61. The Taxonomy Of Logical Fallacies A taxonomy of all of the logical fallacies listed in the Fallacy Files, based upon the subfallacy relationship. http://www.fallacyfiles.org/taxonomy.html

The Taxonomy of Logical Fallacies Beginning with Aristotle, the first logician to name fallacies, most logicians who have studied fallacies have classified them into types . Aristotle classified his list of fallacies into two types: Linguistic: Those which depend on language. Non-linguistic: Those which do not depend on language. Subsequent logicians have usually extended Aristotle's classification by subdividing the second, non-linguistic, category into, for instance, fallacies of relevance and fallacies of presumption. However, most such classifications have remained relatively "flat", with all fallacies on the same level, but a flat classification does not do justice to the complexity of the logical relations between different fallacies. In recent years, some logicians have begun to make use of the notion of a subfallacy , that is, a fallacy which is a specific version of a more general fallacy. A subfallacy has whatever features the more general fallacy has, together with specific features which set it apart and make it worth naming in its own right. Logical Fallacy Appeal to Celebrity is a subfallacy of Appeal to Misleading Authority, which is itself a subfallacy of the Genetic Fallacy. This means that Appeal to Celebrity is a

62. Biology 301 Home - Spring 2008 taxonomy of Flowering Plants Biology 301 Spring 2008 Please note that all labs WILL meet the first week of the semester. http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/tfp/tfphome1.html

Taxonomy of Flowering Plants Biology 301 Spring 2008 Please note that all labs WILL meet the first week of the semester. Watch this page for information about the new semester. The links below will be updated frequently, so be sure to check back. Lecture Syllabus Laboratory Syllabus Lecture Notes Laboratory Overview ... Herbarium , Department of Biology . These pages and local linked content have been developed in part with support from the and prior funding from the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board Please bookmark the course mirror site: http://www.bio.tamu.edu/courses/biol301/tfphome1.html Last updated: January 14, 2008

63. Taxonomy BirdLife International maintains its own taxonomic list of all the world s bird species because there are so many different global, regional, national, http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/taxonomy.html

@import url(../../styles.css); Tips Data Zone only Home Home About BirdLife Our Vision ... BirdLife Species Champions appeal Donate to this groundbreaking initiative so that together we can turn the tide on bird extinctions. Home Data Zone Search for Species BirdLife and taxonomy BirdLife International maintains its own taxonomic checklist of the world's bird species because (1) there are so many different global, regional, national, site and family taxonomic checklists, and (2) the current major phase of taxonomic revision requires BirdLife to track and evaluate new arrangements as they are proposed; thus there is an urgent and sustained need to resolve the taxonomic rank of many taxa. In undertaking this work, BirdLife does not pretend to be an authority on the taxonomic status of the world’s birds (and indeed does not have the resources or aspiration to become this) but rather seeks to set a globally consistent taxonomic standard relevant to establishing conservation priorities through, for example, identifying globally threatened bird species, Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) and Important Bird Areas (IBAs). BirdLife’s guiding principles are: Application of the Biological Species Concept. BirdLife accepts that a considerable percentage of the global avifauna, notably in Asia, requires reassessment as a result of being ‘over lumped’, but does not adopt the Phylogenetic Species Concept (PSC). This is partly because there is no agreed, standard world list based on the PSC and it may be many years before there will be one, and partly because BirdLife is unpersuaded by some of the underlying concepts and arguments.

64. Definition: Taxonomy From Online Medical Dictionary taxonomy. zoology The theories and techniques of naming, describing, and classifying organisms, the study of the relationships of taxa,including http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?taxonomy

65. TA Tips: Bloom's Taxonomy Benjamin Bloom created this taxonomy for categorizing level of abstraction of questions that commonly occur in education settings. The taxonomy provides a http://learningandteaching.dal.ca/bloom.html

Bloom's Taxonomy* Benjamin Bloom created this taxonomy for categorizing level of abstraction of questions that commonly occur in education settings. The taxonomy provides a useful structure in which to categorize test questions, since professors will characteristically ask questions within particular levels, and if you can determine the levels of questions that will appear on your exams, you will be able to study using appropriate strategies. Competence Skills Demonstrated Knowledge observation and recall of information knowledge of dates, events, places knowledge of major ideas mastery of subject matter Question Cues: list, define, tell, describe, identify, show, label, collect, examine, tabulate, quote, name, who, when, where, etc. Comprehension understanding information grasp meaning translate knowledge into new context interpret facts, compare, contrast order, group, infer causes predict consequences Question Cues: summarize, describe, interpret, contrast, predict, associate, distinguish, estimate, differentiate, discuss, extend Application use information use methods, concepts, theories in new situations

