euclid/folkerts/refs.html

Books and articles referred to in the note by Menso Folkerts A. Allard al-Khwarizmi R. O. Besthorn et al., Codex Leidensis 399,1. Euclidis Elementa ex interpretatione al-Hadschdschadschii cum commentariis al-Narizii (Copenhagen, 1893-1932). B. Bischoff , in: Mittelalterliche Studien , Bd.3 (Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann, 1981). Sonja Brentjes al-Haggag b. Yusuf b. Matar (zwischen 786 und 833), in: Archive for History of Exact Sciences XLVII (1994) 53-92. Sonja Brentjes , The Relevance of Non-Primary Sources for the Recovery of the Primary Transmission of Euclid's Elements into Arabic, in: Tradition, Transmission, Transformation. Proceedings of Two Conferences on Pre-modern Science held at the University of Oklahoma. Edited by F. J. Ragep and S. R. Ragep with St. Livesey. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1996, pp.201-225. Sonja Brentjes , Additions to Book I in the Arabic Traditions of Euclid's Elements , in XV, no. 1-2, New Series (1997/98) 55-117. H. L. L. Busard , Some Early Adaptations of Euclid's Elements and the Use of its Latin Translations, in: , ed. M. Folkerts and U. Lindgren (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1985), pp.129-164, esp. p.136.

47. Astronomy And Astrology In The Twelfth Century adelard of bath wrote a popular treatise on the astrolabe in about 1149, Daniel of Morley and adelard of bath both quote extensively from it. http://explorers.whyte.com/astrol.htm

Astronomy and Astrology in the 12th century Preface January 1999: I presented this paper at the 6th Irish Conference of Medievalists in Maynooth on 26 June 1992, and put it on-line as an experiment when I first designed the Alliance Party web-site in 1995. It has long since been deleted from its original location, but there has been some interest in it from the on-line community, so here it is again, sadly without any footnotes or references though I hope to change that before too long. Thanks to Marilynn Lawrence for finding it for me. The M Phil dissertation from which this lecture drew, as well as my history of science essays, on the transmission of science Richard of Wallingford Sir Robert Ball , and medieval time-keeping , are now on this site, as are also short notes on the assassination of Domitian and the "Curse of the Presidents" . If you find this useful, please let me know. This page has had visitors since 23 July 1999. Introduction: John of Salisbury If one is looking for an illustrative twelfth-century intellectual, one cannot do much better than John of Salisbury. Book II of his Policraticus is devoted to a general discussion of omens, divination and the philosophical problems of predestination. He makes his distaste for astrologers clear, lumping them in with "practitioners of other trivialities", but it is clear that his difficulties with them were not entirely due to a philosophical disagreement. In chapter 19, he says:

48. Charles Burnett: List Of Publications adelard of bath An English Scientist and Arabist of the Early Twelfth Century, adelard of bath, Conversations with His Nephew On the Same and the http://www.sas.ac.uk/warburg/institute/cburnett.htm

Home Staff Graduate Studies Gateway ... Library Charles Burnett List of Publications Books, and articles over 100 pages long Articles and pamphlets, arranged thematically, and in chronological order within each topic The Arabic-Latin Translators Natural Science and Philosophy ... Addenda (Please note that some diacritical markings are missing) Books, and articles over 100 pages long: 1. Hermann of Carinthia, De essentiis , critical edition, translation and commentary, Leiden, 1982, 385 pp. (reviews in Speculum Cahiers de civilisation médiévale , 28, 1985, p. 685, Mittellateinisches Jahrbuch Deutsches Archiv , 41, 1985, p. 255, Rivista di storia della filosofia Bulletin de théologie ancienne et médiévale , 14, 1989, p. 695). 3. Pseudo-Bede, De mundi celestis terrestrisque constitutione: a Treatise on the Universe and the Soul , edition, translation and commentary, Warburg Institute Surveys and Texts 10, London, 1985. 88 pp. (reviews in

49. TIMELINE 12th CENTURY Page Of ULTIMATE SCIENCE FICTION WEB GUIDE 1111 Questiones Naturales by adelard of bath (born c.1090) is one of the first 1130 adelard of bath studied at Toledo; later to study at Tours, Laon, http://www.magicdragon.com/UltimateSF/timeline12.html

