1. Abu_Kamil Biography of abu kamil shuja (850930) abu kamil shuja is sometimes known asal-Hasib al-Misri, meaning the calculator from Egypt. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Abu_Kamil.html

Abu Kamil Shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja Born: about 850 in (possibly) Egypt Died: about 930 Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Version for printing Abu Kamil Shuja is sometimes known as al-Hasib al-Misri, meaning the calculator from Egypt. Very little is known about Abu Kamil's life - perhaps even this is an exaggeration and it would be more honest to say that we have no biographical details at all except that he came from Egypt and we know his dates with a fair degree of certainty. The Fihrist (Index) was a work compiled by the bookseller Ibn an-Nadim around 988. It gives a full account of the Arabic literature which was available in the 10 th century and it describes briefly some of the authors of this literature. The Fihrist includes a reference to Abu Kamil and among his works listed there are: (i) Book of fortune, (ii) Book of the key to fortune, (iii) Book on algebra, (vi) Book on surveying and geometry, (v) Book of the adequate, (vi) Book on omens

2. Abu_Kamil Biography of abu kamil shuja (850930) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. References For Abu_Kamil References for the biography of abu kamil shuja. M Levey, Some notes on thealgebra of abu kamil shuja, a fusion of Babylonian and Greek algebra, http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Abu_Kamil.html

References for Abu Kamil Shuja Version for printing Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Books: W Hartner, Abu Kamil Shuja, Encylopedia of Islam (Leiden, 1960). M Levey, The "Algebra" of Abu Kamil (Madison, 1966). R Rashed, The development of Arabic mathematics : between arithmetic and algebra (London, 1994). R Rashed, (Paris, 1984). Articles: M Levey, Some notes on the algebra of Abu Kamil Shuja, a fusion of Babylonian and Greek algebra, Enseignement Math. R Lorch, Abu Kamil on the pentagon and decagon, Vestigia mathematica P Schub and M Levey, Indeterminate problems of Abu Kamil (850-930), Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis. Mat. Natur. Sez. Ia J Sesiano, Le Kitab al-Misaha d'Abu Kamil, Centaurus Vestigia mathematica (Amsterdam, 1993), 315-452. Centaurus S Shalhub, The calculations and algebra of abu Kamil Shuja ibn Aslam and his effects on the work of al-Karaji and on the work of Leonardo Fibonacci (Arabic), in (Tunis, 1990), A23-A39. M Yadegari, The use of mathematical induction by Abu Kamil Shuja ibn Aslam (850-930)

4. Abu_Kamil Biography of abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja (850930) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. The Moral Minority :: Persona Information For Abu Kamil Shuja Ibn Aslam Ibn Muha I AM abu kamil shuja, THE EGYPTIAN MATHEMATICIAN! links, abu kamil shuja ibnAslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja. stats, total threads 12 total replies 54 http://www.moralminority.org/persona.phtml?pid=243

6. References For Abu_Kamil References for the biography of abu kamil shuja http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. The Moral Minority :: Thread #1026 abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja (68.921% quality rating; reply50 of 54). HELLO MY FRIEND! abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn http://www.moralminority.org/thread.phtml?tid=1026&nr=5

8. Islam, Knowledge, And Science Abu Kamil alShuja' discussed algebraic equations with five unknowns. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Untitled abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja tex2html_wrap_inline191 AbuKamil Shuja is sometimes known as al Hasib and he worked on integer http://www.math.tamu.edu/~don.allen/history/arab/arab.html

Next: About this document Arab Contributions Within a century of Muhammad's conquest of Mecca, Islamic armies conquered lands from northern Africa, southern Europe, through the Middle East and east up to India. Within a century of that the Caliphate split up into several parts. The eastern segment, under the Abbasid caliphs, became a center of growth, of luxury, and of peace. In 766 the caliph al-Mansur founded his capitol in Baghdad and the caliph Harun al-Rashid, established a library. The stage was set for his successor, Al-Ma'mum. In the 9 century Al-Ma'mum established Baghdad as the new center of wisdom and learning. He establihed a research institute, the Bayt al-Hikma (House of Wisdom), which would last more than 200 years. Al-Ma'mum was responsible for a large scale translation project of as many ancient works as could be found. Greek manuscripts were obtained through treaties. By the end of the century, the major works of the Greeks had been translated. In addition, they learned the mathematics of the Babylonnians and the Hindus. What follows is a brief introduction to a few of the more prominent Arab mathematicians, and a sample of their work

