1. Enculturated Apes - MavicaNET This section aims to understand the higher cognitive functions in the great apes, especially in the chimpanzee. Recent research topics of this laboratory http://www.mavicanet.com/directory/nor/3564.html

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2. ScienceDirect - Developmental Review : A Note On The Development Of Deferred Imi Alternatively, given that deferred imitation of actions on objects is typically observed only in enculturated apes, the agerelated changes we observed may http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0273229703000212

Athens/Institution Login Not Registered? User Name: Password: Remember me on this computer Forgotten password? Home Browse My Settings ... Help Quick Search Title, abstract, keywords Author e.g. j s smith Journal/book title Volume Issue Page Developmental Review Volume 23, Issue 3 , September 2003, Pages 389-412 Abstract Full Text + Links PDF (177 K) Related Articles in ScienceDirect Mother knows best: Epigenetic inheritance, maternal eff... Developmental Review Mother knows best: Epigenetic inheritance, maternal effects, and the evolution of human intelligence Developmental Review Volume 26, Issue 2 June 2006 Pages 213-242 David F. Bjorklund Abstract Abstract Full Text + Links PDF (463 K) What Makes Us Human (Homo sapiens)? The Challenge of Co... ... Journal of Comparative Psychology What Makes Us Human ( Homo sapiens )? The Challenge of Cognitive Cross Species Comparison Journal of Comparative Psychology Volume 121, Issue 3 August 2007 Pages 227-240 Christophe Boesch Abstract Two major theoretical approaches have dominated the quest for uniquely human cognitive abilities: a developmentalist approach stressing the importance of environmental and social conditions, and a predominant approach in experimental and comparative psychology, the deterministic approach suggesting the effect of environmental and social conditions to be minimal. As a consequence, most claims of human cognitive uniqueness are based on comparisons of White middle class Westerner humans ( Homo sapiens ) with captive chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes

3. Miles 1994 "Ape Language" Studies And The Study Of Human Language Origins. If the linguistic and cognitive abilities of enculturated apes can be only matched by late hominids, it shows the importance of culture to human evolution. http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~jimmyd/summaries/miles1994.html

CogSci Summaries home UP email Hominid Culture in Primate Perspective Author of the summary: Jim Davies, 1998, jim@jimdavies.org Cite this paper for: Signing apes achieve vocabularies of three year olds. (258) General ape language like 2 year old humans, other cognition like 3-4 year olds. (269) In a typical day Chantek uses about 50 signs.(258) Attempts to get apes to speak met with failure. (260) All signing apes have the ability to create signs. (262) Some apes sign to themselves when nobody else is around. (266) All of the apes produce sign combinations that they have not heard before. This paper describes what apes can do with language and talks about what that might tell us about our evolutionary ancestors' abilities. p253: Studies of ape language use sheds light on early hominid language use. It suggests that they had: ÝA flexible, basic semantic communications system with moderate levels of reference low levels of perspective-taking, imitation and sequential organization and protosyntax Grammar may have come later in the evolutionary process.

4. [monkeywire] Scientists Debate Whether Apes Play Make-believe enculturated apes like Koko and Viki seem to pretend more frequently than do apes in the wild. While Koko s handlers see behaviors they interpret as http://lists.ibiblio.org/pipermail/monkeywire/2002-August/000240.html

[monkeywire] Scientists debate whether apes play make-believe DUCLAYAN, GINA GDUCLAYAN@popcouncil.org Thu, 29 Aug 2002 16:18:44 -0400 Previous message: [monkeywire] Monkey as God Hanuman (odd) Next message: [monkeywire] Court orders release of monkey "god" Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] Previous message: [monkeywire] Monkey as God Hanuman (odd) Next message: [monkeywire] Court orders release of monkey "god" Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ]

5. Blackwell Synergy - Developmental Sci, Volume 10 Issue 4 Page F31 However, there is evidence that humanraised or enculturated apes often copy the specific actions of others (Bering, Bjorklund Ragan, 2000; http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00630.x