TIMELINE 12th CENTURY Return to Timeline Table of Contents Return to Ultimate SF Table of Contents TIMELINE 12th CENTURY May be posted electronically provided that it is transmitted unaltered, in its entirety, and without charge. We examine both works of fiction and important contemporaneous works on non-fiction which set the context for early Science Fiction and Fantasy. There are hotlinks here to authors, magazines, films, or television items elsewhere in the Ultimate Science Fiction Web Guide or beyond. Most recently updated: 20 April 2003 [Expanded from 37 to 68 kilobytes]. This web page draws heavily on FACTS as listed in " The Timetables of Science Facts were also checked against " The 1979 Hammond Almanac " [ed. Martin A. Bacheller et al., Maplewood, New Jersey, 1978], p.795, and the Wikipedia . It also utilizes facts from Volume I of D.E. Smith's " History of Mathematics " [(c) 1921 by David Eugene Smith; (c) 1951 by May Luse Smith; New York: Dover, 1958]. Executive Summary of the 12th Century Major Books of the Decade 1100-1110 Major Books of the Decade 1110-1120 Major Books of the Decade 1120-1130 ... Where to Go for More : 51 Useful Reference Books Executive Summary of the 12th Century The 12th Century, according to D.E. Smith, "was to Christian Europe what the 9th Century was to the eastern Mohammedan world, a period of

50. Cat-judaica 015517 BERACHYA HANAKDAN; adelard of bath .. Berachya Hanakdan, DodiVe-nechdi ( Uncle Nephew ),. ed. trans. by H.Gollancz, printed in one volume http://www.thorntonsbooks.co.uk/cat-judaica.html

Thornton's Bookshop ( ABA, BA, ILAB, BASEES) Established in Oxford in (Internet and mailorder sales only) Wightwick - Boars Hill Oxford OX1 5DR United Kingdom Member of the Antiquarian Booksellers Association since 1907 Booksellers Association of Great Britain International League of Antiquarian Booksellers Joseph Thornton Index of Book Catalogues An apprentice (1920) talks HOME Deutsch ... Svensk order by e-mail from us at thorntons@booknews.demon.co.uk Judaica also see our other list Jewish studies from Eastern Europe

51. PIMS: Complete Catalogue: Part 1 adelard of bath. The First Latin Translation of Euclid’s Elements Commonly Ascribedto adelard of bath. Edited by HLL Busard. ST 64. 1983; vi, 425 pp. http://www.pims.ca/inprint.html

Academics Administration Library Research ... PART TWO Taking the true measure of scholarship: counting change and balancing books De rerum naturis Montecassino, MS 132, p. 434 (detail) The Institute has over 200 titles in print. In addition to its collections of texts, studies, and translations, as well as the journal Mediaeval Studies Orders ORDERS FROM NORTH AMERICA and from countries outside Europe the convenient PDF order form , list the titles you wish to purchase, and mail or fax it to us. EUROPEAN ORDERS should be addressed to Brepols Publishers Brepols online catalogue for the price and availability of all books published by PIMS and for information on orders Books in Print Complete Catalogue of Publications: PART 1 Except for a small group of unnumbered editions, essays, and monographs, all titles are part of a numbered series. In a few cases, books are assigned a secondary series (such as Monumenta Liturgica Beneventana or Studies in Medieval Moral Teaching) in addition to the principal series (Studies and Texts, for example) to which they belong. This catalogue contains a comprehensive, up-to-date listing of all Institute publications. Browsing and searching the catalogue This is the first of two files that constitutes the entire Publications catalogue. Part 1 here lists all volumes in our series of Studies and Texts (ST) and Mediaeval Sources in Translation (MST).