66. DBTBS taxonomy. phylum, color, No. of species. Actinobacteria, orange, 10. Chlamydiae, yellow, 6. Cyanobacteria, green, 3. Firmicutes, red http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/taxonomy.html

TAXONOMY phylum color No. of species Actinobacteria Chlamydiae Cyanobacteria Firmicutes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes othres TOTAL mark meaning It doesn't have orthologous gene. It has orthologous gene. It has orthologous gene and cis-element like sequence at the promoter region. phylum order species KEGG COG Actinobacteria Actinobacteridae Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705 blo Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 cgl Cgl Corynebacterium efficiens YS-314 cef Mycobacterium leprae TN mle Mle Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551, clinical strain mtc MtC Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, laboratory strain mtu Mtu Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) sco Streptomyces avermitilis sma Tropheryma Tropheryma whipplei Twist twh Tropheryma whipplei TW08/27 tws Aquificae Aquificales Aquifex aeolicus VF5 aae Aae Bacteroidetes Bacteroides (class) Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 bth Chlamydiae Chlamydiales Chlamydia muridarum (Chlamydia trachomatis MoPn) cmu Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D ctr Ctr Chlamydophila caviae GPIC cca Chlamydophila pneumoniae AR39 cpa Chlamydophila pneumoniae CWL029 cpn Cpn Chlamydophila pneumoniae J138 cpj Chlorobi Chlorobia Chlorobium tepidum TLS cte Cyanobacteria Chroococcales Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

67. Center For Teaching Excellence - Bloom's Taxonomy An effective way for teachers to replace literal questions with critical thinking questions involves the use of BLOOM S taxonomy OF THINKING. http://www.stedwards.edu/cte/bloomtax.htm

Quick Links Athletics BlackBoard Campus Ministry Campus Stores Computing Help EdWeb Giving to SEU Jobs at SEU Library Professional Ed. Ctr. Student Life Theatre St. Edward's University Center for Teaching Excellence Bloom's Taxonomy About Us Service Learning Resources Browse Resources ... Task-Oriented Question Construction Wheel (This is a PDF document. To best view the document, open it, and then click on the "Rotate Clockwise" button on the toolbar.) Effective Questioning Techniques Material for this page was adapted, with permission, from Eanes, Dr. Robin, Content Area Literacy: Teaching for Today and Tomorrow , Chapter 5, 1997, Wadsworth Publishing, ISBN# 0-8273-5954-3 . Permission to use this material may be requested from the publisher at http://www.thomsonrights.com/grant/index.html Developing Higher-Order Questions Because faculty tend to "teach the way we were taught," literal-level questions are typically overused. Therefore, even when assessing student learning, instructors should avoid literal-level questions in favor of those requiring higher-order thinking. Student responses to critical thinking questions reveal the extent of their literal understanding of the facts.

68. Ten Taxonomy Myths Discussion of 10 taxonomy myths, created in part by the multidisciplinary nature of the task and the hype surrounding content management technologies. http://www.montague.com/review/myths.html

Search Related articles Economics and ABCs of indexes Integrating enterprise and specialized taxonomies Introduction to business taxonomies Standards, ROI, information life cycle, Vivisimo ... Upstream knowledge management See also additional complimentary full text articles Save to Del.icio.us Save to Slashdot Also available in Ten taxonomy myths November, 2002 Taxonomies have recently emerged from the quiet backwaters of biology, book indexing, and library science into the corporate limelight. They are supposed to be the silver bullets that will help users find the needle in the intranet haystack, reduce "friction" in electronic commerce, facilitate scientific research, and promote global collaboration. But before this can happen, practitioners need to dispel the myths and confusion, created in part by the multi-disciplinary nature of the task and the hype surrounding content management technologies. What is a "taxonomy?"