6. Semiotic Development In Ontogeny And Phylogeny enculturated apes such as Chantek and Koko are capable of it with respect to gesture (e.g. declarative pointing) and intersubjectivity (e.g. joint http://www.arthist.lu.se/kultsem/pro/symposion05.html

i ett semiotiskt utvecklingsperspektiv Huvudsida Summary in English , Lunds universitet Lunds universitet , Lunds universitet Semiotic Development in Ontogeny and Phylogeny An International Workshop organized by the projects Language, Gestures and Pictures in the Perspective of Semiotic Development – SGB (Faculty for Humanities and Theology, Lund University) and (Lund University, in partnership with the European Commission) May 12-13 2005 Lund University, Sweden May 12, 2005, Kungshuset, Room 104 Masako Myowa-Yamakoshi (The University of Shiga Prefecture) and Tetsuro Matsuzawa (Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University) Evolutionary foundation and development of imitation Tomas Persson (Lund University Cognitive Science) Teaching matching to na¯ve gorillas Coffee Break Jordan Zlatev (Department of Linguistics, Lund University) and Peter G¤rdenfors (Lund University Cognitive Science) Bodily mimesis, intersubjectivity and gesture in apes Brian MacWhinney (Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University) The gradual emergence of language: Is recursion special?

7. As Amity May Think Regarding my topic, extended social cognition, enculturated apes also show the effects of (enculturated apes are those which have been raised in human http://amitylane.blogspot.com/

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?targetBlogID=9737747"); As amity may think Monday, April 24, 2006 The Wedding Dancer A friend was married last night. It was my first wedding to attend as an adult, and I had occasion to doll up. And boy, did I. Red silk dress with white polka dots. Pearl necklace and pearl earrings. My prettiest garnet ring. And bright red lips to match - the best accessory. I felt like a million bucks... So I looked like a million bucks. All evening, the scotch was flowing freely, and freely flowing right into my belly. Scotch - when taken properly: neat with a splash of water - is a tricksy spirit because it allows your physical self to function, yet your weakened mind is controlled by any whim of that dickensy whisky. As such, scotch becomes a very manipulative spirit, fooling you into functional dementia. Oh yes, scotch often gets me into trouble, concocting harebrained plans that my body is functional enough to carry out. Turn it into a dance move!

8. Omniseek: Lifestyle: /Lifestyle/Social Sciences/Anthropology/Enculturated Apes Lifestyle Social Sciences Anthropology enculturated apes Show Sites in this topic. Tue Dec 18, 548 pm. © copyright 20012006, created by Omniseek. http://lifestyle.omniseek.com/dir/Lifestyle/Social_Sciences/Anthropology/Encultu

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9. AllCommunity.com - Science: Social Sciences: Anthropology: Enculturated Apes Top Science Social Sciences Anthropology enculturated apes Chimpanzee and Great Ape Language ResourcesAnthropology Department, Brown University http://srb.npaci.edu/cgi-bin/nsdl.cgi?uid=/2004-04-15T00:15:18Z/41C2097BC6D982D5

10. THEORY OF MIND IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES This thesis is not a focus of the present discussion because, while Tomasello et al. claim that the behavior of enculturated apes is intentional , http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.heyes.html

Below is the unedited preprint (not a quotable final draft) of: Heyes, C. M. (1998). Theory of mind in nonhuman primates. Behavioral and Brain Sciences The final published draft of the target article, commentaries and Author's Response are currently available only in paper. For information on becoming a commentator on this or other BBS target articles, write to: bbs@soton.ac.uk For information about subscribing or purchasing offprints of the published version, with commentaries and author's response, write to: journals_subscriptions@cup.org (North America) or journals_marketing@cup.cam.ac.uk (All other countries). THEORY OF MIND IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES C. M. Heyes Department of Psychology University College London Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom c.heyes@ucl.ac.uk Keywords apes; associative learning; concepts; convergence; deception; evolution of intelligence; folk psychology; imitation; mental state attribution; monkeys; parsimony; perspective-taking; primates; role-taking; self-recognition; social cognition; social intelligence; theory of mind. Abstract Premack & Woodruff (1978) asked "Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?". Since it was posed, nearly 20 years ago, Premack & Woodruff's question has dominated the study of both social behavior in nonhuman primates (henceforward simply "primates") and cognitive development in children, but progress in the two fields has been markedly different. Developmentalists have established empirical methods to investigate children's understanding of mentality, and, forging links with philosophy of mind and philosophy of science, they have mustered the conceptual resources for disciplined dispute about the origins (innate module, convention or testing), on-line control (simulation or inference), and epistemic status (stance, theory or direct knowledge) of human folk psychology (e.g. Goldman 1993; Gopnik 1993; Gopnik & Wellman 1994). In contrast, those working with primates have continued to struggle with the basic question of whether