52. Mathematicians From The Darkages Ages elected to the papacy in 999 AD He was considered as a profound scholar andwrote on astrology, arithmetic and geometry. adelard of bath (1120 AD) http://library.thinkquest.org/27694/Darkages.htm

European Mathematicians of the Dark Ages Boethius (475-524 A.D.) Bede the Venerable (673-735 A.D.) Bede (ca. 673-735), later qualified as Bede the Venerable was born in Northumberland, England, and became one of the greatest of the medieval Church scholars. His numerous writings include some on mathematical subjects, chief of which are his treatises on the calendar and on finger reckoning. Alcuin (735-804 A.D.) Alcuin, born in Yorkshire, was another English scholar. He was called to France to assist Charlemagne in his ambitious educational project. Alcuin wrote on a number of mathematical topics and is doubtfully credited with a collection of puzzle problems that influenced textbook writers for many centuries. Gerbert (950-1003 A.D.) Gerbert was born in Auvergne, France, and early showed unusual abilities. He was one of the first Christians to study in the Moslem schools of Spain, and there is evidence that he may have brought back the Hindu-Arabic numerals, without the zero, to Christian Europe. He is said to have constructed abaci, terrestrial and celestial globes, a clock, and perhaps an organ. Such accomplishments corroborated the suspicions of some of his contemporaries that he had traded his soul to the Devil. Nevertheless, he steadily rose in the Church and was finally elected to the papacy in 999 A.D. He was considered as a profound scholar and wrote on astrology, arithmetic and geometry. Adelard of Bath (1120 A.D.)

53. Islamic World And The Western Renaissance adelard of bath, Peter Abelard, Robert Grossetteste, Alexander of Hales, AlbertusMagnus, The wellknown early 12th century Englishman, adelard of bath, http://www.cyberistan.org/islamic/ghazi1.html

ISLAMIC WORLD AND THE WESTERN RENAISSANCE by Dr. S. M. Ghazanfar Books and E-Books On Muslim History and Civilization While the "occidental-oriental" dichotomy of recent centuries identifies the World of Islam as separate and `Eastern,' that world, is inextricably linked with the West. In general, however, "Westerners - Europeans - have great difficulty in considering the possibility that they are in some way seriously indebted to the Arab [Islamic] world, or that the Arabs [Muslims] were central to the making of medieval Europe" (Maria Menocal, The Arabic Role in Medieval Literary History; 1987; p.xiii). Two notable contemporary exceptions are: Carl Sagan ... , A Guide to the History of Science; Mass.; 1952; pp.27-28). WHO WERE SOME OF THE MEDIEVAL EUROPEAN SCHOLARS INFLUENCED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY THE WRITINGS OF ISLAMIC SCHOLARS? The list is almost endless, but here are a few prominent names: Adelard of Bath, Peter Abelard, Robert Grossetteste, Alexander of Hales, Albertus Magnus, St. Thomas Aquinas, St. Bonaventura, Duns Scotus, Roger Bacon, Marsilius of Padua, Richard of Middleton, Nicholas Oresme, Joannes Buridanus, Siger of Brabant, John Peckham, Henry of Gant, Williams of Occham, Walter Burley, William of Auvergne, Dante Algheri, Blaise Pascal, and numerous others. The well-known early 12th century Englishman, Adelard of Bath, often proudly acknowledged his debt to the Arabs - "trained (as he says) by Arab scientists....I was taught by my Arab masters to be led only by reason, whereas you were taught to follow the halter of the captured image of ancient authority [i.e., authority of the Church]" (

54. Translators Of Scientific Knowledge In The Middle Ages Other famous translators were adelard of bath, Robert of Chester, Michael Scot,Stephenson of Saragossa, William of Lunis and Philip of Tripoli. http://www.cyberistan.org/islamic/Introl3.html

TRANSLATORS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE MIDDLE AGES Dr. A. Zahoor Full Article in the E-Book Books and E-Books On Muslim History and Civilization By the tenth century, the intellectual superiority of the Arabs (Muslims) was recognized in Europe. The first Christian to take up the torch of learning was ... Spain (Andalusia) . Gerard's name is sometimes written as Gherard. Among his translations were the surgical part of Al-Tasrif of Al-zahravi (Albucasis), the Kitab al-Mansuri of AL-Razi (Rhazes) and the Qanun of Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Banu Musa's works, Al-Biruni's commentry on Al-Khawarizmi (after whom concept "Algorithm" is named), the tables of Jabir b. Aflah and Zarqali. John of Seville under the patronage of Raymond translated several works of Avicenna, Qusta Ibn Luqa and Al-Faraghni. More in the E-Book The E-book article contains references to Gundisalvi, Michael Scotus, Robert of Chester, Hermanus Allemanus (Teutonicus), Adelard of Bath, King Henry II, Sicily and Spain, two “baptized Sultans” of Sicily, Roger II and Frederick II, Hohenstaufen, Mirabilis, Constantine, Toledo, Narbonne, Naples, Balogna and Paris. References: George Sarton, "Introduction to the History of Science, Vol. I-III," Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1927-31, also 1950.

