1. Paleobotany - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia paleobotany, also spelled as palaeobotany (from the Greek words paleon = old and botany , study of plants), is the branch of paleontology or paleobiology http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleobotany

Paleobotany From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Paleobotany , also spelled as palaeobotany (from the Greek words paleon = old and " botany ", study of plants), is the branch of paleontology or paleobiology dealing with the recovery and identification of plant remains from geological contexts, and their use for the biological reconstruction of past environments , and the evolution of both the plant kingdom and life in general. A synonym is paleo phytology . Paleobotany includes the study of terrestrial plant fossils , as well as the study of prehistoric marine photoautotrophs , such as photosynthetic algae seaweeds or kelp . A closely-related field is palynology , which is the study of fossilized and extant spores and pollen Paleobotany is important in the reconstruction of ancient ecological systems and climate , known as paleoecology and paleoclimatology respectively; and is fundamental to the study of green plant development and evolution . Paleobotany has also become important to the field of archaeology , primarily for the use of phytoliths in relative dating and in paleoethnobotany Contents Overview of the Paleobotanical Record Plant fossils Kinds of plant fossils Form taxa ... edit Overview of the Paleobotanical Record Macroscopic remains of true vascular plants are first found in the fossil record during the Silurian Period of the Paleozoic era.. Some dispersed, fragmentary fossils of disputed affinity, primarily

2. Links For Palaeobotanists 1 Links for Palaeobotanists 1, Annotated links to internet resources, especially for palaeobotanists (Palaeobotany, paleobotany) http://www.mineralogie.uni-wuerzburg.de/palbot1.html

Links for Palaeobotanists has moved to http://www.mineralogie.uni-wuerzburg.de/palbot1.html Please, update your links and bookmarks! An annotated collection of pointers to information on palaeobotany or to WWW resources which may be of use to palaeobotanists (with an Upper Triassic bias). Teaching Documents Lecture Notes, Palaeobotany, Field Trip Guides ... ... Home Categories Palaeobotany and Palaeontology Forums@ Paul K. Strother Links to Resources in Paleobotany , go to: Lectures, "Cryptospores and the Origin of Land Plants" (Powerpoint presentation). Attention, 132 MB! Massini , Department of Geological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas: A Possible Endoparasitic Chytridiomycete Fungus from the Permian of Antarctica . Paleontologia Electronica 2007, 10 (3). Mike Pole , Queensland Herbarium, Toowong, Australia: Early Eocene Dispersed Cuticles and Mangrove to Rainforest Vegetation at Strahan-Regatta Point, Tasmania . Paleontologia Electronica 2007, 10 (3). Weston , Massachusetts: Links to Resources in Paleobotany and Palynology LabBBPM , Russia: BioExporer.Net

3. VPL: Directory Page An introductory look into the world of paleobotany. Designed as a teaching tool for a class at UC Berkeley, but providing useful background information to http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/IB181/VPL/Dir.html

[Lab I] [Lab II] [Lab III] [Lab IV] ... [Lab XII] VIRTUAL PALEOBOTANY What are the synapomorphies for land plants? What does it take? Secondarily reduced? How is it like a moss? A grade? What does it mean? A grade? Heterospory and the origin of seeds? Why sisters? Is this a good interpretation? Why is this node unresolved? Biogeography for members of this clade? Alternative topologies? What data support each? Double fertilization - what was the ancestral state? Age of the anthophytes and stratigraphic debt? Can we resolve this node? What about Zygopteris, Stauropteris, and Cladoxylon Is there a good synapomorphy for ferns? Paleobotany links [IB 181 Home] [Help Page]

4. Yale Peabody Museum: The Collections: Paleobotany A worldwide paleobotanical collection dating from the early 19th century. http://www.yale.edu/peabody/collections/pb/

'); document.write(' '); document.write(' Our Holdings Current Research History Collections Policies ... Related Links Home Paleobotany ANNOUNCEMENT January 2, 2008 Requests to visit the collections will be met on an as-feasible basis. To discuss special needs, please contact Dr. Leo Hickey, Curator, at leo.hickey@yale.edu. James Dwight Dana, Over the past 20 years the collection has seen unparalleled growth. Part of this expansion is the result of field collecting, but the largest increase is from the addition of 2 orphaned collections: The New York Botanical Garden Collection and a substantial part of the Princeton University paleobotanical collections. These holdings include material that formed the basis of the research of many of the founders of American paleobotany, including J.S. Newberry, Leo Lesquereux, E.W. Berry, W.M. Fontaine, Lester Ward and Arthur Hollick. Compendium Index of North American Mesozoic and Cenozoic Type Fossil Plants and the National Cleared Leaf Collection. Collections Manager. Volunteer Opportunities Support the Peabody Divisional Staff Linda Klise Collections Manager Fax 203.432.9816