69. DELTA - DEscription Language For TAxonomy DELTA (DEscription Language for taxonomy) is a flexible format for encoding taxonomic descriptions for computer processing. http://delta-intkey.com/

The DELTA format (DEscription Language for TAxonomy) is a flexible method for encoding taxonomic descriptions for computer processing. DELTA-format data can be used to produce natural-language descriptions, conventional or interactive keys, cladistic or phenetic classifications, and information-retrieval systems. Overview of the DELTA System Programs and documentation Support and discussion: the DELTA-L mailing list Methodology of interactive keys and descriptive databases ... Printing files obtained from this site Search WWW Search delta-intkey.com Biodiversity and Biological Collections

70. Assessment Cyberguide For Learning Goals And Outcomes Presents the latest revision of Bloom s taxonomy. Using the New Bloom s taxonomy to Design Meaningful Learning Assessments Kevin Smythe Jane Halonen http://www.apa.org/ed/new_blooms.html

(TOPSS) Teachers of Psychology in Secondary Schools (PT@CC) Psychology ... Reports APPLYING ASSESSMENT STRATEGIES IN PSYCHOLOGY Using the New Bloom's Taxonomy to Design Meaningful Learning Assessments YAAWYNNN. Oh no, that dreaded signal that students give to let you know they aren't engaged in the learning that you have planned. To reduce disengagement, teachers move beyond lecture in search of new ways to engage students in the learning process. Engaging students requires mechanisms that increase class participation and facilitate higher-order learning. The purpose of this segment is to provide teachers with some tools for promoting higher-order learning. Developing higher-order thinking skills in students is not an easy task. Historically, teachers have looked to Bloom's Taxonomy (1956) for assistance. Bloom's model divided thinking skills into lower-order and higher-order knowledge. The early taxonomy began with knowledge, understanding, and application as lower level skills and cast higher level skills as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. Bloom's Taxonomy Revisited Although Bloom's Taxonomy proved useful to teachers and students alike, recent decades gave rise to numerous criticisms, implying that the model was out of date. These criticisms included concerns with setting applicability, contemporary language, and process conceptualization. More recently, Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) have adapted Bloom's model to fit the needs of today's classroom by employing more outcome-oriented language, workable objectives, and changing nouns to active verbs (see "stairs" below). Most notably

71. LexisNexis Taxonomy LexisNexis, the research expert, offers a solution for organizing your company’s information and knowledge using one of the most accurate classification http://www.lexisnexis.com/taxonomy/

Sign on to your service LexisNexis at lexis.com Nexis LexisNexis by Credit Card Academic Accurint Analyzer Anti-Money Laundering Solutions atVantage Automated Forms Collection Solutions Congressional Corporate Legal CourtLink CourtLink Strategic Profiles Daily Opinion Service Development Pro Environmental Europe Web Product Express Screening Full Service Screening Gov Periodicals Index InstantID Insurance Compliance Insurance Solutions Intranet Solutions Law Schools Law Enforcement Solutions lexisONE MarketImpact Martindale-Hubbell Matthew Bender Online Mealey's Free Legal News Mealey's Online PowerInvoice Primary Sources in U.S. History Professional Development Center Publisher Risk Management Solutions RiskWise Scholastic Edition State Capital Statistical Tax Center Telnet Connection Total Litigator Vendor Screening Home Taxonomy LexisNexis, the research expert, offers a solution for organizing We use it on our own services. augments nexis.com as well as LexisNexis Company Dossier, LexisNexis Publisher and a variety of customized solutions through the classification of: 2,500 English Industry terms

72. Primate Taxonomy In the last lecture I introduced the general ideas of evolution and taxonomy. Now it s time to look at how this relates to the evolution of humans. http://www.leeds.ac.uk/chb/lectures/anthl_08.html

Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds These pages have been left in this location as a service to the numerous websites around the world which link to this content. The original authors are no longer at the University of Leeds, and the former Centre for Human Biology became the School of Biomedical Sciences which is now part of the Faculty of Biological Sciences Primate Taxonomy Dr. Bill Sellers Introduction In the last lecture I introduced the general ideas of evolution and taxonomy. Now it's time to look at how this relates to the evolution of humans. (# slide of geological time scale) To some extent, factors shaping human evolution started back at the creation of the universe. Certainly, the origin of the earth is important, as is the first life appearing on it. From there, we have the origin of complex single celled organisms (protozoa), then multi-celled organisms (metazoa), animals with backbones (vertebrates), first land vertebrates, and even mammals. Traditionally, however, we limit the study of human evolution to the study of just our own mammalian order: that of the primates (order primata The aim of this lecture is to discuss what a primate is, and to introduce you to the range of primates present in the world today. I will show you some pictures, but I don't expect you to remember all the names, and you certainly won't be asked to identify any of these animals in an exam, but an appreciation of the wide variation in these animals is essential for when we come on to discuss how they, and consequently how we might have evolved.