55. Arabic-Latin Research Materials From The 1990s: A Provisional List with the medieval Latin translation of adelard of bath, ed. and transl. adelard of bath’, in Aux origines du lexique philosophique européen, ed. http://www.geocities.com/dantestudies/hasse1.html

Click here to return to front page ARABIC-LATIN RESEARCH MATERIALS The following is a list of Arabic-Latin Research Materials published in the 1990s. Having researched it on the Internet, I requested permission from its author, Dr Dag Nikolaus Hasse of Tuebingen University, to place it here. The original document can be found at http://homepages.uni-tuebingen.de/dag-nikolaus.hasse/Forschung.html Editions Albumasar, The abbreviation of The introduction to astrology: together with the medieval Latin translation of Adelard of Bath , ed. and transl. C. Burnett, K. Yamamoto, M. Yano, Leiden/New York, 1994 Albumasar, Liber introductorii maioris ad scientiam judiciorum astrorum , 9 vols, Naples: Instituto Universitario Orientale, 1995-97 Aristoteles, De animalibus: Michael Scot’s Arabic-Latin translation. Part three, books XV-XIX Generation of animals , ed. A. M. I. van Oppenraaij, Leiden/New York, 1992 Aristoteles, De animalibus: Michael Scot’s Arabic-Latin translation. Part two, books XI-XIV: parts of animals , ed. A. M. I. van Oppenraaij, Leiden/Boston/Köln, 1998

56. Medieval Translation Table 2: Arabic Sources Algebra, adelard of bath from Arabic. adelard of bath from Arabic. Robert ofChester from Arabic, early 12th century. 1126. Segovia 1145. Alkindi http://inst.santafe.cc.fl.us/~jbieber/HS/trans2.htm

THE PRINCIPAL SOURCES OF ANCIENT SCIENCE IN WESTERN CHRISTENDOM BETWEEN A.D. 500 AND A.D. 1300 (2) Arabic Sources from c. 1000 Author Work Latin translator and language of original of translation Place and date of Latin translation Jabir in Hayyan corpus (written 9th-10th centuries) Various chemical works from Arabic 12th and 13th centuries Al-Khwarizmi (9th century) Liber Ysagogarum Alchoismi (arithmetic) Astronomical tables (trigonometry) Algebra Adelard of Bath from Arabic Adelard of Bath from Arabic Robert of Chester from Arabic early 12th century Segovia 1145 Alkindi (d. c. De Aspectibus; De Umbris et de Diversitate Aspectuum Gerard of Cremona from Arabic Toledo 12th Century Thabit ibn Qurra (d.901) Liber Charastonis (on the Roman balance) Gerard of Cremona from Arabic Toledo 12th Century Rhazes (d. c. De Aluminibus et Salibus (chemical work) Liber Continens (medical encyclopaedia) Liber Almansoris (medical compilation based on Greek sources) Gerard of Cremona from Arabic Moses Farachi from Arabic Gerard of Cremona from Arabic Toledo 12th century Sicily 1279 Toledo 12th century Alfarabi (d. 950)

57. Medieval Philosophy adelard of bath The Impact of Muslim Science. Locationhttp//www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/adelardbath1.html. This site is located inthe Medieval http://www.providence.edu/dwc/medphilo.htm