5. What Is A Paleobotanist? paleobotany is the study of fossil plants found buried in sediments and rocks, and is one of many fields of study within the broad science of botany. http://www.snomnh.ou.edu/collections-research/cr-sub/invertpaleo/common_fossils_

What is a Paleobotanist? PALEOBOTANY Botany is the study of plants. Paleobotany is the study of fossil plants found buried in sediments and rocks, and is one of many fields of study within the broad science of botany. A paleobotanist is a person who studies fossil plants. NAMING FOSSIL PLANTS Plants, unlike most animals for example, naturally break apart into pieces while they are alive. For example, pollen is released in the Spring (causing one's allergies to act up) and leaves fall in the Autumn. In fact, it is quite normal to find a leaf here, a branch there and a seed somewhere else. When a plant dies, the plant breaks apart into still more pieces. When looking for fossil plants, a leaf is found here and a branch is found over there. It is relatively rare to find a leaf attached to a branch to show that they belong to the same plant. As a result paleobotanists usually give a different name to each part of a plant until they can show that they were part of the same plant (that is, they find the leaf attached to a branch). This method of naming fossil plants is why there are different names for different parts of a single plant. Common Fossils of Oklahoma Geologic Time Time Scale Cretaceous ... Ordovician Fossil Images Common Cretaceous Fossils Common Pennsylvanian Fossils Common Mississippian Fossils Common Devonian Fossils Common Silurian Fossils Common Ordovician Fossils What is a...?

6. Paleobotany And Palynology Welcome to the paleobotany and Palynology Home Page of the Florida Museum of Natural History. The paleobotanical holdings of the FLMNH are the largest such http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/paleobotany/

Florida Museum of Natural History Staff and Alumni Graduate Programs Collection Policies ... Past Meetings Picture of Archaeanthus , a 100 million year old angiosperm. Also, see the fossil. The FLMNH Paleobotanical Collection includes approximately 300,000 specimens. This is a conservative estimate that does not take into account the fact that an individual hand sample may contain more than one fossil of interest. In addition, the facility houses the John W. Hall paleobotanical collection (approximately 20,000 specimens) currently on a long-term loan from the University of Minnesota. The type collection includes all FLMNH paleobotanical specimens that have been cited in published literature, extending from the 1920's to the present. Approximately 183 publications are known to have cited specimens that now reside in the FLMNH paleobotanical collection (a list of these publications is available). There are currently more than 4000 specimens and 1200 thin section slides and SEM stubs (type, figured and cited) housed in ten cabinets. Organization is by year of publication and in the order of citation presented in the publications.

7. Hans' Paleobotany Pages Website on paleobotany (fossil plants) Hans paleobotany Pages. Taxodium near Ellecom. Taxodium at Ellecom (NL) a living fossil. http://www.xs4all.nl/~steurh/home.html

Nederlandse versie Hans' Paleobotany Pages Taxodium at Ellecom (NL): a living fossil. This website is dedicated to fossil plants . The first indications for the existence of land plants date from 470 million years ago, from the Ordovician. The oldest fossils of land plants visible with the naked eye are about 425 million years old, from the Middle Silurian. From this time on the plants spread over the land and the continents turned to green. This was the beginning of an amazing development, which created the terms for animal life on land. On the basis of mainly self-found fossils a view is given of plant life in the Silurian, the Devonian, the Carboniferous and the Permian. Enjoy the beauty and the multitude of forms of long vanished plants! Small animals, living between the plants, are also considered. And now a little bit Mesozoic! Use the index or CONTENTS Silurian - present Silurian Devonian Silurian/Devonian Silurian/Devonian Silurian/Devonian Silurian/Devonian Devonian Devonian Devonian Devonian Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous*/Permian Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous* Carboniferous*/Permian Permian Permian - present Jurassic Cretaceous Cretateous - present Pennsylvanian The evolution of plants The oldest land plants (1) The oldest land plants (2) Cooksonia, a very old land plant (1)

8. Geotimes - July 2002 - Highlights - Paleobotany paleobotany continues to produce a wealth of anatomical, morphological, and systematic studies as well as floristic descriptions, all of which have always http://www.agiweb.org/geotimes/july02/high_paleobotany.html