10. The Time Of Al-razi 165, 1902). ABU KAMIL abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Mohammed ibn Shuja alhasib al-Misri, i. e., the Egyptian calculator. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. The Time Of Al-razi abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Mohammed ibn Shuja alhasib al-Misri, ie, theEgyptian calculator. He originated from Egypt and flourished after al-Khwarizmi, http://www.levity.com/alchemy/islam15.html

History of Islamic Science 4 Based on the book Introduction to the History of Science by George Sarton (provided with photos and portraits) Edited and prepared by Prof. Hamed A. Ead These pages are edited by Prof. Hamed Abdel-reheem Ead, Professor of Chemistry at the Faculty of Science -University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt and director of the Science Heritage Center E-mail: ead@frcu.eun.eg Web site: http://www.frcu.eun.eg/www/universities/html/hamed2.htm Back to Islamic Alchemy The Time of Al-Mas'udi First Half of Tenth Century The overwhelming superiority of Muslim culture continued to be felt throughout the tenth century. Indeed, it was felt more strongly than over, not only the foremost men of science were Muslims, but also because cultural influences are essentially cumulative. By the beginning, or at any rate by the middle of the century, the excellence of muslim science was already so well established, even in the West, that each new arabic work benefited to some extent by the prestige pertaining to all. To be sure, other languages, such as Latin, Greek, or Hebrew were also used by scholars, but the works written in those languages contained nothing new, and in the field of science, as in any other, when one ceases to go forward, one already begins to go backward. All the new discoveries and the new thoughts were published in arabic. strangely enough, the language of the Qur'an had thus become the international vehicle of scientific progress. The development of Muslim culture was fostere in Spain by the eighth Umayyad caliph of the west, Abd al-Rahman II, the advances of Muslim science continued to take place almost extensively in the east.

12. Within A Century Of Muhammad's Conquest Of Mecca, Islamic Armies Other Arab mathematicians abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja Born about 850 in (possibly) Egypt Died about 930 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Timeline Of Islamic Science And Technology - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia 850 930 mathematics born Abu Kamil of Egypt (full name, abu kamil shuja ibnAslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja) Forms an important link in the development of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Islamic_science_and_technology

Wikimedia needs your help in its 21-day fund drive. See our fundraising page Over $125,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August. Thank you for your generosity! Timeline of Islamic science and technology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Contents General remarks Timeline of Islamic science and technology VIIth century VIIIth century ... edit General remarks All year dates are given in the Gregorian calendar except where noted. edit Timeline of Islamic science and technology edit VIIth century edit VIIIth century - [petroleum; civil engineering] The streets of the newly constructed Baghdad are paved with tar , coming from the petroleum that oozes in natural oil fields in the region. - [cosmetics] Ziriyab (Blackbird) starts a beauty institute in Spain. - [] Al-Ama'i, Zoology, Botany, Animal Husbandry. - [mathematics] Al-Khwarizmi (latinized name, Algorizm). Developed the " calculus of resolution and juxtaposition" (hisab al-jabr w'al-muqabala), more briefly refered to as al-jabr, or algebra . [1] gives an idea on the utility of this development: "Algebra was a unifying theory which allowed rational numbers irrational numbers geometrical magnitudes , etc., to all be treated as "algebraic objects". It gave

14. Education World - *Math Mathematicians General Resources Abbe Ernst Abel Niels Henrik Abraham bar Hiyya Abraham de Moivre (1667 1754) . AbrahamMax . abu kamil shuja Ackermann Wilhelm http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. User:Gerritholl/mathematicians - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia bar Hiyya Max Abraham - abu kamil shuja - al_Khazin Abu Jafar - Abu l-Wafa Lev Kaluznin - Kamalakara - al-Farisi Kamal - Kamil Abu Shuja - Egbert http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Gerritholl/mathematicians

Wikimedia needs your help in its 21-day fund drive. See our fundraising page Over $125,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August. Thank you for your generosity! User:Gerritholl/mathematicians From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. User:Gerritholl edit Mathematicians Ernst Abbe Niels Henrik Abel Abraham bar Hiyya Max Abraham ... Antoni Zygmund Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Gerritholl/mathematicians Views User page Discussion Edit this page History Personal tools Create account / log in Navigation Main Page Community portal Current events Recent changes ... Donations Search Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages ... Permanent link This page was last modified 01:33, 19 August 2005. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License (see for details). About Wikipedia