Medieval Philosophy Peter Abelard Location: http://www.nd.edu/Departments/Maritain/etext/abelard.htm This site is found at the Jacques Maritain Center, written by William Turner. It presents a very detailed account of his life and accomplishments. The site begins with a comprehensive look at Abelard's youth and how he came to be involved with theology and philosophy. The text then goes on to describe his work. It talks about individual works and topics presented. This article contains much information on the life and work of Peter Abelard. The Jaques Maritain Center is a very dense place which has much useful information. It is a very respectable site. This particular site is also very respectable and would be of much use to any student or faculty that would need to know information about Peter Abelard. Tom Sclazo. Peter Abelard: Historia Calamitatum Location: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/abelard-histcal.html This text is located at the Medieval Sourcebook and is translated by Henry Adams Bellows. It inclues selections from Abelard's Historia Calamitatum , including chapters 2, 4, 6, 8, and 9. These sections are preceded by a lengthy introduction to Peter Abelard including his life and history. This section also includes a brief introduction to the work and, as a whole, attempts to introduce us to Abelard. This site would be very valuable to anyone doing work on Abelard's work. It does not give the entire text, but it gives a fair amount of selections that could at least give much information on the work. This site is also useful for a quick reference of a short biography of Peter Abelard. This site would be very beneficial to anyone needing information on Abelard and especially on his

58. UC Berkeley Medieval Studies: Distinguished Visiting Professorship adelard of bath and Mediterranean Culture in the First Half of the Twelfth Century.Using the Latin writings of adelard of bath (fl. 110249) as its focus, http://ls.berkeley.edu/dept/medieval/NewFiles/visitor.html

Home Notices Overview Joint PhD ... Mailing List UC Berkeley Program in Medieval Studies D istinguished Visiting Professorship The Committee on Medieval Studies traditionally hosts a Distinguished Visiting Professor who is in residence for either the fall or the spring semester and who offers both an upper-division course and a graduate seminar in his or her specialty. Normally this is a preeminent senior scholar whose permanent residence is outside the United States. The distinguished Visitng Professor in 2003-2004 is Charles Burnett. CCharles Burnett is Professor of the History of Islamic Influences in Europe at the Warburg Institute, University of London. For a list of publications see: http: www.sas.ac.uk/warburg/institute/cburnett.htm Charles Burnett offers the following courses: Medival Studies 150. Studies in Medieval Culture. The Influence of Arabic/Islamic Culture on Europe in the Middle Ages. This course deals with the historical contacts between Christendom and Islam, the translation of scientific works from Arabic into Latin, European knowledge of the Islamic religion and the culture of mixed religious communities of Toledo, Palermo, and Antioch. Medieval Studies 250. Seminar in Medieval Culture.

59. 1126: Information From Answers.com In the year 1126 Astronomy adelard of bath translates Astronomical Tables byAlKhwarizmi from the Arabic. http://www.answers.com/topic/1126

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping In the year Astronomy Adelard of Bath translates Astronomical Tables by Al-Khwarizmi from the Arabic. About this time he also translates Al-Khwarizmi's Liber ysagogarum alchorismi ("introduction of algorism"), a work about arithmetic. See also 1111 Astronomy 1142 Mathematics Tools The first artesian well in Europe is drilled. In China, artesian wells are known before the common era. Wikipedia @import url(http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/css/common.css); @import url(http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/css/gnwp.css); Years: Decades Centuries 11th century 12th century ... 13th century Events January March - In Sung , scholars and farmers demonstrated around Kaifeng and asked for the restoration of a probity military official, Li Gang Rutherglen becomes one of the first Royal Burghs in Scotland Establishment of the Second Chin Dynasty in the north of China with the Sung Dynasty 's loss at the Huang He river valley.

60. 1111: Information From Answers.com In the year 1111 Communication Questiones naturales by adelard of bath b.Bath, England, c. 1090, d. http://www.answers.com/topic/1111

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping In the year Communication Questiones naturales by Adelard of Bath [b. Bath, England, c. 1090, d. c. 1150] is an early attempt at scientific method and covers some of the scientific topics Adelard has learned from the Arabs meteorology, optics, acoustics, and botany. About this time Adelard also writes Rules of the Abacus and Usage of the Astrolabium. See also 1020 Communication 1126 Astronomy Wikipedia @import url(http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/css/common.css); @import url(http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/css/gnwp.css); Years: Decades Centuries 11th century 12th century ... 13th century Events The Synod of Rathbreasail marked the transition of the Irish church from a monastic to a diocesan one Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Paschal II Baldwin VII becomes Count of Flanders Births Deaths March 3 Bohemund I prince of Antioch Abu Hamid Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Ghazali , muslim theologian Robert II of Flanders This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see

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