11. Scientific American: Why Are Some Animals So Smart? Many times during the past century people reared great ape infants as they would human children. These socalled enculturated apes acquired a surprising set http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=000C1E5D-B9BA-1422-B9BA83414B7F0103&print=tr

12. American Scientist Online - Ape Abilities Later research by Alan and Beatrix Gardner, Francine G. Penny Patterson and others on the use of American Sign Language in enculturated apes produced http://www.americanscientist.org/template/AssetDetail/assetid/31355

Home Current Issue Archives Bookshelf ... Subscribe In This Section Reviewed in This Issue Book Reviews by Issue New Books Received Publishers' Directory ... Virtual Bookshelf Archive Site Search Advanced Search Visitor Login Username Password Help with login Forgot your password? Change your username see list of all reviews from this issue: March-April 2004 BEHAVIOR Ape Abilities Nathan J. Emery Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings . Duane M. Rumbaugh and David A. Washburn. xvii + 326 pp. Yale University Press, 2003. $35. Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings, by Duane M. Rumbaugh and David A. Washburn. click for full image and caption Two married couples who were, roughly, contemporaries of Yerkes and Köhler—Keith and Kathy Hayes, and Winthrop and Luella Kellogg—attempted to understand whether chimpanzees could learn to produce and use human language. These studies were doomed to failure because of their focus on testing whether chimpanzees' understanding and use of language was vocally based. Later research by Alan and Beatrix Gardner, Francine G. "Penny" Patterson and others on the use of American Sign Language in enculturated apes produced interesting results but did not get at the important aspects of human language: grammar, syntax and creativity. To do that, a new way of thinking about and testing apes' appreciation of language was needed.

13. PEP Web - The Cultural Origins Of Human Cognition: Michael Tomasello Cambridge: and construing one thing metaphorically in terms of another; all of these are specifically human (with some exceptions among enculturated apes). http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=apa.048.1641a

14. MavicaNET - Enculturated Apes Multilingual search directory of Internet resources. Supports major European languages. Extensive human edited and easy to use catalog of annotated Web http://www.mavica.ru/lite/tur/3564.html

MavicaNET - Multilingual Search Catalog Stats: links: , categories: , languages supported: MavicaNet - Classic Home About us Help ... Editor's login Belarusian Bulgarian Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Latvian Lithuanian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian (cyr.) Serbian (lat.) Slovak Spanish Swedish Turkish Ukrainian Advanced search Enculturated Apes Katalog Doða Yaþam Hayvanlar (Animalia) ... Animal Behavior / Enculturated Apes Katalog Doða Yaþam Hayvanlar (Animalia) ... Primates (Primates) / Enculturated Apes See also Psycholinguistics Paleoanthropology and Human Origins sort by Title Quality Rating Language ... Language Research Center The world renown primate research facility in Atlanta, Georgia associated with Georgia State University specializing in language research with an emphasis on work with bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). eng Section of Language and Intelligence eng sort by Title Quality Rating Language ... NNT Telecom . Designed by Digital Art Design , 2000. Hosted by NNT

15. UTC Sociology Anthropology And Geography | Lyn Miles Dr. Miles is a primatologist with research interests in great ape to support enculturated apes and foster great ape communication and conservation. http://www.utc.edu/Academic/SociologyAnthropologyAndGeography/staff/lyn-miles.ph