Highlights Paleobotany Melanie Devore and Kathleen Pigg This story is expanded from the print version. Paleobotany continues to produce a wealth of anatomical, morphological, and systematic studies as well as floristic descriptions, all of which have always been at the heart of the discipline. Significant this year is the publication of Fossil Flora and Stratigraphy of the Florissant Formation, Colorado (Evanoff and others, 2001, Denver Museum of Nature and Science). This volume updates varied aspects of this important Tertiary site, including megafossils, pollen, and wood (papers by E. Leopold and S. Clay-Poole, F. Wingate and D. Nichols, S. Manchester, E. Wheeler) as well as stratigraphy, paleoclimate, and paleoelevation interpretations (E. Evanoff and others, K. Gregory-Wodzicki, H. Meyer). In 2001, paleobotany continued to expand its traditional boundaries to include studies integrating data from fossil plants in order to understand extinction events, past communities, and paleoclimate. Ancient carbon cycles and carbon-dioxide levels Fossil plant data are proving to be invaluable for estimating past carbon-dioxide levels and providing insights on the functioning of ancient carbon cycles. Paleontological data for the diversity of marine animals and land plants was integrated elegantly with a concurrent measure of stable carbon-isotope fractionation for the last 400 million years (D.H. Rothman

9. Paleobotany (Fossil Plants) - Part Of Kuban's Paleo Place International Organization of paleobotany Fossil Plant society headquartered in England. Includes a searchable database of thousands of ancient and modern http://paleo.cc/kpaleo/palebota.htm

Paleobotany Links (Fossil Plants) Glen J. Kuban Part of Kuban's K-Paleo Place home page International Organization of Paleobotany - Fossil Plant society headquartered in England. Includes a searchable database of thousands of ancient and modern plants. Also includes palaeogeographic maps and links to other paleobotany sites. Paleobotany Section of the Botany Society of America - The official page of paleobotanists. Includes news, meeting info, etc. Quaternary Data - Links to sites on Quaternary paleobotany PFR: Plant Taxonomy and Classification Palaeobotanical Research Unit Maintained by Hans Kerp. Paloepage By Kurt Armbruster at University of Alberta. Has links to other paleobotany and palynology sites. Botany Related URLs - An extensive collection of botanical links maintained by Raino Lampinen, a botanist in the Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki. It contains many links including images. Pleistocene Algae - By graduate student David Hills at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada. This site provides information on crustose coralline algae from Pleistocene lagoons in the Caribbean. Included are miucroscopic images. Paleobotany/Palynology Home Page

10. Paleobotanical Methods The most basic premise of paleobotanical theory is that plants that grow in warm climates look different from plants that grow in cold climates, http://www.colorado.edu/GeolSci/Resources/WUSTectonics/CzPaleobotany/methods.htm

Paleobotanical Methods Fossil plants have long been used to infer paleoclimate and, by extension, paleoelevation. The most basic premise of paleobotanical theory is that plants that grow in warm climates look different from plants that grow in cold climates, and therefore if one or the other can be recognized in the fossil record we have a constraint on the climate in which the plants lived. In practice, paleobotany is fraught with more assumptions and inferences than most methods in the earth sciences, and the uncertainties associated with traditional paleobotanical analyses are huge. In many cases, though, paleobotany is the only method available for determining elevation history of a region. Paleobotanical methods can be quite complex. Half of the analysis requires some identification or classification of the fossil flora; there are two main ways of doing this: 1) identification of the flora in terms of modern plants, or "nearest living relatives," and 2) characterization of the flora based on physiognomic characteristics. The second half of the analysis involves relating the fossil flora to some climate parameter or group of parameters, and further using these parameters to infer elevation. The climatic half of the analysis may involve estimates of mean annual temperature and growing season length, or less direct atmospheric parameters such as terrestrial lapse rate and mean annual enthalpy. In the following discussion, floral classification schemes are described first, followed by the methods of climatic and atmospheric analysis.

11. Bibliography Of Paleobotany paleobotany.bio.ku.edu/BiblioOfPaleo.htm 1k - Division of paleobotanyFrom the navigation bar on the left, you can access the search pages for the two databases we maintain, the Bibliography of paleobotany, with more than http://paleobotany.bio.ku.edu/BiblioOfPaleo.htm

12. PALEOBOTANY Documentation of these changes and understanding the reasons for these changes is only part of what paleobotany the study of fossil plants sensu latu (in http://www.colby.edu/~ragastal/Paleobot.htm

A Brief Introduction to PALEOBOTANY Although most of the "green things" that populate our oceans and continents don't have the ability to move about and, hence, grab out attention, the world's biota couldn't exist without these organisms. The Plant Kingdom is the base of Earth's food chain and, as such, is the foundation for all life as we know it today, in the recent past, and in the deep past. That's not to say that today's biota is exactly like that of the past. Indeed, there have been dramatic changes in the base of the food chain since its first appearance. Documentation of these changes and understanding the reasons for these changes is only part of what Paleobotany - the study of fossil plants sensu latu (in the broad sense) - attempts to do. Those scientists who actively pursue study of these seemingly "uninteresting" organisms have devised several approaches to examine life's history that can be separated into two broad categories TRADITIONAL and INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES. Traditional approaches follow methodologies established during and immediately after the Renaissance, while Integrative approaches are based upon methodologies that could only be established following advances in technology of the 20 th Century. Advances in analytical techniques in the next several decades will, once again, change the way in which we approach this and other disciplines but, the traditional approaches will remain basic to all avenues of research. If you don't know how it was preserved, what it is, how it is constructed, and what is its life cycle, you can't take the organism(s) and use it with any amount of credibility for more synthetic approaches in our desire to develop local, regional, and global models of how Earth works.