73. HORTAX - The Horticultural Taxonomy Group Gives the history of HORTAX, an association of taxonomists and horticulturists interested in the classification and nomenclature of cultivated plants, http://www.hortax.org.uk/

The Horticultural Taxonomy Group Welcome to our Web pages. HORTAX, formed in 1988, is a small committee of plant taxonomists and horticulturists based in the British Isles with a professional interest in the classification and nomenclature of cultivated plants. Members of HORTAX History and Achievements of HORTAX The Names of Garden Plants - a brief outline of how cultivated plants are named Plant Names - a guide for Horticulturists, Nurserymen, Gardeners and Students ... Related Web Resources 2001-2008 The Horticultural Taxonomy Group - Contact us Hosted by International Society for Horticultural Science

74. Gordon's Introduction To The Classification Of Insects Welcome to the Wonders of Insect taxonomy and Classification The insects being such a large class of organisms their taxonomy and hence their http://www.earthlife.net/insects/classtax.html

Have you seen the The Amazing World of Birds Yet Key to the Orders of Insects Welcome to the Wonders of Insect Taxonomy and Classification News Flash A New Insect Order Is Discovered There is much excitement in the entomological world at the momement as a new order of insects has just been discovered. To find out more visit the National Geographic news page. Firstly have you ever thought about why we name things at all? If you have you probably realised pretty quickly that names are very important for talking to, and communicating with other people. They allow you to give the other person quite allot of information about the animal or even plant that you are talking about. However not everybody uses the same name for the same animal. For instance slaters, cheesybugs and woodlice are all different names for the same animal in different parts of the world. Because common names can vary so much a scientist called Carl Linnaeus suggested in the 1750's that an international way of naming things be set up so that scientists all over the world could understand each other better. Read more about Carl Linnaeus Since then his original binomial (double name) system has been improved by a number of other scientists, and now you can use the proper scientific name for an animal anywhere in the world and other scientists will know what you are talking about.

75. Systema Naturae 2000 An upto-date historical cross-referenced classification of life based on original authorative scientific literature. http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/

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76. Biology 211: Taxonomy Of Flowering Plants An introduction to the principles and practice of flowering plant taxonomy. Emphasis is placed on acquiring the facility to use appropriate terminology in http://www.colby.edu/info.tech/BI211/Bio211.html

An introduction to the principles and practice of flowering plant taxonomy. Emphasis is placed on acquiring the facility to use appropriate terminology in order to identify plants, as well as understanding the historical context and investigative procedures of taxonomists in designing a classification. Of particular importance is gaining an understanding of the philosophical bases in taxonomy and the relevance of this field to other areas of biology. Course Objectives: Learn vegetative and reproductive features and terminology that are useful in the identification of flowering plants. Gain ability to use published keys for the identification of flowering plants. Learn to recognize some of the common and unusual families of flowering plants in Maine Understand the principles of plant taxonomy, including evolutionary trends, patterns of speciation, biogeography, and floral biology. Gain an understanding of the relationships between evolutionary mechanisms, evolutionary history, and the classification of organisms. Develop an ability to critically examine the extent to which a classification system reflects relationships between organisms.

77. Taxonomy: What's In A Name? It was later renamed Linnaea borealis by Gronovius, in honor of Linneaus contribution to the fledging science of taxonomy the system of identifying, http://palmm.fcla.edu/lfnh/currmat/Taxonomy.html

Linking Florida's Natural Heritage Taxonomy: What's In a Name? Have you ever thought about why we name things at all? If you have, you probably realized that names are very important for communicating information to others. If we all created our own names for plants or animals, we'd have no clue what anyone else was talking about. What about rolly-poly bugs? People in others areas may think of them as pill bugs or sow bugs. In the United States, we call both black vultures and turkey vultures buzzards. But in the United Kingdom, what they call buzzards are all the broad-winged hawks. Inconsistencies like these led to the creation of a system of naming things that allows scientists all over the world to communicate more precisely. Image courtesy of the Linnean Society of London Swedish Naturalist Carl Linnaeus, 1707-1778 A man named Linnaeus came up with this system of describing and naming new species. Before Linnaeus' time, multiple common names weren't the only problem. Biologists described species with long, unwieldy Latin names. For example, the common wild briar rose was called Rosa sylvestris inodora seu canina by some and Rosa sylvestris alba cum rubore, folio glabro