16. THE ROLE OF ASTRONOMY IN ISLAM Abu Kamil alShuja' discussed algebraic equations with five unknowns. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. Egypt Math Web Sites 3 abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja abu kamil shuja is sometimesknown as al Hasib and he worked on integer solutions of equations. http://showcase.netins.net/web/rmozzer/Egypt.html

Egypt math web sites Serenus Born: about 300 in Antinoupolis, Egypt Died: about 360. Serenus wrote On the Section of a Cylinder and On the Section of a Cone . He also wrote a commentry on Apollonius's Conics which is lost. Ahmed ibn Yusuf Born: 835 in Baghdad (now in Iraq) Died: 912 in Cairo, Egypt. Ahmed ibn Yusuf wrote on ratio and proportion and it was translated into Latin by Gherard of Cremona. The book is largely a commentary on, and expansion of, Book 5 of Euclid's Elements . Ahmed ibn Yusuf also gave methods to solve tax problems which appear in Fibonacci's Liber Abaci . He was also quoted by Bradwardine, Jordanus and Pacioli. Abu Kamil Shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja Born: about 850 in (possibly) Egypt. Died: about 930. Abu Kamil Shuja is sometimes known as al'Hasib and he worked on integer solutions of equations. He also gave the solution of a fourth degree equation and of a quadratic equation with irrational coefficients. Abu Kamil's work was the basis of Fibonacci's books. He lived later than al'Khwarizmi and his biggest advance was in the use of irrational coefficients. Theon of Alexandria Born: about 335 in (possibly) Alexandria, Egypt. Died: about 395. Theon was the father of Hypatia and worked in Alexandria as a professor of mathematics and astronomy. He produced commentaries on many works such as Ptolemy's Almagest and works of Euclid. Theon was a competent but unoriginal mathematician. Theon's version of Euclid's Elements (with textual changes and some additions) was the only Greek text of the Elements known, until an earlier one was discovered in the Vatican in the late 19

18. Egypt Math Web Sites 3 abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja Born about 850 in (possibly) Egypt. Died about 930. abu kamil shuja is sometimes known as http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. 6 CHALHOUB, S. Algebraische methoden für die Lôsung von geometrischen Aufgabenbei abu kamil shujac ibn Aslam alHasib, special session of Section 3 islamic http://www.ashm.ass.dz/cahier8f/collo8f.htm

6 . Colloques 6. 1. XXe Congrés International d’histoire des Sciences (Liège, Belgique, 20-26/12/1997). Les communications suivantes liées à l’histoire des mathématiques arabes ont été présentés: ABALLAGH M. : L’influence des écrits mathématiquesd’Ibn al-Banna sur les mathématiciens égyptiens de l’empire ottoman, Symposium sur Science, Technology and Industry in the Ottoman World (SU7). (Org.) A. Djebbar et B. Ihsanoglu. ANSARI, S.M.R: The Mathematicien Family of Ahmad Mamar and their Works, Special session of Section 3: Islamic science and technology in Arabic-speaking countries, Central Asia and India, Org.S.M.P. Ansari. BAGHERI, M. : Discovery of a New Letterof al-Kashi, Symposium Science and Technology in anciens and medieval Iran, (Org.) J.P. Hogendijk et M. Bagheri. BELLOSTA, A.: Quelques lectures arabes des Données d’Euclide. Symposium sur The East and the West (S.M.19), Org.: A. Allard, R. Rashed et C. Sasaki. BEN MILED, A.M.: Le Livre X des Eléments d’Euclide dans la tradition arabe, Symposium sur The East and the West (S.M.), Org.: A. Allard, R. Rashed et C. Sasaki. BERGGREN, J.L.: Minor Geometrical Works of al-Kuhi: a Historical and Mathematical Survey, Symposium Science and Technology in ancient and medieval Iran, (Org.) J.P. Hogendijk and M. Bagheri.

20. Biography Of Abu Kamil 2 supps. New York Charles Scribner's Sons, 19701990. S.v. "abu kamil shuja ibn Aslam Ibn Muhammad Ibn Shuja" by Martin Levey. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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