13. 200 OK Florida Museum of Natural History paleobotany and Palynology Internet Directory for Botany Alphabetical list of links pertaining to paleobotany. http://db.education-world.com/perl/browse?cat_id=3425

14. Paleobotany The study of paleobotany involves the investigation of plants and plants pieces in the past. http://archaeology.about.com/od/pterms/g/paleobotany.htm

zGCID=" test0" zGCID=" test0 test6" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') You are here: About Education Archaeology Archaeology 101 ... Pa through Pd Paleobotany Archaeology Education Archaeology Essentials ... Submit to Digg Related Glossary Entries Archaeobotanist Suggested Reading Plants and Archaeology Opal Phytoliths in Archaeology Elsewhere on the Web Paleobotany at Yale Plants Invade the Land (conference proceedings) Most Popular The Sphinx, Old Kingdom, Egypt Letter of Intent Research Paper Topics Terracotta Army ... Megalithic Sites "Paleobotany" From K. Kris Hirst Your Guide to Archaeology FREE Newsletter. Sign Up Now! Definition: The study of paleobotany involves the investigation of the remains of plants and plants pieces in archaeological sites or other landscapes of the past. Obviously, plant matter doesn't stay unchanged over periods of centuries or millennia, but evidence in the form of floral remains such as charred seeds and phytoliths does remain and can provide information on prehistoric diet and climate. Asch, David L. and Nancy B. Asch1978 The economic potential of Iva annua and its prehistoric importance in the Lower Illinois Valley. In The nature and status of ethnobotany. In Anthropological Papers. Richard I. Ford, ed. Pp. 300-341. Ann Arbor: Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.

15. Paleobotany.com paleobotany.com. paleobotany.com, Search the Web. Movies Career Transportation Sports Science Gardening Food http://www.paleobotany.com/

paleobotany.com Search the Web: Movies Travel Career Sports ... Career Planning

16. Plant Glossary - EnchantedLearning.com (Already a member? Click here.) fir Plant Printouts EnchantedLearning.com Botany and paleobotany Dictionary . Botany and paleobotany Dictionary http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/plants/glossary/

Advertisement. EnchantedLearning.com is a user-supported site. As a bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. Click here to learn more. Become a member of Enchanted Learning. Site subscriptions last 12 months. Click here for more information on site membership. $20.00/year or other amount (directly by Credit Card $20.00/year or other amount (via PayPal $20.00/year or other amount (for sending a check by mail $20.00/year or other amount (for subscribing by school purchase order As a thank-you bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. (Already a member? Click here. Plant Printouts EnchantedLearning.com Botany and Paleobotany Dictionary Plants A B C D ... Z Click on an underlined word for more information on that subject. If the plant term you are looking for is not in the dictionary, please e-mail us A ABAXIAL Abaxial means being located on the side away from the axis . The abaxial surface of a leaf is its underside. ABSCISIC ACID Abscisic acid is a plant hormone that inhibits growth, causes the abscission of leaves, induces dormancy, closes stomata, and triggers other phenomena in response to adverse conditions.

17. Browse Paleobotany Links On Geoscience Gateways AASP Portal for Palynology paleobotany paleobotany Links Bubl Link - Oceanography Links paleobotany Links Conifer paleobotany Basics paleobotany http://www.geogateways.com/browse.asp?topicID=9&subTopicID=56&categoryID=198

18. Newindex paleobotany LABORATORY OF KATHLEEN PIGG. PEOPLE IN THE LAB OUR RESEARCH PROJECTS CLASSES ASU FOSSIL PLANT COLLECTIONS http://lsweb.la.asu.edu/kpigg/

Arizona State University SOLS PALEOBOTANY LABORATORY OF KATHLEEN PIGG PEOPLE IN THE LAB OUR RESEARCH PROJECTS ... LINKS This page recently updated: September 1, 2005 Contact K Pigg at: kpigg@asu.edu

19. Paleobotany Laboratory At Weston Observatory The URL for the paleobotany Laboratory at Weston Observatory has changed to http//www.bc.edu/research/westonobservatory/paleo/ http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/wesobs/PalyLab.html

The URL for the Paleobotany Laboratory at Weston Observatory has changed to: http://www.bc.edu/research/westonobservatory/paleo/ Please change your links accordingly

20. Paleobotany ENTER. http://www.xsnrg.com/paleobotany/

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