78. Blooms Taxonomy Each level of Bloom s original taxonomy has been restated for clarity and simplification. Examples of appropriate questions or directives are given to http://www.ops.org/reading/blooms_taxonomy.html

Teachers' Corner Comprehension: Bloom's Taxonomy Reading Services Center PURPOSE To apply Bloom's theory of developing higher levels of thought processes to everyday classroom reading. EXPLANATION Many students are directed to read narrative or expository selections for classroom assignments for the purpose of answering factual questions. This type of reading for literal comprehension is often emphasized because of the ease and equity of evaluation. The emphasis is limiting because many students do not develop a personal attachment to books they read. They do not see reading as a bridge to their imaginations, a way to understand how others live their lives, or a method to gain self-understanding and evaluation. Questions that teachers ask can direct the students to the realization that reading has a greater and more diverse purpose than just the simple recall of facts. If this can be accomplished, it is likely that students will place a higher value on reading, continue to turn to it for pleasure and as a resource, and will establish it as a life-long habit. PROCEDURE For any assigned reading selection, develop questions that reflect the progression of thinking and responding from the literal level to the evaluative. Not all levels need to be developed for every selection. Consider a range that will lead the student to the greater purpose of reading.

79. Gyongyi, Zoltan; Garcia-Molina, Hector: Web Spam Taxonomy Web Spam taxonomy. Technical Report, Stanford University, 2004 Web spamming refers to actions intended to mislead search engines and give some pages higher http://dbpubs.stanford.edu/pub/2004-25

Category Value Available via http://dbpubs.stanford.edu/pub/2004-25 Next version(s) Submitted on 8th of April 2004 Author Gyongyi, Zoltan; Garcia-Molina, Hector Title Web Spam Taxonomy Date of publication March 2004 Citation Gyongyi, Zoltan; Garcia-Molina, Hector. Web Spam Taxonomy. Technical Report, Stanford University, 2004 Number of pages Language English Project Digital Libraries Type Technical Report Subject group Digital Libraries Abstract Web spamming refers to actions intended to mislead search engines and give some pages higher ranking than they deserve. Recently, the amount of web spam has increased dramatically, leading to a degradation of search results. This paper presents a comprehensive taxonomy of current spamming techniques, which we believe can help in developing appropriate countermeasures. Keywords web search, web spam Fulltext source Postscript ( ps ps.gz ps.zip PDF ( pdf pdf.gz pdf.zip Management of the document by ... Stanford InfoLab Publication Server

80. Vas's M.Phil Chapter 7 Taxonomy Discussions of past classification systems and development of a new one. http://www.gigaflop.demon.co.uk/comp/chapt7.htm

Parallel Computer Taxonomy Preface to the on-line version This document is chapter 7 of my MPhil thesis. Parallel Computer Taxonomy, Wasel Chemij, MPhil, Aberystwyth University, 1994 It explains various published parallel computer taxonomies, and introduces a new one based on how I saw the field developing. At the moment there are only a few chapters is on line so apologies for any cross references to other chapters. To see the formulae later on in this page your browser should display mathematical symbols correctly. If you see 'N' to the power of 'a half' on the next line N then the formulea are being shown correctly. Home Aberystwyth Heanor Computing ... Help 7 Taxonomy 7.1 Flynn's Taxonomy 7.1.1 SISD Machine 7.1.2 SIMD Machine 7.1.3 MISD Machine 7.1.4 MIMD Machine 7.1.5 Extensions to Flynn's Taxonomy 7.2 Handler's Classification 7.3 Shore's Taxonomy 7.3.1 Type-I 7.3.2 Type-II 7.3.3 Type-III 7.3.4 Type-IV 7.3.5 Type-V 7.3.6 Type-VI 7.5 Towards a New Taxonomy 7.5.1 Performance 7.5.1.1 Clock Speed

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