@import url(/css/UTC5.css); Menu Requires JavaScript Skip to Content Sociology Anthropology and Geography Search UTC.edu: Resources: UTC Online Schedule of Classes Apply to UTC Sociology, Anthropology and Geography Links A Welcome from The Department Head Degrees and Programs Course Offerings in Sociology Course Offerings in Anthropology ... UTC Home Sociology, Anthropology and Geography 308 Brock Hall Dept 2102 615 McCallie Avenue Chattanooga, TN 37403 (423)425-2251 fax Home Sociology Anthropology and Geography / Lyn Miles... H. Lyn Miles, Ph.D. U.C. Foundation Professor of Anthropology 302A Brock Hall Email New York Times, Washington Post, Time Magazine, and London Sunday Times Magazine She is Research Director and President of the Chantek Foundation, and President of Ape-Net, a consortium of foundations and celebrities founded by British musician Peter Gabriel to support enculturated apes and foster great ape communication and conservation. She teaches courses in primate behavior, ape language, linguistic anthropology, and physical anthropology, and has won a Student Government Association Outstanding Professor Award and a College of Arts and Sciences Research Prize. She is a world percussionist with several Atlanta-based African drumming groups, and has her own band, Animal Nation, which features music co-composed and performed by Chantek. Ph.D., 1978, Anthropology, University of Connecticut

16. Omniseek: Science And Tech: /Science & Tech/Social Sciences/Anthropology/Encultu Science Tech Social Sciences Anthropology enculturated apes Show Sites in this topic. Fri Jan 4, 257 pm. © copyright 20012006, created by Omniseek. http://scienceandtech.omniseek.com/dir/Science_and_Tech/Social_Sciences/Anthropo

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17. University Of Chicago Press - Cookie Absent The Ape and the Sushi Master Cultural Reflections of a Primatologist. . criteria for what “counts” as language precisely as enculturated apes were shown http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/resolve?CA013802PS

18. JSTOR The Human Adaptation For Culture enculturated apes It may be objected that there are a number of convincing observations of chim panzee imitation in the literature, and indeed there are a http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0084-6570(1999)2:28<509:THAFC>2.0.CO;2-1

19. Language And The Orang-utan: The Old 'Person' Of The Forest, By H. Lyn White Mil Ethically speaking, enculturated apes are analogous to children. This analogy is particularly significant since the law protects children who show less http://www.animal-rights-library.com/texts-m/whitemiles01.htm

Language and the Orang-utan: The Old 'Person' of the Forest by H. Lyn White Miles The Great Ape Project New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1993, pp. 42-57 Acrobat version I still maintain, that his [the orang-utan] being possessed of the capacity of acquiring it [language], by having both the human intelligence and the organs of pronunciation, joined to the dispositions and affections of his mind, mild, gentle, and humane, is sufficient to denominate him a man. Lord J. B. Monboddo, Of the Origin and Progress of Language, If we base personhood on linguistic and mental ability, we should now ask, 'Are orang-utans or other creatures persons?' The issues this question raises are complex, but certainly arrogance and ignorance have played a role in our reluctance to recognise the intellectual capacity of our closest biological relatives - the nonhuman great apes. Ignorance is almost always the basis for defining difference as 'other'. Since the West had no representatives of our closest relatives, the apes, we were ignorant of our primate heritage and the species that link us more closely with nature.

20. Omniseek Art /Arts Humanities /Humanities /Anthropology directory only in Anthropology / Enculturated _ Apes Top Social Sciences Anthropology Try a search for enculturated apes on HotBot Web Search http://artsandhumanities.omniseek.com/srch/{11608}

/var/vhosts/omniseek/devel1/lib/global.inc:107 /var/vhosts/omniseek/devel1/lib/global.inc:108 /var/vhosts/omniseek/devel1/lib/global.inc:109 sitename= News Sections Business Community Computing Directory ... Travel Search Engine Omniseek Multisearch Article Archives Artcyclopedia Imagebase TIGER Website World Wide Art Resources Don't forget to come back to this page and click the check mark to vote for a site! Chimpanzee and Great Ape Language Resour . . . nthropology Department, Brown University Includes links, online texts, and ape images. At the Anthropology Department, Brown University (http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Anthropology/apelang.html) Language in child and chimp? General commentary on ape language and good links. (http://pubpages.unh.edu/~jel/apelang.html) Non-human primates and language This project is part of a theoretical course on Syntax and Grammatical Theories taught by Prof. Dirk Geeraerts at K.U.Leuven. (http://pages.hotbot.com/edu/nhp.language/) Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Not much here. Brief research descriptions, grad students, etc. (http://www.pri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/koudou-shinkei/shikou/langinte.htm)

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